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30-447: As a province, Talca is a second-level administrative division of Chile, governed by the regional delegate of Maule Region who is appointed by the president . The province comprises ten communes, each governed by a municipality consisting of an alcalde and municipal council . To the east the Andean slopes cover a considerable part of its territory, and in the west another large area

60-631: A governor ( gobernador ), appointed by the President of the Republic . It exercises its powers in accordance with the instructions from the regional intendant. It is advised by the Provincial Economic and Social Council ( Consejo Económico y Social Provincial or CESPRO). The only exception is the Santiago Province , which makes no provision for a provincial governorate in its regulations. Instead,

90-419: A communal council ( Consejo Comunal ), elected directly for a period of 4 years renewable. Municipalities represent the decentralization of central power. They are advised by an Economic and Social Communal Council ( Consejo Económico y Social Comunal or CESCO), composed of representatives from the most important of the community's organizations and activities. There are 346 communes and 345 municipalities, as

120-470: A considerable impact on the native population and culture, which suffered a rapid and profound disintegration. Chief among the reasons was the Spanish Crown's granting of gifts of land to its colonists. In addition, the institution of a system of encomiendas , only abolished by the end of the 18th century, had irreversible consequences. It represented first the appropriation of indigenous ground, and second

150-428: A population density of 35.5/km (92/sq mi). Between the 1992 and 2002 censuses, the population grew by 12.4% (39,015 persons). Administrative divisions of Chile The administrative division or territorial organization of Chile exemplifies characteristics of a unitary state . State administration is functionally and geographically decentralized, as appropriate for each authority in accordance with

180-662: Is calculated for 2005 as 0.9%. Life expectancy is exactly the Chilean national average, which is the highest national life expectancy in Latin America : 80 years on average, 78 for men and 82 for women. The area has an average household income of $ 29,062 in PPP US dollars (2000). The population tends to be concentrated evenly between the heart of the city and the suburbs, due to government promotion of populating urban centers in high-rise buildings by offering state subsidies, thereby avoiding

210-582: Is covered by the Chilean Coast Range . Between these is the central valley of Chile. The mountainous parts are well wooded, and the intermediate plain, which is rolling and slopes gently to the south, is fertile. According to the 2002 census by the National Statistics Institute ( INE ), the province spans an area of 9,937.8 km (3,837 sq mi) and had a population of 352,966 inhabitants (174,734 men and 178,232 women), giving it

240-418: Is made up of an extremely fertile, level prairie that the locals call la Depresión intermedia ( Intermediate Depression ). The terrain is known for its low elevation in relation to sea level and for being surrounded by hills, as well as emergent so-called island hills , such as Santa Lucía (an ancient extinct volcano), Blanco, and Renca , present today in the city of Santiago . There is some occurrence of

270-475: Is one of the six provinces of the Santiago Metropolitan Region (RM) of central Chile . It encompasses the majority of the population of that region, including 31 of the 36 communities of Greater Santiago . The province spans 2,030.30 km (1,262 mi). As a province, Santiago is a second-level administrative division of Chile. As its capital is also the regional capital, the duties of

300-529: The Interior , National Defense , Foreign Affairs and Secretary General of the Presidency ) are devolved to regional level, being represented by regional ministries, integrating the so-called "regional cabinet," chaired by the regional intendent. The political and administrative division of Chile has had four major periods: before 1833, from 1833 to 1925, from 1925 to 1976 and from 1976 onwards. Before 1974, Chile

330-602: The endangered Chilean Wine Palm , Jubaea chilensis within the Santiago Province; this iconic tree of central Chile had a much larger range prehistorically, before the decimation of much of its habitat by the expanding human population . Before the Iberian conquest, the central zone of Chile was sparsely inhabited by an indigenous population of Picunches , the northern branch of the Mapuches . The European occupation had

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360-405: The climate more continental. This situation becomes apparent when comparing precipitation from a coastal location such as Valparaíso (460 mm) with that of Santiago de Chile (360 mm). The annual median precipitation reaches 367 mm on average. The annual median temperature comes out to 13.5 °C, with a median high of 21 °C and a median low of 6 °C. Most of the province

390-529: The creation of the Marga Marga Province gave Chile a new total of 56 provinces. Chile is administratively divided into: The regional government is headed by a popularly elected governor and a regional presidential delegation, who represents the President of Chile in the region. The government and administration of each province lies in the provincial governorate ( Gobernación Provincial ), headed by

