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93-541: Statesboro is the most populous city in and county seat of Bulloch County, Georgia , United States . Located in the southeastern part of the state, its population was 33,438 at the 2020 census . It is the principal city of the Statesboro micropolitan area , which had 81,099 residents, and is part of the Savannah–Hinesville–Statesboro combined statistical area . The city was chartered in 1803, starting as

186-526: A Superior Court and Sheriff (as an officer of the court ), both located in a designated "shire town". Bennington County, Vermont has two shire towns; the court for "North Shire" is in the shire town Manchester , and the Sheriff for the county and court for "South Shire" are in the shire town Bennington. In 2024, Connecticut , which had not defined their counties for anything but statistical, historical and weather warning purposes since 1960, along with ending

279-626: A 4-year program, it was renamed as the South Georgia Teachers College in 1929. Other name changes were to Georgia Teachers College in 1939, and Georgia Southern College in 1959. After this period, it became racially integrated and with development of graduate programs and research in numerous fields, since 1990 it has had university status as Georgia Southern University . Statesboro is located at 32°26′43″N 81°46′45″W  /  32.44528°N 81.77917°W  / 32.44528; -81.77917 (32.445147, -81.779234). The city

372-523: A USG institution based in nearby Swainsboro , operates a satellite center within the campus of Georgia Southern. Ogeechee Technical College (OTC) is a part of the Technical College System of Georgia , providing technical and adult education to area students; OTC is located on U.S. Highway 301 South, outside of the city limits and approximately 4 miles (6 km) southwest of Georgia Southern's campus. The Bulloch County Board of Education runs

465-418: A blend of both its southern heritage and college town identity. The city has developed a unique culture, common in many college towns, that coexists with the university students in creating an art scene, music scene and intellectual environment. Statesboro is home to numerous restaurants, bars, live music venues, bookstores and coffee shops that cater to its creative college town climate. Statesboro's downtown

558-549: A bush or small tree and yields cotton with unusually long, silky fibers. G. barbadense originated in southwest Ecuador and northwest Peru. It is now cultivated around the world, including China, Egypt, Sudan, India, Australia, Peru, Israel, the southwestern United States, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. It accounts for about 5% of the world's cotton production. Linnaeus is given credit for describing Gossypium barbadense ("cotton encountered in Barbados"). Today, this name

651-410: A county seat may be an independent city surrounded by, but not part of, the county of which it is the administrative center; for example, Fairfax City is both the county seat of Fairfax County, Virginia and completely surrounded by Fairfax County, but the city is politically independent of the county. When the county seat is in the independent city, government offices such as the courthouse may be in

744-693: A daily with a circulation of about 6,000. Other newspapers include the George-Anne produced by Georgia Southern University students, Connect Statesboro , a weekly entertainment publication, and the E11eventh Hour , a twice-a-month entertainment publication. Radio stations include WHKN , WMCD , WPMX , WPTB , WWNS , and WVGS . Statesboro Business Magazine offers Statesboro and area business news, articles, features, jobs, real estate listings and other area business information and reviews. StatesboroHerald.com has received numerous state and national awards from

837-408: A few other New World cotton species arose from the same ancestor. One form of G. barbadense has been recognized as a variety. Var brasiliense is called "kidney seed cotton" because its seeds are fused together into somewhat kidney-shaped masses. G. barbadense , like other cottons, forms a small bush in its first year. In cultivation, it is treated as an annual. If allowed to, it can grow into

930-563: A garden in Cairo. Based on its description, it seems likely it was the recently developed long fiber kind of G. barbadense from the New World. Encouraged by the success of Jumel's cotton, Egyptians tested other seeds, including Sea Island. The next major cultivar in Egypt, "early Ashmouni," likely was a hybrid between Jumel and a Sea Island cultivar. Likewise, the following major cultivar, "Mit Afifi," likely

1023-610: A large bush or even a small tree of height 1–3 m. Leaves are mostly 8–20 cm long, with 3-7 lobes. One distinction between G. barbadense and the more commonly cultivated G. hirsutum is that G. barbadense has three to five lobes whereas G. hirsutum has only three. The lobes of G. barbadense' s are also more deeply cut, about two-thirds the length of the leaf, as opposed to one half for G. hirsutum . Cotton flowers are showy, with five petals that open only partially. The petals are up to 8 cm long, usually yellow. The petals of Sea Island cultivars typically are creamy yellow with

