The Swartzentruber Amish are one of the largest and most conservative subgroups of Old Order Amish . The Swartzentruber Amish are considered a subgroup of the Old Order Amish , although they do not fellowship or intermarry with more liberal Old Order Amish. They speak Pennsylvania German as their mother tongue as well as English (with outsiders).
42-621: The Swartzentruber Amish formed as a result of a division that occurred among the Amish of Holmes County, Ohio , in the years 1913–1917. The bishop who broke away was Sam E. Yoder. The Swartzentruber name was applied later, named after bishop Samuel Swartzentruber who succeeded him. In 1932, a split among the Swartzentrubers resulted in the formation of the Troyer Amish in Wayne County, Ohio . In
84-413: A fine for refusing to display an orange reflective triangle on their horse-drawn carriages. Swartzentruber Amish normally do not allow teenagers to leave the community during rumspringa , although most of them allow teenagers to "court" in order to find a marriage partner, which includes hugging in a bed while being fully clothed and rocking in a chair together. As with other conservative affiliations,
126-539: A growth of 171 percent. In 1936 there were three Swartzentruber church districts and in 1957, five, with approximately 200 families. In 1944 a settlement was founded in Ethridge, Tennessee , which had ten church districts around 2013 with a population of 1,520 people. It is the largest Amish settlement in the South. The settlement near Lodi and Homerville , Ohio , which was founded in 1952 had 14 church districts around 2013 with
168-571: A population of 2,148 people. In 1975 the settlement near Heuvelton, New York , was founded, that had 12 church districts around 2013 with a population of 1,671 people. As of 2000, the Swartzentruber Amish had 64 districts, 3,165 members, a total population of 7,101 in 12 states with 33 districts in Ohio alone. There are nineteen districts of Swartzentruber in Holmes County and Wayne County , where
210-505: Is an important part of the economy. In 2017, Holmes County was the second most popular tourist destination in Ohio. Tourism is centered on the Amish community, which makes up almost half the county's population, the highest density in the world. Prior to 1944 , Holmes County was a stronghold of the Democratic Party in presidential elections, with every Democratic presidential candidate from 1856 to 1940, except for Al Smith , carrying
252-631: Is the main and original affiliation, the Swartzentruber Amish with three subgroups, that originated in 1917 in Holmes County, are the most conservative Amish in Holmes county. There are also Andy Weaver Amish (formed 1952), Stutzman-Troyer Amish, Old Order Tobe Amish and Roman Amish on the conservative side, whereas the New Order Amish (formed in the early 1960s), the New Order Tobe Amish
294-471: Is water. As of the 2020 United States Census , the population of Holmes County was 44,223 with 14,580 households. Its racial makeup was 97.43% White, 0.278% Black, 0.145% Asian, 0.081% American Indian and Alaska Native, and 0.308% others alone (including Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander), and 1.755% belonged to two or more races. As of the 2010 United States Census , there were 42,366 people, 12,554 households, and 10,035 families living in
336-490: The 2000 census , almost 36% of the population speak either Pennsylvania German or German at home, and a further 7% speak "Dutch", i.e. Pennsylvania Dutch. 42.92% of the total population and 50.28% of the children in 5-17 age range uses German/Pennsylvania German or "Dutch" at home. The Amish community in Holmes County established in 1808, had a 17,654 adherents in 2010, or 41.7% of the county's population. Religion in Holmes County, according to ARDA (2020) Tourism
378-476: The United States Census Bureau , the town has a total area of 1.2 square miles (3.1 km ), all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 536 people, 210 households, and 153 families residing in the town. The population density was 457.8 inhabitants per square mile (176.8/km ). There were 245 housing units at an average density of 209.2 per square mile (80.8/km ). The racial makeup of the town
420-458: The Wall Street Crash of 1929 and the gradual supplanting of rail traffic by vehicle traffic in later years. Ethridge was incorporated in 1973, and is known for its concentration of Swartzentruber Amish . Ethridge is located at 35°19′16″N 87°18′8″W / 35.32111°N 87.30222°W / 35.32111; -87.30222 (35.321229, -87.302304). The town is situated at
