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21-595: Homeless and unmarried Muhajirun ( companions of the Prophet who migrated from Mecca ) who did not have relatives in Medina , dwelt in al-Suffah where they were mainly learning the Quran and Sunnah . These people were called Aṣhab al-Ṣuffah "Companions of the Ṣuffah". Muhammad used to sit with them, chat together, and used to call them to his meal, sharing together his drinks, so they were counted as his dependents. The Companions of

42-405: A black man who had previously been Ummayah's slave. All of these events caused pain and dismay, but in tribal societies at that time, ties of childhood friendship were extraordinarily strong and lasting. Ummayah retained affection and a sense of duty towards his old friend, which was reciprocated. Because of their friendship, the two friends formed a written agreement, according to which Abdul Rahman

63-529: A caravan from Syria led by Abu Sufyan ibn Harb . Abu Jahl rallied the people for war, saying, "Go and protect your caravan ." Umayyah, who was anxious after having received Sa'd warning, did not want to leave Mecca; but Abu Jahl said to him: "O Abu Safwan! If the people see you staying behind, though you are the chief of the people of the Valley, then they will remain behind with you." Abu Jahl urged until Umayyah said, "As you have forced me to change my mind, I will buy

84-418: A heavy person was to jump on the stone. Bilal kept repeating, " Ahad! Ahad! " (One (God)! One (God)!) Ummayah had a very close and dear friend named Abdu Amr. Their friendship was strained when Abdu Amr converted to Islam. Abdu Amr changed his name to Abd al-Rahman and later emigrated to Medina . Not only that, but to Ummayah's chagrin and dismay, Abdu Amr then gave his sister in marriage to Bilal ibn Rabah ,

105-553: A watering place in Hejaz . No fighting took place, as the Quraysh were quite far from the place where Muslims were in the offing to attack the caravan. Nevertheless, Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas shot an arrow at the Quraysh. This is known as the first arrow of Islam. Despite this surprise attack, no fighting took place and the Muslims returned empty-handed. It is believed that Ubaydah was the first to carry

126-472: The Muslims led by Muhammad . Umayya is best known as the master of Bilal ibn Rabah , a slave he tortured for embracing Islam who eventually became the first mu'azzin . Umayyah ibn Khalaf was a son of Khalaf ibn Habib ibn Wahb ibn Hudhafah ibn Jumah and he was a brother of Ubay ibn Khalaf. He married three times: Umayyah was involved in the pagan religious ceremonies of Mecca, where he distributed perfume in

147-516: The Meccan trade route to Syria and informed Umayyah that his life was threatened by Muhammad. In the build-up to the battle of Badr, Umayyah received a visit from his childhood friend Sa'd, who had become a Muslim, emigrated to Medina, and was close to Muhammad. Sa'd had come to Mecca supposedly for Umrah ("minor" pilgrimage), but also to make Umayyah beware. Sa'd told Umayyah in no uncertain terms that Muhammad had an antipathy for Umayyah, that his life

168-416: The Muslims returned to Medina without a fight. The fourth raid, known as the invasion of Waddan , was the first offensive in which Muhammad took part personally with 70, mostly Muhajir, troops. It is said that twelve months after moving to Medina, Muhammad himself led a caravan raid to Waddan ( Al-Abwa ). The aim was to intercept the caravans of the Quraysh. The raid party did not meet any Quraysh during

189-586: The Prophet used to take two or three of the Ashab al-Suffah to feed them at home and used to select the best dates and hang them out in al-Suffah's ceiling for meals. Due to the scarcity of jobs caused by a combination of trade boycott and military threat, members of Ashab al-Suffah had little income. It is estimated that al-Suffah held up to 300 people at a time, but they were merely increasing and decreasing in numbers. They could have reached about 400 total members, and it lasted about nine years till they became rich before

210-426: The banner of Islam; others say Hamzah was the first to carry the first banner. Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas was ordered to lead the third raid. His group consisted of about twenty Muhajirs. This raid was done about a month after the previous. Sa'd, with his soldiers, set up an ambush in the valley of Kharrar on the road to Mecca and waited to raid a returning Meccan caravan from Syria. But the caravan had already passed and

231-457: The best camel in Mecca." Umayyah told his wife: "O Umm Safwan, prepare what I need (for the journey)." She said to him, "O Abu Safwan! Have you forgotten what your Yathribi brother told you?" He said, "No, but I do not want to go with them except for a short distance." On the way to engagement with the Muslims, Umayyah tied his camel wherever he camped, always remaining alert. Although Abu Sufyan had

