The Szeleta Culture is a transitional archaeological culture between the Middle Paleolithic and the Upper Palaeolithic , found in Austria , Moravia , northern Hungary , and southern Poland . It is dated to 44,000 to 40,000 years ago, a period when both Neanderthals and modern humans were present in Europe. Most experts think that it is a Neanderthal culture, but the issue is debated. It is named after Szeleta Cave in the Bükk Mountains in Hungary .
5-765: It was preceded by the Bohunician (48,000–40,000 BP ), and is roughly contemporary with the Aurignacian (43,000–26,000 BP ) in France, and the Uluzzian (45,000–37,000 BP ) in Italy. It was succeeded by the Gravettian (33,000–21,000 BP ). The initial excavation of the Szeletian cave was carried out from 1906 to 1913 by Ottocar Kadić. The idea of a distinctive Szeletian culture was advocated by
10-562: The Szeletian (centered on the Bükk Mountains of Hungary but also present in southern Poland) and the Uluzzian (Italy). Bohunician assemblages are considered similar to Emiran and Ahmarian ones and Bohunician culture may be linked to them. For this reason, it is thought likely that the Bohunician indicates the presence of anatomically modern humans , but this has not been corrobated by
15-592: The Czechoslovak archaeologist František Prošek (1922–1958). It has been called the most original and also the most aboriginal Upper Palaeolithic culture in Central Europe. The findings are often interpreted in terms of the contemporaneity of Neanderthal and modern man, "as the product of acculturation at the boundary of Middle and Upper Paleolithic." The lithic industry is characterized by: Later assemblages contain endscrapers and retouched blades. In addition to
20-675: The Szeletian cave in Hungary, assemblages have been found in Dzierzyslaw and Lubotyń (Poland), at Čertova Pec in Slovakia, and at Pod Hradem (Moravia). Bohunician Fertile Crescent : Europe : Africa : Siberia : The Bohunician industry was a paleolithic archeological industry in South-Central and Eastern Europe . The artifacts assigned to this culture are dated between roughly 48,000 and 40,000 years ago. They were found at
25-588: The type site of Brno -Bohunice, Stránská skála ( Moravia ), Bacho Kiro and Temnata Cave ( Bulgaria ), Dzierzyslaw ( Poland ), and others. The Bohunician is "transitional" between the Mousterian and the Aurignacian , and thus a candidate for representing the first wave of anatomically modern humans in Europe . Its technology resembles the Mousterian Levallois technique , as do the contemporary assemblages of
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