123-615: Irving is a city in Dallas County, Texas , United States. It is part of the Mid-Cities region of the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex and is an inner city suburb of Dallas . Irving is noted for its racial and ethnic diversity . The city had a population of 256,684 according to the 2020 United States Census , making it the twelfth-most populous city in Texas, and the 88th most populous in
246-582: A 2020 census population of 1,304,379, it is the ninth-most populous city in the U.S. and the third-most populous city in Texas after Houston and San Antonio . Located in the North Texas region, the city of Dallas is the main core of the largest metropolitan area in the Southern United States and the largest inland metropolitan area in the U.S. that lacks any navigable link to the sea. Dallas and nearby Fort Worth were initially developed as
369-644: A Diversity Index developed by Brown University's American Communities Project. The same survey said Irving was the eighth-most diverse city at a neighborhood level (again among cities with over 200,000 residents); Irving was the highest-ranked city in Texas at the city level and behind only Garland, TX at the neighborhood level. According to the 2010 census, the racial makeup of the city was 53.1% White (30.8% non-Hispanic white ), 12.3% African American , 0.9% Native American , 14.0% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 16.2% from other races , and 3.5% from two or more races . Hispanic or Latinos of any race were 41.1% of
492-477: A car, which increased to 4.9 percent in 2016. The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. Irving averaged 1.75 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8 per household. The Las Colinas Urban Center is served by the Las Colinas APT System , a people-mover that connects businesses and entertainment areas. Irving's sister cities are: Dallas County, Texas Dallas County
615-525: A chain of premium, dollar, and drive-in theaters that stretched across North Texas and Oklahoma. Delta Air Lines Flight 191 crashed in Irving on August 2, 1985. Irving's population reached 155,037 in 1990 and the United States Census Bureau estimated 236,607 residents in 2016, a 3.5 percent population increase over 2013 census estimates. In 2000, an Oshman's Sporting Goods store was robbed by
738-458: A female householder with no husband present, and 37.5% were non-families. 30.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.31. In the city, 29% of the population was under the age of 19, 8% was between ages 20 to 24, 35.8% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 6.9% were 65 years of age or older. The median age
861-455: A global contact center provider, Zale Corporation , Fluor Corporation , Flowserve , NCH Corporation , ITW Polymers Sealants North America, Celanese Corporation , a leading producer of specialty chemicals, Vistra Energy and its subsidiary TXU Energy , McKesson Corporation , and LXI Enterprise Storage. In June 2022, Caterpillar Inc , a construction and mining equipment manufacturer, announced it would move its headquarters to Irving. The city
984-623: A group of French Socialists established La Réunion , a short-lived community, along the Trinity River in what is now West Dallas. With the construction of railroads, Dallas became a business and trading center and was booming by the end of the 19th century. It became an industrial city, attracting workers from Texas , the South, and the Midwest . The Praetorian Building in Dallas of 15 stories, built in 1909,
1107-574: A major inland port , due to the convergence of major railroad lines, interstate highways, and the construction of Dallas Fort Worth International Airport , one of the largest and busiest airports in the world. In addition, Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART) operates rail and bus transit services throughout the city and its surrounding suburbs. Dominant sectors of its diverse economy include defense , financial services , information technology , telecommunications , and transportation . The Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex hosts 23 Fortune 500 companies,
1230-703: A plan the lake's neighboring cities oppose. Dallas has a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen climate classification : Cfa , Trewartha : Cfhk ) characteristic of the Southern Plains of the United States. It also has both continental and tropical characteristics, characterized by a relatively wide annual temperature range for the latitude. Located at the lower end of Tornado Alley , it is prone to extreme weather, tornadoes, and hailstorms. Summers in Dallas are very hot with high humidity, although extended periods of dry weather often occur. July and August are typically
1353-547: A product of the construction of major railroad lines through the area allowing access to cotton , cattle , and later oil in North and East Texas . The construction of the Interstate Highway System reinforced Dallas's prominence as a transportation hub , with four major interstate highways converging in the city and a fifth interstate loop around it. Dallas then developed as a strong industrial and financial center and
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#17328525214431476-497: A robot-delivered bomb, killing Johnson inside Dallas College El Centro Campus . The shooting occurred in an area of hotels, restaurants, businesses, and residential apartments only a few blocks away from Dealey Plaza. Dallas is situated in the Southern United States , in North Texas . It is the county seat of Dallas County and portions of the city extend into neighboring Collin , Denton , Kaufman , and Rockwall counties. Many suburbs surround Dallas; three enclaves are within
1599-568: A role in front of the curtain as musicians, actors, and artists, or behind the scenes as planners, technicians, directors and more. The Irving Arts Center is a Smithsonian Affiliate. The city owns and operates four historical museums: The Jackie Townsell Bear Creek Heritage Center, The Ruth Paine House Museum, and The Mustangs of Las Colinas Museum. A fourth historical museum, the Irving Archives and Museum, opened in February, 2020. Irving serves as
1722-590: A signature building in Bank of America Plaza which is lit up in neon but falls outside the top two hundred tallest buildings in the world. Although some of Dallas's architecture dates from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, most of the notable architecture in the city is from the modernist and postmodernist eras. Iconic examples of modernist architecture include Reunion Tower , the John Fitzgerald Kennedy Memorial , I. M. Pei 's Dallas City Hall and
1845-477: A significant increase began in the 1930s. By the early 1960s the city had a population of approximately 45,000. A number of manufacturing plants operated in Irving, along with transportation , retail and financial businesses. The University of Dallas in Irving opened in 1956, and Texas Stadium was completed in 1971 as the home field of the Dallas Cowboys . The Chateau Theater opened in 1964 as part of
