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33-1174: The Staatstheater Braunschweig is a theatre company and opera house in Braunschweig , Germany, presenting and producing music theatre ( opera , operetta , musical ), Tanztheater , theatre , Theatre for Young Audiences and concerts. The Staatstheater Braunschweig is owned by the State of Lower Saxony . The earliest incarnation of the Staatstheater Braunschweig was the Opernhaus am Hagenmarkt in Braunschweig, founded in 1690 by Duke Anthony Ulrich of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel . Theatre works such as Emilia Galotti by Lessing and Goethe 's Faust had their first openings in Braunschweig. 52°15′57″N 10°31′54″E  /  52.26583°N 10.53167°E  / 52.26583; 10.53167 Opera house While some venues are constructed specifically for operas, other opera houses are part of larger performing arts centers. Indeed,

66-574: A transept and quire with apse and seven apse-chapels. The vaulting in the interior exceeds 46 m or 150 feet in height. The cathedral underwent a major repair and restoration process in 2008. The small Romanesque church of the 10th century known as the Basse Oeuvre occupies the site destined for the nave; much of its east end was demolished to make room for the new cathedral. Begun in 1247, under Bishop William of Grès (Guillaume de Grès, Guillaume de Grez), an extra 5 metres (16 feet) were added to

99-637: A "Green Plan" ( Plan vert ). Ultimately, the goal is to have a network of 20 km (12 mi) bicycle paths. The mayor of Beauvais is Franck Pia, elected in September 2022. He succeeded Caroline Cayeux , who stepped down to become a deputy minister in the Borne government . The industry of Beauvais comprises, besides the state manufacture of tapestry , which dates from 1664, the manufacture of various kinds of cotton and woollen goods, brushes, toys, boots and shoes, and bricks and tiles. Market-gardening flourishes in

132-632: A more popular and intimate aspect (see, for example, Adam de la Halle 's Jeu de Robin et Marion ("Play of Robin and Marion"), in the 13th century). At the beginning of the 17th century, in Italy, singing underwent yet another renewal, with the emergence of Baroque art at the height of the Renaissance . Italy continues to have many working opera houses, such as the Teatro Massimo in Palermo (the biggest in

165-706: A population of 128,020. The region around Beauvais is called the Beauvaisis. Beauvais was known to the Romans by the Gallo-Roman name of Caesaromagus ( magos is Common Celtic for "field"). The post-Renaissance Latin rendering is Bellovacum from the Belgic tribe the Bellovaci , whose capital it was. In the ninth century, it became a county (comté), which about 1013 passed to the bishops of Beauvais, who became peers of France from

198-451: A publicly supported system. Early United States opera houses served a variety of functions in towns and cities, hosting community dances, fairs, plays, and vaudeville shows as well as operas and other musical events. In the 2000s, most opera and theatre companies are supported by funds from a combination of government and institutional grants , ticket sales, and private donations. In the 19th-century United States, many theaters were given

231-538: Is Gaulish for "place where judgements are made", from * bratu-spantion . Some say that Bratuspantium is Beauvais. Others theorise that it is Vendeuil-Caply or Bailleul sur Thérain. From 1004 to 1037, the Count of Beauvais was Odo II, Count of Blois . In a charter dated 1056/1060, Eudo of Brittany granted land "in pago Belvacensi" (Beauvais, Picardy) to the Abbey of Angers Saint-Aubin (see Albinus of Angers ). In 1346,

264-423: Is RS Components , founded by Jerry Vaughan, and now operating from a purpose-built distribution centre to the east of the town Beauvais also has a small airport, Beauvais Tillé , which is used by several low-cost carriers and charter airlines such as Ryanair as a terminal for nearby Paris, to which frequent shuttle buses run. Beauvais has the following schools: Public schools: Private schools: Beauvais

297-475: Is 669 mm on average per year (1981–2010), while it is 800 mm on average per year in Bray. However, the frequency of rainfall is high. The average number of days per year above the precipitation of 1 mm is 116 days or every third day. The fog is often present, it is estimated at 55 days a year. The department is affected by 41 days of average wind year, usually, it comes from the west to the south. The population data in

