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67-441: Sutherland Fencibles may refer to any of three units: Sutherland Fencibles (1759) Sutherland Fencibles (1779) Sutherland Fencibles (1793) [REDACTED] Index of articles associated with the same name This set index article includes a list of related items that share the same name (or similar names). If an internal link incorrectly led you here, you may wish to change

134-516: A brig the privateers had driven into Portlethen . The fencibles drove off the privateers, killing and wounding a number without loss to themselves. It was disbanded in 1783. Samuel Macdonald , better known by the sobriquet of "Big Sam", was a soldier in the regiment. He was born in the parish of Lairg in Sutherland, and was of extraordinary stature, being seven feet four inches in height, and every way stout in proportion. Being too large to stand in

201-467: A captain. In a newspaper notice for a General Muster at Elgin in September 1778, the title Northern Fencible Highlanders is used by Major Mercer. It was embodied at Aberdeen , and disbanded in 1783. During the five years this regiment was embodied, only twenty-four men died. The family of Sutherland being at that time represented by an infant female ( Elizabeth Gordon ), countess of Sutherland (afterwards

268-514: A circuitous route through woods and over hills, which retarded him so much, that he did not appear at the appointed hour. Major Campbell, on reaching the neighbourhood of Edinburgh without his prisoner, was greatly perplexed. He had indeed marched slowly forward, but no soldier appeared; and unable to delay any longer, he entered the city, marched up to the Castle, and as he was delivering over the prisoners, but before any report had been given in, Macmartin,

335-672: A fencible regiment of Scottish Highlanders, whose services should extend to England. The regiment was accordingly formed, and as both officers and men were principally natives of Caithness, it was at first called the Caithness Fencibles; but the Prince of Wales having granted permission that Rothesay, his chief title in Scotland, should be added, the battalion was afterwards called the Rothesay and Caithness Fencibles. Another reason for this conjunction

402-576: A jocular remark, which was considered as offensive by the officers, he and some of his comrades, who appeared to enjoy the joke, were put into confinement, and threatened with punishment This injudicious step roused the feelings of the Highlanders, who considered themselves as insulted and disgraced in the persons of the prisoners, and they could not endure that such a stain should "attach to themselves and their country from an infamous punishment for crimes, according to their views, not in themselves infamous in

469-680: A member of the board of control for India , and from 1787 to 1793 the joint Vice-Treasurer of Ireland under George, Viscount Townshend , the Lord-lieutenant. As a member of parliament he seems to have been reticent; but it was on his motion in 1796 that Henry Addington was elected speaker of the Great British Parliament. He was treasurer of the Middle Temple in 1803. He died 8 June 1816 in Queen Street, Mayfair . Lord Frederick

536-490: A mutiny broke out amongst the Strathspey Highlanders. A spirit of jealousy and distrust of their officers had taken deep root in the breasts of the men, in consequence of an attempt that had been made the preceding year at Linlithgow , to induce them to extend their service, which was confined to Scotland. They erroneously conceived that there was a design to entrap them; a suspicion which appears to have originated in

603-439: A plaid thrown across the shoulders, and tartan pantaloons in imitation of the trews , surmounted with a stripe of yellow along the seams, a fringe of tartan on the outside of the thigh, and the same round the ankle. The tartan worn was the same or nearly the same as that of the 92nd (Gordon Highlanders) Regiment (Black Watch with an over-check of yellow over the green). This battalion was disbanded in 1799. A second battalion

670-543: A register house at Edinburgh , and procured a permanent establishment for keeping the records, and received the thanks of the court of session. He was elected Rector of Glasgow University for 1772–73. Lord Frederick sat in the Irish House of Commons for Thomastown from 1767 to 1768 and for St Canice from 1768 and 1776. In 1778 he was appointed colonel of the Western regiment of Fencible Men ( Argyle Fencibles ). In 1786

737-434: A restoration to have armed the clans . An exception, however, was made in favour of the people of Argyle and Sutherland; accordingly, letters of service were issued to John Campbell, 5th Duke of Argyll , then the most influential and powerful nobleman in Scotland, and William Sutherland, 18th Earl of Sutherland , to each raise a fencible regiment within their districts. Unlike the militia regiments which were raised by ballot,