1968-625: A total of 312 residents according to 2019's census estimates, down from 606 in 2017. Hispanic or Latino Americans of any race made up 41.2% of the estimated population in 2019. Among the Hispanic or Latino American population in 2019, 34.6% of Dallas was Mexican , 0.4% Puerto Rican , 0.2% Cuban and 6.0% other Hispanic or Latino American. In 2017's American Community Survey estimates among the demographic 35.5% were Mexican, 0.6% Puerto Rican, 0.4% Cuban, and 5.4% other Hispanic or Latino. By 2020, Hispanic or Latino Americans of any race continued to constitute
2091-832: A variety of named districts, including the West End Historic District , the Arts District , the Main Street District , Farmers Market District , the City Center Business District , the Convention Center District , and the Reunion District . This area includes Uptown, Victory Park , Harwood, Oak Lawn, Dallas Design District , Trinity Groves , Turtle Creek , Cityplace , Knox/Henderson , Greenville , and West Village . East Dallas
2214-404: A white mob of hundreds of people lynched a black man, Allen Brooks , accused of raping a little girl. The mob tortured Brooks, then killed him at the downtown intersection of Main and Akard by hanging him from a decorative archway inscribed with the words "Welcome Visitors". Thousands of Dallasites came to gawk at the torture scene, collecting keepsakes and posing for photographs. In 1921,
2337-468: A window located on the sixth floor which today houses the Sixth Floor Museum dedicated to the late president's memory. Acts of the commissioners court are known as 'court orders'. These orders include setting county policies and procedures, issuing contracts, authorizing expenditures, and managing county resources and departments. Most importantly, the commissioners court sets the annual tax rate and
2460-451: Is November 12, and the average date of last frost is March 12. January is typically the coldest month, with an average daytime high of 56.8 °F (14 °C) and an average nighttime low of 37.3 °F (3 °C). The normal daily average temperature in January is 47.0 °F (8 °C) but sharp swings in temperature can occur, as strong cold fronts known as " Blue Northers " pass through
2583-403: Is a city in the U.S. state of Texas and the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex , the most populous metropolitan area in Texas and the fourth-most populous metropolitan area in the United States at 7.5 million people. It is the most populous city in and seat of Dallas County with portions extending into Collin , Denton , Kaufman , and Rockwall counties. With
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#17328525214432706-612: Is also home to the national headquarters of the Boy Scouts of America . The headquarters of Nokia America and NEC Corporation of America are in Irving. The American headquarters of BlackBerry was in Irving. Perhaps as a result of the Nokia-Irving connection, Irving is twinned with Nokia's headquarters city, Espoo in Finland . Irving is also the Headquarters of OSG USA INC., which
2829-641: Is centered near the intersection of 114 and the Bush turnpike. Irving is one of 13 member-cities of the Dallas region's transit agency, Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART). Currently, Irving is served by numerous bus routes and has two stops along the Trinity Railway Express commuter rail route. In addition, DART's Orange Line through runs through Irving and Las Colinas to DFW Airport. This connects northern Irving with Dallas through rail in addition to bus routes. In 2015, 4.5 percent of Irving households lacked
2952-424: Is elected county-wide, and four commissioners who are elected by the voters in each of four precincts. The Commissioners' Court is the policy-making body for the county; in addition, the county judge is the senior executive and administrative position in the county. The Commissioners' Court sets the county tax rate, adopts the budget, appoints boards and commissions, approves grants and personnel actions, and oversees
3075-554: Is home to Cistercian Preparatory School , a university-preparatory school for boys, grades 5 through 12. Irving is also home to The Highlands School , a university-preparatory school for pre-kindergarten through 12th grade. One Catholic Pre-K–8th grade school, Holy Family Catholic Academy, is in Irving. Irving is also home to the Islamic School of Irving (Pre-K–12). The Sloan School (Pre-K–5) and StoneGate Christian Academy (K4–12) are Christian private schools in Irving. The city
3198-571: Is home to many Fortune 500 companies and the Las Colinas Entertainment District. It also includes part of the Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport . Irving also includes Valley Ranch , a master-planned development . The warmest month on average is July, and the highest recorded temperature was 112 °F (44 °C) in 1980. The average coolest month is January, and the lowest recorded temperature
3321-433: Is home to many areas, neighborhoods, and communities. Dallas can be divided into several geographical areas which include larger geographical sections of territory including many subdivisions or neighborhoods, forming macroneighborhoods. Central Dallas is anchored by Downtown Dallas, the center of the city, along with Oak Lawn and Uptown , areas characterized by dense retail, restaurants, and nightlife. Downtown Dallas has
3444-518: Is land and 36 square miles (93 km ) (4.0%) is water. 3,519 acres of the county is contained within 21 county-owned nature preserves, which were acquired through the county's Open Space Program. Per the 2010 census , there were 2,368,139 people, 807,621 households, and 533,837 families residing in the county. The population density was 2,523 people per square mile (974 people/km ). There were 854,119 housing units at an average density of 971 units per square mile (375 units/km ). In 2018,
3567-473: Is surrounded by undeveloped land on all sides. Swampland and wetlands separating it from South Dallas are part of the Great Trinity Forest , a subsection of the city's Trinity River Project , newly appreciated for habitat and flood control . Dallas and its surrounding area are mostly flat. The city lies at elevations ranging from 450 to 550 feet (137 to 168 m) above sea level. The western edge of
3690-587: Is the Asian Indians . As of 2009 the Indians have mainly settled in proximity to high technology companies, into an area in western Irving along Texas State Highway 114 . To absorb the Indian population, dense condominium and rental properties have opened in western Irving. There were 82,538 households, out of which 33.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.1% were married couples living together, 13.6% had
3813-440: Is the city of Dallas , which is also Texas' third-largest city and the ninth-largest city in the United States. The county was founded in 1846 and was possibly named for George Mifflin Dallas , the 11th Vice President of the United States under U.S. President James K. Polk . According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 909 square miles (2,350 km ), of which 873 square miles (2,260 km )
