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27-456: A studio is an artist's or worker's work room. Studio or The Studio may also refer to: Studio The word studio is derived from the Italian : studio , from Latin : studium , from studere , meaning to study or zeal. The French term for studio, atelier , in addition to designating an artist's studio is used to characterize the studio of a fashion designer. Studio

54-406: A college. Educational studios are colloquially referred to as "studio" by students, who are known for staying up late hours into the night doing projects and socializing. The studio environment is characterized by two types in education: Studio pottery is made by an individual potter working on his own in his studio, rather than in a ceramics factory (although there may be a design studio within

81-530: A larger manufacturing site). Production studios are those studios which act as centres for the production in any of the arts ; alternatively they can also be the financial and commercial entity behind such endeavours. In radio and television production studio is the place where programs and radio commercial and television advertising are recorded for further emission. Animation studios , like movie studios , may be production facilities, or financial entities. In some cases, especially in anime , they continue

108-471: A mere production facility or workshop. Safety is or may be a concern in studios, with some painting materials required to be handled, stored, or used properly to prevent poisoning, chemical burns, or fire. In educational studios, students learn to develop skills related to design, ranging from architecture to product design. In specific, educational studios are studio settings where large numbers of students learn to draft and design with instructional help at

135-558: A studio is similar to, and derived from, movie studios , with a few amendments for the special requirements of television production. A professional television studio generally has several rooms, which are kept separate for noise and practicality reasons. Many healing arts and activities such as zen, yoga, judo and karate are "studied" in a studio. It is widespread to see yoga studios and martial arts studios established in settings that might previously have been for other uses, described as studios. These are not recreational centers or gyms in

162-420: Is also a metonym for the group of people who work within a particular studio. The studio of any artist, especially from the 15th to the 19th centuries, characterized all the assistants, thus the designation of paintings as "from the workshop of..." or "studio of..." An art studio is sometimes called an " atelier ", especially in earlier eras. In contemporary, English language use, "atelier" can also refer to

189-526: Is also known for its many studios , which for a long time have had material produced mainly for other European countries. It has been stated that the 13th century Cantigas de Santa María could be considered as the first Spanish "comic", although comics made their official debut around 1857 at the Spanish colonies . Among the first comic magazines in peninsular Spain were the satirical La Flaca (1869-1876) or El Mundo Cómico (1873). After them, TBO

216-457: Is both a workspace and a corporate body. As a workspace it provides space to take, develop, print and duplicate photographs. A radio studio is a room in which a radio program or show is produced, either for live broadcast or for recording for a later broadcast. The room is soundproofed to avoid unwanted noise being mixed into the broadcast. A recording studio is a facility for sound recording which generally consists of at least two rooms:

243-536: The Atelier Method , a training method for artists that usually takes place in a professional artist's studio. The above-mentioned "method" calls upon that zeal for study to play a significant role in the production which occurs in a studio space. A studio is more or less artful to the degree that the artist who occupies it is committed to the continuing education in his or her formal discipline. Academic curricula categorize studio classes in order to prepare students for

270-478: The Francoist regime ; as a result, comic heroes were based on historical fiction (influenced by Foster 's Prince Valiant ). In 1944 the medieval hero El Guerrero del Antifaz ("the masked warrior") was created by Manuel Gago and published by Editorial Valenciana . Another popular medieval hero, Capitán Trueno , was created in 1956 by Víctor Mora and Miguel Ambrosio Zaragoza . Despite Franco's controls,

297-652: The 1940s and 1950s are considered a golden age of Spanish comics, and many titles were at the height of their popularity. During this period, Editorial Bruguera created a recognizable style of humor comics with a mixture of comedy of manners and slapstick (influenced by Franco-Belgian authors such as Franquin ) starring chronic losers. Among the popular characters of this era were Cifré 's El repórter Tribulete , Escobar 's Carpanta and Zipi y Zape , and Vázquez 's Las hermanas Gilda . Editorial Bruguera also published adventure comics such as Capitán Trueno and Silver Roy . In 1958 Ibáñez 's Mortadelo y Filemón

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324-554: The 1960s Spanish comics had to adapt to changing times and more restrictive censorship. Editorial Bruguera was the leader of juvenile comics during those years, with authors such as Fresnos , Jan , Joan March , Nicolás , Jaume Ribera , and Jaume Rovira . In 1969 the magazine Gran Pulgarcito serialized the first long strip (44 pages) of Mortadelo y Filemón . The adult market produced horror comics such as Dossier Negro (1968), Vampus (1971) or Rufus (1973), or satirical comics such as El Papus (1973). Humor comics of

351-563: The 1970s became more absurdist, with characters such as Sir Tim O'Theo (1970) or Superlópez (1975). One of the authors who adapted well to this more surreal style was Vázquez with his strip Anacleto, agente secreto . After the death of Franco in 1975, there was an increased interest in adult comics, with magazines such as Totem , El Jueves , 1984 , and El Víbora , and works such as Paracuellos by Carlos Giménez . However, successful humor comics continued to appear at children-oriented media, such as Goomer (1988). In 1989

378-499: The 1990s most adult comic magazines ( Cairo , Zona 84 , Cimoc ) ceased publishing. El Víbora closed in 2005. The most notable survivor of that era was El Jueves . Mortadelo and all Ediciones B comic magazines disappeared in 1996. Mortadelo y Filemón and Superlópez were still published directly in album format until 2022 and 2023 respectively. Among the notable Spanish webcomics are ¡Eh, tío! , El joven Lovecraft , El Listo and ¡Universo! . Since 2007,