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1116-530: A log structure that doubled as a barn when court was not in session. After the Civil War, the small town began to grow, and Statesboro has developed as a major town in southeastern Georgia. Many freedmen stayed in the area, working on plantations as sharecroppers and tenant farmers . Following the Reconstruction era , racial violence of whites against blacks increased. In the era from 1880 to 1930, Georgia had

1209-420: A more important commodity crop. Sea Island planters could buy seed to plant each year, or they could plant seed saved from the previous year. Named cultivars resulted when particular planters gained a reputation for selecting the best seed to replant. Examples include "Seabrook", named after plantation proprietor William Seabrook, and "Bleak Hall", named after the plantation John Townsend managed. An incident in

1302-501: A permanent charter to the city, changing the spelling of its name to the present "Statesboro." During the Civil War and General William T. Sherman's famous March to the Sea through Georgia, a Union officer asked a saloon proprietor for directions to Statesboro. The proprietor replied, "You are standing in the middle of town," indicating its small size. The soldiers destroyed the courthouse,

1395-419: A red spot at the base, and as they wither, they turn rose pink. Like other members of the mallow family, the flowers have many stamens, which are merged to form a cylinder around the style. The seeds and fiber form in a capsule called a "bole". Each bole is divided into three parts, each of which produce 5-8 seeds. The seeds are 8-10 mm long. Thousands of years of cultivation have dramatically changed

1488-513: A small area near the Guayas Estuary in Ecuador and an island off of Manta, Ecuador . It can be grown as a perennial throughout the tropics. It is sensitive to frost. Nevertheless, it can be grown as an annual in regions where the summers are long enough for the bolls to mature. The earliest known evidence of human use of G. barbadense has been along the coast of present-day Ecuador and Peru. It

1581-576: A small trading community providing basic essentials for surrounding cotton plantations . This drove the economy throughout the 19th century, both before and after the American Civil War . In 1906, Statesboro was selected as the home of the First District A&;M School, a land grant college that eventually developed into Georgia Southern University . Statesboro inspired the blues song " Statesboro Blues ", written by Blind Willie McTell in

1674-710: A variety of cultural options available both for the university and the wider community: the Georgia Southern Symphony, the Georgia Southern Planetarium, Georgia Southern Museum, and the Botanical Gardens at Bland Cottage . Touring groups appear at the Performing Arts Center, and also featured are shows put on by Georgia Southern students and faculty. Mill Creek Regional Park is a large outdoor recreational facility with athletic fields and

1767-596: A variety of other trees can be found in the area. Statesboro has a humid subtropical climate , according to the Köppen classification . The city experiences very hot and humid summers with average July highs of about 91 °F (33 °C) and lows around 70 °F (21 °C). Afternoon thunderstorms associated with the summer heat and humidity can spawn from time to time. Winters are mild, with average January highs of 58 °F (14 °C) and lows of 36 °F (2 °C). Winter storms are rare, but they happen periodically,

1860-889: A water park, Splash in the Boro . The Georgia Southern University Eagles field 17 varsity teams in the Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) and are members of the NCAA Division I Sun Belt Conference . Prior to joining the Sun Belt Conference in 2014, the Eagles were members of the Trans America Athletic Conference (presently known as the ASUN Conference ) and the Southern Conference . During their time at

1953-420: Is a member of the mallow family, Malvaceae . Authors differ on the ranks between family and genus. A recent example that considers cladistics is Bayer et al. (1999). In this system, G. barbadense and other cottons fall in the subfamily Malvoideae and tribe Gossypiae . The tribe Gossypiae includes the cottons and other species that produce the substance gossypol . The genus Gossypium encompasses

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2046-419: Is about three hours by highway from the major Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport . Interstate 16 is located 10 miles (16 km) to the south of Statesboro. Statesboro is also served by three U.S. highways : U.S. Highway 301 , which runs north–south through the city, U.S. Highway 25 , which runs northwest–south through the city, and U.S. Highway 80 , which is the main east–west route through

2139-566: Is grown chiefly in California, with small acreages in West Texas, New Mexico and Arizona. Although Tanguis represents a tiny fraction of the worldwide market, it is remarkable because it was developed relatively recently from local populations in G. barbadense' s home territory of Peru. Although it produces fiber shorter and rougher than other modern market classes, it has unique properties useful for certain industrial applications. It accounts for

2232-415: Is in the mallow family. It has been cultivated since antiquity, but has been especially prized since a form with particularly long fibers was developed in the 19th century. Other names associated with this species include Sea Island , Egyptian , Pima , and extra-long staple (ELS) cotton. The species is a tropical, frost-sensitive perennial that produces yellow flowers and has black seeds. It grows as