Irving, Texas - Misplaced Pages Continue
3936-580: Is the second-most populous county in the U.S. state of Texas with a 2020 U.S. census count of 2,613,539, making it the ninth-most populous county in the country. Dallas County is included in the Dallas - Arlington - Fort Worth metropolitan statistical area —colloquially referred to as the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex . Municipal expansion within Dallas County has blurred the geographic lines between cities and between neighboring counties. Its county seat
4059-544: Is the North American Subsidiary of OSG Corporation in Japan. OSG is a leading provider of high end cutting tools used in industries such as automotive and aerospace. The Irving Arts Center, owned by the city, is a home for the arts, housing 10 resident arts organizations. Resident Organizations provide cultural programs for the community, and opportunities to participate in the creative process. Community members can play
4182-423: Is the location of Cedars , and Fair Park , where the annual State Fair of Texas is held from late September through mid-October. Also located here is Exposition Park, Dallas , noted for having artists, art galleries, and bars along tree-lined Exposition Avenue. South Side Dallas is a popular location for nightly entertainment. The neighborhood has undergone extensive development and community integration. What
4305-526: Is the location of Deep Ellum , an arts area close to Downtown, the Lakewood neighborhood (and adjacent areas, including Lakewood Heights , Wilshire Heights , Lower Greenville , Junius Heights , and Hollywood Heights/Santa Monica ), Vickery Place and Bryan Place , and the architecturally significant neighborhoods of Swiss Avenue and Munger Place . Its historic district has one of the largest collections of Frank Lloyd Wright -inspired prairie-style homes in
4428-646: Is the site of the University of Dallas and North Lake College , a campus of Dallas College . In addition, DeVry University has a campus in Irving. Several highways transverse Irving. The Airport Freeway, SH 183 , runs east–west in the city center, while LBJ Freeway or I-635 crosses the city's northern edge in the same direction. John Carpenter Freeway, SH 114 , and the President George Bush Turnpike create an X running northwest-to-southeast and southwest-to-northeast respectively. The Las Colinas area
4551-568: Is tricky" but that the perception of poverty, which many white families wish to avoid, is tied with race. Wilmer-Hutchins Independent School District formerly served a part of the county. In 2006 WHISD officially merged into DISD. Dallas County is served by the Dallas College system of seven community colleges . Dallas College is the designated community college for the entire county. There are two public universities in Dallas County:
4674-522: The 2019–2020 coronavirus pandemic . According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 67.7 square miles (175 km), of which 67.2 square miles (174 km) is land and 0.4 square miles (1.0 km) (0.65%) is water. Irving includes the Las Colinas planned community , a mixed-use development with a land area of more than 12,000 acres (4,856 ha) that
4797-434: The 2020 United States census , there were 256,684 people, 86,023 households, and 57,330 families residing in the city. Irving has been noted for its racial and ethnic diversity. A 2012 study by the real estate website Trulia found that Irving's 75038 zip code was the most diverse zip code in the United States, while Irving was ranked as the ninth-most diverse city in the United States with over 200,000 residents according to
4920-750: The Dallas Independent School District (DISD) opened North Lake Early College High School , which has a campus for students in grades 9–10 at North Lake South. The school is not within DISD's boundaries but DISD is allowed to operate it as such under Texas law. Uplift Education, a charter school operator, has its administrative offices in Irving. Uplift has two charter school campuses in Irving: Infinity Preparatory (K–12) and North Hills Preparatory (K–12). Winfree Academy Charter School and Manara Academy Elementary are in Irving. Irving
5043-629: The Dawson Unit , a co-gender state jail in Downtown Dallas , under contract. Federal Correctional Institution, Seagoville , is located in Seagoville . Dallas County was one of the first areas of the South to break away from a Solid South voting pattern. This coincided with the county's explosive postwar growth. It swung from a 13-point win for Democrat Harry Truman in 1948 to a 23-point win for Republican Dwight Eisenhower in 1952. For most of
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5166-629: The Morton H. Meyerson Symphony Center . Good examples of postmodernist skyscrapers are Fountain Place , Bank of America Plaza , Renaissance Tower , JPMorgan Chase Tower , and Comerica Bank Tower . Downtown Dallas also has residential offerings in downtown, some of which are signature skyline buildings. Several smaller structures are fashioned in the Gothic Revival style, such as the Kirby Building , and
5289-765: The Parkland Memorial Hospital and various health centers. The Commissioners' Court meets the first and third Tuesday at the Commissioners' Courtroom located in the Dallas County Administration Building at 411 Elm St., corner of Elm and Houston streets. The building was the headquarters of the Texas School Book Depository Company until 1970. In 1963 assassin Lee Harvey Oswald shot President John F. Kennedy from
5412-457: The U.S. Census Bureau estimated Dallas County to have a total of 2,637,772 residents, 1,027,930 housing units, and 917,276 households. By 2020, its population was 2,613,539. In 2010, the racial and ethnic makeup of the county was 53.4% White (33.12% non-Hispanic white ), 22.30% Black or African American , 0.10% Native American , 5.15% Asian , 0.06% Pacific Islander , 14.04% from other races , and 2.70% from two or more races. 38.30% of
5535-797: The University of North Texas at Dallas and the University of Texas at Dallas , of which the latter is also partially located in Collin County . Dallas Area Rapid Transit provides bus and rail service to many cities in Dallas County, with Dallas being the largest. The Trinity Railway Express , operated jointly by Dallas Area Rapid Transit and Trinity Metro , provides commuter rail service to both Dallas County and Tarrant County , connecting downtown Fort Worth with Downtown Dallas . NOTE: US 67 and US 77 are not signed fully along their routes in Dallas County. 32°46′N 96°47′W / 32.77°N 96.78°W / 32.77; -96.78 Dallas Dallas ( / ˈ d æ l ə s / )
5658-446: The neoclassical style, as seen in the Davis and Wilson Buildings. One architectural "hotbed" in the city is a stretch of historic houses along Swiss Avenue , which has all shades and variants of architecture from Victorian to neoclassical. The Dallas Downtown Historic District protects a cross-section of Dallas commercial architecture from the 1880s to the 1940s. The city of Dallas