462-546: The census of 2000, there were 38,943 people, 11,337 households, and 9,194 families living in the county. The population density was 92 people per square mile (36 people/km ). There were 12,280 housing units at an average density of 29 units per square mile (11/km ). The racial makeup of the county was 99.03% White , 0.33% Black or African American , 0.06% Native American , 0.06% Asian , 0.01% Pacific Islander , 0.13% from other races , and 0.40% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.75% of
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#1732844859816504-416: The 2000 census. Ethridge began as a railroad stop known as Hudson Springs, which stood a few miles south of the present site of the town, in the 1880s. A political booster and store owner at the stop successfully petitioned the railroad to name the stop in honor of Emerson Etheridge , a prominent mid-19th century politician and post-Civil War candidate for governor. The current site of Ethridge, meanwhile,
546-469: The Amish and provides an illustrated history for visitors in its 10-foot-by-265-foot mural. The overall Amish population of the area, centered on Holmes County, is the largest Amish community in the world. Called locally "Amish Country", it draws many visitors to the county, thus making tourism an important sector of the local economy. In Holmes County Amish Settlements there are several Old Order Amish affiliations. The Holmes Old Order Amish affiliation
588-493: The Amish's tendency to abstain from politics. CDP = Census-designated place UIC = Unincorporated community Holmes County Airport ( FAA LID : 10G ) located two miles southwest of Millersburg. A large Amish community of about 36,000 exists in Northeast-Central Ohio, centered on Holmes County and extending into surrounding counties. The Holmes Old Order Amish affiliation , with 140 church districts out of 221 in
630-578: The Holmes County Amish settlement in 2009, is the main and dominant Amish affiliation. Holmes County houses the highest percentage of Amish of any U.S. county, currently 42 percent of the population, and experts speculate that by 2027, Holmes County could become the first county in the US where more than half the residents were Amish. The Amish & Mennonite Heritage Center in Berlin explains traditional ways of
672-833: The Mose Miller/Isaac Keim group; and the Andy Weaver group. The Swartzentruber Andy Weaver group should not be confused with the Old Order Andy Weaver group. In this three-way split, the Andy Weaver group is the most conservative, while the Joe Troyer group is at the other end of the spectrum, leaving the Mose Miller group somewhere in between. Riding in cars is prohibited among the Swartzentruber Amish, except in emergencies, whereas average Old Order Amish are allowed to use cars as long as they do not own them. Swartzentrubers are
714-559: The New Order Amish Christian Fellowship are on the more progressive side. Holmes County is home of more Amish affiliations than any other place in the world. 40°34′N 81°56′W / 40.56°N 81.93°W / 40.56; -81.93 Ethridge, Tennessee Ethridge is a town in Lawrence County , Tennessee , United States. The population was 465 at the 2010 census, down from 536 at
756-459: The Old Order contain either gravel or paving to keep out the mud. The roofs of the houses and outbuildings are often made of tin . The clothing differs from that of the other Old Order Amish in subtle ways: all colors are dark and somber rather than the bright blues and mauves; more common is navy, dark burgundy, and even gray. The dresses of the women, rather than reaching mid-calf, usually reach to
798-468: The Swartzentruber tend to have more children than the average Old Order Amish. In one sample that Kraybill et al. give, the average number of children born to Swartzentruber women was 9.3. Combined with a high rate of retention concerning their youth, the Swartzentruber have one of the highest growth rates among all Old Order Amish. Between 1991 and 2010 the number of church districts grew from 38 to 103,
840-465: The county and declared martial law . Stephen E. Towne in 2019 using archival records argues that many of the resisters belonged to secret organizations that opposed Union tactics to defeat the Confederacy. According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 424 square miles (1,100 km ), of which 423 square miles (1,100 km ) is land and 1.4 square miles (3.6 km ) (0.3%)
882-453: The county was $ 36,944, and the median income for a family was $ 40,230. Males had a median income of $ 28,490 versus $ 20,602 for females. The per capita income for the county was $ 14,197. About 10.50% of families and 12.90% of the population were below the poverty line , including 17.40% of those under age 18 and 13.30% of those age 65 or over. Holmes County has a relatively high number of residents who do not speak English at home. According to