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804-591: A serious blow, without being sensible of its force. He was considered an excellent drill, from his mild and clear manner of giving his directions. After the peace of 1783 he enlisted in the Royals . From thence he was transferred to the Sutherland Fencibles of 1793. The countess of Sutherland , with great kindness, allowed him 2s. 6d. per diem extra pay, judging probably that so large a body must require more sustenance than his military pay could afford. He attracted

871-510: A week in a fresh quarter, or cantonment, that they did not conciliate and become intimate with the people". The regiment was disbanded in March 1799. It was from the disbanded ranks of this corps that the 93rd Regiment of Foot was principally formed. Alexander, Duke of Gordon's commission as colonel of the Gordon Fencibles (1793–1799), was dated 3 March; and not long after this the regiment

938-440: The 94th regiment ) and the Sutherland, Breadalbane, and Grant Fencibles. The others were ordered to join regiments abroad. No other act of insubordination occurred in the regiment, which was disbanded in the year 1799. The Breadalbane Fencibles were raised when John Campbell, Earl of Breadalbane , moved by the same patriotic feeling which actuated Sir James Grant, offered to raise two fencible regiments, which were completed in

1005-481: The Irish Rebellion . They were particularly noticed by Sir John Moore , who, after the rebellion was crushed, stationed them as a light infantry corps in the mountains under his own eye, and such was his confidence in them, that he selected a detachment of this regiment to guard 400 prisoners sent to Prussia, "as the service required confidential and trust-worthy men". The regiment returned to Scotland in 1802, and

1072-506: The declaration of war by France , the regiment was assembled at Forres in the end of April, 1793. With the exception of 41 Scottish Lowlanders, three Englishmen, and two Irishmen, the regiment consisted of Highlanders. On 5 June it was embodied and inspected by Lieutenant-general Alexander Leslie , marched to the southward in August, and quartered successively in most of the towns in the south of Scotland. Whilst stationed at Dumfries in 1795,

1139-464: The Fraser Fencibles conducted themselves with great propriety. Lord Frederick Campbell Lord Frederick Campbell MP PC FRS (20 June 1729 – 8 June 1816) was a Scottish nobleman and politician. He was Lord Clerk Register of Scotland , 1768–1816; Member of Parliament (MP) for Glasgow Burghs (1761–1780) and for Argyllshire (1780–1799). Frederick Campbell

1206-584: The Kells and Navan yeomanry, three companies of the Reays, under Captain Hector Maclean, an experienced officer, who had served 37 years in the 42nd , attacked a large body of rebels, and drove them from their strong and elevated position, with a loss of about 400 killed and wounded. In this affair, the Reays had 26 men killed and wounded. The regiment, whose conduct was most exemplary, returned to Scotland in 1802, and

1273-449: The Sutherland Fencibles was raised several weeks before that of Argyle Fencibles , 1,100 men having assembled at the call of the earl of Sutherland, on the lawn before Dunrobin Castle , within nine days after his lordship's arrival in Sutherland with his letters of service. The martial appearance of these men, when they marched into Perth in May, 1760, with the earl of Sutherland at their head,

1340-590: The absence of the regular army; but it was not deemed prudent to extend the system to Scotland, the inhabitants of which, it was supposed, could not yet be safely entrusted with arms because of The '15 and The '45 rebellions . Groundless as the reasons for this caution may have been in regard to the Lowlands, militias could have been hazardous in the Highlands at a time when the Stuarts and their adherents were still plotting

1407-587: The absent soldier, rushed in amongst his fellow-prisoners, all pale with anxiety and fatigue, and breathless, with apprehension of the consequences in which his delay might have involved his benefactor. The first and second battalions of the Breadalbane Fencibles were discharged in 1799 along with the Grant, Gordon, Sutherland, Rothsay, Caithness, (1st battalion) Argyle, and Hopetoun Fencible regiments, whose services were limited to Scotland. The third battalion

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1474-415: The army, the rest of the corps were from the countries in the neighbourhood of these districts. The regiment was ordered to Ireland, where it arrived on 1 August 1795. In November 1797, Simon Fraser, the younger of Lovat , was appointed colonel, in consequence of the resignation of Belladrum. The Fraser Fencibles fought at the battle of Castlebar , and had the other corps behaved like them on that occasion