5781-475: The southern portion of the city is predominantly black. The west and east sides of the city are predominantly Hispanic or Latino American; Garland also has a large Spanish-speaking population. North Dallas has many enclaves of predominantly white, black and especially Hispanic or Latino American residents. The Dallas area is also a major living destination for Black and African Americans primarily due to its strong and diverse economy. Between 2010 and 2020,
5904-671: The " Texas Seven ". In 2011, the Irving Convention Center at Las Colinas opened. Four years later high-school student Ahmed Mohamed was the subject of a hoax bomb incident which ignited allegations of racial profiling and Islamophobia from many media and commentators. In 2019, Irving completed its construction of an entertainment district in Las Colinas with the opening of the Westin Irving Convention Center Hotel. The entertainment district also includes
6027-408: The 1990s, Dallas County has voted more Democratic than the state of Texas as a whole. It swung from an 18-point win for George H. W. Bush in 1988 to only a two-point win in 1992 . In 1996 , Bill Clinton became only the fourth Democrat since Truman to win 40 percent of the vote. Former Governor of Texas George W. Bush managed relatively narrow wins in 2000 and 2004 , even as he easily carried
6150-414: The 2020 American Community Survey , the median income for a household in the city was $ 54,747; families had a median household income of $ 60,895; married-couple families $ 81,761; and non-families $ 45,658. In 2003–2007's survey, male full-time workers had a median income of $ 32,265 versus $ 32,402 for female full-time workers. The per capita income for the city was $ 25,904. About 18.7% of families and 21.7% of
6273-556: The Austin Chalk Formation, a limestone escarpment (also known as the "White Rock Escarpment"), rises 230 feet (70 m) and runs roughly north–south through Dallas County. South of the Trinity River , the uplift is particularly noticeable in the neighborhoods of Oak Cliff and the adjacent cities of Cockrell Hill, Cedar Hill , Grand Prairie , and Irving . Marked variations in terrain are also found in cities immediately to
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#17328525214436396-680: The Dallas area had the second-most new Black and African American residents only behind the Atlanta area and slightly above the Houston area. The notable influx of African Americans is partly due to the New Great Migration . There is a significant number of people from the Horn of Africa , immigrants from Ethiopia , Eritrea and Somalia . The Dallas–Fort-Worth metroplex had an estimated 70,000 Russian-speakers (as of November 6, 2012) mostly immigrants from
6519-521: The Dallas region, forcing temperatures below the 40 °F (4 °C) mark for several days at a time and often between days with high temperatures above 80 °F (27 °C). Snow accumulation is seen in the city in about 70% of winter seasons, and snowfall generally occurs 1–2 days out of the year for a seasonal average of 1.5 inches (4 cm). Some areas in the region, however, receive more than that, while other areas receive negligible snowfall or none at all. The all-time record low temperature within
6642-458: The Democratic margin of victory even further. She became the first Democrat to win 60% of the county's vote since Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1944 , while Donald Trump became the first Republican not to win 40% of the vote in the county since 1992. Joe Biden managed an even larger win in 2020. In 2024 though Trump did not carry the county, he received his best-ever vote share, with 38%. This
6765-602: The Irving Convention Center at Las Colinas and the Toyota Music Factory, an entertainment complex with numerous restaurants, an Alamo Drafthouse Cinema, the Texas Lottery Plaza open-air performance stage and the Pavilion at the Toyota Music Factory concert venue. On May 8, 2020, the city's local poultry plant run by Westfield, Wisconsin -based Brakebush Bros. Inc reported 40 cases of COVID-19 among its workers during
6888-849: The Irving Health Center. The United States Postal Service operates post offices in Irving. The Irving Main Post Office is at 2701 West Irving Boulevard. Other post offices in the city include Central Irving, Las Colinas, and Valley Ranch. The Irving Independent School District (IISD) serves most of Irving. Other areas are served by the Carrollton-Farmers Branch Independent School District (CFBISD), Coppell Independent School District (CISD), and Grapevine-Colleyville Independent School District . The major high schools that serve Irving are: In 2014, 3,821 of CFBISD's 26,239 students resided in Irving. In 2019
7011-564: The Metro Dallas Homeless Alliance Continuum of Care 2022 Homeless Count & Survey Independent Analysis, "approximately 1 of 3 (31%) those experiencing homelessness were found on the streets or in other places not meant for human habitation." The region surrounding Dallas is a habitat for mosquitoes, creating a pest problem for humans. Dallas and the surrounding area is sprayed regularly to control mosquito-borne diseases such as West Nile virus . Dallas's population
7134-679: The Mexican Revolution. Despite the onset of the Great Depression , business in construction was flourishing in 1930. That year, Columbus Marion "Dad" Joiner struck oil 100 miles (160 km) east of Dallas in Kilgore , spawning the East Texas oil boom . Dallas quickly became the financial center for the oil industry in Texas and Oklahoma . During World War II , Dallas was a major manufacturing center for military automobiles and aircraft for
7257-635: The Mexican president Álvaro Obregón along with the former revolutionary general visited Downtown Dallas's Mexican Park in Little Mexico ; the small park was on the corner of Akard and Caruth Street, site of the current Fairmont Hotel. The small neighborhood of Little Mexico was home to a Latin American population that had been drawn to Dallas by factors including the American Dream , better living conditions, and
7380-531: The North collide with warm, humid air streaming in from the Gulf Coast , leading to severe thunderstorms with lightning , torrents of rain, hail , and occasionally, tornadoes . Over time, tornadoes have probably been the most significant natural threat to the city, as it is near the heart of Tornado Alley . A few times each winter in Dallas, warm and humid air from the south will override cold, dry air, resulting in freezing rain or ice and causing disruptions in
7503-545: The November 2008 elections, Irving banned the sale of alcoholic beverages in stores, making it the largest in population dry suburb in North Texas. In 2004 the pro-alcohol measure failed with 63% of voters opposing the measure. In 2006, 52% voted against the measure. On the third attempt, with heavy monetary backing by retailers, voters narrowly voted in favor of the measure in 2008. People in favor of changing Irving's liquor laws saw
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#17328525214437626-442: The Trinity River southeast of Downtown Dallas. Trails along White Rock Creek are part of the extensive Dallas County Trails System. Bachman Lake , just northwest of Love Field Airport , is a smaller lake also popularly used for recreation. Northeast of the city is Lake Ray Hubbard , a vast 22,745-acre (92 km ) reservoir in an extension of Dallas surrounded by the suburbs of Garland , Rowlett , Rockwall , and Sunnyvale . To