2325-409: Is known as the seat of its county. Generally, the county legislature, county courthouse, sheriff's department headquarters, hall of records, jail and correctional facility are located in the county seat, though some functions (such as highway maintenance, which usually requires a large garage for vehicles, along with asphalt and salt storage facilities) may also be located or conducted in other parts of

2418-538: Is located in southeastern Georgia along U.S. Routes 80 , 25 , and 301 . US 80 runs northwest to southeast through the city, leading southeast 58 mi (93 km) to Savannah and west-northwest 37 mi (60 km) to Swainsboro . US 25 and 301 run concurrently through the center of town and split upon their junction with US 80, leading south 12 mi (19 km) to Interstate 16 at exit 116. US 25 leads north 29 mi (47 km) to Millen and US 301 north 24 mi (39 km) to Sylvania . According to

2511-407: Is now cultivated around the world, including China, Egypt, Sudan, India, Australia, Peru, Israel, the southwestern United States, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. The species accounts for about 5% of the world's cotton production. Certain regions specialize in G. barbadense . One reason is to prevent different species of cotton from hybridizing with each other. If a field of G. barbadense

2604-472: Is plausible humans in that area were also the first to domesticate the species. However, available evidence, such as seeds found in the floors of ancient houses, could be the result of either cultivated or wild-gathered cotton. So far, archaeologists have found evidence of widespread use in this region about 5000 years ago. Further, they have strong evidence at a few sites dating back 5500 years, and weaker evidence as far back as 7800 years. Investigators at one of

2697-487: Is the largest employer in the city, with 6,700 regional jobs tied directly and indirectly to the campus. Agriculture is responsible for $ 100 million in annual farm gate revenues. Statesboro is home to multiple manufacturing facilities. Statesboro Briggs & Stratton Plant is the third-largest employer in the region with 950 employees. The Development Authority of Bulloch County retains over 100 acres (40 ha) of GRAD (Georgia Ready for Accelerated Development) land at

2790-459: Is too close to a field of a different species, the result is generally poor quality of the fiber. Traders in cotton have developed several broad categories called market classes. These categories are based on the characteristics of the fiber and the region where they are produced. In the United States, some market classes have been formalized in law. Sea Island is a historical market class. It

2883-415: Is universally accepted; however, there is some question whether the modern definition matches what Linnaeus described. Paul A. Fryxell argues, although the evidence surviving from Linnaeus's time is less than ideal, the name is applied correctly. On the other hand, Y. I. Prokhanov and G. K. Brizicky argue that Linnaeus never actually saw any examples of the species we now call G. barbadense . The species

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2976-561: The CCAT public school district , is a charter school located within the city limits. In 2016 CCAT was renamed Statesboro STEAM - College, Careers, Arts, & Technology Academy. Statesboro is served by a variety of media outlets in print, radio, television, and the Internet. Statesboro Magazine is the community's premier quality of life publication. The local newspaper is the Statesboro Herald ,

3069-683: The Football Championship Subdivision (FCS/I-AA) level, the Eagles football team won an unprecedented six national championships . South Georgia Tormenta FC fields a professional team in USL League One , the third tier of the American Soccer Pyramid . The club's inaugural season was the 2016 season. Games are played at Optim Sports Medicine Field at Tormenta Stadium. The club won the USL League One championship in

3162-607: The United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 13.9 square miles (35.9 km), of which 13.5 square miles (35.0 km) is land and 0.35 square miles (0.9 km), or 2.60%, is water. The city is in the coastal plain region, or Low Country, of Georgia, so it is mainly flat with a few small hills. With an elevation of 250 feet (76 m), the downtown area is one of the highest places in Bulloch County. Pine, oak, magnolia, dogwood, palm, sweetgum , and

3255-414: The cotton gin by the end of the 18th century utterly changed the production of cotton as a commodity crop. It made processing of short-staple cotton profitable. This cotton, known as upland cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum ), could be grown successfully in the interior uplands. Short-staple cotton became the prime commodity crop of the developing Deep South, and King Cotton was the basis of southern wealth in