1541-599: The battalion. This regiment was disbanded in May, 1763. The Argyle or West Fencibles was raised by Lord Frederick Campbell , who had been appointed colonel, and it was embodied in Glasgow in April, 1778. Of the men, 700 were raised in Argyleshire and other parts of the western Highlands; the rest were recruited in Glasgow and the south-west of Scotland. Sir James Campbell of Ardkinglas

1608-462: The commissions: The commissions of the officers of the Argyle Fencibles were dated in the month of July, 1759. The regiment, which consisted of 1,000 men, was raised in three months. Of 37 officers, 21 were of the name of Campbell. The regiment was quartered in different parts of Scotland, and disbanded in the year 1763. Though the commissions of the officers were dated in the month of August,

1675-418: The conduct of the officers, some of whom did not explain the nature of the proposals to their men, whilst others entirely mistook their import and meaning. For a time the good understanding between the officers and the men appeared to have returned; but an incident which occurred at Dumfries rekindled the dying embers of dissension, and led to the most unpleasant consequences. A soldier in the ranks having made

1742-549: The confidence of Generals Lake and Nugent. The former was particularly attached to the Reay Fencibles, and, after the defeat of Castlebar , he frequently exclaimed, "If I had had my brave and honest Reays there, this would not have happened". The only opportunity they had of proving their firmness in the unhappy service in which they were engaged was at the battle of Tara Hill , on 26 May 1798, where, in conjunction with two troops of Lord Fingall's , some cavalry and foot from

1809-531: The corps its designation was changed, after the suppression of the rebellion, to the Duke of York's Royal Inverness-shire Highlanders. The establishment of the regiment was increased, and in 1801 the whole corps offered to extend its service to any part of the world. In March 1802 the regiment was disbanded at Stirling. In consequence of the advanced age of Archibald Fraser the chief of the Clan Fraser, (youngest son of

1876-420: The duchess-countess of Sutherland) and no near male relative of the name to assume the command of this regiment, William Wemyss of Wemyss, nephew of William Sutherland, 18th Earl of Sutherland ), was appointed colonel. With the exception of two companies from Caithness , commanded by William Innes of Sandside, and John Sutherland of Wester, the recruits were raised on the Sutherland estates; and so desirous were

1943-476: The fencible regiments, four officers from the Caithness Highlanders obtained commissions in the 79th and 92nd of the line. The Caithness Fencibles returned to Scotland in 1802, and were disbanded the same year. The Dumbarton Fencibles was raised by Colonel Campbell of Stonefield , agreeably to orders, dated 11 October 1794, and was inspected and reported complete by Major-general Sir James Stewart, in

2010-467: The fencibles were raised by the ordinary mode of recruiting, and like the regiments of the line, the officers were to be appointed and their commissions signed by the king. The same system was followed at different periods down to the year 1799, the last of the fencible regiments having been raised in that year. The following is a list of the Highland fencible regiments according to the chronological order of

2077-466: The fidelity of soldiers, and the manly rectitude of their national character. It is with pleasure and satisfaction we declare, that the tranquillity which this county is now happily beginning to enjoy, must, in many respects, be ascribed to the ready obedience and proper deportment of the officers and men under your command. For reasons thus honourable to them, and grateful to ourselves, we return you our most sincere thanks, and request you will communicate to

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2144-431: The frigate. The Royal Navy took Jason into service as HMS  Proselyte . In 1797 the regiment extended its services to Ireland; but, with the exception of one skirmish, no opportunity offered for distinguishing itself in the field. The conduct of the Sutherland Fencibles, during the troubles, was most exemplary; and it was said of them, that "their conduct and manners softened the horrors of war, and they were not

2211-460: The good of the service". The Inverness-shire Fencibles (or Inverness Fencibles) were raised shortly after 21 November 1794 when letters of service were issued to Major Baillie of Dunain to raise a fencible corps of 600 whose service should extend to the whole of Great Britain and Ireland. Major Gordon Cumming of Pitlurg was appointed to the permanent post of lieutenant-colonel by Colonel Baillie, who had that privilege conferred on him. The regiment

2278-637: The last Lord Lovat, and brother of Gen. Simon Fraser (1726–1782)) James Fraser of Belladrum, who had served under his chief in Canada during the Seven Years' War , was appointed to raise this regiment. It was completed in the spring of 1795, and was inspected and embodied at Inverness on 14 June same year. 300 of the men bore the name of Fraser, chiefly from the Aird and Stratherrick. With the exception of 30 Scottish Lowlanders and 18 English and Irish who had formerly served in

