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29-456: Stadio Comunale "Is Arenas" is a sports stadium in Quartu Sant'Elena , Sardinia, Italy. It is mostly used for football games and was the home venue of Serie A club Cagliari Calcio for the 2012–13 season . The stadium is currently under renovation after Cagliari relocated out of their former home venue, Stadio Sant'Elia , in order to make it comply with Serie A league standards in time for

58-418: A corbelled dome of the bullet-shaped tholos type, and where ashlar masonry is used more frequently); and an intermediate layer of very small pieces and dirt, which makes the whole construction very sturdy: it stands only by virtue of the weight of its stones, which may each amount to several tons. Some nuraghes are about 20 meters (60 ft) in height, the tallest one known, Nuraghe Arrubiu , reached

87-478: A tholos-shaped chamber. The access, generally located at the ground level, leads into a passageway that leads, in the front, into the central chamber and in one side (usually the left) in the helical staircase, built inside the wall mass, that lead to the terrace or to the upper-floor chamber. In addition to the usual circular rooms, in their inside can be found other smaller environments such as niches. A "tancadu" nuraghe ( Sardinian term for courtyard) represents

116-540: A capacity of 16,200 seats. Renovation works are planned to cost €1.2 million and last for five months. After the renovation it will have 11 Sky Boxes , a HD megascreen and a modern café. Three quarters of the stadium consists of temporary stands in steel tubes. The main stand is made of steel and prefabricated elements and is completely covered. There are five lighting towers for overall illumination of 1400 lux . The playing field consists of natural grass, with grafts of Cynodon dactylon and Paspalum vaginatum , ideal at

145-525: A combination of any of these things. Some of the nuraghes are, however, located in strategic places – such as hills – from which important passages could be easily controlled. They might have been something between a "status symbol" and a "passive defence" building, meant to be a deterrent for possible enemies. Nuraghes could also have been the "national" symbol of the Nuragic peoples. Small-scale models of nuraghe have often been excavated at religious sites (e.g. in

174-483: A height of 25–30 meters. The entrance leads into a corridor, on whose sides are often open niches, that lead to the round chamber. A spiral stone stair, leading to upper floors (if present) and/or to a terrace, was built within the thick walls and it was illuminated by embrasures. The Nuragic towers might have as much as three corbel chambers one on top of the other. In complex nuraghes corridors were often present, sometimes corbelled, such as at Santu Antine, in which

203-413: A long, shallow coastline. It also looks onto the pond of Molentargius, where flamingos and Sultan roosters nest. The economy is based on the tertiary industry. Quartu also produces excellent wines, bread and cakes. Although the city is not extremely big, there are many shopping opportunities: Carrefour , E. Leclerc -Conad, Iper Pan. The most important religious festivity is dedicated to Saint Helena and

232-651: Is called a nuraghe ( Sardinian: [nuˈɾaɣɛ] , Italian: [nuˈraːɡe] ; plural: Logudorese Sardinian nuraghes , Campidanese Sardinian nuraxis [nuˈɾaʒizi] , Italian nuraghi ). According to the Oxford English Dictionary the etymology is "uncertain and disputed": "The word is perhaps related to the Sardinian place names Nurra , Nurri , Nurru , and to Sardinian nurra 'heap of stones, cavity in earth' (although these senses are difficult to reconcile). A connection with

261-506: Is celebrated on 14 September. Quartu Sant'Elena has a 16,500-capacity football stadium, the Stadio Is Arenas . In the 2012–13 season, it hosted Serie A club Cagliari Calcio , whose Stadio Sant'Elia was closed that year. Quartu Sant'Elena has also a 500-capacity Marina, Marina di Capitana, with a sailing school, Scuola Italia in Vela. Nuraghi The nuraghe , or nurhag ,

290-568: Is that the term nuraghe came from the name of the Iberian mythological hero Norax , and the root *nur would be an adaptation of the Indo-European root *nor . The typical nuraghe is situated in areas where previous prehistoric Sardinian cultures had been distributed, that, is not far from alluvial plains (though few nuraghes appear in plains currently as they were destroyed by human activities such as agriculture, dams and road building) and has

319-603: Is the Nuraghe Santu Antine near the village of Torralba , in northern Sardinia. Other famous nuraghes are near Alghero ( Nuraghe Palmavera ), Macomer , Abbasanta (see Losa ), Orroli ( Nuraghe Arrubiu ), Gonnesa ( Nuraghe Seruci ) and Villanovaforru ( Nuraghe Genna Maria ). The nuraghes were built between the middle of the Bronze Age (18th–15th centuries BCE) and the Late Bronze Age . The claim that

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348-551: Is the main type of ancient megalithic edifice found in Sardinia , Italy, developed during the Nuragic Age between 1900 and 730 BC. Today it has come to be the symbol of Sardinia and its distinctive culture known as the Nuragic civilization . More than 7,000 nuraghes have been found, though archeologists believe that originally there were more than 10,000. Natively, the structure

377-625: The "maze" temple at the Su Romanzesu site near Bitti in central Sardinia). Nuraghes may have just connoted wealth or power, or they may have been an indication that a site had its owners. Recent unconfirmed theories tend to suggest that Sardinian towns were independent entities (such as the city-states , although in a geographical sense they were not cities) that formed federations and that the building of these monuments might have depended on agreed-on distributions of territory among federated unities. They were not tombs of princes and their families, as

406-510: The El- Ahwat structures from Israel might be related has been contested; those are dated to either the 12th or the 11th century BCE. The only buildings widely accepted as being related to nuraghes are the torri (plural of torre ) from southern Corsica and the talaiots from Menorca and Majorca . According to Massimo Pallottino , an Italian archaeologist specialized in Etruscology ,

