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60-510: The Strelasund Crossing with its two bridges and several ferry services connects Stralsund with Rügen, the largest island of Germany and Pomerania. The Western Pomeranian city is the seat of the Vorpommern-Rügen district and, together with Greifswald , Stralsund forms one of four high-level urban centres of the region . The city's name as well as that of the Strelasund are compounds of

120-548: A coating of polyethylene , and finally with special wax as well. The cables were tested for a year at the Technical University of Munich , and finally approved by the Federal Ministry. The steel cables, with a total mass of up to 135 tons, consist of 34 individual strands that are bundled into a sheath to form a single cable with a diameter of 180 mm. They are rated for a tension of 4000  kN . The railings of

180-672: A combined footpath and cycle path. It was completed 1936/1937. Rügenbrücke is the name of the three-lane viaduct completed in 2007 exclusively for motor traffic, between the village of Altefähr on Rugia Island and the Hanseatic and world heritage town of Stralsund ; as part of the concept to turn the B96 and European route E22 into a ring road . Both bridges are operated in parallel. The Rugia Bridge has an overall length of 2,831 metres (9,288 ft), which makes it one of Central Europe's largest bridges. Rügen Bridge (German: Rügenbrücke )

240-525: A ferry to the island of Rügen. In 1168, following the siege of Arkona , the Principality of Rügen became part of Kingdom of Denmark . In the course of German Ostsiedlung , many German settlers, gentry and merchants were invited to settle in the principality, and they eventually populated the Strale settlement. Merchants from other countries as well as locals were attracted to the area and made up one third of

300-488: A length of 532.2 metres. Both structures have a 10-section, single-cell pre-stressed box girder superstructure and are anchored on bored pilings made of cast-in-place concrete. The railings of the Dänholm bridge are designed with a 0.70-metre-high (2.3 ft) internal lining of laminated safety glass as a wind deflector. The final bridge structure is the 539.0-metre-long Strelasund Bridge ( Strelasundbrücke , BW 5). This also has

360-496: A long stretch. The shortest distance, however, was between the sites of the modern town of Stralsund and the village of Altefähr. This point was also very conveniently situated because of the intermediate island of Stralow (later called Dänholm). From here a regular ferry service evolved; around 1000 or 1100 herring was already being traded here and, during excavations on the island of Rügen, even Arabic coins were found. The two ferry stages developed into larger settlements following

420-837: A member of the Hanseatic League . A total of 300 ships flying the flag of Stralsund cruised the Baltic Sea in the 14th century. In 1325 the Principality of Rügen became part of the Duchy of Pomerania , Stralsund however maintained a considerable independence. In the 17th century opposing forces in the Thirty Years' War fought over Stralsund. In the Battle of Stralsund (1628) , the Imperial (Catholic) forces commanded by Albrecht von Wallenstein besieged

480-635: A resting place for tens of thousands of cranes and geese . Its area is 805 km (311 sq mi). Approximately half the area of the park is open Baltic Sea; more than another quarter covers parts of the lagoons in the Darss-Zingst Bodden Chain including the West Rügen Bodden . Thus it protects these shallow water areas (in the Baltic Sea, the National Park boundary is based on

540-493: A single-cell prestressed concrete box girder superstructure. The last section of the Strelasund Crossing runs down another embankment. The length of this embankment is 455.95 metres, beyond that is a further 732.0 metres of roadway. Filled with 225,000 m of earth, the ramp sides have sheet pilings covering an area of 20,690 m , that runs up to the junction of the crossing with the transport hub of Altefähr. In this area there

600-407: Is Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 's largest national park, situated at the coast of the Baltic Sea . It consists of several peninsulas, islands and lagoon shore areas in the Baltic Sea , belonging to the district of Vorpommern-Rügen . The national park includes: The national park is characterised by very shallow water housing a unique coastal fauna. All portions of the national park are famous for being