2345-484: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sutherland_Fencibles&oldid=1188207612 " Category : Set index articles Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata All set index articles Monitored short pages Sutherland Fencibles (1759) In England, county militia regiments were raised for internal defence in

2412-425: The men of Sutherland of entering the regiment, that in the parish of Farr, Sutherland alone 154 were enlisted in two days. In February 1779 the regiment was embodied at Fort George , whence it marched southward, and was stationed in the neighbourhood of Edinburgh during the part of its service. In November 1780 a party of Sutherland Fencibles held off an attack by boats from a privateer, Rohan Soubife of Dunkirk , on

2479-416: The men were despatched without clothing or arms, of which, however, they received a supply at Glasgow on their route. The regiment was actively employed during the rebellion , and conducted themselves in that unfortunate service with as much forbearance as circumstances would permit. Colonel Baillie died in 1797, and was succeeded by Lieutenant-colonel Cumming Gordon. In compliment to the good behaviour of

2546-451: The moral sense of the word". The consequence was, that many of the soldiers, in open defiance of their officers, broke out, and released the prisoners. After this unfortunate affair, the regiment was marched to Musselburgh , when Corporal James Macdonald, and privates Charles and Alexander Mackintosh, Alexander Fraser, and Duncan Macdougall, were tried, and being found guilty of mutinous conduct, condemned to be shot. The corporal's sentence

2613-561: The notice of the Prince of Wales , and was for some time one of the porters at Carlton house . When the 93d was raised he could not be kept from his old friends; and joining the regiment, he died in Guernsey in 1802, regretted by his corps as a respectable, trust-worthy, excellent man. The Grant or Strathspey Fencibles were raised when Sir James Grant of Grant, having offered to raise a regiment, he obtained permission to do so, and two months after

2680-399: The officers, non-commissioned officers, and soldiers, this testimony of our esteem, and acknowledgement of their exemplary conduct. In 1797 the regiment, with the exception of about 50 men, volunteered their services to any part of Europe. In the summer of 1800, 200 men volunteered into the 79th and 92nd regiments. As an ensign was to be appointed to every 50 men who should volunteer from

2747-426: The promise I now make, to be with you in full time to be delivered up in the castle". Major Campbell, a very judicious and humane man, was startled at this extraordinary proposal; but having perfect confidence in the prisoner, he complied with his request. The soldier, accordingly, returned to Glasgow at night, transacted his business, and left the town before day-light to redeem his pledge. To avoid observation, he made

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2814-496: The ranks, he was generally placed on the right of the regiment when in line, and marched at the head when in column. Whether on duty, marching with his regiment, or on the streets, he was always accompanied by a mountain-deer of uncommon size, which was greatly attached to him. [Samuel's] parents were of good size, but in nothing otherwise remarkable. Macdonald had fortunately a quiet, equable temper. Had he been irritable, he might, from his immense strength and weight of arm, have given

2881-464: The regiment was augmented to 1,000 effective men, under the designation of the Caithness Highlanders, with officers in proportion. Of the exemplary conduct of the regiment, some idea may be formed from the following extract of an address presented to Lieutenant-colonel James Fraser of Culduthill, who commanded the regiment several years in Ireland, by a meeting of the magistrates of the county of Armagh, in

2948-451: The result might have been different. They were the last to retreat. A Highland Fraser sentinel was desired by his friends "to retreat with them, but he heroically refused to quit his post, which was elevated, with some little steps leading to it. He loaded and fired five times successively, and killed a Frenchman at every shot; but before he could charge a sixth time, they rushed on him, [and] beat out his brains". During this trying service,

3015-476: The ringleaders; but so many of the men were concerned, that it was found almost impossible to make a proper distinction. The difficulty was however solved by some of the soldiers themselves, who, becoming sensible of their error, with a noble and high-minded feeling, voluntarily offered to stand trial, and to abide the issue. They were accordingly sent to Edinburgh castle, tried, and four of their number condemned to be shot, but only one, Alexander Morland, suffered. He

3082-556: The seat of Glasgow Burghs in 1761. In 1765, being very intimate with Mr. Grenville, Lord Frederick was active in the arrangements for transferring the prerogatives and rights of the Duke of Atholl in the Isle of Man (then a nest of smugglers), to the Crown, and in fixing the compensation to be given; but he felt and complained that the compensation was inadequate. In the same year (1765) Lord Frederick