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252-583: The death of Muhammad. Later, every one of them became a ruler or an emir . The Suffah was originally situated in the north-east corner of the Mosque. When Muhammad was ordered by Allah to face the new qibla (prayer direction) to be towards Mecca at the south of Medina, the Suffah was left at the rear of the mosque, where it remained. When al-Walid I , the Umayyad Caliph , expanded the mosque, Al-Suffah's location

273-613: The event is known in Islam as the Hijra . The early Muslims from Medina are called the Ansar ("helpers"). About a month after Hamzah's unsuccessful attack in the first caravan raid, Muhammad entrusted a party of sixty Muhajirun led by Ubaydah to conduct another operation at a Quraysh caravan that was returning from Syria and protected by one hundred men. The leader of this caravan was Abu Sufyan ibn Harb . The Muslim party went as far as Thanyatul-Murra,

294-475: The informed the Meccan forcer that the caravan was saved, the Meccan forcer nonetheless proceeded to confront the Muslim forces. Battle was joined on 13 March 624. The forces from Mecca were routed by the Muslims. The battle was lost by the non-Muslims and Umayyah was captured by his old friend Abdul Rahman ibn Awf , who went out of his way to look for and seize Umayyah in order to protect his life. Umayyah ibn Khalaf

315-511: The property and belongings left behind by Muslims and sold those. The caravan was led by 100 Quraysh and 2,500 camels were with them. Umayyah ibn Khalaf Umayya ibn Khalaf ( Arabic : أمية ابن خلف ) (born on 563 and died 13 March 624 at age of 61) was an Arab slave master and the chieftain of the Banu Jumah of the Quraysh in the seventh century. He was one of the chief opponents against

336-543: The raid. The fifth raid, known as the invasion of Buwat , was also commanded by Muhammad. A month after the raid at al-Abwa, he personally led 200 men including Muhajirs and Ansars to Bawat, a place on the caravan route of the Quraysh merchants. A herd of 1,500 camels, accompanied by 100 riders under the leadership of Umayyah ibn Khalaf , a Quraysh. The purpose of these raids was to get back what they had lost when they migrated from Mecca to Medina to avoid persecution by Quraysh for practicing their religion. Quraysh seized

357-518: The square of the Kaaba. After Muhammad began to preach against idolatry, Umayyah became a staunch opponent of the new teaching. He used to slander Muhammad, and it is about him that Allah revealed Surah Humaza: "Woe to the slanderer and backbiter". He subjected his slave Bilal ibn Rabah to torture for having adopted Islam. He forced Bilal to lie on hot desert sand and pinned him down with a heavy stone on his chest. When Bilal still refused to denounce Islam,

378-466: Was changed to where it is now called: Dikkat Al-Aghwat . This Islam-related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Muhajirun The Muhajirun ( Arabic : المهاجرون , romanized :  al-muhājirūn , singular مهاجر , muhājir ) were the converts to Islam and the Islamic prophet Muhammad 's advisors and relatives, who emigrated from Mecca to Medina ,

399-481: Was in danger from the Muslims, including Muhammad, and that he should expect no mercy from either Muhammad or the Muslims in case he falls into their hands. The reason for this enmity and antipathy was Umayyah's former slave that Bilal, who had by now become a favorite with Muhammad, was heavily tortured by Umayyah to prior to his emancipation. In March 624, the Meccans decided to confront the Muslim forces that threatened

420-547: Was referred to as "Abdu Amr" in the document. Umayyah was also a good friend of Sa'd ibn Mua'dh . When Umayyah was in Medina on his way to Syria , he used to stay with Sa'd and when Sa'd was in Mecca, he used to stay with Umayah. Prior to the Battle of Badr , Sa'd visited Mecca once to perform his Umrah with Umayyah, when they came across Abu Jahl. They had an argument, and as it became heated, Sa'd threatened Abu Jahl with stopping

441-438: Was to protect Umayah's property and family in Medina, while Umayyah would protect Abd-al-Rahman's property and family in Mecca. While drafting the document, when Abd al-Rahman was referred to by his new (Islamic) name, Umayyah protested, saying "I do not know any Ar-Rahman " and requested that the pre-Islamic name, "Abdu Amr," be used. It is another measure of the reciprocity of affection between them that Abd al-Rahman yielded, and

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