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#1732844859816924-415: The county. The population density was 100.3 inhabitants per square mile (38.7/km ). There were 13,666 housing units at an average density of 32.3 units per square mile (12.5 units/km ). The racial makeup of the county was 98.7% white, 0.3% black or African American, 0.1% Asian, 0.1% American Indian, 0.2% from other races, and 0.5% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 0.8% of
966-502: The county. The county has since become a Republican stronghold, with Lyndon B. Johnson being the only Democrat since 1940 to carry it, in his 1964 landslide, although Harry S. Truman came within just 16 votes of winning it in 1948 . The high Amish population means that a large proportion of residents in Holmes County do not vote, even compared to turnout standards in much of the United States. These low figures are likely due to
1008-508: The early 1980s, several church districts in Minnesota, Tennessee, and Ohio split from the Swartzentruber church districts elsewhere because of disagreements over shunning ("Bann und Meidung"). This group, known as the "Jeck Jeckey Leit", is now affiliated with the Nebraska Amish . In the 1990s, two more splits occurred, resulting in three Swartzentruber Amish groups: the main Joe Troyer group;
1050-575: The intersection of U.S. Route 43 and a county road, Red Hill Road (signed as Main Street in Ethridge). Lawrenceburg lies a few miles to the south along US 43, and Mount Pleasant lies several miles to the north. The source of Little Shoal Creek, one of the headwater streams of Shoal Creek , is located just east of Ethridge. The source of the Buffalo River is located just west of Ethridge. According to
1092-794: The most restrictive concerning the use of technologies among all Amish affiliations: The Swartzentruber style of dress tends to be heavier and plainer, especially in the case of women; only the Nebraska Amish dress in a more conservative style. Swartzentruber church services tend to be longer, even up to four hours. Like some other Old Order groups, they avoid the use of electricity and indoor plumbing . Many other common devices and technologies are also disallowed for being too worldly, including Velcro and bicycles . Swartzentruber farms and yards are often unkept. The Swartzentrubers discourage interest in outward appearance, as such an interest could promote vanity and pride . Their farms can be identified by dirt drives and surrounding roads, while most roads of
1134-417: The name include Schwartzentruber, Swartzendruber, Schwartzendruber, Schwarzentruber, and Schwarztrauber. Holmes County, Ohio Holmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio . As of the 2020 Census , the population was 44,223. Its county seat is Millersburg . The county was formed in 1824 from portions of Coshocton, Tuscarawas and Wayne counties and organized the following year. It
1176-558: The other, so as not to appear like the tail lights of a vehicle. There have been several court cases across the country where the state and county challenged the local Swartzentruber group to use the regulation orange triangle . So far, even as far as the federal Supreme Court , the Amish have prevailed, although statistics suggest that in areas where these groups exist, accidents involving buggies are more prevalent. On September 13, 2011 (13 years ago) ( 2011-09-13 ) , nine Old Order Swartzentruber men were jailed for not paying
1218-624: The passage of the Conscription Act in March 1863, Holmes County politicians denounced both Congress and President Lincoln as despotic, saying that forced military service was little different from slavery. Conscription had been common in their former German homelands, and it was one of the reasons they had moved to America. Violent protests broke out in June, and they continued until the Union Army marched into
1260-425: The population. In terms of ancestry, 37.8% were German , 10.8% were American , 6.6% were Irish , and 6.3% were English . Of the 12,554 households, 42.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.7% were married couples living together, 6.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 20.1% were non-families, and 17.2% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size
1302-476: The population. 56.1% spoke English, 20.1% Pennsylvania German , 15.8% German and 7.1% "Dutch, i.e. Pennsylvania Dutch." as their first language. There were 11,337 households, out of which 44.30% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.50% were married couples living together, 6.50% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.90% were non-families. 16.10% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.90% had someone living alone who
