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27-634: Boys are young male humans. Boys or The Boys may also refer to: Boys A boy is a young male human . The term is commonly used for a child or an adolescent . When a male human reaches adulthood, he is usually described as a man . According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary , a boy is "a male child from birth to adulthood". The word "boy" comes from Middle English boi, boye ("boy, servant"), related to other Germanic words for boy , namely East Frisian boi ("boy, young man") and West Frisian boai ("boy"). Although

54-469: A benchmark for boys to assess their peers. The adherence to these group norms often holds more weight than the mere affiliation to the group. In fact, boys who do not conform to these norms are often evaluated lower than those who, despite being strangers, conform to the group’s norms. This phenomenon underscores the powerful influence of group norms in shaping attitudes and actions, and the social implications of conformity. Boys who defy gender norms may face

81-404: A black man as "boy". During an event promoting the 2017 boxing bout between Floyd Mayweather Jr. and Conor McGregor , the latter told the former to "dance for me, boy." The remarks led several boxers – including Mayweather and Andre Ward – as well as multiple commentators to accuse McGregor of racism. Human sex is determined at fertilization when the genetic sex of the zygote

108-453: A boy develops pubic hair. A boy's testicles also begin making sperm. The release of semen, which contains sperm and other fluids, is called ejaculation. During puberty, a boy's erect penis becomes capable of ejaculating semen and impregnating a female . A boy's first ejaculation is an important milestone in his development. On average, a boy's first ejaculation occurs at age 13. Ejaculation sometimes occurs during sleep; this phenomenon

135-400: A circular muscle layer interposed between two longitudinal muscle layers), and an internal mucosal lining consisting of pseudostratified columnar epithelium (which bears the non-motile stereocilia ). The vas deferens has the greatest muscle-to-lumen ratio of any hollow organ. During ejaculation , the smooth muscle in the walls of the vas deferens contracts reflexively, thus propelling

162-415: A condition known as congenital absence of the vas deferens (CAVD, a potential feature of cystic fibrosis ), causing male infertility . Acquired obstructions can occur due to infections. To treat these causes of male infertility, sperm can be harvested by testicular sperm extraction (TESE) or microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration (MESA). The vas deferens has a dense sympathetic innervation, making it

189-415: A gene on the Y chromosome induces changes that result in the development of the testes". At approximately nine weeks' gestation, the production of testosterone by a male embryo results in the development of the male reproductive system. The male reproductive system includes both external and internal organs. The external organs include the penis , the scrotum , and the testicles (or testes). The penis

216-489: A higher risk of abuse, and may experience more depression than gender-conforming peers, as well as social stigma from parents and peers. The gender policing towards them can increase the risk of alcohol use, anxiety, and depression in adulthood. In some cultures, the birth of a male child (boy) is considered prosperous. Boys perform the majority of child labor around the world compared to girls; 88 million child laborers are boys and 64 million are girls. Boys are also

243-408: A useful system for studying sympathetic nerve function and for studying drugs that modify neurotransmission. It has been used: Most vertebrates have some form of duct to transfer the sperm from the testes to the urethra . In cartilaginous fish and amphibians , sperm are carried through the archinephric duct , which also partially helps to transport urine from the kidneys. In teleosts , there

270-399: Is a cylindrical organ filled with spongy tissue. It is the organ used by boys to expel urine . The foreskin of some boys' penises is removed in a process known as circumcision . The scrotum is a loose sac of skin behind the penis which contains the testicles. Testicles are oval-shaped gonads. A boy generally possesses two testicles. Internal male reproductive organs include the vas deferens ,

297-434: Is a distinct sperm duct, separate from the ureters , and often called the vas deferens, although probably not truly homologous with that in humans. The vas deferens loops over the ureter in placental mammals , but not in marsupial mammals . In cartilaginous fishes, the part of the archinephric duct closest to the testis is coiled up to form an epididymis . Below this are a number of small glands secreting components of

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324-467: Is continuous proximally with the tail of the epididymis, and exhibits a tortuous, convoluted initial/proximal section (which measures 2–3 cm in length). Distally, it forms a dilated and tortuous segment termed the ampulla of vas deferens before ending by uniting with a duct of the seminal vesicle to form the ejaculatory duct . Together they form part of the spermatic cord . The vasa deferentia are supplied with blood by accompanying arteries,

351-417: Is determined by whether the sperm cell contains an X or Y chromosome. If the sperm cell contains an X chromosome , the fetus will be XX and, typically, a girl will develop. A sperm cell carrying a Y chromosome results in an XY combination, and typically a boy will develop. Variations from this general rule result in intersex fetuses. In male embryos at six to seven weeks' gestation, "the expression of

378-579: Is known as a nocturnal emission . When a boy reaches puberty, testosterone triggers the development of secondary sex characteristics. A boy's muscles increase in size and mass, his voice deepens, his bones lengthen, and the shape of his face and body changes. The increased secretion of testosterone from the testicles during puberty causes the male secondary sexual characteristics to be manifested. Male secondary sex characteristics include: Boys across various age groups are often part of social circles that establish their own unique norms. These norms serve as