7749-416: The U.S. Irving includes the Las Colinas mixed-use master-planned community and part of the Dallas Fort Worth International Airport . Irving was founded in 1903 by J.O. "Otto" Schulze and Otis Brown. It is believed literary author Washington Irving was a favorite of Netta Barcus Brown, and consequently the name of the town site, Irving, was chosen. Irving began in 1889 as an area called Gorbit, and in 1894
7872-503: The United States and Allied forces. Over 94,000 jeeps and over 6,000 military trucks were produced at the Ford plant in East Dallas. North American Aviation manufactured over 18,000 aircraft at their plant in Dallas, including the T-6 Texan trainer, P-51 Mustang fighter, and B-24 Liberator bomber. On November 22, 1963, United States President John F. Kennedy was assassinated on Elm Street while his motorcade passed through Dealey Plaza in Downtown Dallas. The upper two floors of
7995-540: The United States, Plano , the northern suburb of Dallas, has the 6th largest Chinese American population as of 2016. The Plano-Richardson area in particular had an estimated 30,000 Iranian Americans in 2012. With so many immigrant groups, there are often multilingual signs in the linguistic landscape . According to U.S. Census Bureau data released in December 2013, 23 percent of Dallas County residents were foreign-born, while 16 percent of Tarrant County residents were foreign-born. The 2018 census estimates determined that
8118-507: The United States. In the northeast quadrant of the city is Lake Highlands , one of Dallas's most unified middle-class neighborhoods. Southwest of Downtown lies Oak Cliff . Once a separate city founded in the mid-1800s, Oak Cliff was annexed in 1903 by Dallas. As one of the oldest areas in Dallas, the hilly North Oak Cliff is home to 5 of the 13 conservation districts in Dallas including the architecturally significant Kessler Park neighborhood and trendy Bishop Arts District . South Dallas
8241-427: The administration of county government. Each commissioner supervises a Road and Bridge District. The Commissioners' Court approves the budget and sets the tax rate for the hospital district, which is charged with the responsibility for providing acute medical care for citizens who otherwise would not receive adequate medical services. The Parkland Health & Hospital System (Dallas County Hospital District) operates
8364-449: The age of 18 living with them, 46.90% were married couples living together, 14.10% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.90% were non-families. 27.30% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.34. As of the 2010 census, there were about 8.8 same-sex couples per 1,000 households in
8487-453: The age of 18 living with them. Approximately 36.2% of households were headed by married couples living together, 57.2% had a single householder male or female with no spouse present, and 35.6% were classified as non-family households with the householder living alone. In 2010, 33.7% of all households had one or more people under 18 years of age, and 17.6% had one or more people who were 65 years of age or older. The average household size in 2020
8610-419: The air pollution in Dallas and the surrounding area comes from a hazardous materials incineration plant in the small town of Midlothian and from cement plants in neighboring Ellis County . The average daily low in Dallas is 57.4 °F (14 °C), and the average daily high is 76.9 °F (25 °C). Dallas receives approximately 39.1 inches (993 mm) of rain per year. The record snowfall for Dallas
8733-407: The area was considered part of the Mexican state of Coahuila y Tejas . In 1836, Texians , with a majority of Anglo-American settlers, gained independence from Mexico and formed the Republic of Texas . Three years after Texas achieved independence, John Neely Bryan surveyed the area around present-day Dallas. In 1839, accompanied by his dog and a Cherokee he called Ned, he planted a stake in
8856-636: The budget for Dallas County government and the courts. The commissioners also set the tax rate and budget for the Dallas County Hospital District which operates Parkland Hospital . The commissioners court has direct control over all county offices and departments not otherwise administered by a county elected official. Those departments include Dallas County Elections, Health and Human Services, Facilities Management, Parks and Open Space Program, I.T. Services, Homeland Security and Emergency Services, among others. Through their budget making powers,
8979-598: The building from which the Warren Commission reported assassin Lee Harvey Oswald shot Kennedy have been converted into a historical museum covering the former president's life and accomplishments. Kennedy was pronounced dead at Dallas Parkland Memorial Hospital just over 30 minutes after the shooting. On July 7, 2016, multiple shots were fired at a Black Lives Matter protest in Downtown Dallas , held against
9102-644: The city boundaries— Cockrell Hill , Highland Park , and University Park . According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 385.8 square miles (999.3 km ); 340.5 square miles (881.9 km ) of Dallas is land and 45.3 square miles (117.4 km ) of it (11.75%) is water. Dallas makes up one-fifth of the much larger urbanized area known as the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex , in which one quarter of all Texans live. Dallas's skyline has twenty buildings classified as skyscrapers , over 490 feet (150 m) in height. Despite its tallest building not reaching 980 feet (300 m), Dallas does have
9225-682: The city if the roads and highways become slick. Temperatures reaching 70 °F (21 °C) on average occur on at least four days each winter month. Dallas averages 26 annual nights at or below freezing, with the winter of 1999–2000 holding the record for the fewest freezing nights with 14. During this same span of 15 years, the temperature in the region has only twice dropped below 15 °F (−9 °C), though it will generally fall below 20 °F (−7 °C) in most (67%) years. The U.S. Department of Agriculture places Dallas in Plant Hardiness Zone 8b . However, mild winter temperatures in
9348-545: The city is −10 °F (−23 °C), set on February 12, 1899 during the Great Blizzard of 1899 . The temperature at nearby Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport reached −2 °F (−19 °C) on February 16, 2021, during the February 2021 North American winter storm . Spring and autumn are transitional seasons with moderate and pleasant weather. Vibrant wildflowers (such as the bluebonnet , Indian paintbrush and other flora ) bloom in spring and are planted around
9471-417: The city of Dallas had 1,304,379 residents, an increase of 106,563 since the 2010 United States census . However, as of July 1, 2022, the U.S. Census Bureau estimates that Dallas in first years since the 2020 census lost 4,835 people, leaving the city with a population of 1,299,544. There were 524,498 households at the 2020 estimates, up from 2010's 458,057 households, out of which 137,523 had children under