660-475: Is 327.5-metre-long bridge made of pre-stressed concrete with ten sections and a twin prestressed beam slab girder as the superstructure. BW 1.2 is a 317.0-metre-long bridge with six sections and a single-cell steel composite superstructure that was manufactured by the steelworks in Neumarkt-Sengenthal . An architectural feature is the B 96 approach road section with its two pairs of Y-supports, which enable

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720-405: Is a cable-stayed bridge made of pre-stressed concrete that spans the Strelasund between the city of Stralsund and the island of Rügen. The bridge was built to replace the aging Rügendamm , which will remain in service to provide a rail link and serve local traffic to Dänholm island. The bridge has three lanes, the centre one being demand-activated. The main element of the 4,100 metre crossing

780-605: Is a cycle path underpass. Rügen Causeway ( Rügendamm , literally "Rügen Embankment") is the name of the original road connecting Rügen Island with the City of Stralsund on the mainland of the German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern . The road was built in the 1930s and opened in October 1936. The Rügendamm consists of two parts: The Rügendamm provides the only road and rail access to Dänholm island. Between Stralsund and Altefähr there

840-641: Is also a ferry crossing operated by small passenger ships, which are used exclusively for foot passengers. It is operated by the Weiße Flotte . For thousands of years the Strelasund has separated the island of Rügen from what is today the West Pomeranian mainland. For at least seven millennia, people have settled on the island, establishing their holy sites here too, such as the Swantevit site at Cape Arkona . From

900-656: Is another tourist attraction at the harbor. The Fachhochschule Stralsund is a University of Applied Sciences with a modern campus, north of the old town at the Strelasund . It has around 2,500 students and is among the best ranked public universities in Germany in various fields, especially in economics. Other university departments are Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Information Technology. The FH Stralsund also offers international study programs, such as Leisure and Tourism Management and Baltic Management Studies (international business management). Stralsund

960-719: Is linked to the A20 motorway (towards Berlin and Hamburg ), via the B96n dual-carriageway. Other major roads include the B105 (beginning in the city centre and continuing to Rostock ) and the B96 (major road to Rügen ) and the B194 to the town of Grimmen . Stralsund Hauptbahnhof is on the line to Berlin , Rostock , Pasewalk and Bergen . When travelling by air, passengers usually do so via Rostock-Laage Airport with connecting flights from Munich . A small airport, Stralsund Barth Airport , also serves

1020-802: Is located close to the Western Pomerania Lagoon Area National Park . Stralsund's city borough includes municipal forest and three municipal ponds (the Knieperteich, Frankenteich and Moorteich . The three ponds and the Strelasund lend the Old Town, the original settlement site and historic centre of the city, a protected island ambience. The highest point of the city is the Galgenberg ("Gallows Hill") on its western approaches. The city's territory covers an area of 54.07 km, which makes Stralsund, with its nearly 58,000 inhabitants one of

1080-512: Is located south west of Rügen . It is separated by a small body of water named the Strelasund, which stretches out to the Baltic Sea. Its annual precipitation is 656 mm (25.8 inches) and comparatively low, falling within the lowest third of all precipitation values in Germany . The driest month is February; the most precipitation falls in July. The precipitation varies relatively moderately throughout

1140-436: Is separated from the base by bridge bearings. The base of the main pillar consists of 40 bored pilings with a 1.5 metre diameter. 32 harp-shaped, diagonally tensioned steel cables suspend the two main openings from the drop-shaped pylon. Rügen Bridge is fitted with suspension cables using a system unique in Germany, whereby they are triple-protected from corrosion: first the cables are galvanized , secondly they are covered with

1200-556: Is the 2,831 metre-long main span over the Strelasund. The crossing comprises a total of seven sections, five of which are bridge structures: The southern bridge ramp begins behind its junction with the Stralsund ring road (the B 96 federal road ) and consists, of an 85.53-metre-long embankment structure, measured to the abutment of the first approach bridge. Beyond it are the two Stralsund approach bridges ( Vorlandbrücken Stralsund ) with gradients of up to 4%. The first, structure BW 1.1,

