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69-634: In the 1970s, Tehrik-i-Istiqlal, many prominent public figures were active members of Tehrik-i-Istiqlal including Nawaz Sharif , Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri , Allama Aqeel Turabi, Aitzaz Ahsan, Sheikh Rashid Ahmad , Javed Hashmi , Nawab Akbar Khan Bugti , Mushahid Hussain Syed , Mehnaz Rafi, Raja Nadir Pervez , Gohar Ayub Khan , Nisar Khoro, Nafees Siddiqui, Ashraf Liaqat Ali Khan, Zafar Ali Shah, Ahmed Raza Kasuri , Muhammad Iqbal Khan, Sher Afgan Niazi, Manzoor Wattoo, Musheer Pesh Imam, Syeda Abida Hussain , Syed Fakhar Imam , Raja Niaz Khan (AJK) and many others. After

138-760: A Muslim bloc. Nawaz included environmentalism in his government platform, and established the Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency in 1997. Following the imposition and passing of Resolution 660 , 661 , and 665 , Nawaz sided with the United Nations on the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait . Nawaz's government criticised Iraq for invading the fellow Muslim country, which strained Pakistan's relationships with Iraq. This continued as Pakistan sought to strengthen its relations with Iran . This policy continued under Benazir Bhutto and Pervez Musharraf until

207-429: A conservative platform and vowed to reduce government corruption. Nawaz introduced an economy based on privatisation and economic liberalisation to reverse the nationalisation by Zulfikar Bhutto, notably for banks and industries. He legalised foreign money exchange to be transacted through private money exchangers. His privatisation policies were continued by both Benazir Bhutto in the mid-1990s and Shaukat Aziz in

276-503: A continuation of the US Atoms for Peace programme. In 1993, Nawaz established the Institute of Nuclear Engineering (INE) to promote his policy for the peaceful use of nuclear energy. Nawaz suffered a major loss of political support from the co-operatives societies scandal. These societies accept deposits from members and can legally make loans only to members for purposes to the benefit of

345-446: A crucial time for Imran Khan, when many tainted politicians were joining his party. This article about a Pakistani political party or organization is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Nawaz Sharif Political views Parties Elections [REDACTED] Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif ( Urdu : میاں محمد نواز شریف ; born 25 December 1949) is a Pakistani businessman and politician who served as

414-591: A decade, he returned to politics in 2011 and led his party to victory for the third time in 2013 . In 2017, Nawaz was removed from office by the Supreme Court of Pakistan regarding revelations from the Panama Papers case . In 2018, the Pakistani Supreme Court disqualified Nawaz from holding public office, and he was also sentenced to ten years in prison by an accountability court . Since 2019, Nawaz

483-546: A former Director-General of the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), was seeking new urban leaders; he quickly promoted Nawaz, making him finance minister . In 1981, Nawaz joined the Punjab Advisory Council under Khan. During the 1980s, Nawaz gained influence as a supporter of General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq 's military government . Zia-ul-Haq agreed to return the steel industry to Nawaz, who convinced

552-574: A halt. During this time, Benazir Bhutto and the centre-left PPP remained neutral, but her brother Murtaza Bhutto exerted pressure which suspended the operation. The period of 1992–1994 is considered the bloodiest in the history of the city, with many people missing. Nawaz had campaigned on a conservative platform and after assuming office announced his economic policy under the National Economic Reconstruction Programme (NERP). This programme introduced an extreme level of

621-509: A procession organized by TeI, which was led by Asghar Khan . The demonstration, protested primarily against inflation and was held to mark a "black day" on the first anniversary of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto 's presidency. Asghar Khan described Khwaja's death as "murder in broad daylight, under the very nose of the police", as a "shocking act of gangsterism." He accused the Government of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto of aiding and encouraging armed "hooligans". At

