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18-623: Both ranges slope north towards flatlands south of the Sevier Lake region, (southwest Sevier Desert ), and San Francisco Mountains . The south flank of the Star Range lies at the northeast perimeter of the Escalante Desert ; Milford Valley , the site of Milford and a north-flowing stretch of the Beaver River (Sevier River) , lies adjacent, and east of the range, a narrowing valley stretch with

36-574: A purple flame . A 5% solution of potassium sulfate was used in the beginning of the 20th century as a topical mosquito repellent. Potassium hydrogen sulfate (also known as potassium bisulfate), KHSO 4 , is readily produced by reacting K 2 SO 4 with sulfuric acid . It forms rhombic pyramids , which melt at 197 °C (387 °F). It dissolves in three parts of water at 0 °C (32 °F). The solution behaves much as if its two congeners , K 2 SO 4 and H 2 SO 4 , were present side by side of each other uncombined; an excess of ethanol

54-477: A bitter, salty taste. The salt is soluble in water, but insoluble in solutions of potassium hydroxide ( sp. gr. 1.35), or in absolute ethanol . The dominant use of potassium sulfate is as a fertilizer . K 2 SO 4 does not contain chloride, which can be harmful to some crops. Potassium sulfate is preferred for these crops, which include tobacco and some fruits and vegetables. Crops that are less sensitive may still require potassium sulfate for optimal growth if

72-416: Is a source of wind-blown dust. The first recorded observation was in 1872, which stated that the lake's surface area was 188 square miles (490 km ), salinity was measured at 86 parts per thousand, two and a half times that of the ocean, and maximum depth was 15 feet (4.6 m). In January 1880, the lake was nearly dry and had been so for the past one or two years. The Sevier River, which once flowed to

90-511: Is being developed on Sevier Dry Lake headed up by Crystal Peak Minerals (CPM). Extensive exploration drilling and other test work have been completed over the entire playa. In 2018, CPM published an NI 43-101 feasibility study (FS) for the production of potassium sulfate . The FS forecasts average annual SOP production over the 30-year life of the Project of approximately 298,000 metric tonnes of potassium sulfate . The Federal Government approved of

108-536: The Mineral Mountains bordering to the east. The range is only about 8-mi long. and trends southwest by northeast. The highpoint of the range is Topache Peak, in the center-southeast bordering the Escalante Desert, at 6,880 feet (2,097 m)). Access to the northeast or south side of the Star Range is by way of Utah State Route 21 , from Milford, or Upton . Utah 21 turns due-west at Milford and crosses

126-496: The playa for the first time since 1984 and extended down past Needle Point, which is the feature seen on the west edge of the lake. In the deepest points, water levels were over three feet deep. Due to high salinity content, of over 20% TDS, the water never fully froze from the winter temperatures, which were well below 32 °F (0 °C), except near the inlet of the Sevier River. A development-stage potassium sulfate project

144-492: The 14th century. It was studied by Glauber , Boyle , and Tachenius . In the 17th century, it was named arcanuni or sal duplicatum , as it was a combination of an acid salt with an alkaline salt. It was also known as vitriolic tartar and Glaser's salt or sal polychrestum Glaseri after the pharmaceutical chemist Christopher Glaser who prepared it and used medicinally. Known as arcanum duplicatum ("double secret") or panacea duplicata in pre-modern medicine , it

162-561: The corresponding salt is less soluble in water. Kieserite , MgSO 4 ·H 2 O, can be combined with a solution of potassium chloride to produce potassium sulfate. Approximately 1.5 million tons were produced in 1985, typically by the reaction of potassium chloride with sulfuric acid , analogous to the Mannheim process for producing sodium sulfate. The process involves intermediate formation of potassium bisulfate , an exothermic reaction that occurs at room temperature: The second step of

180-478: The lake, is now largely diverted for irrigation. In 1987 however, the lake was again similar to the recorded description of 1872. The Domínguez–Escalante expedition named it "Laguna de Miera" after Bernardo de Miera y Pacheco , a cartographer on their 1776 expedition. In 1825, trappers working for William Henry Ashley trapped the region, and Jedediah Smith named it after him, the Ashley Lake. On some maps, it

198-580: The lowest part of the Sevier Desert , Millard County, Utah . Like Great Salt Lake and Utah Lake , it is a remnant of Pleistocene Lake Bonneville . Sevier Lake is fed primarily by the Beaver and Sevier rivers, and the additional inflow is from the lake's watershed that is part of the Escalante–Sevier hydrologic subregion . The lake has been mostly dry throughout recorded history and its dry lakebed

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216-469: The north foothills of the range. The northwest side of the range can be accessed from the same route, (farther west), by way of The Big Wash, which drain washes from the northwest foothills. Utah 21 goes to the southeast flank of the San Francisco Mountains, about 13-mi from Milford. Sevier Lake Sevier Lake / s ɛ ˈ v ɪər / is an intermittent and endorheic lake which lies in

234-456: The process is endothermic, requiring energy input: Two crystalline forms are known. Orthorhombic β-K 2 SO 4 is the common form, but it converts to α-K 2 SO 4 above 583 °C. These structures are complex, although the sulfate adopts the typical tetrahedral geometry. It does not form a hydrate, unlike sodium sulfate . The salt crystallizes as double six-sided pyramids, classified as rhombic. They are transparent, very hard and have

252-570: The project in August 2019. Over the 30-year life of the project, potash production could reach 372,000 tons a year. Potassium sulfate Potassium sulfate (US) or potassium sulphate (UK), also called sulphate of potash (SOP), arcanite , or archaically potash of sulfur , is the inorganic compound with formula K 2 SO 4 , a white water- soluble solid. It is commonly used in fertilizers , providing both potassium and sulfur . Potassium sulfate (K 2 SO 4 ) has been known since early in

270-691: The recipe was purchased for five hundred thalers by Charles Frederick, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp . Schroder, the duke's physician, wrote wonders of its great uses in hypochondriacal cases, continued and intermitting fevers , stone, scurvy , and more. The mineral form of potassium sulfate, arcanite , is relatively rare. Natural resources of potassium sulfate are minerals abundant in the Stassfurt salt . These are cocrystallizations of potassium sulfate and sulfates of magnesium , calcium , and sodium . Relevant minerals are: The potassium sulfate can be separated from some of these minerals, like kainite, because

288-516: The soil accumulates chloride from irrigation water. The crude salt is also used occasionally in the manufacture of glass. Potassium sulfate is also used as a flash reducer in artillery propellant charges. It reduces muzzle flash , flareback and blast overpressure. It is sometimes used as an alternative blast media similar to soda in soda blasting as it is harder and similarly water-soluble. Potassium sulfate can also be used in pyrotechnics in combination with potassium nitrate to generate

306-611: Was named after Joseph Nicollet in the mid-19th century. The lake is currently named for the river, which is derived from "Río Severo" (wild river [Wild in modern Spanish is Salvaje or Silvestre]), a local name given by early Spanish explorers. In late 2011, due to an unusually wet year, many man-made reservoirs in Millard County began dumping excess water through the Sevier River onto the Sevier Lake bed. Standing water existed on

324-443: Was prepared from the residue ( caput mortuum ) left over from the production of aqua fortis (nitric acid, HNO 3 ) from nitre (potassium nitrate, KNO 3 ) and oil of vitriol (sulphuric acid, H 2 SO 4 ) via Glauber's process: The residue was dissolved in hot water, filtered, and evaporated to a cuticle. It was then left to crystallise. It was used as a diuretic and sudorific . According to Chambers's Cyclopedia ,

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