3348-656: The public school district in Statesboro. The largest school in the city is Statesboro High School . Other public schools include Southeast Bulloch High School, William James Middle School, Langston Chapel Middle School, Southeast Bulloch Middle School, Julia P. Bryant Elementary School, Sallie Zetterower Elementary School, Mattie Lively Elementary School, Langston Chapel Elementary School, and Mill Creek Elementary School. Private schools include Bulloch Academy , Trinity Christian School, and Bible Baptist Christian School. The Charter Conservatory for Liberal Arts and Technology , part of

3441-561: The 1650s, Barbados had become the first English colony in the West Indies to export cotton to Europe. By the late 1700s and early 1800s, G. barbadense was a major commercial crop in the West Indies. After the early 19th century, it was mostly supplanted as a cash crop by sugar cane . There have been a few periods since the early 1800s when cotton production has been attractive in the West Indies, but generally sugar cane has been more profitable. Cotton traders use many systems to classify

3534-536: The 1920s, and covered in a well-known version by the Allman Brothers Band . In 2017, Statesboro was selected in the top three of the national America's Best Communities competition and was named one of nine Georgia "live, work, play" cities by the Georgia Municipal Association. In 1801, George Sibbald of Augusta donated a 9,301-acre (37.64 km) tract for a centrally located county seat for

3627-774: The 2022 season. Georgia Southern University is the city's principal institution of higher learning. The university, a unit of the University System of Georgia (USG), was founded as the First District Agricultural and Mechanical School in 1906 as a land grant college , open only to white students. On July 1, 1990, it became the fifth university of the University System, and as of 2015 is a comprehensive residential university of nearly 20,000 students. The university's graduate programs are offered on campus, at satellite centers, and by distance and on-line delivery. For

3720-610: The Gateway Industrial Park. Southern Gateway Park is a newly developed 200-acre (81 ha) tract located at the intersection of U.S. 301 and Interstate 16 in close proximity to the Court of Savannah. Southern Gateway is served by municipal water, sewer and natural gas lines. GAF, the largest privately owned roofing manufacturer in North America, relocated to Statesboro in the early 21st century. The culture of Statesboro reflects

3813-876: The Hodge family murders by an all-white jury and sentenced to death on August 16, 1904, but they were abducted that day from the courthouse by a lynch mob and brutally burned to death. Handy Bell, another suspect, was lynched and burned by a mob that night. White violence against blacks did not end; both men and women were physically attacked on the streets. Two more black men were lynched in August 1904: Sebastian McBride in Portal , another town in Bulloch County, and A.L. Scott in Wilcox County . To escape oppression and violence, many African Americans left Statesboro and Bulloch County altogether, causing local businessmen to worry about labor shortages in

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3906-475: The Sea Islands is that the cotton in the Sea Islands came from the West Indies, an area where all the cultivated cotton was short fiber (by today's standards) and required a long growing season. A distinctive cotton could not be developed in the Sea Islands, at least not by the methods of hybridization or selection, because frost killed the plants before they had a chance to produce seed. One possible explanation

3999-546: The USDA, David Fairchild visited Egypt in 1902 and brought back a few Egyptian cultivars. A USDA team led by Thomas H. Kearney selected among these cultivars, and after a decade of refinement, released the first cultivar successful in the southwestern United States. This first commercially successful cultivar was named "Yuma", after the Arizona town near the experiment station where it was developed. Kearney's second successful cultivar

4092-879: The United States, followed by Towson , the county seat of Baltimore County, Maryland . Likewise, some county seats may not be incorporated in their own right, but are located within incorporated municipalities. For example, Cape May Court House, New Jersey , though unincorporated, is a section of Middle Township , an incorporated municipality. In some states, often those that were among the original Thirteen Colonies , county seats include or formerly included "Court House" as part of their name, such as Spotsylvania Courthouse, Virginia . Most counties have only one county seat. However, some counties in Alabama , Arkansas , Georgia , Iowa , Kentucky , Massachusetts , Mississippi , Missouri , New Hampshire , New York , and Vermont have two or more county seats, usually located on opposite sides of

4185-542: The antebellum years. This cotton in the early 21st century represents about 95% of U.S. production. Among the earliest planters of Sea Island cotton in North America was an Englishman, Francis Levett . Other cotton planters came from Barbados. At the outbreak of the American Revolution, Levett left his Georgia plantation and went to the Bahamas . He attempted to introduce cotton production, but failed. Sugar cane had been

4278-465: The bolls open when they mature, revealing showy "snowballs" of fiber. All cottons contain gossypol , although some cultivars of G. hirsutum have been selected to minimize this chemical. Those cultivars are more susceptible to insect pests, which suggests the natural purpose of gossypol is to deter pests. The impact of gossypol in agriculture is it makes cotton plants poisonous to non-ruminant animals. Wild forms of G. barbadense have been found in