420-604: The end of 2004. The tolls for uctronic payment system called Televía or TAG . Vehicles must carry TAG devices to use the highways. The main highways in Santiago province are: The province's railroads are a vital form of daily mass transit . They are operated by the state agency EFE . It provides a continuous railroad between the cities of Valparaíso in Valparaíso and Puerto Montt in Los Lagos . The trains of Metrotrén connect

450-474: The fifth region of Valparaíso. In addition, it connects the towns of Casablanca and Curacaví . The toll highway, consisting of two- and three-lane sections of well-maintained pavement, extends for 115 kilometers. The "Highway of the Sun" is a toll road that links Santiago with San Antonio, and from there connects to other coastal towns including Llolleo , Cartagena , El Quisco , and Algarrobo . It also connects to

480-593: The first few years of the 21st century. The "secondary" or industrial sector contributes 21% of the region's GDP . Finally, the tertiary or service sector fluctuates around 76% of regional GDP. This province stands out for its industrial predominance, but most of all, for its service sector. Industry is widely diverse and along with Valparaíso and Biobío regions, it is one of the country's three industrial pillars. Machinery and electronic equipment, leather, food processing, chemical and metallurgical industry are Santiago Province's most important industries. The predominance of

510-537: The kilometers of the "Central Highway", the Chilean portion of the Panamerican Highway is in Santiago Province. This Kilometer Zero falls at the intersection with the Alameda del Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins . The highway, nicknamed "Norte-Sur" ("North-South"), consists of quality pavement and two- and three-lane roads. This route links Santiago with Valparaíso, Viña del Mar , and the summer resorts and beaches in

540-409: The kind called continental . Precipitation is concentrated in the winter months, generally as snow over 1000 m above sea level and, in colder years, over the city of Santiago. Winter tends to be cold with frequent frosts during which temperature drops below 0 °C. The summer months are usually dry and hot. The Cordillera de la Costa acts as a climate screen and reduces marine influence, which makes

570-528: The law. For the interior government and administration within the State, the territory of the republic has been divided into 16 regions ( regiones ), 56 provinces ( provincias ) and 346 communes ( comunas ) since the 1970s process of reform, made at the request of the National Commission on Administrative Reform ( Comisión Nacional de la Reforma Administrativa or CONARA). State agencies exist to promote

600-545: The more central Melipilla , Talagante , El Monte , Padre Hurtado and Peñaflor . Route 78 extends 110 kilometers. This 40 kilometer route joins Santiago with the winter resort towns of Farellones and Valle Nevado . This route connects Santiago and the province of Puente Alto with Cajón del Maipo . It extends roughly 70 km to its termination in the town of El Volcán. Other important highways in Santiago province are its network of Autopistas Urbanas (urban highways). Santiago's first toll roads began to operate near

630-3326: The municipality of Cabo de Hornos manages the grouping of communities of Cape Horn and Antártica . There are proposals to create a number of new communities to be studied by the Secretariat of Regional and Administrative Development ( Subsecretaría de Desarrollo Regional y Administrativo or SUBDERE ). Arica Camarones General Lagos Putre Camiña Colchane Huara Pica Pozo Almonte Iquique Alto Hospicio María Elena Tocopilla Calama Ollagüe San Pedro de Atacama Antofagasta Mejillones Sierra Gorda Taltal Chañaral Diego de Almagro Copiapó Caldera Tierra Amarilla Vallenar Freirina Huasco Alto del Carmen Andacollo Coquimbo La Higuera La Serena Paiguano Vicuña Ovalle Río Hurtado Monte Patria Combarbalá Punitaqui Illapel Salamanca Los Vilos Canela La Ligua Cabildo Zapallar Papudo Petorca Los Andes San Esteban Calle Larga Rinconada San Felipe Llaillay Putaendo Santa María Catemu Panquehue Quillota La Calera Nogales Hijuelas La Cruz Valparaíso Viña del Mar Concón Quintero Puchuncaví Casablanca Juan Fernández Quilpué Limache Olmué Villa Alemana Algarrobo El Quisco El Tabo Cartagena San Antonio Santo Domingo Codegua Coínco Coltauco Doñihue Graneros Las Cabras Machalí Malloa Olivar Peumo Pichidegua Quinta de Tilcoco Rancagua Requínoa Rengo Mostazal San Vicente de Tagua Tagua Chépica Chimbarongo Lolol Nancagua Palmilla Peralillo Placilla Pumanque San Fernando Santa Cruz La Estrella Litueche Marchigüe Navidad Paredones Pichilemu Curicó Hualañé Licantén Molina Rauco Romeral Sagrada Familia, Chile Teno Vichuquén Talca San Clemente Pelarco Pencahue Maule San Rafael Curepto Constitución Empedrado Río Claro Linares San Javier de Loncomilla Parral Villa Alegre Longaví Colbún Retiro Yerbas Buenas Cauquenes Chanco Pelluhue Cobquecura Coelemu Ninhue Portezuelo Quirihue Ránquil Treguaco Bulnes Chillán Chillán Viejo El Carmen Pemuco Pinto Quillón San Ignacio Yungay Coihueco Ñiquén San Carlos San Fabián San Nicolás Alto Biobío Antuco Cabrero Laja Los Ángeles Mulchén Nacimiento Negrete Quilaco Quilleco San Rosendo Santa Bárbara Tucapel Yumbel Concepción Coronel Chiguayante Florida Hualpén Hualqui Lota Penco San Pedro de la Paz Santa Juana Talcahuano Tomé Arauco Cañete Contulmo Curanilahue Lebu Los Álamos Tirúa Angol Collipulli Curacautín Ercilla Lonquimay Los Sauces Lumaco Purén Renaico Traiguén Victoria Santiago Province, Chile Santiago Province ( Spanish : Provincia de Santiago )