690-451: A stable conservative government and improve overall conditions. Nawaz was sworn as prime minister on 17 February. Nawaz had formed an alliance with Altaf Hussain of the MQM which fell apart following the assassination of Hakim Said . Nawaz then removed the MQM from parliament and assumed control of Karachi while MQM was forced underground. This led Nawaz to claim an exclusive mandate, and for

759-586: Is suppression." In 1973, criticism of Prime Minister Bhutto grew further and Khan held him directly responsible for authorizing the 1970s military operations to curb nationalism in Balochistan, Pakistan . In 1974, Khan criticized the nationalization of industry in Pakistan and his party benefitted from financial support from industrialists such as Nawaz Sharif , Javed Hashmi , Shuja'at Hussain to oppose such policy measures. In 1975–76, Khan eventually supported and

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828-781: The Army Special Service Group and the Naval Special Service Group were deployed to Saudi Arabia to provide security for the Saudi royal family . Nawaz faced difficulty working with the PPP and the Mutahidda Qaumi Movement (MQM), a potent force in Karachi. The MQM and the PPP opposed Nawaz due to his focus on beautifying Punjab and Kashmir while neglecting Sindh, and the MQM also opposed Nawaz's conservatism. Although

897-475: The Election Commission of Pakistan , Nawaz is one of the wealthiest men in Pakistan, with an estimated net worth of at least Rs.  1.75 billion (equivalent to Rs.  8.9 billion or US$ 31 million in 2021). Most of his wealth originates from his businesses in steel construction. Before entering politics in the mid-1980s, Nawaz studied business at Government College and law at

966-608: The Jinnah Antarctic Station and Polar Research Cell. In 1992, Pakistan became an associate member of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research . On 28 July 1997, Nawaz declared 1997 a year of science in Pakistan and personally allotted funds for the 22nd INSC College on Theoretical Physics. In 1999, Nawaz signed the executive decree, declaring 28 May as the National Science Day in Pakistan. Nawaz made

1035-703: The National Assembly , Nawaz served as the leader of the opposition to the government of Benazir Bhutto from 1993 to 1996. He returned to the premiership after the Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) was elected in 1997 , and served until his removal in 1999 by military takeover and was tried in a plane hijacking case which was argued by Barrister Ijaz Husain Batalvi, assisted by Khawaja Sultan senior Advocate, Sher Afghan Asdi and Akhtar Aly Kureshy Advocate. After being imprisoned and later exiled for more than

1104-606: The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty if India did as well. The embargo blocked plans for a French-built nuclear power plant, so Nawaz's advisors intensively lobbied the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), which allowed China to establish CHASNUPP-I nuclear power plant and upgrade KANUPP-I . Nawaz's nuclear policy was considered less aggressive towards India with its focus on public usage through nuclear power and medicine , viewed as

1173-492: The Pakistan Muslim League led by its President M. K. Junejo . In 1988, his letter calling for support for martial law became a public matter Khan and failed to defend his multiple constituencies against the PPP's politicians when the 1988 Pakistani general elections were held. He also lost the 1988 general elections and leveled accusations on the military of financing ( Mehrangate ) the conservative Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML(N)) and PPP. He eventually took his case to

1242-666: The Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf . After retiring from the military, Air Marshal Asghar Khan in 1969 founded the Lahore-based Justice Party. By the time of the 1970 elections, he had resigned from the Justice Party to found the Tehreek-e-Istiqlal (TeI) party. Asghar Khan announced he was forming the Tehreek-e-Istiqlal (lit. Movement for Solidarity Party ) in response to Zulfikar Ali Bhutto 's announcement of

1311-621: The Prime Minister of Pakistan for three non-consecutive terms. He is the longest-serving prime minister of Pakistan, having served a total of more than 9 years across three tenures. Each term has ended in his ousting. Born into the upper-middle-class Sharif family in Lahore , Nawaz is the son of Muhammad Sharif , the founder of Ittefaq and Sharif groups. He is the elder brother of Shehbaz Sharif , who also served as prime minister of Pakistan from 2022 to 2023 and from 2024 to present. According to