4371-431: The circa 5500 year-old sites, in the Ñachoc valley in northern Peru, argue that domestication did not happen there, therefore G. barbasense was domesticated elsewhere and then brought to Ñachoc. By 1000 BCE, Peruvian cotton bolls were indistinguishable from modern cultivars of G. barbadense . Native Americans grew cotton widely throughout South America and in the West Indies, where Christopher Columbus encountered it. At

4464-422: The city. The Veterans Memorial Parkway ( Highway 301 Bypass and Highway 25 Bypass) forms a near circle around the city. U.S. Routes: State Routes: Rail service for freight is provided by Norfolk Southern Railway . County seat In Canada , the provinces of Ontario , Quebec , New Brunswick , Prince Edward Island , and Nova Scotia have counties as an administrative division of government below

4557-444: The coasts of South Carolina and Georgia, especially by the late 18th century. Sea Island cotton commanded the highest price of all the cottons because of its long staple (1.5 to 2.5 inches, 38 to 64 mm) and silky texture; it was used for the finest cotton counts and often mixed with silk . Although planters tried to grow it on the uplands of Georgia, the quality was inferior, and it was too expensive to process. The invention of

4650-399: The cords of automobile tires and cloth for aircraft wings. It is also used for sewing machine thread. G. barbadense fiber is also used for some luxury goods where the fiber qualities are less important than the reputation of the best quality materials. Sometimes the same names that are used to describe market classes are also used to describe finished items. However, the reputations of

4743-474: The cotton and turpentine industries. African Americans made a Great Migration from the rural South to northern cities in the first half of the 20th century. Local effects can be seen in the drop in Statesboro population growth from 1910 to 1930 on the census tables below in the "Demographics" section. Around the turn of the century, new businesses in Statesboro included stores and banks built along North, East, South, and West Main streets. In 1908, Statesboro led

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4836-457: The cottons. The genus can be divided by chromosome count. Subgenus Karpas has 52 chromosomes (four sets of 13). This subgenus encompasses G. barbadense , along with G. hirsutum and a few other New World cottons. In comparison, the commercially important Old World cottons have 26 chromosomes. Most botanists that study Gossypium believe the group of cottons with 52 chromosomes form a clade. In other words, G. barbadense , G. hirsutum , and

4929-517: The counties after his unification, there were about 1,000. Under the Eastern Han dynasty , the number of counties increased to above 1,000. About 1400 existed when the Sui dynasty abolished the commandery level (郡 jùn), which was the level just above counties, and demoted some commanderies to counties. In Imperial China, the county was a significant administrative unit because it marked the lowest level of

5022-418: The county, especially if it is geographically large. A county seat is usually an incorporated municipality . The exceptions include the county seats of counties that have no incorporated municipalities within their borders, such as Arlington County, Virginia , where the county seat is the entire county. Ellicott City , the county seat of Howard County, Maryland , is the largest unincorporated county seat in

5115-420: The county. Examples include Harrison County, Mississippi , which has both Biloxi and Gulfport as county seats, and Hinds County, Mississippi , which has both Raymond and the state capital of Jackson . The practice of multiple county seat towns dates from the days when travel was difficult. There have been few efforts to eliminate the two-seat arrangement, since a county seat is a source of civic pride for

5208-497: The early 20th century illustrates the importance of seed selection. The best seed selectors, in order to stop planters in the West Indies from benefiting from their work, they quit selling seed, even to their neighbors. This resulted in a decline in quality across the Sea Island region. Sea island never fully recovered from the disruptions of the U.S. Civil War. In the early 20th century, the boll weevil caused tremendous damage in

5301-539: The fiber in cotton plants. Wild cottons have very little fiber, so little it might not be noticed. The fiber emanates from each seed. The purpose of the fiber to wild plants is unknown. Domesticated cottons have much more fiber. Besides the more obvious long fibers, domesticated cotton seeds have short fibers called "linters". Some cultivars of G. barbadense have so few of these short hairs they are often called "lintless". They can also be called "smooth-seeded" as opposed to "fuzzy-seeded" G. hirsutum . As with all cottons,

5394-473: The growing agricultural community of Bulloch County. The area was developed by white planters largely for cotton plantations that were worked by black slave labor. In December 1803, the Georgia legislature created the town of Statesborough. The community most likely was named after the notion of states' rights , an issue central in the 1800 United States presidential election . In 1866 the state legislature granted