1260-631: Is used purely as a cultural venue, its parish being served now by the Church of the Holy Spirit, which also dates from the 14th century. Two other churches on the Alter Markt Square and the Neuer Markt are still used for church services. The tower of St. Mary's on the Neuer Markt offers a panoramic view over Stralsund and the island of Rügen. St. John's Abbey, a Franciscan monastery from 1254, now houses

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1320-517: The Battle of Stralsund (1807) , when Napoleon Bonaparte 's army occupied it. Seized by Ferdinand von Schill 's freikorps in 1809, it subsequently reverted to French control , with Schill killed in action. With the Congress of Vienna (1815), Stralsund became a part of the Prussian Province of Pomerania and the seat of a government region resembling the former Swedish Pomerania . Following

1380-717: The First World War Stralsund suffered the same sort of political unrest and unemployment that afflicted much of Germany. In May 1919 Stralsund workers clashed with police, and martial law was declared. In the early 1920s the Independent Social Democratic Party (USPD) became the strongest party in Stralsund, but its political fortunes waned rapidly, and in September 1922 it reunited with the Social Democratic Party (SPD). The Stralsunder Zeitung

1440-504: The Fischland-Darß-Zingst Peninsula ). The main industries of Stralsund are shipbuilding , fishing, mechanical engineering , and, to an increasing degree, tourism , life sciences , services and high tech industries, especially information technology and biotechnology . The city of Stralsund is located in northeastern Germany in the region of Western Pomerania in the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern . Stralsund

1500-619: The Middle Ages the Stralsund area formed part of the West Slavic Principality of Rügen . At that time the Dänholm isle and fishing village, both at the site of the latter city, were called Strale or Stralow , Polabian for "arrow" (this meaning underlies the city's coat of arms, which shows an arrow). The full Polabian name can be rendered in Polish as Strzałów . The village also had

1560-571: The Peace of Westphalia (1648) and the Treaty of Stettin (1653) made Stralsund part of Swedish Pomerania . Lost to Brandenburg in the Battle of Stralsund (1678) , it reverted to Sweden in the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1679) . In the Great Northern War in 1715 Charles XII led the defence of Stralsund for a year against the united European armies. Stralsund remained under Swedish control until

1620-679: The Red Army occupied Stralsund on April 28, 1945 – 10 days before the end of the war in Europe. Approximately half its population had fled. During the period of the German Democratic Republic (GDR), Stralsund saw the construction of numerous Plattenbau prefabricated apartment blocks. Its economic life centered on the now state-owned shipyard, which largely focussed on building ships for the Soviet Union . After German reunification in 1990,

1680-569: The Rügen Bridge or Rugia Bridge (German: Rügenbrücke ) and the Rugia Causeway (German: Rügendamm ). Ferry services between Stralsund and Altefähr and between Stahlbrode and Glewitz are also available to cross the Strelasund sound. The Rügendamm was the first fixed crossing over the sound of Strelasund, for both the old Bundesstraße 96 , the Stralsund–Sassnitz railway and

1740-567: The Slavic ( Polabian ) stral and strela ( arrow ; Polish: strzała , Czech: střela ) and the Germanic sund , a strait or sound . The canting arms of the city make reference to that etymology as well as to Stralsund's Hanseatic past in featuring a silver cross pattée (a Hanseatic Cross) above a silver arrow. Stralsund was granted city rights in 1234 and is thus the oldest city in Pomerania. It

1800-412: The 12th century, Christianity spread to the island. The pagan sites fell into ruins or were slighted. These sites had previously been a destination for many pilgrims also from the mainland. They used boats to cross the sound; boats were also used for trade between the island and the mainland. The strait was crossed at many different places, because the island lies within sight of the mainland coast along

1860-567: The 14th century as an old people's home. In 1743 a new building, the Kleines St. Jürgen Kloster , was built at Kniepertor and the site was extended in 1754 to create old people's flats and in 1841 for widow's apartments. First mentioned in 1256, the Heilgeistkloster is now the Hospital of the Holy Spirit. Ferries to Hiddensee and Altefähr , as well as harbor tour boats, dock at the port. In