1380-637: The Shariat Ordinance and Bait-ul-Maal (to help poor orphans, widows, etc.) to drive the country on the model of an Islamic welfare state . Moreover, he gave tasks to the Ministry of Religion to prepare reports and recommendations for steps taken toward Islamization. He ensured the establishment of three committees: Nawaz extended membership of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) to all Central Asian countries to unite them into

1449-511: The Supreme Court of Pakistan where the hearings of his case are still being heard by the Nisar Court of present . In 1997, Khan boycotted the 1997 Pakistani general elections . Since 1990, Khan's political image had failed to sustain any political influence in Pakistan. In 1998–99, Asghar Khan made unsuccessful attempts to merge his party's cause to Imran Khan 's PTI . In 2002, he handed over his party to his elder son, Omar Asghar Khan , who

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1518-596: The University of Punjab . In 1981, Nawaz was appointed by President Zia as the minister of finance for the province of Punjab . Backed by a loose coalition of conservatives, Nawaz was elected as the Chief Minister of Punjab in 1985 and re-elected after the end of martial law in 1988. In 1990 , Nawaz led the conservative Islamic Democratic Alliance and became the 12th prime minister of Pakistan. After being ousted in 1993, when President Ghulam Ishaq Khan dissolved

1587-504: The nationalisation by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and the PPP in the 1970s. By 1993, around 115 nationalised industries were opened to private ownership, including the National Development Finance Corporation , Pakistan National Shipping Corporation , National Electric Power Regulatory Authority , Pakistan International Airlines (PIA), Pakistan Telecommunication Corporation , and Pakistan State Oil . This boosted

1656-461: The 2000s. He also improved the nation's infrastructure and spurred the growth of digital telecommunication. Nawaz continued the simultaneous Islamization and conservatism of Pakistan society, a policy begun by Zia. Reforms were made to introduce fiscal conservatism , supply-side economics , bioconservatism and religious conservatism in Pakistan. Nawaz intensified Zia's controversial Islamization policies, and introduced Islamic laws such as

1725-637: The Armed Forces' secretive industrial conglomerate and bribing generals. While privatising industry, Nawaz took steps for intense government control of science in Pakistan , and placed projects under his authorisation. In 1991, Nawaz founded and authorised the Pakistan Antarctic Programme under the scientific directions of National Institute of Oceanography (NIO), with the Pakistan Navy 's Weapons Engineering Division, and first established

1794-727: The Avenfield and Al-Azizia Steel Mills cases. The outcome of these proceedings resulted in the acquittal of PML-N leader Nawaz Sharif on 29 November 2023 from charges related to the Avenfield Apartments references by the IHC. Nawaz was born in Lahore, Punjab , on 25 December 1949. The Sharif family are Punjabi-speaking Kashmiris . His father, Muhammad Sharif , was an upper-middle-class businessman and industrialist whose family had emigrated from Anantnag in Kashmir for business. They settled in

1863-586: The ISI, with a substantial role played by Nawaz's ally Gul. ) The alliance was led by Nawaz and Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi and opposed Benazir Bhutto 's Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) in the elections. The IJI gained a majority in Punjab, and Nawaz was re-elected as the chief minister. In December 1989, Nawaz decided to remain in the provincial Punjab Assembly rather than hold a seat in the National Assembly. In early 1989,

1932-653: The Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee General Shamim Allam and the Chief of Army Staff General Abdul Vahied Kakar forced Khan to resign from the presidency and ended the political standoff. Under the close scrutiny of the Pakistan Armed Forces, an interim and transitional government was formed and new parliamentary election was held after three months. Following 1993 elections , the PPP returned to power under Benazir Bhutto. Nawaz offered his full co-operation as Leader of

2001-405: The MQM had formed the government with Nawaz, the political tensions between liberalism and conservatism erupted into conflict by renegade factions in 1992. To end the fighting between PML-N and MQM, Nawaz's party passed a resolution to launch a paramilitary operation under command of Chief of Army Staff General Asif Nawaz Janjua . Violence erupted in Karachi in 1992 and brought the economy to