3149-535: The summer of 1793. A third battalion was embodied a few months thereafter, under an arrangement, that its service, if necessary, should be extended to Ireland. The number of men raised was 2,300, of whom 1,600 were obtained from the estate of Breadalbane alone. A mutiny, similar in every respect in its cause, object, and consequences, to that of the Strathspey Fencibles , occurred amongst the Breadalbane Fencibles, at Glasgow in 1795. Measures were taken to secure

3216-553: The summer of the following year. Colonel Campbell was appointed its colonel. The regiment was first stationed in Guernsey, and in 1797 was moved to Ireland, being reduced to 500 the previous year. Murdoch Maclaine of Lochbuy , the lieutenant-colonel, was moved to the Argyle Fencibles , on the transference of the regiment to Ireland, and was succeeded by Lieutenant-colonel Scott. The Dumbarton Fencibles were actively employed during

3283-557: The year 1798, the Lord Viscount Gosford , the governor, in the chair: We beg leave to testify our highest approbation of the conduct of the Rothsay and Caithness Fencibles, during a period of fourteen months, and under circumstances of peculiar difficulty. Divided, from the unfortunate necessity of the times, into various cantonments , and many of them stationed in a manner most unfavourable to military discipline, they yet preserved

3350-515: Was 1,084 men, with drummers and pipers. This contained a company from Ross-shire, commanded by Captain Robert, Macleod of Cadboll . The crew of the Dutch frigate mutinied and surrendered their vessel, Jason , on 8 June 1796 at Greenock , Scotland. When Jason surrendered she had more than 200 men aboard, so a "great party" from the Sutherland Fencibles marched from Glasgow to Greenock to take possession of

3417-479: Was appointed colonel, and the late George Mackay of Bighouse, lieutenant-colonel of the Reay Fencibles ordered to be raised. Notwithstanding the unfortunate state of their chief the clan came readily forward, and in a few weeks a body of 800 Highlanders, of whom 700 had the word Mac prefixed to their names, was assembled. In March 1795 the regiment was embodied by Sir Hector Munro at Fort George , whence it immediately proceeded to Ireland, where it soon acquired

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3484-471: Was appointed lieutenant-colonel, and Hugh Montgomery of Coilsfield , afterwards Earl of Eglintoun , Major. The regiment was disbanded in 1783. The Gordon Fencibles regiment, which consisted of 960, was raised by Alexander, Duke of Gordon on his estates in the counties of Inverness, Moray, Banff, and Aberdeen. He was appointed colonel and Lord William Gordon to be Lieutenant-colonel, James Chisholm and James Mercer to be majors and George Gordon, Lord Haddo

3551-635: Was completed in October 1795, and was embodied at Inverness under the name of the Loyal Inverness Fencible Highlanders, though there were only about 350 Highlanders in the corps. The uniform was the full Highland garb, and it was observed that some young Welshmen (about 40), who had joined the ranks, were more partial to the plaid than the Lowlanders of Aberdeen and Perth. The regiment was immediately ordered to Ireland, and with such haste that

3618-409: Was disbanded at Stirling the same year. In dismissing the regiment Major-General Baillie took the "opportunity of expressing his highest approbation of the uniform good conduct of the regiment since it was embodied," reflecting "with pride and satisfaction on the many opportunities that occurred to evince the loyalty, good discipline, distinguished gallantry, and persevering attention of all ranks, to

3685-532: Was disbanded the same year. Amongst other districts fixed on by government for raising fencible corps at the commencement of the French Revolutionary Wars , that of "Lord Reay's country" (as that region was then called), the residence of the Clan Mackay , was selected. The chief of that clan, the then Hugh, Lord Reay , being, from mental imbecility, incapable of acting, Hugh Mackay Bailie of Rosehall,

3752-498: Was disbanded, along with the other fencible regiments, in 1799. Letters of service for the Argyle Fencibles, dated 1 March, were issued to the George, Marquis of Lorne to raise this corps. It was shortly afterwards embodied at Stirling and after six years' service, was disbanded in 1799. Rothesay and Caithness Fencibles (8th Fencible Regiment) were raised after letters of service were granted to Sir John Sinclair of Ulster , to raise