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1920-478: The Alter Markt Square there is the main landmark of Stralsund: the Brick Gothic city hall from Hanseatic times. This building from 1278 features a remarkable "show façade" that serves the sole purpose of displaying wealth of the city. Citizens can walk through the city hall and its gallery . It also features one of Europe's largest Gothic cellar vaults . The ensemble of buildings on the Alter Markt Square includes

1980-560: The Old Town. In twenty years, from the Wende (turning point) in 1990 to November 2010, 588 of the more than 1,000 old buildings were completely refurbished, including 363 individual monuments. Because of its historical and architectural significance, in 2002 Stralsund's old town together with the old town of Wismar were added to entitled the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage list as the "Historic Centres of Stralsund and Wismar". On

2040-749: The St. Nicholas Church, the Artushof, the Wulflamhaus, the Commandantenhus, the Gewerkschaftshaus and a new apartment complex. The historic houses with their distinctive gables, often renovated at a high financial cost, dominate the scene in the streets of the Old Town. The former Swedish Government Palace is now home to the city construction department. The Museum of Cultural History Museum in Mönchstrasse , in one of

2100-520: The Stralsund City Archives. Regular cultural events also take place here, such as open-air theatre productions. The Gothic abbey of St. Anne and St. Bridget in Schillstrasse was established around 1560 from the merger of the abbey of St. Anne (1480) and the double abbey of Mariakron (1421). The Abbey of St. Jürgen on Mönchstrasse was mentioned in 1278 for the first time. It served in

2160-540: The arrival of Christianity brought by the Danes. In particular, the ferry village of Stralow ( stral means 'arrow' in Middle Low German and Slavic) developed rapidly. At the beginning of the 13th century more and more settlers came, inter alia from Westphalia . Their settlement was encouraged by the princes of Rügen and in 1234 Prince Wizlaw I gave town rights to Stralow. The ferry service to Alte Fähre ('Old Ferry') as

2220-455: The city after the council refused to accept the Capitulation of Franzburg of November 1627. Stralsund resisted with Danish and Swedish support. The Swedish garrison in Stralsund was the first on German soil in history. With the Treaty of Stettin (1630) , the city became one of two major Swedish forts in the Duchy of Pomerania , alongside Stettin (now Szczecin , Poland). After the war,

2280-447: The city locally. City buses are run by SWS (Stadtwerke Stralsund). The current mayor of Stralsund is Alexander Badrow (CDU) since 2008. The most recent mayoral election was held on 8 May 2022, and the results were as follows: The most recent city council election was held on 9 June 2024, and the results were as follows: Stralsund is twinned with: FC Pommern Stralsund were a football team that existed from 1994 to 2018. They were

2340-428: The city's historic old town was thoroughly restored, and Communist-era apartment blocks were renovated and upgraded. In 2002 the old towns of Stralsund and Wismar , some 120 km to the west, were listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites . Stralsund's shipyard was privatized, and thereafter specialized in constructing container ships. The centre of Stralsund has a wealth of historic buildings. Since 1990, large parts of

2400-523: The completion of the Ziegelgraben Bridge for road traffic. In 2004, construction of a new bridge, called the 2nd Strelasund Crossing ( 2. Strelasundquerung ), commenced. German Chancellor Angela Merkel opened the new bridge on 20 October 2007. The name of this new bridge is the Rügen Bridge ( Rügenbrücke ). The Rügen Bridge is a one-tower suspension bridge that has nineteen piers holding it up from

2460-518: The historic old town have been renovated with private and public capital, and with the support of foundations. As a result of the contempt for historic buildings in East Germany many houses were threatened by ruin. The Old Town in particular offers a rich variety of historic buildings, with many former merchants' houses, churches, streets and squares. Of more than 800 listed buildings in Stralsund, more than 500 are designated as individual monuments in