9594-495: The city of Dallas's foreign-born population consisted of 25.4% naturalized citizens and 74.6% non-citizens. Recognized for having one of the largest lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) populations in the nation, Dallas and the Metroplex are widely noted for being home to a vibrant and diverse LGBT community . Throughout the year there are many well-established but quite small compared to other cities LGBT events held in
9717-741: The city's history: those of France, Spain, and Mexico, the flag of the Republic of Texas, the Confederate flag, and the flag of the United States of America. In 1819, the Adams–Onís Treaty between the United States and Spain defined the Red River as the northern boundary of New Spain, officially placing the future location of Dallas well within Spanish territory. The area remained under Spanish rule until 1821, when Mexico declared independence from Spain , and
9840-491: The city. Interstate 35E parallels its path through Dallas along the Stemmons Corridor , then south alongside the western portion of Downtown and past South Dallas and Pleasant Grove, where the river is paralleled by Interstate 45 until it exits the city and heads southeast towards Houston . The river is flanked on both sides by 50 feet (15 m) tall earthen levees to protect the city from frequent floods. Since it
9963-598: The commissioners exercise indirect control over the District Attorney's office, Sheriff, District Clerk, County Clerk and County Treasurer. The commissioners also set the budget for each of the District, County, and Justice courts. Dallas County employs a commissioners court administrator who is responsible for the day-to-day management of the commissioners court and implementing the Dallas County Master Plan and
10086-400: The county. In the wider county, 27.90% of the population was under the age of 18, 10.70% was from 18 to 24, 34.40% from 25 to 44, 18.90% from 45 to 64, and 8.10% was 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 99.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.00 males. The median income for a household in the county was $ 43,324, and
10209-586: The decrease of non-Hispanic white students in Dallas County K-12 school districts from 1997 until the 2014–2015 school year. The number was 138,760 in the former and 61,538 in the latter; during 2014–2015 county charter schools had about 5,000 non-Hispanic white students. In 2016 Eric Nicholson of the Dallas Observer wrote that the bulk of white K-12 enrollment is shifting to more distant suburban areas beyond Dallas County, and that "Teasing out causation
10332-460: The directives of the commissioners court. The current commissioners court administrator is Darryl Martin who was hired by the commissioners in 2008. Dallas County operates several jail facilities. They include: The Texas Department of Criminal Justice operates the Hutchins State Jail for men in an unincorporated area adjacent to Hutchins . Corrections Corporation of America operates
10455-526: The fifth-most diverse city in the United States in 2018. Indigenous tribes in North Texas included the Caddo , Tawakoni , Wichita , Kickapoo and Comanche . Spanish colonists claimed the territory of Texas in the 18th century as a part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain . Later, France also claimed the area but never established much settlement. In all, six flags have flown over the area preceding and during
10578-560: The former Soviet Bloc . Included in this population are Russians , Russian Jews , Ukrainians , Belarusians , Moldavians , Uzbek , Kirghiz , and others. The Russian-speaking population of Dallas has continued to grow in the sector of "American husbands-Russian wives". Russian DFW has its own newspaper, The Dallas Telegraph . In addition, Dallas and its suburbs are home to a large number of Asian Americans including those of Indian , Vietnamese , Chinese , Korean , Filipino , Japanese , and other heritage. Among large-sized cities in
10701-539: The ground on a bluff located near three forks of the Trinity River and left. Two years later, in 1841, he returned to establish a permanent settlement named Dallas. The origin of the name is uncertain. The official historical marker states it was named after Vice President George M. Dallas of Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . However, this is disputed. Other potential theories for the origin include his brother, Commodore Alexander James Dallas , as well as brothers Walter R. Dallas and James R. Dallas. A further theory gives
10824-552: The headquarters city for two college athletics conferences: the Big 12 Conference and American Athletic Conference . Irving Independent School District (IISD) high schools play football and other sports at the Joy and Ralph Ellis Stadium (formerly Irving Schools Stadium). The stadium is located between Lee Britain Elementary School and Bowie Middle School at 600 E 6th St. Irving was
10947-490: The highways throughout Texas. Springtime weather can be quite volatile , but temperatures themselves are mild. Late spring to early summer also tends to be the most humid, with humidity levels frequently exceeding 75%. The weather in Dallas is also generally pleasant from late September to early December and on many winter days. Autumn often brings more storms and tornado threats, but they are usually fewer and less severe than in spring. Each spring, cold fronts moving south from
11070-481: The home of Texas Stadium , the former home stadium of the Dallas Cowboys . The stadium was demolished on April 11, 2010. The city was also formerly the site of the Cowboys training facility for over 30 years. The National Football League's Dallas Cowboys played in Irving at Texas Stadium from 1971 to 2008 , and the team maintained its headquarters in Irving's Valley Ranch neighborhood from 1985 to 2016. Prior to
11193-589: The hottest months, with an average high of 96.0 °F (36 °C ) and an average low of 76.7 °F (25 °C). Heat indices regularly surpass 105 °F (41 °C) due to elevated humidity during the summer months, making the summer heat almost unbearable. The all-time record high is 113 °F (45 °C), set on June 26 and 27, 1980 during the Heat Wave of 1980 at nearby Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport . Winters in Dallas are usually mild, with occasional cold spells. The average date of first frost
11316-436: The interest in the 2008 United States Presidential Election as a catalyst for changing the laws in their favor. In 2009 Irving had a city council that was entirely at-large. While Irving has a large population of racial minorities, the entire city council and the mayor's office, was entirely non-Hispanic White. Manny Benavidez, a resident of Irving, filed a lawsuit against the city in federal court in November 2007, saying that