435-558: The Prenuragic, Nuragic and Phoenician period, as attested by findings in Cepola, Geremeas, Is Mortorius and Separassiu localities. Roman findings were found near Sant’Andrea villa, a graveyard at S. Martino and a few tombs at Simbirizzi. In the 11th century AD Sardinia was divided into four Giudicati : Quartu, which included fourteen villas, belonged to the Giudicato of Cagliari . In 1066 Quartu

464-611: The Semitic base of Arabic nūr 'light, fire, etc.' is now generally rejected." The Latin word murus ('wall') may be related to it, being a result of the derivation: murus – *muraghe –nuraghe. However, such theories are debated. An etymological theory suggests a Proto-Basque origin by the term *nur (stone) with the common - ak plural ending; the Paleo-Sardinian suffix - ake is also found in some Indo-European languages such as Latin and Greek . Another possible explanation

493-441: The central circular room, they are sometimes similar in size to later nuraghes. This type is distinguished by the restorations made in later times, supposedly because of a change to the protonuraghes design, or for other needs. This is considered to be the predominant type of nuraghe, and it represents the most diffused typology. The single tower, of a truncated conical shape, contains one or more superimposed chambers, covered by

522-575: The city, led by Antonio Pisanu, assailed the French and repelled them after a bloody battle. The feudalism started by the Aragonese, led since 1436 by Giovanni de Sena, viscount of Sanluri and baron of Quatru Saint'Elena, ended in 1836 under the baron Pes di Villamarina. In 1956 Quartu Sant’Elena was upgraded to the status of “city” by the President of Italy Giovanni Gronchi . There are five churches situated in

551-424: The city. The most important are the churches of Sant'Elena Imperatrice (dating before 1589, but now in neoclassical style and recently proclaimed " Basilica "), Santa Maria Cepola (before 1089) and Sant'Agata . There is also Sa dom’e farra , a large peasant house of the 17th century with various rooms, objects and tools used by the peasant society. There are numerous nuraghi in the vicinity. Quartu has

580-454: The corbelled arch corridors were superimposed on two levels, and reached a length of 27 meters. Today fewer than 7,000 nuraghes remain standing; their number was originally larger. Nuraghes are most prevalent in the northwest and south-central parts of the island. There is no consensus on the function of the nuraghes: they could have been rulers' residences, military strongholds, meeting halls, religious temples, ordinary dwellings or

609-503: The earlier nuraghes, shifting to just −45½° for the later. Zedda has suggested that the target is likely a star, quite possibly Alpha Centauri . Protonuraghes are considered to be the most archaic type; they differ somewhat from the "classical" (tholos-vaulted) nuraghes in their stockier look. Protonuraghes generally follow an irregular plan and lack the large circular room present in presumed later forms; instead, they are laid out along one or more corridors or long rooms. Although lacking

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638-470: The entrance orientations ( declinations and azimuths ) of 272 simple nuraghes and of the central towers of 180 complex ones. The data revealed clear peaks corresponding to orientations pointing to the sunrise at winter solstice and to the Moon at its southernmost rising position. These alignments remained constant throughout the history of nuraghe. The most common declinations revealed were of around −43° for

667-480: The evolution of the single-tower nuraghe; another circular building was later added to the main tower, with two enclosing curtain walls connecting the two. A courtyard was present within the structure, sometimes provided with a well. Also called Nuragic royal palaces , the polylobed nuraghes are the least frequent typology. Very elaborate and often designed in a unified manner, they look like veritable fortresses with several towers linked by high ramparts, whose function

696-510: The new season. Like most of Italian stadiums, it is owned by the local council, the municipality of Quartu Sant'Elena . In the 1980s, Quartu Sant'Elena 's local team (Sant'Elena) played its home games in the ground in Serie C2 . In 2012, Cagliari Calcio relocated to the stadium due to the Sant'Elia 's unavailability. The stadium was a simple pitch with a concrete stand. It was expanded and it now has

725-427: The outer shape of a truncated conical tower, thus resembling a medieval tower, with a tholos -like vault inside. The structure's walls consist of three components: an outer layer (tilted inwards and made of many layers of stones whose size diminishes with increasing height: mostly, lower layers consist of rubble masonry, while upper layers tend to be of ashlar masonry); an inner layer, made of smaller stones (to form

754-557: The temperature of 25 °C. 39°13′51″N 9°10′55″E  /  39.23083°N 9.18194°E  / 39.23083; 9.18194 This article about an Italian sports venue is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Quartu Sant%27Elena The city's name comes from its distance to Cagliari ( Quartum miles , Latin for “four miles”), and from the passage there of St. Helena , mother of emperor Constantine . The first traces of human presence in Quartu are from

783-462: Was given to Cagliari's archbishop and then went back to Judge Torchitorio II of Cagliari . During the Aragonese rule, Quartu suffered from famines, plague, malaria and continuous raids from Saracen pirates, following the general path of decay of the whole of Sardinia. In 1793 the soldiers of a French fleet landed on the coast of Quartu, with the intention of conquering the whole island; the people of

812-451: Was mistakenly believed by taking as an argument the discovery of human remains there, but of strata of a later age than the Nuragic, that is, Carthaginian and Roman. Neither were they monumental temples, which today are known to be of different shapes and types, even for prehistoric island times, likewise burials (domus de janas or "fairy houses"; tumbas de sos gigantes or "tombs of the giants"). In 2002, Juan Belmonte and Mauro Zedda measured

841-494: Was to offer more useful space and perhaps to reinforce the central tower. These "Megalithic castles" were surrounded by additional walls, sometimes also provided with towers (the so-called bulwark). Nuraghes are inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage Site list. Su Nuraxi di Barumini , in the south of the island, has been chosen to represent all the nuragic patrimony, but one of the highest and most complex nuraghes

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