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53-473: The Lion may refer to: Art, entertainment, and media [ edit ] Broadcasting [ edit ] WKPS , branded as "The LION 90.7fm" Fiction [ edit ] The Lion: A Tale of the Coteries , an 1839 novel by Henry Fothergill Chorley The Lion (Kessel novel) , a 1958 novel by Joseph Kessel The Lion (film) , a 1962 film, adapted from

106-705: A nickname for Theodore Roosevelt , the 26th president of United States The Lion (locomotive) , a historic steam locomotive at the Maine State Museum in Augusta, Maine The Lion (mountain) , a mountain in South West Tasmania See also [ edit ] Lion (disambiguation) Lion , one of the five big cats in the genus Panthera Lakshyam (2007 film) , a 2007 Indian Telugu-language film titled Bhai: The Lion in Hindi Topics referred to by

159-630: A 2000 Legend of the Five Rings novel by Stephen D. Sullivan , the seventh installment in the franchise's Clan War novel series The Lion (DeMille novel) , a 2010 novel by Nelson DeMille Music [ edit ] The Lion (album) , an album by Youssou N'Dour The Lion (EP) , an EP by Wild Adriatic Pubs [ edit ] The Lion, Potters Bar , Hertfordshire, England Lion Hotel , Adelaide, South Australia Other uses [ edit ] The Lion , an 1828 academic journal printed and published by Richard Carlile The Lion,

212-430: A 21-minute Victoria's Secret fashion show featuring supermodel Tyra Banks aired exclusively on Broadcast.com . The webcast was promoted by a 30-second television spot during Super Bowl XXXIII and drew an estimated 1.5 million viewers. Broadcast.com servers were reportedly overwhelmed by the spike in traffic, locking out many potential viewers. Virtually all major broadcasters now have a webcast of their output, from

265-458: A brand-new student-run radio station in the tradition of WDFM prior to its professionalization. The new station would seek to serve the listening community by providing alternative and cultural programming not found in local commercial radio. WKPS went on the air on Halloween on Tuesday, October 31, 1995. The first song ever played on its airwaves was "Please Play This Song on the Radio" by NOFX . WKPS

318-537: A concert by Metallica on June 10, 1996, live from Slim's in San Francisco. In 1995, Benford E. Standley produced one of the first audio/video webcasts in history. On October 31, 1996, UK rock band Caduseus broadcast their one-hour concert from 11   pm to 12   midnight (UT) at Celtica in Machynlleth, Wales, UK – the first live streamed audio and simultaneous live streamed video multicast – around

371-464: A curricular-focused campus news segment. The LION 90.7fm still references this incident from time to time through audio imaging on the station. An article and partial transcript of the incident was published by a local independent newspaper, and complete audio of the incident continues to exist online. Student staffers had only begun to get settled, however, when in 2004, newly installed Vice President of Student Affairs Vicky Triponey cut all funding to

424-527: A feature of the fledgling World Wide Web . Later in 1996 an American college student and conceptual artist , Jenny Ringley , set up a web camera similar to the Trojan Room Coffee Pot's webcam in her dorm room. That webcam photographed her every few minutes while it broadcast those images live over the Internet upon a site called JenniCam . Ringley wanted to portray all aspects of her lifestyle and

477-575: A multitude of Internet-only "stations". Webcasting usually consists of providing non-interactive linear streams or events. Rights and licensing bodies offer specific "webcasting licenses" to those wishing to carry out Internet broadcasting using copyrighted material. Webcasting is used extensively in the commercial sector for investor relations presentations (such as annual general meetings), in e-learning (to transmit seminars ), and for related communications activities. However, webcasting does not bear much, if any, relationship to web conferencing , which

530-415: A way of providing higher bandwidth Internet access to home computer users as well as enabling television-based Internet access, driving the development of smart television products. The earliest graphically oriented web broadcasts were not streaming video, but were in fact still frames which were photographed with a web camera every few minutes while they were being broadcast live over the Internet. One of

583-438: Is a media presentation distributed over the Internet using streaming media technology to distribute a single content source to many simultaneous listeners/viewers. A webcast may either be distributed live or on demand. Essentially, webcasting is " broadcasting " over the Internet. The largest "webcasters" include existing radio and TV stations, who " simulcast " their output through online TV or online radio streaming, as well as

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636-570: Is designed for many-to-many interaction. The ability to webcast using cheap/accessible technology has allowed independent media to flourish. There are many notable independent shows that broadcast regularly online. Often produced by average citizens in their homes they cover many interests and topics. Webcasts relating to computers, technology , and news are particularly popular and many new shows are added regularly. Webcasting differs from podcasting in that webcasting refers to live streaming while podcasting simply refers to media files placed on