2070-549: The Opposition but soon the PPP and PML-N held parliament locked in dispute. Bhutto found it difficult to act effectively in the face of opposition from Nawaz, and also faced problems in her political stronghold of Sindh Province from her younger brother Murtaza Bhutto . Nawaz and Murtaza Bhutto formed the Nawaz-Bhutto axis and worked to undermine Benazir Bhutto's government, tapping an anti-corruption wave in Pakistan. They accused

2139-584: The PPP government attempted to unseat Nawaz through a no-confidence motion in the Punjab Assembly, which they lost by a vote of 152 to 106. The conservatives first came to power in a democratic Pakistan under Nawaz's leadership. Nawaz Sharif became the 12th prime minister of Pakistan on 1 November 1990, succeeding Benazir Bhutto. He also became head of IJI. Sharif had a majority in the assembly and ruled with considerable confidence, having disputes with three successive army chiefs . Nawaz had campaigned on

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2208-661: The Punjab". Nawaz built ties with the senior army generals who sponsored his government. He maintained an alliance with General Rahimuddin Khan , Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee . Nawaz also had close ties with Lieutenant-General (retired) Hamid Gul , the Director-General of ISI. As chief minister, Nawaz stressed welfare and development activities and the maintenance of law and order. Khan beautified Lahore, extended military infrastructure, and silenced political opposition, while Nawaz expanded economic infrastructure to benefit

2277-633: The Western-styled capitalist economics . Unemployment had limited Pakistan's economic growth and Nawaz believed that only privatisation could solve this problem. Nawaz introduced an economy based on privatisation and economic liberalisation , notably for banks and industries. According to the US Department of State, this followed a vision of "turning Pakistan into a [South] Korea by encouraging greater private saving and investment to accelerate economic growth." The privatisation programme reversed

2346-505: The Zia dictatorship. On 18 April, ahead of the 1993 Parliamentary election , Khan used his reserve powers (58-2b) to dissolve the National Assembly, and with the support of the army appointed Mir Balakh Sher as interim prime minister . Nawaz refused to accept this act and raised a challenge at the Supreme Court of Pakistan . On 26 May, the Supreme Court ruled 10–1 that the presidential order

2415-772: The Zia-loyalist Fida Group against the Prime Minister's Junejo's Pakistan Muslim League (J) . The Fida Group later took on the mantle of the PML while the Junejo Group became known as the JIP. The two parties along with seven other right-wing conservative and religious parties united with encouragement and funding from the ISI to form the Islami Jamhoori Ittehad (IJI). (The IJI received ₨ 15 million from Zia loyalists in

2484-516: The army, his own business interests, and the people of Punjab. In 1988, General Zia dismissed the government of Junejo and called for new elections. However, Zia retained Nawaz as the Chief Minister of Punjab, and until his death , continued to support Nawaz. After General Zia's death in August 1988, his political party – Pakistan Muslim League (Pagara Group) – split into two factions. Nawaz led

2553-637: The base of his support, with lesser efforts in Khyber and Balochistan provinces , and no benefits from industrialization in Sindh Province . After intense criticism from the PPP and MQM, Nawaz completed the Orangi Cottage Industrial Zone but this did not repair his reputation in Sindh. Opponents accused Nawaz of using political influence to build factories for himself and his business, for expanding

2622-548: The blame on Zulfikar Ali Bhutto for starting the second war with India in 1965 after reading a statement from Ayub Khan after meeting the latter. Khwaja Mohammed Rafique, a prominent politician who was the president of the right-wing Pakistan Unity Party and former chief of the Pakistan Democratic Party , was fatally shot by unidentified attackers in Lahore on 20 December 1972. He was on his way home after participating in

2691-612: The city's population would vote in appreciation of a retired air force official. However, Khan lost the election to the less-known politician, Khurshid Hasan Mir of the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP); the Tehrik-e-Istiqlal (TeI) generally lost the election without winning any seats for the National Assembly of Pakistan as the PPP had performed well to claim the exclusive mandate in the Four Provinces of Pakistan . After