3819-556: Was for a few months Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland but resigned in July following the dismissal of the Grenville administration and was succeeded in the office by Lord Breadalbane . Lord Frederick was sworn of the privy council 29 May 1765, made Lord Clerk Register for Scotland in 1768, and confirmed in that office for life in 1777. In 1774 Lord Frederick had laid the foundation-stone for

3886-403: Was fully prepared to meet his fate, but, with regard to his friend, he could not die in peace unless the business was settled; and that if the officer would permit him to return to Glasgow, he would join his comrades before they reached Edinburgh. He added, "You have known me since I was a child; you know my country and kindred, and you may believe I shall never bring you to any blame by a breach of

3953-485: Was married, 28 March 1769, to Mary , youngest daughter of Mr. Amos Meredith of Henbury, Cheshire, sister of Sir William Meredith, 3rd Baronet , and widow of the infamous Laurence Shirley, 4th Earl Ferrers . She was burnt to death in a fire at their house, Combe Bank , Kent, in 1807. They had two daughters, one of whom, Mary, married Captain Donald Campbell of Barbreck . In 1752 Horace Walpole reported that Campbell

4020-585: Was never forgotten by those who saw them, and who never failed to express admiration of their fine military air. Some old friends of mine, who often saw these men in Perth, spoke of them with a kind of enthusiasm. Considering the abstemious habits, or rather the poverty of the Highlanders, the size and muscular strength of the people are remarkable. In this corps there was no light infantry company; upwards of 260 men being above five feet eleven inches in height, they were formed into two grenadier companies, one on each flank of

4087-565: Was raised and embodied at Aberdeen . The uniform was the full Highland garb. The Duke raised upwards of 300 men on his estates in Strathspey, Badenoch, and Lochaber, and about an equal number was recruited on the neighbouring estates. About 150 more were raised in the Lowlands of Aberdeen, Banff, and Elgin. In 1794 it was moved to England, having agreed to extend its service. The Gordon Highlanders were reviewed by George III in Hyde Park. The regiment

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4154-475: Was raised by Sir John Sinclair in 1795, and embodied by Major-General James Hamilton at Forfar , in the May of that year. The service of this regiment was extended to Ireland. This corps was more mixed than the first; only about 350 men from Caithness and Sutherland having entered the regiment. The establishment and uniform of the battalion was the same as the first. The regiment was soon after its formation moved to Ireland, where it remained several years. In 1799,

4221-472: Was restricted to a corporal punishment. The four privates were marched out to Gullane Links, East Lothian, on 16 July 1795, and when they had arrived on the ground they were told that only two were to suffer, and that the two Mackintoshes would be permitted to draw lots. They accordingly drew, when the fatal one fell on Charles, who, with Fraser, was immediately shot in presence of the Scots Brigade, (afterwards

4288-522: Was sent to Ireland in 1795, and remained in that country until 1802, when it was disbanded. This regiment, which mustered at the call of the Countess of Sutherland , was embodied at Fort George . Colonel Wemyss, who had commanded the regiment of 1779, was appointed colonel, and the Honourable James Stuart, brother of Francis, Earl of Moray , lieutenant-colonel. The numerical strength of the corps

4355-521: Was shot on Musselburgh Sands. An anecdote of one of these men, related by David Stewart, affords a striking illustration of the faithfulness of the Highlanders in fulfilling obligations. On the march to Edinburgh, this man stated to Major Colin Campbell , who commanded the party, that he knew what his fate would be, but that he had left business of the utmost importance to a friend in Glasgow, which he wished to transact before his death; that as to himself he

4422-424: Was that the counties of Bute and Caithness then sent alternately a member to represent them in parliament. This regiment was assembled at Inverness in October, 1794, and embodied by Lieutenant-general Sir Hector Munro . The corps attracted particular notice from the majestic stature of the officers, nineteen of whom averaged 6 feet (1.8 m)in height. The uniform of the regiment was a bonnet and feathers, with

4489-480: Was the third son of John Campbell, 4th Duke of Argyll , and his wife, Mary, daughter of John Bellenden, 2nd Lord Bellenden . Lord Frederick was educated at Westminster School (1743-6) and Christ Church, Oxford (1747) before entering Middle Temple (1751) and being called to the Bar in 1754. Although his father had intended him for the parliamentary seat of Ayr Burghs , he instead succeeded his brother Lord Lorne to

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