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47-524: SCBD is located within the Golden Triangle of Jakarta and is the best integrated mixed-use development complex in Indonesia. Office spaces in the district is considered the most luxurious and expensive in Indonesia. Workers in the area are considered to be high-class and elite, since most of the workers wear branded outfits and luxury accessories, which led to a phenomenon known as "SCBD Lifestyle". SCBD

94-471: A post-World War II reconstruction era. Unlike the rigorous construction process seen anywhere else in the state, Kebayoran Baru was created at an astounding speed of implementation, from design to mass housing construction (Colombijn, 2014). Since the plan's approval in September 1948, it only took five months to acquire the entire land area, finalise the master plan, and start construction. Kebayoran Baru today

141-527: Is a roughly triangular area in the center of Jakarta , Indonesia , extending from Central Jakarta to South Jakarta . Most of the city's tallest skyscrapers, office buildings and foreign embassies are located in the area. It is the main CBD of Jakarta. The area is bordered by Jalan M.H. Thamrin - Jalan Jenderal Sudirman (north-southwest), Jalan H.R. Rasuna Said (north-southeast), and Jalan Jenderal Gatot Subroto (east-west). There are many other roads bisecting

188-591: Is designed following the principle of a garden city . Kebayoran Baru is a well-planned district, both in term of its urban planning and its infrastructure. Sudirman Avenue is the main road, which connects Kebayoran Baru to the city center in Central Jakarta . The southern quarter of the Semanggi Interchange is located in Kebayoran Baru. The total planning area is 730 ha, with about 45% was allocated for

235-400: Is filled with large mansions with lots ranging from 500 square meters to 6000 square meters. The northern part of the city is dominated by luxury apartments and office buildings. Senayan is notable for its large concentration of businesses run by Korean expatriates in Indonesia , a trend which began as early as 1982. Because it was conceptualized as a satellite city from the early times, all

282-475: Is held on the main avenues of the city, Jalan Sudirman and Jalan Thamrin, from the Senayan area to Monas (Monumen Nasional), from 6 AM to 11 AM. The area is served by TransJakarta Corridor 1 , Corridor 6 , and Corridor 9 . There are many routes operated by Kopaja , Mayasari Bakti and APTB buses. Sudirman , Cikini and Gondangdia stations of KRL Commuterline are within the area. The North-South line of

329-459: Is located relatively close to Tanah Abang - Serpong railway line, enabling the transport of building construction material to the Kebajoran. Following the approval of the plan, the colonial government began the land acquisition process for Kebayoran satellite town. On January 17, 1949, the land acquisition process for Kebayoran was completed. In February 1949, the first draft of the town's master plan

376-464: Is no longer a separated city as initially envisioned but rather an essential part of Greater Jakarta in general, particularly one of the activities centres in South Jakarta. As quoted by Roosmalen (2005): “Kebayoran Baru today in many parts and ways is a pleasant district where spacious residential areas with abundant green spaces and busy business areas alternate in an enjoyable way and it's considered

423-456: Is not part of the original plan. These additions are now located in Radio area, Gandaria Utara, and Cipete Utara. Being a design older than 50 years, Kebayoran Baru is considered a cultural heritage ( Cagar Budaya ) according to Law no. D.IV-6099/d/33/1975. New modern international style developments in the area has been a threat to the historic tropical residential character of Kebayoran Baru. To

470-591: Is one of the densest areas in the city, with total area of 45 hectares, which is divided into 25 lots. About 13 hectares of the district are used to develop road network and landscaping. SCBD is comparable with that of Canary Wharf in London , and KLCC in Kuala Lumpur . As of January 2024, the fifth tallest building in Jakarta, Treasury Tower is located in the district. Once completed, Jakarta Signature Tower will be

517-610: The Jakarta MRT crosses the area with multiple stations and is also served by the Jabodebek LRT . Here are the lists of transportation services that serve the Golden Triangle Area: Former: Kebayoran Baru Kebayoran Baru is a district ( Indonesian : kecamatan ) in the administrative city of South Jakarta , Indonesia . The name was derived from a planned satellite city of

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564-477: The 5th tallest building in the world (although it may be potentially canceled or it will be restarting soon construction in 2025) Notable buildings in this district are: SCBD is served by Transjakarta corridor 1 and corridor 9 . Other bus service providers such as Mayasari Bakti also serves the SCBD. Those bus routes passes through main avenues surrounding the district and connect the district with other parts of

611-608: The American post-war modernism . For example, middle-class houses in Kebayoran were designed with a square or rectangular layout, but the first floor is tilted forward to protect the facade of the lower level from the sun. Lower-level official houses in Kebayoran make use of front patio. Larger villas in Kebayoran were usually designed by well-known Indies architects at that time such as Job & Sprey and Liem Bwan Tjie . The current Kebayoran Baru district also includes some villages which