11439-486: The largest ethnic group in the city proper, reflecting nationwide demographic trends. The Dallas area is a major living destination for Mexican Americans and other Hispanic and Latino American immigrants. The southwestern portion of the city, particularly Oak Cliff is chiefly inhabited by Hispanic and Latino American residents. The southeastern portion of the city Pleasant Grove is chiefly inhabited by African American and Hispanic or Latino American residents, while
11562-537: The median income for a family was $ 49,062. Males had a median income of $ 34,988 versus $ 29,539 for females. The per capita income for the county was $ 22,603. About 10.60% of families and 13.40% of the population were below the poverty line , including 18.00% of those under age 18 and 10.50% of those age 65 or over. At the 2020 American Community Survey , the median household income increased to $ 61,870. American Community Survey 2023 Data The United States Census Bureau estimated that in 2023, Dallas County’s population
11685-426: The name changed to Kit. Irving was incorporated April 14, 1914, with Otis Brown as the first mayor. By the late nineteenth century the Irving area was the site of churches , two cotton gins , a blacksmith shop and a general store. The Irving district public school system dates to the 1909 establishment of Kit and Lively schools. Population growth was slow and sometimes halting, with only 357 residents in 1925, but
11808-427: The office of Dallas County Sheriff. The last Democratic countywide administrator was D. Connally elected County Surveyor prior to the office's abolition. Democrats also won three district court benches in 2004. Two years later in 2006, Democrats swept every contested countywide race including County Judge, District Clerk, County Clerk, District Attorney and County Treasurer as well as every contested judicial seat. Since
11931-470: The past 15 to 20 years had encouraged the horticulture of more cold-sensitive plants such as Washingtonia filifera and Washingtonia robusta palms , nearly all of which died off during the February 2021 North American winter storm . According to the American Lung Association , Dallas has the 12th highest air pollution among U.S. cities, ranking it behind Los Angeles and Houston . Much of
12054-584: The police killings of two black men from other states. The gunman, later identified as Micah Xavier Johnson, began firing at police officers at 8:58 p.m., killing five officers and injuring nine. Two bystanders were also injured. This marked the deadliest day for U.S. law enforcement since the September 11 attacks . Johnson told police during a standoff that he was upset about recent police shootings of black men and wanted to kill whites, especially white officers. After hours of negotiation failed, police resorted to
12177-780: The population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. During the 2015 Texas population estimate program, non-Hispanic whites made up 713,835 of the county's residents (28.1%); non-Hispanic blacks , 565,020 (22.2%); other non-Hispanics, 197,082 (7.7%); and Hispanics and Latinos (of any race), 1,065,591 (41.9%). At the 2020 U.S. census , the racial and ethnic makeup was 27.74% non-Hispanic white, 21.61% Black or African American, 0.26% Native American, 6.94% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.38% some other race, 2.55% multiracial, and 40.48% Hispanic or Latino American of any race. The increase among people of color reflected nationwide demographic trends of greater diversification. In 2010, there were 807,621 households, out of which 35.10% had children under
12300-609: The population were below the poverty line , including 24.5% of those under age 18 and 9.4% of those age 65 or over. According to the city's 2021–2022 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the city's top employers are: Several large businesses have headquarters in Irving, including Nexstar Media Group , Aeroxchange , Caliber Home Loans, Nautilus Hyosung America, Inc. , Chuck E. Cheese , Cicis , Commercial Metals , Envoy Air (formerly American Eagle), Gruma , H.D. Vest , Kimberly-Clark , La Quinta Inns and Suites , Michaels Stores , 7-Eleven , Southern Star Concrete, Inc. , Stellar,
12423-413: The population were below the poverty line, including 33.6% of those under age 18 and 13.4% of those aged 65 or over. Per 2007's survey, the median price for a house was $ 129,600; by 2020, the median price for a house was valued at $ 252,300, with 54.4% of owner-occupied units from $ 50,000 to $ 299,999. The 2022 Point-In-Time Homeless Count found there were 4,410 homeless people in Dallas. According to
12546-646: The population. The largest group of Hispanic or Latinos were of Mexican origin , while those of Salvadoran heritage form the second largest group; in 2009 they formed 11.8% of those born outside of the United States. The Hispanic and Latino residents have moved into eastern Irving, which contains older neighborhoods than other areas of Irving. By 2020, the composition of Irving was 21.03% non-Hispanic white, 12.36% Black or African American, 0.29% Native American, 22.32% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.48% some other race, 2.34% multiracial, and 41.09% Hispanic or Latino of any race. The largest Asian American ethnic group in Irving
12669-467: The second half of the 20th century, it would be one of the most conservative urban counties in the nation, voting for the GOP at every election until 2004. The lone exception was when Texas native Lyndon B. Johnson successfully ran for a full term as president on the Democratic ticket in 1964. In the 2004 election, Democrats won their first countywide administrative office since 1986 by electing Lupe Valdez to
12792-421: The second-most in Texas and fourth-most in the United States, and 11 of those companies are located within Dallas city limits. Over 41 colleges and universities are located within its metropolitan area, which is the most of any metropolitan area in Texas. The city has a population from a myriad of ethnic and religious backgrounds and is one of the largest LGBT communities in the U.S. WalletHub named Dallas
12915-409: The state. This trend culminated in 2008 when the county swung dramatically to Barack Obama . Obama's coattails allowed Democrats to win the remaining Republican held judicial seats. Since the 2010s, Dallas County has been one of the most Democratic-leaning counties in Texas. In 2012 , Obama won Dallas County by virtually the same margin as he had done in 2008. In 2016 , Hillary Clinton increased
13038-510: The three new council members were two minority council members. The city of Irving is a voluntary member of the North Central Texas Council of Governments association, the purpose of which is to coordinate individual and collective local governments and facilitate regional solutions, eliminate unnecessary duplication, and enable joint decisions. The Parkland Health & Hospital System (Dallas County Hospital District) operates
13161-463: The ultimate origin as the village of Dallas, Moray , Scotland, similar to the way Houston , Texas, was named after Sam Houston , whose ancestors came from the Scottish village of Houston, Renfrewshire . The Republic of Texas was annexed by the United States in 1845 and Dallas County was established the following year. Dallas was formally incorporated as a city on February 2, 1856. In the mid-1800s,