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2520-584: The island of Dänholm . It has a length of 583.30 metres. The two main section, 126 metres (on the mainland side) and 198 metres (on the Dänholm side), are designed as a cable-stayed bridge with a three-cell steel box girder frame, which was made in the Neumarkt-Sengenthal steelworks. The bridge enables shipping to pass with a clearance of 42 metres. The 128-metre-high, light blue pylon is divided into two parts: an approximately 40-metre-high base of concrete and an upper part of steel . The superstructure

2580-478: The island of Hiddensee . In addition, a narrow strip of land on the island of Rügen , next to the bodden lies within the national park. Pine and beech woods, such as the Darß Forest , cover much of the land. In treeless areas there are bogs , resulting from coastal flooding . This Vorpommern-Rügen district location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to

2640-488: The large column spacing of 72 metres at constant height. The railings of the approach bridges have 0.70-metre-high inside walls with laminated safety glass panels as wind deflectors and spray shields. The structures are founded on driven concrete piles cast in-situ. The new Ziegelgraben Bridge (BW 2), designed as a viaduct, crosses the waterway of the Ziegelgraben , an arm of the Strelasund which separates Stralsund from

2700-651: The late 1920s, and by the time of the last free national election in July 1932 the Nazis polled twice as many votes in Stralsund as the SPD. During the Nazi period (1933–1945), Stralsund's military installations expanded, and a naval training base opened on the nearby island of Dänholm . In World War II the city was subjected to repeated Allied bombing . Attacks by the U.S. Army Air Forces in 1944 killed some 800 Stralsunders and destroyed an estimated 8,000 dwellings. The 354th Rifle Division of

2760-529: The most densely populated cities in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (1,480 inhabitants per km). The borough of the Hanseatic city of Stralsund is divided into as follows: The city also possesses estates in the local area as well as on the islands of Rügen , Hiddensee and Ummanz . Larger cities in the nearby area are Greifswald and Rostock . In the local area around Stralsund there are also

2820-468: The most important surviving original houses of the Hanseatic era, was refurbished with funds from the German Foundation for Monument Conservation It offers a guide to understanding the city's history over seven centuries. Three large medieval Brick Gothic buildings – St. Mary's Church , St. Nicholas Church and St. James Church, point to the medieval significance of Stralsund. Today St. James'

2880-427: The new Ziegelgraben Bridge have a 1.5-metre-high (4.9 ft) inside lining with laminated safety glass as a wind deflector. The northern bridge ramp consists of three bridges, an embankment and a road section. After the main bridge comes the Dänholm approach bridge ( Vorlandbrücke Dänholm , BW 3), a 532.3-metre-long approach bridge structure, and the Strelasund approach bridge ( Vorlandbrücke Strelasund , BW 4), with

2940-722: The old town of Wismar in Mecklenburg because of its outstanding Brick Gothic buildings and its importance during the time of the Hanseatic League and when the city belonged to Sweden. St Mary's Church has been the tallest church in the world from 1549 to 1569 and from 1573 to 1647. The city's other two large churches are St Nicholas' and St James'. Stralsund is the seat of the German Oceanographic Museum ( Deutsches Meeresmuseum ) with its satellites Ozeaneum (in Stralsund), Nautineum (on Dänholm Island ), and Natureum (on

3000-431: The place on Rügen was named was becoming increasingly important; more and more goods and wares were traded over the crossing. In 1293 Stralsund became a member of the Hanseatic League and the movement of goods between the island of Rügen and the mainland grew in importance and scope. A ferry between Dänholm and the mainland site of Stralsund was predominantly used by the military. It was established in mid-July 1935, after

3060-481: The settlement's population. The Danish navy used the isle as well. When the settlement had grown to town size, prince Wizlaw I of Rügen granted Lübeck law to "our town Stralow" in 1234, although a significant settlement had existed long before the formal founding. In 1240, when the prince gave additional land to the town, he called it Stralesund . The success of the settlement challenged the powerful Free City of Lübeck , which burnt Stralsund down in 1249. Afterwards