658-687: The Golden Triangle area, such as the Hotel Indonesia roundabout , SCBD , and Mega Kuningan . Most of Jakarta's skyscrapers are located within this triangle. There are lots of monuments in the Golden Triangle area. One is the National Monument ( Monas ), the main symbol and icon of Jakarta and Indonesia . Other monuments, such as the Statue of Arjuna Wijaya near the Bank Indonesia head office,

705-595: The Jakarta CBD was popularized in the 1990s. Three points of the triangle which form the area are: The Golden Triangle area of Jakarta includes major roads such as Thamrin, Sudirman, Gatot Subroto, Rasuna Said, Mas Mansyur, and Satrio. Administratively, it is located in Menteng , Tanah Abang , Setiabudi , Kebayoran Baru , a small part of Tebet , Pancoran , and Mampang Prapatan sub-districts of Jakarta. Many commercial centers have been gradually developed as clusters within

752-628: The SCBD: North–South Line of the Jakarta MRT [REDACTED] with two stations: Golden Triangle of Jakarta The Golden Triangle of Jakarta ( Indonesian : Segitiga Emas Jakarta ), also referred to as the Medan Merdeka–Thamrin–Sudirman Axis ( Indonesian : Poros Medan Merdeka–Thamrin–Sudirman ) or the Sudirman–Thamrin–Kuningan Axis ( Indonesian : Poros Sudirman–Thamrin–Kuningan ),

799-896: The Statue of Mohammad Hoesni Thamrin at the front of the Bank Indonesia Roundabout, the Selamat Datang Monument at the Hotel Indonesia Roundabout at the front of the Grand Indonesia Shopping Town , Statue of General Sudirman , Youth Monument , and the Dirgantara Monument . The Golden Triangle is formed by three major streets, on which most skyscrapers, business centers, and foreign embassies in Jakarta are located. These streets are Jalan M.H. Thamrin – Jalan Jenderal Sudirman , Jalan H.R. Rasuna Said , and Jalan Jenderal Gatot Subroto . As

846-464: The area. The Golden Triangle's commercial areas include SCBD (45 hectares), Mega Kuningan (54 hectares), Rasuna Epicentrum (53.6 hectares) and Kuningan Persada (17 hectares). The Golden Triangle is one of the fastest-evolving CBDs in the Asia-Pacific region. From 1960-1965, Jakarta's urban development changed drastically when President Sukarno , also an architect and an urban planner, redeveloped

893-518: The centre of Jakarta by many” (p. 21). Most buildings in Kebayoran Baru were designed following the principle of functionalism , that is making use of the latest building material (reinforced concrete) and taking into consideration the principle of tropical design - to maximize natural lighting while minimizing the heat without the use of electricity. Post-war modernism style e.g. the so-called Yankee-type or Jengki style were popular in Kebayoran Baru, so called because of its heavy influence from

940-495: The city into a modern capital that would not only be the pride of the Indonesian nation but also be a "beacon" of a powerful new nation. During the 1950s, the development axis of Jakarta was shifted southward from Medan Merdeka to Kebayoran as the center of Jakarta, replacing the axis of Medan Merdeka - Senen - Salemba - Jatinegara , which had grown since the 18th century. Some of Sukarno's notable infrastructure projects during

987-619: The city. SCBD is also integrated with Istora Mandiri Station of the Jakarta MRT on Jalan Jenderal Sudirman . During busy hours, free shuttle buses are available to move within the district at 8-10 minutes interval. A tunnel near the Istora Mandiri MRT station connecting the Pacific Place Mall, the Indonesia Stock Exchange building and the pedestrian sidewalk. Here are the list of transportation services that serves

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1034-469: The current Attorney General building ( Kejaksaan Agung ) on June 1, 1948. The development of Kebayoran Baru satellite town was completed in 1955. The satellite town was connected to the center of Jakarta via Thamrin and Sudirman , both constructions started in 1949 and was finally opened in 1953. Before the completion of these roads, car access to Kebayoran Baru was via Jalan Palmerah Utara and Jalan Palmerah Selatan (now Jalan Asia Afrika). Kebayoran Baru

1081-453: The difficulties of putting planning into practice was made by Roosmalen (2003). She explained that one of the principal regulations defining and ensuring the new town's autonomy and self-sufficiency proved difficult to follow. The construction of any structure along the connecting highway between Batavia (City Centre) and Kebayoran Baru is prohibited. From both an intellectual and a pragmatic standpoint, breaking restrictions like this jeopardised