5487-473: The highest rate of lynchings of any state in the nation. Among them were three black men who were lynched and burned to death on August 16, 1904, near Statesboro. A fourth man was lynched later in the month in Bulloch County. After a white farm family was killed, the white community spread unfounded rumors of black clergy urging blacks to violence against whites, and more than twelve black men were arrested in this case. Paul Reed and Will Cato were convicted of

5580-424: The imperial bureaucratic structure; in other words, it was the lowest level that the government reached. Government below the county level was often undertaken through informal non-bureaucratic means, varying between dynasties. The head of a county was the magistrate , who oversaw both the day-to-day operations of the county as well as civil and criminal cases. The current number of counties mostly resembled that of

5673-572: The increase of Han Chinese population in Taiwan, the number of counties also grew by time. By the end of Qing era, there were 11 counties in Taiwan. Protestant missionaries in China first romanized the term as hien . When Taiwan became a Japanese colony in 1895, the hierarchy of divisions also incorporated into the Japanese system in the period when Taiwan was under Japanese rule. By September 1945, Taiwan

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5766-611: The independent city under an agreement, such as in Albemarle , or may in be enclaves of the county surrounded by the independent city, such as in Fairfax . Others, such as Prince William , have the courthouse in an enclave surrounded by the independent city and have the county government, the Board of Supervisors, in a different part of the county, far from the county seat. The following counties have their county seat in an independent city: Bedford

5859-463: The largest market of the "Bright Tobacco Belt" spanning Georgia and Florida . The 1906 First District Agricultural & Mechanical School at Statesboro was developed as a land grant college , initiated by federal legislation to support education. Its mission shifted in the 1920s to teacher training; and in 1924 it was renamed as the Georgia Normal School. With expansion of the curriculum to

5952-732: The later years of the Qing dynasty . Changes of location and names of counties in Chinese history have been a major field of research in Chinese historical geography, especially from the 1960s to the 1980s. There are 1,355 counties in Mainland China out of a total of 2,851 county-level divisions. In Taiwan , the first counties were first established in 1661 by the Kingdom of Tungning . The later ruler Qing empire inherited this type of administrative divisions. With

6045-465: The long, fine fiber G. barbadense of today. However, since this event could not have happened in the Sea Islands, it is not sufficient to explain the Sea Islands' distinctive product. Unusual weather in 1785 and 1786 helped develop G. barbadense production in the Sea Islands. According to historical records, planters in Georgia were trying to introduce G. barbadense , but the plants would die from frost before they could produce seed or fiber. However,

6138-505: The majority of Peru's cotton production (about 80% in 2011). Most G. barbadense production comes from cultivars that produce particularly long fiber, and most of that is made into clothing. Fine (thin) yarn requires long fiber. In turn, this thin yarn is required for intermediate products like lace and high thread-count cloth. The long-fiber cultivars also tend to have particularly strong fibers, making them useful for various industrial products. Historically, G. barbadense has been used for

6231-543: The most recent being an ice storm in January 2018. On February 12, 2010, approximately 2 inches (5.1 cm) of snow fell on the city. As of the 2020 United States census , there were 33,438 people, 10,214 households, and 4,569 families residing in the city. The economy of Statesboro is based on education, manufacturing, and agribusiness sectors. Statesboro serves as a regional economic hub and has more than one billion dollars in annual retail sales. Georgia Southern University

6324-483: The names "Egyptian" and to a lesser extent "Pima" have been degraded by items made of lower quality fiber. To overcome this difficulty, a group of American Pima growers established the name Supima for finished products. This group of growers hold trademark rights, enabling them to enforce quality and origin requirements for Supima products. Small quantities of Tanguis and other short-fibered cultivars are grown for specialized purposes. G. barbadense can be used as

6417-502: The newspaper industry for online innovation. Approximately 3 miles (5 km) outside of Statesboro is the Statesboro-Bulloch County Airport , which can accommodate private aircraft but does not have a control tower or commercial flights. Most travelers use the nearby Savannah/Hilton Head International Airport , which is located 45 miles (72 km) to the east and is served by eight commercial airlines. Statesboro

6510-636: The past decade, the university has combined a capital building program with beautification of the nearly 700-acre (2.8 km) campus. The university facilities include a museum of cultural and natural history, a botanical garden, and a center for wildlife education located within the campus grounds. The university's Division I athletic teams, the Georgia Southern Eagles , compete in the Sun Belt Conference . Two community colleges are also located in Statesboro. East Georgia State College (EGSC),