405-729: The Spanish comics market for most of its history. Spanish artists have traditionally worked in other markets reaching great success, either in the American (e.g., Eisner Award winners Sergio Aragonés , Salvador Larroca , Gabriel Hernández Walta , Marcos Martín or David Aja ), the British (e.g., Carlos Ezquerra , co-creator of Judge Dredd ) or the Franco-Belgian one (e.g., first Fauve d'Or winner Julio Ribera or Blacksad authors Juan Díaz Canales and Juanjo Guarnido ). The Spanish market

432-425: The annual comic book convention of Barcelona was inaugurated. Market saturation became evident in 1983 with the closure of the magazines of Ediciones Metropol . Things during this era were complicated by a crisis that increased the price of paper, as well as the rise of video games. Editorial Bruguera filed for bankruptcy on 7 June 1982. In 1986 it was acquired by Grupo Z and transformed into Ediciones B . In

459-545: The artist's realm. There are several different projects along these lines, most notably the SCALE-UP (Student-Centered Active Learning Environment for Undergraduate Programs) initiated at NC State . In audio, a mastering studio is a facility specialised in audio mastering . Tasks may include but not be limited to audio restoration, corrective and tone-shaping EQ, dynamic control, stereo or 5.1 surround editing, vinyl and tape transfers, vinyl cutting, and CD compilation. Depending on

486-812: The creation of a comic strip , comic book or graphic novel . In the early days of " Dan Dare ", Frank Hampson employed a number of staff at his studio to help with the production of the strip. Eddie Campbell is another creator who has assembled a small studio of colleagues to help him in his art, and the comic book industry in the United States has based its production methods upon the studio system employed at its beginnings. Another type of studio, common for instance in Spain , would produce work for-hire on license, with prospective buyers bringing in their own franchises for artwork and occasionally new stories. Many universities are creating studio settings for courses outside

513-581: The file for its intended destination, which may be broadcast, DVD or digital distribution. An "acting studio" is an institution or workspace (similar to a dance studio) in which actors rehearse and refine their craft. The Neighborhood Playhouse and Actors Studio are legendary acting studios in New York. A movie studio is a company which develops, equips and maintains a controlled environment for filmmaking . This environment may be interior ( sound stage ), exterior ( backlot ) or both. A photographic studio

540-455: The quality of the original mix, the mastering engineer's role can change from small corrections to improving the overall sound of a mix drastically. Typically studios contain a combination of high-end analogue equipment with low-noise circuitry and digital hardware and plug-ins. Some may contain tape machines and disc cutting lathes . They may also contain full-range monitoring systems and be acoustically tuned to provide an accurate reproduction of

567-399: The rigors of building sets of skills which require a continuity of practice in order to achieve growth and mastery of their artistic expression. A versatile and creative mind will embrace the opportunity of such practice to innovate and experiment, which develops uniquely individual qualities of each artist's expression. Thus the method raises and maintains an art studio space above the level of

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594-471: The sound information contained in the original medium. The mastering engineer must prepare the file for its intended destination, which may be radio, CD, vinyl or digital distribution. In video production , a mastering studio is a facility specialized in the post-production of video recordings. Tasks may include but not be limited to: video editing , colour grading correction, mixing, DVD authoring and audio mastering . The mastering engineer must prepare

621-439: The studio or live room, and the control room, where the sound from the studio is recorded and manipulated. They are designed so that they have good acoustics and so that there is good isolation between the rooms. A television studio is an installation in which television or video productions take place, for live television , for recording video tape , or for the acquisition of raw footage for post-production . The design of

648-413: The tradition of a studio where a master or group of talented individuals oversee the work of lesser artists and crafts persons in realising their vision. Animation studios are a fast rising entity and they include established firms such as Walt Disney and Pixar . A comics studio is a workroom or entertainment company that makes comics . Comics creators , employ small studios of staff to assist in

675-579: The traditional sense, but places where students of these activities practice or study their art. Spanish comics Spanish comics are the comics of Spain . Comics in Spain are usually called historietas or cómics , with tebeos primarily denoting the magazines containing the medium. Tebeo is a phonetic adaptation of TBO , a long-running (1917–1983) Spanish comic magazine , and sounds like " te veo " ("I see you"). Two publishing houses — Editorial Bruguera and Editorial Valenciana — dominated

702-618: Was first published, a series that soon became the most popular comic media in Spain, together with some of his other creations (e.g., 13. Rue del Percebe ). Editorial Valenciana published adventures comics such as Roberto Alcázar y Pedrín (debuting in 1940), Miguel Quesada 's La Pandilla de los Siete and El Guerrero del Antifaz . Editorial Valenciana's humor series were not as slapstick, with more absurd and harmless comedy; they featured synthetic drawing and, in academic terms, were more finished, with an "abundance of backgrounds, change of perspective, depth of field" and some statism. In

729-623: Was specially influential in popularizing the medium. One of the magazine's recurring features was Los grandes inventos del TBO ("the great inventions of TBO ") which depicted humorous Rube Goldberg -like machines. Other important early humorous comic magazines were Pulgarcito (1921–1986) and Lily (the latter for girls). After the Spanish Civil War the Franco regime imposed strict censorship in all media, and comics were no exception. As part of this ban, superhero comics were forbidden by

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