1128-677: The district is home to many important government institutions, such as the Indonesia Stock Exchange building, the ASEAN Headquarters building, the National Police headquarters, and the City Hall of South Jakarta. Sudirman Central Business District is also located in the district. The literal meaning of Kebayoran Baru is "New Kebayoran". The word kebayoran itself is derived from kabayuran , meaning "stockpiles of bayur wood ( Pterospermum javanicum )". Kabayuran or Kebayuran refers to

1175-564: The early 19th-century but has since been urbanized. This settlement was located roughly on what is now the Kebayoran Railway Station . As a district, the area of Kebayoran Baru is larger than the historic Kebayoran Baru satellite city, including the southern area of Kebayoran Baru and the Sudirman Central Business District to the northeast. The rough boundaries of Kebayoran Baru district are Sudirman Avenue to

1222-587: The facilities that support a community can be found in Kebayoran Baru. There are also several puskesmas (health clinic) that mainly serves the lower middle class society. Markets ( pasar ) managed by the Jakarta Provincial Government (under PD Pasar Jaya) in this sub-district includes: Along with the development of the city, shopping centers that are managed by the private sector have also emerged. There are also trading centers for specialty goods, although some are not well planned, such as: There

1269-552: The first half of the 1960s were the construction of wide avenues, such as Jalan Thamrin, Jalan Sudirman, Jalan Gatot Subroto, and the Semanggi "clover-leaf" interchange . Jalan Rasuna Said was developed in the 1970s; together with Jalan Sudirman and Jalan Gatot Subroto, they formed the Golden Triangle. During the period, construction commenced north of the Semanggi Interchange on Jalan Sudirman. The term "the Golden Triangle" for

1316-419: The first urban center in the country to be designed by a native Indonesian. The first laying of the stone was done on March 18, 1949. The first area to be designed is now located around Kebayoran station, on the east side of Grogol River. The construction was done by a specially-established Central Foundation for Reconstruction ( Dutch : Centrale Stichting Wederopbouw , CSW), whose office was established near

1363-402: The human settlement study in Indonesia became significant soon after WWII ended and was included in the planning for the construction of Kebayoran Baru in 1948. Moreover, Silver (2008) also added by stating that the master plan of Kebayoran Baru illustrated the garden city scheme so eminently that it inspired the planning and development principles for Greater Jakarta in 1952. In other words, it

1410-509: The list of Kebayoran Baru blocks and its landmarks. Despite the lavish urban planning and design that involved the state government and the former Dutch East Indies colony, there are some inevitable concerns about the deviation from the initial master plan. Many scholars hold the view that Kebayoran Baru may not develop into the town its planners and architects envisioned. More recent arguments regarding this matter have been specified by Colombijn & Kusno (2017): According to widely held view at

1457-546: The main avenue of the city from cars and invited local pedestrians to exercise and having their activities on the streets that were normally full of cars and traffic. Along the road from the Senayan traffic circle on Jalan Sudirman to the Selamat Datang Monument at the Hotel Indonesia Roundabout on Jalan Thamrin, all the way north to National Monument Central Jakarta, cars are cleared out for pedestrians. Since May 2012, Car-Free Day in Jakarta has been held every Sunday. It

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1504-733: The main streets of the central business district, the streets have become the busiest area in Jakarta, with lots of heavy traffic. To reduce the gridlock in the Golden Triangle Area, since the 1990s, the Government of Jakarta began to implement the High-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV) 3+ scheme (commonly known as three in one or 3 in 1 ) on the West Medan Merdeka, Sudirman, Thamrin, and Gatot Subroto Streets. The 3 in 1 scheme failed due to sluggers or " car jockeys ". The 3 in 1 scheme

1551-418: The name of a settlement Kampung Kabayuran (older Dutch spelling Kamp. Kabajoeran ), located outside Batavia on the west bank of Grogol River . The settlement was located near an area where stockpiles of timber (including bayur wood) were established to be transported to Batavia via the river. Bayur wood is known for its strength and resistance to termite attack. The Kampung Kabayuran settlement thrived in

1598-399: The northwest, Gatot Subroto Road to the northeast, Krukut River to the east, Cipete Utara Road - Haji Nawi Road to the south, and Grogol River to the west. The district of Kebayoran Baru is divided into ten kelurahan or subdistricts: This subsection focuses on the area of Kebayoran Baru that was once the Kebayoran Baru satellite city. The development of Kebayoran Baru satellite town

1645-485: The other hand, despite these several pieces of evidence about the deviation from its planning vision, Kebayoran Baru also contributed positively to the future of planning theories and practices in Indonesia. A notable example of these positive outcomes is the fact that this new town has a considerable density compared to most post-World War II new cities across the United Kingdom. According to Silver (2008), Kebayoran Baru