6603-752: The provincial level, and thus county seats. In the provinces of Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia the term "shire town" is used in place of county seat. County seats in China are the administrative centers of the counties in the People's Republic of China . Xian have existed since the Warring States period and were set up nationwide by the Qin dynasty . The number of counties in China proper gradually increased from dynasty to dynasty. As Qin Shi Huang reorganized

6696-702: The quality of cotton fiber. One of the most significant distinctions is "staple length", length of the individual fibers. Traditionally, cultivars of Gossypium barbadense fall into the "long-staple" category. The term extra-long-staple (ELS) first came into use in 1907. The International Cotton Advisory Committee , in an attempt to standardize classification, defined extra-long-staple as 1 + 3 ⁄ 8 inches (35 mm) or longer, and long-staple as 1 + 1 ⁄ 8 to 1 + 5 ⁄ 16 inches (29 to 33 mm). Under this classification scheme, most cultivars of G. barbadense produce extra-long-staple fibers, but some cultivars qualify as long-staple. G. barbadense

6789-459: The rest of the southeastern United States, specializing in this high-quality G. barbadense . Meanwhile, the rest of the southeastern United States developed its own market class "upland". By 1803, the Charleston SC market recognized class distinctions of Sea Island, South Carolina upland, West Indian, and Mississippi. What was called Sea Island cotton was cultivated on the Sea Islands, along

6882-405: The resulting plant produced fine fibers, but was surprised to find it also had long fiber and short growing season. He then demonstrated this could be rather easily back-hybridized (see introgression ) to form a cotton that retained these desirable characteristics, yet was almost entirely G. barbadense . He argued that such an event could have happened accidentally in the 18th century, resulting in

6975-470: The same region. Since then, most of these regions have transitioned to specialize in a particular kind of cotton, resulting in the distinctive market classes of today. During the 17th century, European colonists in the English West Indies developed cotton as a cash crop for export to Europe, establishing numerous plantations operated by white indentured servants and Black slaves to do so. By

7068-764: The state's area, has no borough government or borough seat. One borough, the Lake and Peninsula Borough , has its borough seat located in another borough, namely King Salmon in Bristol Bay Borough . In Louisiana , which is divided into parishes rather than counties, county seats are referred to as "parish seats". In New England , counties have served mainly as dividing lines for the states' judicial systems. Rhode Island has no county level of government and thus no county seats, and Massachusetts has dissolved many but not all of its county governments. In Vermont , Massachusetts , and Maine county government consists only of

7161-425: The subject of considerable controversy. Nevertheless, developing the market class required developing cultivars that would be productive in the Sea Islands, and developing a product that was distinct from other kinds of cotton. It also required at least some producers and consumers to agree "Sea Island" was a useful category. One of the challenges explaining the development of a long fiber cotton that would thrive in

7254-449: The terms "Egyptian long-staple" and Egyptian extra-long staple" are used, as Egypt and Sudan produce cottons with a variety of fiber lengths. The development of the market class started in 1820, when Jumel's cotton entered commercial production. This was a type of cotton that had been growing in the region for some time, but a French engineer named Jumel recognized its potential as a source of fiber when he saw it growing as an ornamental in

7347-520: The time of Columbus, indigenous peoples of the West Indies raised G. barbadense as a dooryard crop, single plants near residences. The advent of worldwide trade resulted in many kinds of plants being introduced to new places (see Columbian exchange ). In the case of cotton, this exchange happened in all directions, new world cottons to the old world, old world cottons to the new world, and cottons to places which they had never grown before. In some cases, this resulted in multiple kinds of cotton growing in

7440-416: The towns involved, along with providing employment opportunities. There are 33 counties with multiple county seats in 11 states: Alaska is divided into boroughs rather than counties; the county seat in these case is referred to as the "borough seat"; this includes six consolidated city-borough governments (one of which is styled as a "municipality"). The Unorganized Borough, Alaska , which covers 49% of

7533-470: The traditional cotton-growing regions of the United States. Sea Island cultivars were particularly susceptible. Also, wet conditions on the islands moderated soil temperatures, further favoring the insect. Production of Sea Island on a commercial scale ended in 1920. Egyptian is a market class representing G. barbadense grown in Egypt. It also includes crops in Sudan, as Sudan was once part of Egypt. Sometimes