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3120-437: The successor to ASG Vorwärts Stralsund. The Paul Greifzu Stadium built in 1957, off the Barther Straße, hosts the speedway team MC Nordstern Stralsund e.V. The team based at the stadium won the German Team Speedway Championship in 2015 and 2022. Strelasund Crossing Strelasund Crossing is the two links to the German island of Rügen ( Rugia ) over the Strelasund to the West Pomeranian mainland near Stralsund :

3180-430: The summer months the port is a berthing places for river cruisers. There are several yacht harbors and marinas near the Old Town. Hundreds of yachts and boats tie up along the north mole in summer. Architecturally the pilot station and the harbor warehouse ( Hafenspeicher ), as well as the silhouette of the Old Town, form a unique tableau of different historical eras. The barque and former sailor's training ship, Gorch Fock

3240-429: The ten-metre depth contour) with their rich flora and fauna. The differing salt content of the brackish water habitats of the Baltic and the bodden (shallow lagoons) contribute significantly to the local diversity of nature. For example, the Baltic Herring visits the shallow bays regularly to spawn here. The territory of the national park includes parts of the Darß and the peninsula of Zingst as well as most of

3300-431: The town was rebuilt with a massive town wall having 11 town gates and 30 watchtowers. The Neustadt , a town-like suburb, had merged with Stralsund by 1361. Schadegard , a nearby twin city to Stralsund also founded by Wizlaw I, though not granted German law, served as the principal stronghold and enclosed a fort. It was given up and torn down by 1269 under pressure from the Stralsund Bürger . In 1293 Stralsund became

3360-922: The towns of Barth and Ribnitz-Damgarten . Many of the smaller villages in the vicinity, like Prohn or Negast , have grown sharply after 1990 as a result of the influx of those living or working in Stralsund.   Principality of Rügen 1168–1325 [REDACTED] Duchy of Pomerania 1325–1648 [REDACTED] Sweden 1648–1807 [REDACTED] French Empire 1807–1809 [REDACTED] Prussian rebels 1809 [REDACTED] French Empire 1809–1810 [REDACTED] Sweden 1810–1812 [REDACTED] French Empire 1812–1813 [REDACTED] Sweden 1813–1814 [REDACTED] Denmark , 1814-1815 [REDACTED] Kingdom of Prussia , 1815-1918 [REDACTED] German Reich , 1918–1945 [REDACTED] Soviet occupation zone 1945–1949 [REDACTED] German Democratic Republic 1949–1990 [REDACTED] Federal Republic of Germany 1990–present In

3420-404: The water. The connection has a length of 4.1 kilometres (2.5 mi), the new bridge is 2,831 metres (9,288 ft) long and the centre pylon is 128 metres (420 ft) tall. The new bridge crosses but does not provide access to Dänholm island. Western Pomerania Lagoon Area National Park The Western Pomerania Lagoon Area National Park ( Nationalpark Vorpommersche Boddenlandschaft )

3480-434: The year. Only 40% of weather stations in Germany exhibit lower seasonal variation. The city lies on the sound of Strelasund , a strait of the Baltic Sea . Its geographic proximity to the island of Rügen , whose only fixed link to the mainland, the Strelasund Crossing , runs between Stralsund and the village of Altefähr , has given Stralsund the sobriquet "Gateway to the Island of Rügen" ( Tor zur Insel Rügen ). Stralsund

3540-471: Was one of the most prosperous members of the medieval Hanseatic League . In 1628, during the Thirty Years' War , the city came under Swedish rule and remained so until the upheavals of the Napoleonic Wars . It was the capital of Swedish Pomerania ( New Western Pomerania ) from 1720 to 1815. From 1815 to 1945, Stralsund was part of Prussia . Stralsund's old town is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site "Historic Centres of Stralsund and Wismar" alongside

3600-408: Was published as a local newspaper in Stralsund. In the national parliamentary election of May 1924, the conservative German National People's Party (DNVP) polled 8,547 votes in Stralsund, the SPD 3,534, the Communists 1,825 and the German People's Party (DVP) of Foreign Minister Gustav Stresemann 1,417. However, in keeping with national trends, Hitler 's National Socialists made rapid gains in

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