1692-455: The owner of Artha Graha Bank), among others. Kebayoran Baru, and the district of Menteng , is the most expensive residential districts in Indonesia, having very high land prices per square foot. Although Kebayoran Baru, in the Sukarno era, was solely a residential area, the district now harbors many commercial ventures, is known for its lifestyle businesses . The southern part of the neighborhood

1739-403: The plan's initial layout. Furthermore, according to Handinoto (1954), after Kebayoran Baru was finally completed in 1945, it did not achieve the intended goals. Only 4,720 homes were constructed out of a total of 7,050; and public facilities such as local markets, schools, mosques, and a church also didn't meet the intended outcome, with only 162 built out of the expected 352 public amenities. On

1786-399: The residential area, 16% for green space, and 14% for shops and other buildings. The remaining 25% of Kebayoran Baru area was allocated for roads. Kebayoran Baru is divided into several blocks (Indonesian blok ) from A to S. Today the block names of Kebayoran Baru has been largely forgotten, however some of the names linger in the name of the public facility within the urban block. Below is

1833-515: The same name which was developed in the post-war period . Kebayoran Baru was the last residential area to be developed by the Dutch colonial administration . The urban planning was laid in a concept of the Garden city movement , consisting of a well-planned residential area, a shopping center, and a business district, supported with civic facilities such as schools, places of worship, hospitals, and parks. Today,

1880-474: The southwest of the residential area of Kebayoran was the Radio Kebajoran , a radio broadcasting station located just to the west of Block A. The area of radio broadcasting station has never been fully developed, however the name lingers in the name of the streets Jalan Radio Dalam (inner Radio street) and Jalan Antene ("Antennae" street). Jalan KH. Ahmad Dahlan was formerly named Jalan Radio (Radio Street),

1927-689: The street that leads to the Radio Kebajoran complex. The entire area planned as Radio Kebajoran complex is now located in Gandaria Utara Administrative Village. Kebayoran Baru is one of the most affluent areas of Jakarta, where many wealthy citizens reside. Many prominent Indonesians live in the district, including Jusuf Kalla (Vice President of Indonesia and business tycoon), Guruh Sukarnoputra (son of Sukarno and an artist) with his mother Fatmawati , Hary Tanoesoedibjo (Indonesian media tycoon), and Tomy Winata (businessman and

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1974-427: The time, a satellietstad (satellite town) was to be built at least 15 kilometres from the city centre to be a feasible new town; however, in practice, the length between the city centre and the newly built satellite town was only eight kilometres long, and the new connecting highway was immediately filled with ribbon developments on both edges, hence losing its standing as a satellite city. Another criticism that depicts

2021-560: Was completed by Moh. Soesilo. Construction of the master plan followed immediately in March 1949, just a month later. Moh. Soesilo was an urban planner in the Centraal Planologisch Bureau and a student of Thomas Karsten , a renowned Dutch engineer who contributed to the urban planning and the development of architecture in colonial Indonesia . Soesilo designed the master plan for Kebayoran Baru and Pejompongan in 1948; these are

2068-565: Was expected to have a capacity of about 50,000 and 100,000 residents, in comparison with the UK which only projected for 25000 inhabitants. Even more, the core area's density in Kebayoran Baru was relatively close to 500,000 residents when completed. Additionally, the plan for this satellite city also has significant contributions to research in urban planning and future development of new towns in Indonesia generally and in Jakarta specifically. Sumintardja (2010), demonstrated this point clearly by stating that

2115-483: Was replaced by the Odd–even rationing scheme in 2016. Currently, odd–even rationing is implemented every Monday to Friday from 06:00-10:00 and 16:00-21:00 on West Medan Merdeka, Sudirman, Thamrin, Gatot Subroto and 22 other streets in Jakarta. To reduce air pollution as the major impact of the gridlock in the Golden Triangle area, In September 2007, the Government of Jakarta held the city's first Car-Free Day that closed

2162-475: Was the garden city idea that was written in the larger context of metropolitan Jakarta. In Indonesia's post-independence era, Kebayoran Baru drew much attention and served as a model for constructing new cities (Colombijn & Kusno, 2017). In the face of all the critiques about how the development of Kebayoran Baru did not turn out as the intended plan, this satellite city has proved to be a significant example of early planning practice in Indonesia, especially in

2209-459: Was very quick. The 730 ha land in Kebayoran was initially planned as a new airport, established to replace Kemayoran Airport (1940) whose location blocked the development of Batavia eastward. This plan was replaced with a plan for a satellite town for Batavia, the Kebajoran. The first idea for the satellite town was started in July 1948 and was immediately approved in September 1948. The new satellite town

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