405-478: Is one of the main reasons why boys are preferred over girls by the rural communities in poor countries. In India , by contrast, the majority of adopted children are girls even though boys are preferred in general compared to girls. Vas deferens Vas deferens is Latin , meaning "carrying-away vessel" while ductus deferens , also Latin, means "carrying-away duct". The human vas deferens measures 30–35 cm in length, and 2–3 mm in diameter. It

432-517: Is one way by which we judge many of our present boys to be quite different from some of those who were here long ago: those that are married have their wives here with them, and build their own houses, and all are busy making their gardens. I have told all the boys that if they wished to stay here and learn, those that had wives must bring them. Multiple politicians – including New Jersey Governor Chris Christie and former Kentucky Congressman Geoff Davis – have been criticized publicly for referring to

459-402: The ejaculatory ducts , the urethra , the seminal vesicles , and the prostate gland. Puberty is the process by which children's bodies mature into adult bodies that are capable of reproduction. On average, boys begin puberty at ages 11–12 and complete puberty at ages 16–17. In boys, puberty begins with the enlargement of the testicles and scrotum. The penis also increases in size, and

486-409: The ( arteries of vas deferens ). These arteries normally arises from the superior (sometimes inferior ) vesical arteries , a branch of the internal iliac arteries . The vas deferens receives innervation from an autonomic plexus of post-ganglionic sympathetic fibres derived from the inferior hypogastric plexus . It is innervated by a variety of nerve endings , although of the efferent nerves

513-399: The apical border of the epithelia. Thus, these channels are involved concurrently in the regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance in the lumen of the vas deferens. The sperm are transferred from each vas deferens into the urethra, partially mixing with secretions from the male accessory sex glands such as the seminal vesicles , prostate gland and the bulbourethral glands , which form

540-449: The bulk of semen . Damage to the vas deferens during inguinal hernia repair may cause infertility. A vasectomy is a method of contraception in which the vasa deferentia are permanently cut. In some cases, it can be reversed. A modern variation, vas-occlusive contraception , involves injecting an obstructive material into the ductus to block the flow of sperm. The vas deferens may be obstructed, or it may be completely absent in

567-709: The exact etymology is obscure, the English and Frisian forms probably derive from an earlier Anglo-Frisian * bō-ja ("little brother"), a diminutive of the Germanic root * bō- ("brother, male relation"), from Proto-Indo-European * bhā- , * bhāt- ("father, brother"). The root is also found in Norwegian dialectal boa ("brother"), and, through a reduplicated variant * bō-bō- , in Old Norse bófi , Dutch boef "(criminal) knave, rogue", German Bube ("knave, rogue, boy"). Furthermore,

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594-440: The inguinal canal to reach the pelvic cavity ; it enters the pelvic cavity lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels . At the deep inguinal ring, the vas deferens diverges from the testicular vessels to pass medially to reach the base of the prostate posteriorly. The vas deferens consists of an external adventitial sheath containing blood vessels and nerves, a muscular middle layer composed of three layers of smooth muscle (with

621-458: The primary victims of hazardous child labor. They are mainly employed in the agriculture , construction and mining sectors. Boy workers also account for about 87 percent of those who died on the job between 2003 and 2016 in the US. Boys are given a basic reading, writing and mathematics skill and then forced to pursue their father's profession in order to alleviate financial burden of the family. This

648-470: The seminal fluid. The final portion of the duct also receives ducts from the kidneys in most species. In amniotes ( mammals , birds , and reptiles ), the archinephric duct has become a true vas deferens, and is used only for conducting sperm, never urine. As in cartilaginous fish, the upper part of the duct forms the epididymis. In many species, the vas deferens ends in a small sac for storing sperm. The only vertebrates to lack any structure resembling

675-399: The sperm forward. This is also known as peristalsis . The epithelial sodium channel ENaC is strongly expressed in smooth muscle cells of the vas deferens. It has been suggested that ENaC functions as a mechanosensor in vascular smooth muscle cells that initiate pressure‐induced constriction known as the "myogenic response". Ion channels ENaC and CFTR, aquaporin of type AQP9 are localized on

702-417: The sympathetic innveration dominates. Adrenergic junctions (those which release noradrenaline ) are found in the smooth muscle layers. Cholinergic synapses and vasoactive intestinal peptide synapses are found in the connective tissue of the mucosa . Within the spermatic cord, the vas deferens is situated posterior (and parallel to) the vessels of the spermatic cord. The vas deferens traverses

729-480: The word may be related to Bōia , an Anglo-Saxon personal name. Historically, in the United States and South Africa, "boy" was used not only for domestic servants but also more generally as a disparaging term for black men; the term implied a subservient status. Thomas Branch, an early African-American Seventh-day Adventist missionary to Nyassaland ( Malawi ) referred to the native students as "boys": There

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