689-556: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages WKPS LION 90.7fm transmits to a potential audience of over 125,000 from its studio in the Hetzel Union Building (HUB)-Robeson Center. The station also has a live webcast , which is capable of streaming live to hundreds of listeners. WKPS is licensed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) with

742-676: The BBC to CNN to Al Jazeera to UNTV in television to Radio China, Vatican Radio, United Nations Radio and the World Service in radio. On November 4, 1994, Stef van der Ziel distributed the first live video images over the web from the Simplon venue in Groningen. On November 7, 1994, WXYC , the college radio station of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill became the first radio station in

795-625: The 1960s, WHR was the first of three stations at Penn State specific to University Park residence halls. WHR, which stood for West Halls Radio, rebroadcast the WDFM signal and also produced and broadcast original content to its area residence halls. On the AM dial, there also existed WEHR, a radio station in Penn State's East Residence Halls ("EHR" stands for "East Halls Radio"). At one time, three of Penn State's five residence areas possessed their own stations. WEHR

848-412: The 1980s onward, student programming was progressively cut back. Later in the decade, more NPR programming was added to the schedule. By 1992, WPSU had become a full-fledged NPR affiliate with very few student ties and very little student programming. Despite the fact that the "new" radio station's mission and goals were dissimilar to those of early WDFM, the university allowed WPSU to exist. Founded in

901-742: The American jam band Phish webcast one of their concerts for the first time. On October 22, 1998, the first Billy Graham Crusade was broadcast live to a worldwide audience from the Raymond James Stadium in Tampa Florida courtesy of Dale Ficken and the WebcastCenter in Pennsylvania. The live signal was broadcast via satellite to PA, then encoded and streamed via the BGEA website. On February 6, 1999,

954-499: The College wired its student news studio into the station's sound board without proper communication or permission, leading to an incident known locally as "The LION Riot". It was at this time that faculty members of the College of Communications entered the WKPS studios while students were broadcasting live, proceeding to reprimand student broadcasters on-air for a perceived failure to broadcast

1007-411: The Internet. The term "webcast" had previously been used to describe the distribution of Web or Internet content using conventional broadcast technologies such as those intended for digital video ( Digital Video Broadcasting ) and audio ( Digital Audio Broadcasting ), and in some cases even leveraging analogue broadcasting techniques traditionally used by Teletext services to deliver a limited "Best of

1060-554: The Penn State Alumni Association. The Alumni Interest Group had been founded in 2005 by then-faculty adviser Robert K. Zimmerman , but had become inactive after his death in 2007. Mike Gogel, a former President and General Manager of WKPS, became president of the Alumni Interest Group in 2009. During his two-year tenure the group created The Robert K. Zimmerman Endowment for Student Broadcasting at Penn State ,

1113-480: The Penn State Community. In late 2005, student General Manager Brandon W. Peach assumed the responsibility for putting the station back on the right financial track. While the problems with the administration would continue to grow, the radio station has been able to procure aid from alternate sources and continue to provide an outlet for multi-format student radio. In 2006, the Alumni Interest Group renewed

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1166-477: The Penn State community for the purpose of connecting students, alumni, professors, and friends passionate about creating and promoting a more robust cultural environment through media." Specifically, the Penn State Media Association re-imagined its role in order to "support a diversity of student media endeavors, and relatedly, to promote a holistic approach to supporting student media that recognizes

1219-521: The SOBC, were not so inclined to give the station money. UPAC cut funding for The Lion 90.7FM by 80 percent during the 2000-2001 academic year, a decrease which nearly crippled the station. Student General Manager Mike Walsh secured funding from the office of Student Affairs, with its Vice President Bill Asbury allegedly promising to provide funding support for an additional five years. The exact terms of this verbal contract are contested—when Vicky Triponey became

1272-647: The Senior Gift of the Class of 1912. Initially an experimental shortwave installation, it represented "the first licensed club in the nation" and possessed "one of the first experimental licenses" granted by the government. By 1921 WPSC was broadcasting on the AM dial at 500 watts and was one of the earliest college radio stations in the nation. Due to a combination of the Great Depression and increasing costs of regulatory compliance,

1325-520: The State College community and Penn State students with public service; secondarily, the need to provide a hands-on, co-curricular learning environment for students of any academic major interested in broadcast media; and finally, to provide a recreational extracurricular activity for students. Therefore, WKPS was open to students of all majors, not specifically those in the College of Communications for broadcast media. The station offered opportunities that

1378-551: The Vice President of Student Affairs, the University claimed Asbury only promised three years. In order to secure more professional oversight for the station, LION 90.7fm attempted the following year to create a mutually beneficial partnership with Penn State's College of Communications. The University agreed to create such a relationship, and the office of Student Affairs and the College of Communications each offered to pay half of