2760-590: The controversial 1977 Pakistani general election , General Zia-ul-Haq seized power and banned political parties . Under Zia, Asghar Khan was placed under house arrest which lasted 1,603 days. Upon being released, Asghar Khan joined the newly formed Movement for the Restoration of Democracy (MRD) in 1983 and was detained by the government. In the 1990 Pakistani general election , it entered into an alliance with Pakistan Peoples Party for electoral calculus. In January 2012, Tehreek-e-Istiqlal announced merging with

2829-493: The country's first nuclear weapons tests in response to tests by India. When Western countries suspended foreign aid , Nawaz froze the country's foreign currency reserves and economic conditions worsened. The country became embroiled in conflicts on two borders and Nawaz's long-standing relationships with the military establishment fell apart, so that by mid-1999 few approved of his policies. National Assembly of Pakistan Too Many Requests If you report this error to

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2898-553: The disastrous Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 , the third war with India, Khan joined the National Assembly, only to be served in the Opposition bench led by Wali Khan of the left-winged Awami National Party .< after Yahya administration turned over the civilian government to Zulfikar Ali Bhutto as President , Khan accused Bhutto of escalating the situation that led to the creation of Bangladesh and noting that: "We are living virtually under one-party state ... The outstanding feature

2967-509: The economy but a lack of competition in bidding allowed the rise of business oligarchs and further widened the wealth gap , contributing to political instability. Former science advisor Dr. Mubashir Hassan called Nawaz's privatisation "unconstitutional". The PPP held that nationalisation policy was given constitutional status by parliament , and that privatisation policies were illegal and had taken place without parliamentary approval. Nawaz initiated several large-scale projects to stimulate

3036-479: The economy, such as the Ghazi-Barotha Hydropower Project . However, unemployment remained a challenge. In an attempt to counter this, Nawaz imported thousands of privatised Yellow-cab taxis for young Pakistanis, but few of the loans were repaid and Nawaz was forced to pay for them through his steel industry. Nawaz's projects were not evenly distributed, focusing on Punjab and Kashmir Provinces ,

3105-479: The end of a Pakistan Peoples Party procession on 29 April 1973, members of the ruling party attacked the home of Sheikh Hafiz, Vice President of Tehrik-i-Istiqlal Lahore. During the assault, his nephew, Sheikh Javed Nazir, was seriously injured and succumbed to his injuries two days later. During the nationwide 1970 Pakistani general elections , Party decided to run on the Rawalpindi's constituencies , believing that

3174-525: The first time Nawaz and the PML-N had the control of Sindh, Balochistan, Northwest Frontier, Kashmir and Punjab. With a supermajority , Nawaz's new government amended the constitution to restrict the powers of the president to dismiss governments. With the passing of the 14th amendment , Nawaz emerged as the most powerful elected prime minister in the country. Nawaz's popularity peaked in May 1998 after conducting

3243-655: The formation of the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP). The TeI was a centrist political party founded in direct opposition to the left-wing PPP, though both were opposing the Ayub administration . Despite its centerist and secular program , the TeI attracted the right-wing conservative vote bank and support from the Muttahida Majlis-e-Amals ultraconservative clergy. During the election campaign in 1969–70, Khan placed

3312-407: The general to denationalise and deregulate industries to improve the economy. Within Punjab, Nawaz privatised government-owned industries and presented development-oriented budgets to the military government. These policies raised financial capital and helped increase the standard of living and purchasing power in the province, which in turn improved law and order and extended Khan's rule. Punjab

3381-584: The government of vote rigging , immediately calling for the massive dharnas against the government. When provincial governments led the arrests of workers from the National Front, it was reported by historians that it was Khan who penned a letter to the Chairman Joint Chiefs Admiral Mohammad Shariff and Army Chief General Zia-ul-Haq reminding them of not to obey the law of their civilian superiors. Excerpts of this letter