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1344-634: The subgroup originated. The Swartzentruber share of the Old Order Amish is about 7 percent. As of 2011 there were 119 Swartzentruber Amish church districts and 43 settlements in 13 states of the US as well as in Ontario , Canada. Swartzentruber is a Mennonite and Amish surname of Swiss origin, coming from the Trub river valley, located approximately midway between Bern and Lucerne . It has been thought to mean "seller of black grapes". Other English spellings of
1386-571: The top of the shoes. The brims on the hats of Swartzentruber men are four inches (10 cm) wide, wider than the brims of more liberal affiliations. The tack on the horses and buggies is often all black, rather than brown leather. Swartzentruber Amish use reflective tape on the back of their buggies, in place of bright triangular "slow moving" signs for road travel, which they regard as too worldly. These buggies will also use lanterns , rather than battery -operated lights or reflectors. The lanterns are also often staggered, one side slightly higher than
1428-437: The town was thriving as a lumber transloading station. At that time, Ethridge contained at least four lumber mills and one lumber finishing mill. Lumber from these mills and mills further out in the countryside was hauled to Ethridge and loaded onto trains. During this period, Ethridge had five grocery stores, a meat market, two barber shops, a post office, a hotel, and a tire pump factory. The town declined, however, following
1470-500: Was named after Andrew Holmes , an officer killed in the War of 1812 . Holmes County, which was about 42% Amish in 2010, and 48% in 2020, has the highest concentration of Amish in the world, which draws many visitors to the county. The Holmes Amish settlement , which also includes Amish from neighboring counties, is the second-largest in the world after Lancaster County, Pennsylvania , and numbered 37,770 people in 2021. Holmes County
1512-467: Was 3.31 and the average family size was 3.80. The median age was 29.7 years. The median income for a household in the county was $ 43,533 and the median income for a family was $ 49,133. Males had a median income of $ 36,644 versus $ 24,317 for females. The per capita income for the county was $ 17,009. About 10.5% of families and 13.3% of the population were below the poverty line , including 18.9% of those under age 18 and 6.9% of those age 65 or over. As of
1554-450: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 2.98. In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.6% under the age of 18, 11.0% from 18 to 24, 28.7% from 25 to 44, 22.8% from 45 to 64, and 11.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.0 males. The median income for
1596-414: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.35 and the average family size was 3.82. Religious breakdown for those who gave a religion (68.33 of the total population) was 89.79% Evangelical Protestant, 8.04% Mainline Protestant and 2.16% Catholic. There were 140 Amish congregations with 17,654 adherents. There were several other unrelated Amish congregations and Mennonite congregations. There
1638-435: Was 99.63% White and 0.37% Pacific Islander . Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.75% of the population. There were 210 households, out of which 33.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.4% were married couples living together, 16.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.1% were non-families. 22.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.9% had someone living alone who
1680-614: Was formed on January 20, 1824, from portions of Coshocton, Tuscarawas and Wayne counties. It was named after Major Andrew Holmes, who was killed in action at the Battle of Mackinac Island . In 1863, during the Civil War , numerous small anti-draft riots took place, mainly in the German-speaking areas. Holmes County at the time was a Democratic stronghold, dominated by its Pennsylvania Dutch settlers, along with many recent German immigrants. With
1722-580: Was located at the intersection of two mid-19th century cattle drovers' roads . When the railroad constructed a station at this site in the late 1890s, it was named Wayne Station. After constant confusion resulted in passengers bound for Wayne Station winding up at Ethridge, a prominent real estate broker in the area convinced the railroad to close the Ethridge stop and rename the Wayne Station stop "Ethridge." By 1914, Ethridge's population had grown to 400, and
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1764-401: Was one Catholic congregation. In the county, the population was spread out, with 35.60% under the age of 18, 10.40% from 18 to 24, 25.70% from 25 to 44, 17.80% from 45 to 64, and 10.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28 years. For every 100 females there were 99.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.50 males. The median income for a household in
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