13284-417: The voting system was not in compliance with the 1965 Voting Rights Act . On July 15, 2009, a federal judge ruled that Irving is required to create a new electoral system so that racial minority representatives may be voted into office. In 2010 elections, which included one at-large seat and two district-seats, three new council members were elected, replacing two incumbents and adding a newly created seat. Among
13407-473: The west in Tarrant County surrounding Fort Worth, as well as along Turtle Creek north of Downtown. Dallas, like many other cities, was founded along a river. The city was founded at the location of a "white rock crossing" of the Trinity River, where it was easier for wagons to cross the river in the days before ferries or bridges. The Trinity River, though not usefully navigable, is the major waterway through
13530-578: The west of the city is Mountain Creek Lake , once home to the Naval Air Station Dallas ( Hensley Field ) and a number of defense aircraft manufacturers. North Lake , a small body of water in an extension of the city limits surrounded by Irving and Coppell , initially served as a water source for a nearby power plant but is now being targeted for redevelopment as a recreational lake due to its proximity to Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport ,
13653-483: The world. White Rock Lake and Joe Pool Lake are reservoirs that comprise Dallas's other significant water features. Built at the beginning of the 20th century, White Rock Lake Park is a popular destination for boaters, rowers, joggers, and bikers, as well as visitors seeking peaceful respite from the city at the 66-acre (267,000 m ) Dallas Arboretum and Botanical Garden , on the lake's eastern shore. White Rock Creek feeds into White Rock Lake and then exits into
13776-506: Was 11.2 inches (28 cm) on February 11, 2010. Dallas is the ninth-most-populous city in the United States and third in Texas after the cities of Houston and San Antonio . Its metropolitan area encompasses one-quarter of the population of Texas, and is the largest in the Southern U.S. and Texas followed by the Greater Houston metropolitan area . At the 2020 United States census
13899-404: Was 2,606,358. It was also estimated that the county was 41.4% Hispanic or Latino, 26.6% Non-Hispanic White, 23.0% Non-Hispanic Black, 7.2% Non-Hispanic Asian, 0.3% Native American, 0.1% Pacific Islander, and 1.6% Non-Hispanic Multiracial. Dallas County, like all counties in Texas, is governed by a commissioners' court . This court consists of the county judge (the chairperson of the court), who
14022-484: Was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.41. In 2018, the owner-occupied housing rate was 40.2% and the renter-occupied housing rate was 59.8%. At the 2010 census, the city's age distribution of the population showed 26.5% under the age of 18 and 8.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31.8 years. In 2010, 50.0% of the population was male and 50.0% was female. In 2020, the median age 32.9 years; for every 100 females, there were 98.4 males. According to
14145-400: Was 31.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.6 males. The 2012 median income for a household in the city was $ 49,303, and the median income for a family was $ 54,755. Males had an estimated median income of $ 40,986 versus $ 36,518 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 26,970. About 13.2% of families and 16.2% of
14268-476: Was Black or African American, 0.7% American Indian and Alaska Native , 2.9% Asian, and 2.6% from two or more races ; 42.4% of the total population was of Hispanic or Latino American origin (they may be of any race). At the U.S. Census Bureau 's 2019 estimates, 29.1% were non-Hispanic White 24.3% Black and African American, 0.3% American Indian or Alaska Native, 3.7% Asian, and 1.4% from two or more races. Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islanders made up
14391-588: Was among the first skyscrapers west of the Mississippi and the tallest building in Texas for some time. It marked the prominence of Dallas as a city. A racetrack for thoroughbreds was built and their owners established the Dallas Jockey Club. Trotters raced at a track in Fort Worth, where a similar drivers club was based. The rapid expansion of population increased competition for jobs and housing. In 1910,
14514-471: Was begun in the early 2000s. The project area reaches for over 20 miles (32 km) in length within the city, while the overall geographical land area addressed by the Land Use Plan is approximately 44,000 acres (180 km ) in size—about 20% of the land area in Dallas. Green space along the river encompasses approximately 10,000 acres (40 km ), making it one of the largest and diverse urban parks in
14637-408: Was historically predominantly White (non-Hispanic Whites made up 82.8% of the population in 1930), but its population has diversified due to immigration and white flight over the 20th century. Since then, the non-Hispanic White population has declined to less than one-third of the city's population. According to the 2010 U.S. census, 50.7% of the population was White (28.8% non-Hispanic White), 24.8%
14760-497: Was likely due to his increase in Hispanic support, which was 54% in the state of Texas compared to Kamala Harris’s 44%. Dallas County has had three openly LGBT elected county officials: Lupe Valdez , elected Sheriff in 2004 and serving until 2017; Jim Foster, elected county judge in 2006, serving one term before defeat in the Democratic primary in 2010; and Gary Fitzsimmons, elected District Clerk in 2006. The following school districts serve Dallas County: White flight meant
14883-416: Was once an area characterized by high rates of poverty and crime is now one of the city's most attractive social and living destinations. Further east, in the southeast quadrant of the city, is the large neighborhood of Pleasant Grove . Once an independent city, it is a collection of mostly lower-income residential areas stretching to Seagoville in the southeast. Though a city neighborhood, Pleasant Grove
15006-468: Was rerouted in the late 1920s, the river has been little more than a drainage ditch within a floodplain for several miles above and below Downtown, with a more normal course further upstream and downstream, but as Dallas began shifting towards postindustrial society, public outcry about the lack of aesthetic and recreational use of the river ultimately gave way to the Trinity River Project , which
15129-436: Was −8 °F (−22 °C) in 1899. Irving is considered to be part of the humid subtropical region. May is the wettest month on average . At the census of 2010, there were 216,290 people, 82,538 households, and 51,594 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,218.6 inhabitants per square mile (1,242.7/km). There were 91,128 housing units at an average density of 1,356 per square mile (524/km). According to
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