330-463: Is a Romanesque-Gothic building (early 12th-late 16th centuries), including, in one of its transept's portals, a sculpture of "Wheel of Life". The railway station, Gare de Beauvais , opened in 1857 is currently served by several TER lines: Beauvais–Tillé Airport , dating from the 1930s, lies in the north of the city, in Tillé . It is used as a gateway to Paris by several low-cost carriers. Traffic growth

363-611: Is a town and commune in northern France , and prefecture of the Oise département , in the Hauts-de-France region , 75 kilometres (47 miles) north of Paris. The commune of Beauvais had a population of 56,020 as of 2016 , making it the most populous town in the Oise department, and third most populous in Picardy. Together with its suburbs and satellite towns, the metropolitan area of Beauvais has

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396-481: Is now surrounded by boulevards, outside of which run branches of the Thérain. In addition, there are spacious promenades in the north-east of the town. Beauvais experiences an oceanic climate ( Köppen climate classification Cfb ). The average annual temperature is 9.9 °C (1961–1990), and the sunlight annual average of 1669 hours (1991–2010). Hills Bray is provided for the precipitation of Beauvais. The precipitation

429-477: Is significant: in 1997, 200,000 passengers used it annually, but by 2006, it was more than 1.8 million. Airport usage increased by 40% a year on average between 2001 and 2005. The airport is mainly used for passenger traffic (only 2 to 3 flights involve freight each month) and serves 48 destinations. On 5 October 1930, the British airship R101 crashed just outside Beauvais on its maiden overseas voyage, killing 48 of

462-746: The High Middle Ages became known as the Beauvais Hoard because some of the English and European coins found with the lot were from the French abbey located in Beauvais. The hoard, which contained a variety of rare and extremely rare Anglo-Norman pennies, English and foreign coins, was reputed to have been found in or near Paris. Beauvais was extensively damaged during World War I, and again in World War II during

495-566: The biblical Book of Daniel , deals with Israel's captivity in Babylon . The play was written and performed by students of the Episcopal School of Beauvais , located in northern France. In the 15th century, sung theater of a religious nature found a special place in the mystery plays performed on cathedral squares. As before, they dealt with sacred subjects, but they were not about worship per se. Secular musical theater also existed, but had

528-413: The 54 people on board. Public transport in Beauvais is provided by Corolis (formerly The Urban Transport network of Beauvaisis French : Transports Urbains du Beauvaisis or TUB ). The transit bus (commuter bus) network consists of 25 regular lines which serve Beauvais and its suburbs, including: To promote cleaner urban transportation and protect the environment, the city began to develop

561-635: The Flight into Egypt. In the Place de l'Hôtel de Ville and the old streets near the cathedral, several houses are dating from the 12th to the 16th centuries. The Hôtel de ville , close to which stands the statue of Jeanne Hachette , was built in 1752. The episcopal palace, now housing the Musée départemental de l'Oise , was built in the 16th century, partly upon the Gallo-Roman fortifications. The church of Saint-Étienne

594-696: The German advance on Paris in June 1940. Much of the older part of the city was all but destroyed, and the cathedral was badly damaged before being liberated by British forces on 30 August 1944. Beauvais experienced significant rioting during the Nahel Merzouk protests in 2023. Beauvais lies at the foot of wooded hills on the left bank of the Thérain at its confluence with the Avelon. Its ancient ramparts have been destroyed, and it

627-418: The abandonment of ancient theaters, which were transformed into gigantic stone quarries , like many other ancient buildings, both public or private. Music still had its place in worship. It continued to bring audiences together, but its content was completely renewed. The Jeu de Daniel ("Play of Daniel") was a sung play, characteristic of the medieval Renaissance of the 12th century . The subject, taken from