3450-472: The government of corruption with major state corporations and slowing economic progress. In 1994 and 1995 they made a "train march" from Karachi to Peshawar, making critical speeches to huge crowds. Nawaz organised strikes throughout Pakistan in September and October 1994. The death of Murtaza Bhutto in 1996, which allegedly involved Benazir's spouse, led to demonstrations in Sindh and the government lost control of

3519-562: The late Abbas Sharif , both politicians by profession. Nawaz went to Saint Anthony High School . He graduated from the Government College University (GCU) with an art and business degree and then received a law degree from the Law College of Punjab University in Lahore . Nawaz was a cricketer in his early years, playing as an opening batsman . Peter Oborne noted that he had success at club level and that "he

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3588-520: The letter had he asked for the military to take over", and he had written it in response to a news story he read in which an Army Major had shot a civilian showing him the " V sign ". In 1983, Khan went on to join the left-wing alliance, the Movement for Restoration of Democracy (MRD) led by Benazir Bhutto , supported by the communist parties at that time. Khan was kept under house arrest at his Abbottabad residence from 16 October 1979 to 2 October 1984 and

3657-570: The membership. However, mismanagement led to a collapse affecting millions of Pakistanis in 1992. In Punjab and Kashmir, around 700,000 people lost their savings, and it was discovered that billions of rupees had been granted to the Ittefaq Group of Industries  – Nawaz's steel mill. Although the loans were hurriedly repaid, Nawaz's reputation was severely damaged. Nawaz had developed serious issues of authority with conservative President Ghulam Ishaq Khan, who had raised Nawaz to prominence during

3726-519: The nuclear weapons and energy programme one of his top priorities. He expanded the nuclear energy program, and continued an atomic programme while following a policy of deliberate nuclear ambiguity . This resulted in a nuclear crisis with the United States which tightened its embargo on Pakistan in December 1990 and reportedly offered substantial economic aid to halt the country's uranium enrichment programme. Responding to US embargo, Nawaz announced that Pakistan had no atomic bomb, and would sign

3795-454: The province. Benazir Bhutto became widely unpopular across the country and was ousted in October 1996. By 1996, continuous large-scale corruption by the government of Benazir Bhutto had deteriorated the country's economy, which was nearing failure. In the 1997 parliamentary elections , Nawaz and the PML-N won an overwhelming victory, with an exclusive mandate from across Pakistan. It was hoped that Nawaz would deliver on promises to provide

3864-491: The regular captain, because Nawaz opened the innings with minimal protection against one of the most feared fast bowling attack. Nawaz Sharif's wife Kulsoom had two sisters and a brother. From her maternal side, she was the maternal granddaughter of the wrestler The Great Gama (Ghulam Mohammad Baksh Butt). She married Nawaz Sharif in April 1970. The couple have four children: Maryam , Asma, Hassan and Hussain. Nawaz suffered financial losses when his family's steel business

3933-439: The removal of Saddam Hussein in 2003. Nawaz raised the issue of Kashmir in international forums and worked toward a peaceful transfer of power in Afghanistan to curb the rampant trading of illicit drugs and weapons across the border. Nawaz challenged former Chief of Army Staff General Mirza Aslam Beg over the 1991 Gulf War . Under the direction of Beg, Pakistan Armed Forces participated in Operation Desert Storm and

4002-511: The village of Jati Umra in Amritsar district , Punjab, at the beginning of the twentieth century. His mother's family came from Pulwama . After the creation of Pakistan in 1947, Nawaz's parents migrated from Amritsar to Lahore. His father followed the teachings of the Ahl-i Hadith . His family owns Ittefaq Group , a multimillion-dollar steel conglomerate, and Sharif Group , a conglomerate with holdings in agriculture, transport and sugar mills. He has two younger brothers: Shehbaz Sharif and