7626-538: The use of county seats in particular, will fully transition with the permission of the United States Census Bureau to a system of councils of government for the purposes of boundary definition and as county equivalents. Two counties in South Dakota , Oglala Lakota and Todd , have their county seat and government services centered in a neighboring county. Their county-level services are provided by Fall River County and Tripp County , respectively. In Virginia ,

7719-548: The winter of 1785-1786 was particularly mild, so a few plants did succeed in producing seed. The next generation of plants was able to produce seed and fiber before the winter. Historical records credit Kinsey Burden of developing the particularly high-quality cotton that came to be associated with the Sea Islands. He accomplished this in the first decade of the 1800s via seed selection on Burden's Island and Johns Island in South Carolina. The Sea Islands region parted ways with

7812-556: The world in sales of long-staple Sea Island Cotton , a specialty of the Low Country . Mechanization of agriculture decreased the need for some farm labor. After the boll weevil destroyed the cotton crop in the 1930s, farmers shifted to tobacco . The insect had invaded the South from the west, disrupting cotton cultivation throughout the region. By 1953, however, more than 20 million pounds of tobacco passed through warehouses in Statesboro, then

7905-596: Was "Pima". Pima dominated irrigated lands in the southwestern United States from 1918 to as late as 1941, when other cultivars became more popular. It was named either after the Gila River (Pima) Indian Reservation , the home of the cooperative testing and demonstration farm where it was developed or in honor of the Akimel O'odham (Pima Indians), who helped raise the cotton at the demonstration farm. As of 2005, American Pima accounts for less than 5% of U.S. cotton production. It

7998-533: Was a hybrid between early Ashmouni and a Sea Island cultivar. Many more cultivars followed. In the last half of the 19th century, cotton production in Egypt grew dramatically because of expansion of irrigation and increased demand because of the United States civil war. Egyptian cotton has been important ever since. Pima is a name often used for cotton grown in the Southwestern United States. This market class consists of extra-long G. barbadense . It

8091-466: Was actively marketed from 1790 to 1920. It was grown on the Sea Islands , islands off the coast of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida. It once was an important market class. In the markets of Europe, it suffered little competition from cottons with similar characteristics from its inception until the interruption of trade resulting from the U.S. Civil War. The origins of Sea Island cotton has been

8184-415: Was an independent city from 1968 to 2013, while also being the county seat of Bedford County . Bedford reverted to an incorporated town, and remains the county seat, though is now part of the county. The state with the most counties is Texas, with 254, and the state with the fewest counties is Delaware, with 3. Sea Island Cotton Gossypium barbadense is one of several species of cotton . It

8277-623: Was divided into 8 prefectures ( 州 and 廳 ), which remained after the Republic of China took over. There are 13 county seats in Taiwan, which function as county-administered cities , urban townships , or rural townships . In most of the United States , a county is an administrative or political subdivision of a state that consists of a geographic area with specific boundaries and usually some level of governmental authority. The city, town, or populated place that houses county government

8370-739: Was named one of eight "Renaissance Cities" by Georgia Trend magazine. The downtown area is currently undergoing a revitalization. The Old Bank of Statesboro and Georgia Theater have been adapted with renovation for the David H. Averitt Center for the Arts. It houses the Emma Kelly Theater, named after the local singer, known as the "Lady of 6,000 Songs". The center also contains art studios, conference rooms and an exhibition area. Downtown Statesboro has been featured in several motion pictures including Now and Then (1995) as well as 1969 . Georgia Southern offers

8463-481: Was originally known as "American Egyptian", but eventually the name "Pima" became more popular. Since the name "Pima" also has been applied to extra-long staple cotton growing in countries such as Peru, Australia, and Israel, sometimes the name "American Pima" is used to clarify the origin. The name "American Pima" was formally adopted by the United States Government in 1970. The American Pima market class

8556-412: Was that the changes happened accidentally in a region with long growing season and then were introduced to the Sea Islands. In the 1960s and 1970s, S. G. Stephens performed an experiment where he hybridized a G. barbadense with short coarse fibers and long growing season with a wild form of G. hirsutum that had the same short fiber and long growing season, but the fibers were fine. It seemed reasonable

8649-472: Was the result of government efforts to enable United States farmers to compete in the "Egyptian cotton" market. Circa 1900, the United States led in production of all the major market classes except Egyptian. H. J. Webber and others in the United States Department of Agriculture believed Egyptian long-staple would thrive under irrigation in the deserts of the southwestern United States. On behalf of

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