1431-539: The Web" selection of content to audiences. Overnight broadcasts of data via analogue television signals were claimed by WebTV representatives to be able to offer "a fresh gigabyte of data every day... while you sleep". Typically, webcasting referred to a form of datacasting involving higher bandwidth broadcast technologies delivering Web content, multimedia files in particular, and with any interactivity supported by lower bandwidth return channels such as dial-up Internet access over

1484-417: The camera captured her doing almost everything – brushing her teeth, doing her laundry, and even having sex with her boyfriend. Her website generated millions of hits upon the Internet, became a pay site in 1998, and spawned hundreds of female imitators who would then use streaming video to create a new billion dollar industry called camming , and brand themselves as camgirls or webcam models. One of

1537-574: The earliest instances of sequential live image broadcasting was in 1991 when a camera was set up next to the Trojan Room in the computer laboratory of the University of Cambridge . It provided a live picture every few minutes of the office coffee pot to all desktop computers on that office's network. A couple of years later its broadcasts went to the Internet, became known as the Trojan Room Coffee Pot webcam , and gained international notoriety as

1590-572: The earliest webcast equivalent of an online concert and one of the earliest examples of webcasting itself was by Apple Computer 's Webcasting Group in partnership with the entrepreneurs Michael Dorf and Andrew Rasiej. Together with David B. Pakman from Apple , they launched the Macintosh New York Music Festival from July 17–22, 1995. This event audio webcast concerts from more than 15 clubs in New York City. Apple later webcast

1643-571: The early radio station relied heavily on the staff of WPSU-FM 91.5 FM, with whom they shared the University-rented James building (also shared by the Daily Collegian ). Any oversight and support were extremely short-lived, however: WPSU relocated in May 1998. According to its Federal Communications Commission , WKPS tweaked the original goals of WDFM, citing primarily the need to provide for

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1696-403: The first endowed fund benefiting WKPS to support the perpetual financial needs of student broadcasting. In 2011, another former President and General Manager, Brandon W. Peach, was elected to head the Alumni Interest Group. During his tenure the name of the group changed to the Penn State Media Association, while its mission expanded beyond traditional broadcasting to foster "relationships across

1749-429: The globe to more than twenty direct "mirrors" in more than twenty countries. In September 1997, Nebraska Public Television started webcasting Big Red Wrap Up from Lincoln, Nebraska which combined highlights from every Cornhusker football game, coverage of the coaches' weekly press conferences, analysis with Nebraska sportswriters, appearances by special guests and questions and answers with viewers. On August 8, 1997,

1802-612: The interdisciplinary nature of contemporary media." In 2014, the Penn State Media Association launched its second capital campaign, this time to create the "Penn State Media Association Trustee Scholarship for Student Broadcasters." The capital campaign seeks to endow this scholarship to benefit WKPS students with demonstrated financial need, and once realized will produce more than $ 10,000 annually in available scholarship assistance to student broadcasters. 40°47′58″N 77°52′11″W  /  40.79944°N 77.86972°W  / 40.79944; -77.86972 Webcast A webcast

1855-521: The novel "The Lion", Doctor Who season 2, episode 64; episode 1 of The Crusade (1965) "The Lion", Beyond Westworld episode 3 (1980) "The Lion", Jackanory episode 99 (1966) "The Lion", Lassie (1954 TV series) season 1, episode 8 (1954) "The Lion", The Haves and the Have Nots season 5, episode 4 (2018) "The Lion", Thunderstone season 1, episode 6 (1999) "The Lion", Wai Lana Yoga season 1, episode 16 The Lion ,

1908-492: The previous student radio stations hadn't seen including, in 1999, the start of students broadcasting Penn State football, and in 2001, the start of internet web-streaming of the station. Incidentally, "WKPS" was the fictitious student radio station featured in the 1990 film Pump Up The Volume , starring Christian Slater . By 2000, students in the University Park Allocations Committee, which replaced

1961-542: The previous year, were launched for student and community audience of both State College residents and distant alumni. The webcasts continue to be popular, nearly reaching their listener capacity limit each time The LION 90.7fm broadcasts a Penn State football game. In 2008, President and General Manager Tom Shakely began working with alumni to resuscitate the Penn State Student Radio Alumni Interest Group, an affiliate non-profit organization of

2014-549: The primary goal being to serve the campus and local community and secondary goals being the training, education and instruction of students in broadcast radio and station management. The station is run entirely by Penn State undergraduates, and maintains its tradition of public service by allowing student broadcasters from any academic major and community broadcasters local to the area. It also retains its programmatic independence by remaining unaffiliated with any academic college. WPSC, Penn State's original student station, emerged from

2067-408: The public telephone network or communication over mobile telephone networks. Such return channels conveyed each user's requests for the delivery of specific content over the broadcast medium. Eventually, DVB satellite operators were to offer a higher bandwidth return channel using DVB-RCS , raising the prospect of "point-to-point connections with users' satellite dishes". Webcasting had been regarded as