4071-445: Was a cabinet minister in the early Musharraf administration . After his son's mysterious death in 2002, Khan joined the National Democratic Party in 2004, which he remained part of until 2011. On 12 December 2011, Asghar Khan announced his full support of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) and Imran Khan . He praised Imran Khan for his struggle and endorsed him as the only hope left for the survival of Pakistan. This endorsement came at

4140-403: Was appropriated under the nationalisation policies of former prime minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto . Nawaz entered politics as a result, initially focused on regaining control of the steel plants. In 1976, Nawaz joined the Pakistan Muslim League (PML), a conservative front rooted in the Punjab province. In May 1980, Ghulam Jilani Khan , the recently appointed military governor of Punjab and

4209-500: Was in London for medical treatment on bail. He was also declared an absconder by a Pakistani court, however, the Islamabad High Court (IHC) granted him protective bail till October 24 in the Avenfield and Al-Aziza cases. In 2023, after four years of exile, he returned to Pakistan. In a legal proceeding, a division bench, consisting of Islamabad High Court (IHC) Chief Justice Aamir Farooq and Justice Miangul Hasan Aurangzeb, adjudicated Nawaz Sharif's appeals challenging his sentences in

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4278-404: Was instrumental in forming the National Front , a massive nine-party conservative alliance, and was said to be determined to oust Bhutto and his party from the government and power. The party participated in the 1977 Pakistani general election on previous constituency but lost the elections to less-known politicians, much to his surprise. The party refused election results and leveled charges on

4347-423: Was later published by the historians as Khan later asking the military to renounce their support for the "Illegal regime of Bhutto", and asked the military leadership to "differentiate between a "lawful and an unlawful" command... and save Pakistan.". To the historians and observer, the letter was a pivot for the military to engage in establishing martial law against Prime Minister Bhutto in 1977. party leader khan

4416-414: Was lost [...] even after [Bhutto's] terrible end , Nawaz publicly refused to forgive the soul of Bhutto or the Pakistan Peoples Party ." In 1985, Khan nominated Nawaz as Chief Minister of Punjab, against the wishes of Prime Minister Muhammad Khan Junejo . With the backing of the army, Nawaz secured a landslide victory in the 1985 elections . Because of his popularity, he received the nickname "Lion of

4485-399: Was named a prisoner of conscience by Amnesty International . In 1986, Khan left the MRD, which was under the influence of the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) and Awami National Party (ANP), and had paving a way for the Bhuttoism which had irked Khan. His decision of boycotting the non-partisan 1985 Pakistani general election eventually led to many of his party's key member defecting to

4554-409: Was proud of his first-class record", having been part of the highly rated Pakistan Railways team in 1973–1974. Years later, when he was a well-known politician, he'd play in warm-up matches, for Lahore Gymkhana against England and as temporary captain of the national team against the West Indies , both just before the 1987 World Cup . Due to the West Indies match he'd surprise Imran Khan , then

4623-440: Was reportedly offered a cabinet post in the Zia administration but he declined to serve. After the imposing of martial law by the bloodless 5 July 1977 Operation Fair Play coup by the Army Chief, General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq , Khan began opposing the Zia administration and called for support for restoring democracy . On television interviews with news channels, Khan strongly defended his letter as according to him, "nowhere in

4692-455: Was the richest province and received more federal funding than the other provinces of Pakistan , contributing to economical inequality . Nawaz invested his wealth in Saudi Arabia and other oil-rich Arab countries to rebuild his steel empire. According to personal accounts and his time spent with Nawaz, American historian Stephen P. Cohen states in his 2004 book Idea of Pakistan : "Nawaz Sharif never forgave Bhutto after his steel empire

4761-474: Was unconstitutional, that the president could dissolve the assembly only if a constitutional breakdown had occurred and that the government's incompetence or corruption was irrelevant. ( Justice Sajjad Ali Shah was the only dissenting judge; he later became 13th Chief Justice of Pakistan . ) Issues of authority continued. In July 1993, under pressure from the armed forces, Nawaz resigned under an agreement that also removed President Khan from power. Chairman of

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