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660-484: The number of males is 92.6% that of females. The population density is the highest in Chile, with 2,999.4 inhabitants/km ; the most densely populated comuna is that of Lo Prado and the most populous is La Florida , a suburb of the capital. In 2002, there were 4,658,687 persons living in urban areas and 9,786 persons living in rural areas , classifying 99.79% of the population as urban. The annual population growth rate

690-516: The outlying suburbs with the capital. Another important mode of transportation in the city is the Santiago Metro , a subway system. The five train lines carry an average of one million people daily, making the metro one of the leading means of transportation in the entire country. In one year, the metro services over 360 million people. Both the metro and the railroad system are considered the most modern in Latin America . The Transantiago bus system

720-556: The position corresponds to the intendant of the Metropolitan Region of Santiago . In January 2001, the Provincial Delegation of Santiago was created with the position of a Provincial Delegate, who exercises the functions of a provincial governor on behalf of the respective intendant. The local administration of each commune or group of communities resides in the municipality ( municipalidad ), consisting of an alcalde and

750-495: The practice of Spaniards receiving groups of natives who had to pay tribute. Over time, in the Province, as in the whole country, cultural identity became predominantly European in character, with minor hints of native character, thus setting in motion a process of homogenization of the population. According to the census of 2002, Santiago Province has 4,668,473 inhabitants, of whom 2,244,497 are male and 2,423,976 female, meaning that

780-412: The progressive extension of Greater Santiago . Santiago Province's economic activity produces about 30% of the country's total income; a high number due to both having the capital of the country within its area and to its central location. The "primary" or agricultural sector represents less than 3.5% of the economic activity according to the census, a figure that has remained virtually unchanged during

810-409: The provincial delegate are instead carried out by the regional delegate of the Santiago Metropolitan Region who is appointed by the president. The province comprises 32 communes ( Spanish : comunas ), each governed by a municipality consisting of an alcalde and municipal council . The climate of the Santiago Province, and generally of the Metropolitan Region is temperate Mediterranean cold, of

840-475: The service sector can be explained by the activity from the following industries, among others: electricity , gas , water , construction, commerce, transportation and communication, financial services, housing, education, health, and public administration. Because Santiago Province includes the city of Santiago , the network of roads are important elements in the province's transportation system. The principal north-south routes are: The basepoint for numbering

870-460: The strengthening of its regionalization, equitable development and solidarity between regions, provinces and communes within the nation. Since 2005, the creation, abolition and designation of regions, provinces and communes, the altering of their boundaries, and the establishment of the regional and provincial capitals are part of constitutional law. The Ministries of Chile (except the Ministries of

900-482: Was divided into: In October 2007, two new regions came into force: The I Tarapacá Region was divided laterally to create XV Arica and Parinacota Region to the north, and similarly, the X Los Lagos Region was split to create XIV Los Ríos Region to its north. Also there are plans to create a joint region between the provinces of Linares and Cauquenes by splitting the VII Maule Region . On March 11, 2010,

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