2120-479: The radio station. Though she allegedly cited WKPS's flagship talk show Radio Free Penn State as the cause, she denied that its administratively-critical tack led to her decision. Instead, she claimed that The Lion 90.7FM was only promised three years of support by Asbury, a charge Asbury himself did not contest. The station managed to stay afloat, and with charitable contributions from listeners and alumni and help from UPAC, The Lion 90.7FM maintained its position in

2173-475: The salary for a faculty adviser, which the new station had lacked since its inception. Jeff Brown, the faculty adviser, quickly moved to promote the agenda of the College of Communications - to create an exclusively co-curricular experience - without regard to the station's stated goals or charter as an extracurricular club in Student Affairs. The rocky relationship continued and reached a boiling point when

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2226-413: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title The Lion . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Lion&oldid=1231510564 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

2279-566: The station ceased operations in 1932. Today, the WPSC call letters are assigned to William Paterson University . In an effort to reestablish the tradition of student radio at Penn State, WDFM went on the air on December 6, 1953 as a result of the Senior Gift of the Class of 1951. Headquarters in 304 Sparks on the University Park campus, WDFM served its student audience for more than three decades. It changed its call letters to WPSU-FM in 1985. From

2332-435: The station lost its ability to transmit over the radio dial and was forced to accept being heard infrequently on Penn State University's House and Food Services (HFS) Channel 21 on the on-campus cable television system. The last broadcast schedule was posted on the station's website in 2005. Since that time, with limited resources, finances and student interest, WEHR ceased to function. The last staff to operate East Halls radio

2385-488: The station's FCC License, held by the Penn State Board of Trustees for another eight-year term. Faculty adviser Robert Zimmerman died on Monday, January 15, 2007, due to an allergic reaction to medication. He was 73 years old. The LION 90.7fm continued to operate, but was financially jeopardized due to high operating expenses and limited income sources. Recent graduate and former WKPS officer Christopher Buchignani

2438-555: The wedding in person. On August 13, 1998, the first webcast wedding took place, between Alan K'necht and Carrie Silverman in Toronto Canada . The first webcast teleconference wedding to date is believed to have occurred on December 31, 1998. Dale Ficken and Lorrie Scarangella wed on this date as they stood in a church in Pennsylvania, and were married by Jerry Falwell while he sat in his office in Lynchburg, Virginia . Webcasting

2491-501: The world to broadcast its signal over the internet. Translated versions including Subtitling are now possible using SMIL Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language . A webcast of a wedding may be called a wedcast ; it allows family and friends of the couple to watch the wedding in real time on the Internet . It is sometimes used for weddings in exotic locations, where it would be expensive or difficult for people to travel to see

2544-419: Was Evan Raffel as General Manager, Alex Kozak and Programming Director, Jack Greening as deejay, Michael Boyson as Treasurer and James Peters as Business Manager. East Halls radio facility was said to house potentially the largest student archive of vinyl on-campus. From 1995 until 2005, Penn State had two student-run radio stations. By 2005, only WKPS remained. Founded in the same year as WEHR, South Halls Radio

2597-459: Was a typical freeform radio station; its playlist depended on the deejay . Founded in 1972, WEHR originally broadcast from 10 Geary Hall, moving to 104 Johnston Commons sometime in the early 1980s. The station was set up to broadcast through the electric system in the dormitories of East Halls, via a carrier current, a system that failed miserably, so the station's main broadcast was through speakers into Johnston and Findlay commons. At some point,

2650-423: Was chartered as a student club under Penn State's Office of Student Affairs in order to avoid a fate similar to that of WDFM, which had been created as a subsidiary of the College of Communications. Though this move would prove problematic for the radio station in the future, it was ultimately heralded as the decision which would keep the station firmly within the students' grasp. Lacking in any professional oversight,

2703-408: Was designated the main studio, with additional offices, one of which would become The Lion's production room, allotted to the station on floor three. On October 1, 2003, the station went live from Room 9. Though the new station was smaller than the station to which the staff had become accustomed, it allowed for The LION 90.7fm to be physically independent. Live webcasts, added to the station's website

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2756-581: Was hired for substantially less to replace Jeff Brown for one year. In the summer of 2003, the College of Communications, who leased the space in the James Building, forced The LION 90.7fm to evict. [Stanley Latta, Director of Unions & Student Activities under Penn State's office of Student Affairs, authorized the station's move to the Hetzel Union Building . Room 9, right next to the HUB's large aquarium,

2809-439: Was similarly inspired by WHR. Like its sister stations serving residence halls, it existed alongside WDFM, WHR, and WEHR to serve its student audience. A growing number of students in the early 1990s, having become aware of the lack of student broadcasting options on WPSU and disillusioned with their options, decided to give student radio another try. A small group, led by Jeff Ecker, asked the university to provide funding to begin

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