660-598: The country), the Teatro di San Carlo in Naples and the Teatro alla Scala in Milan . The Teatro San Cassiano in Venice was the world's first public opera house, inaugurated as such in 1637. In the 17th and 18th centuries, opera houses were often financed by rulers, nobles, and wealthy people who used patronage of the arts to endorse their political ambition and social position. There

693-513: The height, to make it the tallest cathedral in Europe: the work was interrupted in 1284 by the collapse of the vaulting of the choir, a disaster that produced a temporary failure of nerve among the masons working in Gothic style. The transept was built from 1500 to 1548. In 1573 the fall of a too-ambitious central tower stopped work again, after which little addition was made. Its façades, especially that on

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726-732: The most beautiful of them from the hand of the Renaissance artist, Engrand Le Prince, a native of Beauvais. To him also due to some of the stained glass in St. Etienne, the second church of the town, and an interesting example of the transition stage between the Romanesque and Gothic styles. During the Middle Ages, on 14 January, the Feast of Asses was celebrated in the Beauvais Cathedral, in commemoration of

759-467: The name "opera house", even ones where opera was seldom if ever performed. Opera was viewed as a more respectable art form than theater ; calling a local theater an "opera house" therefore served to elevate it and overcome objections from those who found the theater morally objectionable. Notes Sources Beauvais Beauvais ( US : / b oʊ ˈ v eɪ / boh- VAY , French: [bovɛ] ; Picard : Bieuvais )

792-546: The relationship of consonance that it will have with one of these vases." The odeon built by Pericles near the Theater of Dionysus in Athens was, according to the Suda , intended for the rehearsal of music that was to be sung in the grand theater or, according to Plutarch , for the jury to audition musicians competing for a prize. Ancient theaters provided the ideal conditions, but it

825-435: The south, exhibit all the richness of the late Gothic style. The carved wooden doors of both the north and the south portals are masterpieces respectively of Gothic and Renaissance workmanship. The church possesses an elaborate astronomical clock (1866) and tapestries of the fifteenth and seventeenth centuries; but its chief artistic treasures are stained glass windows of the thirteenth, fourteenth and sixteenth centuries,

858-427: The table and graph below refer to the commune of Beauvais proper in its geography at the given years. The commune of Beauvais absorbed the former communes of Marissel, Saint-Just-des-Marais and Voisinlieu and part of Notre-Dame-du-Thil in 1943. The city's cathedral, dedicated to Saint Peter ( Cathédrale Saint-Pierre de Beauvais ), in some respects, the most daring achievement of Gothic architecture , consists only of

891-409: The term opera house is often used as a term of prestige for any large performing arts center. Based on Aristoxenus 's musical system, and paying homage to the architects of ancient Greek theater , Vitruvius described, in the 1st century BC, in his treatise De architectura , the ideal acoustics of theaters. He explained the use of brazen vases that Mummius had brought to Rome after having had

924-446: The theater of Corinth demolished, and as they were probably used in the Theater of Pompey . As wooden theaters were naturally sonorous, these vases, placed between the seats on the stands, served as resonators in the stone buildings: "By means of this arrangement, the voice, which will come from the stage as from a center, will extend in circles, will strike in the cavities of the vases, and will be made stronger and clearer, according to

957-478: The town had to defend itself against the English, who again besieged it in 1433. The siege that it endured in 1472 at the hands of the Duke of Burgundy was rendered famous by the heroism of the town's women, under the leadership of Jeanne Hachette , whose memory is still celebrated by a procession on 27 June (the feast of Sainte Angadrême ), during which women take precedence over men. A significant hoard of coins from

990-481: The twelfth century. At the coronations of kings, the Bishop of Beauvais wore the royal mantle and went, with the Bishop of Langres , to raise the king from his throne to present him to the people. De Bello Gallico II 13 reports that as Julius Caesar was approaching a fortified town called Bratuspantium in the land of the Bellovaci , its inhabitants surrendered to him when he was about 5 Roman miles away. Its name

1023-493: The vicinity and an extensive trade is carried on in grain and wine. The town is the seat of a bishop, a prefect and a Court of Assizes ; it has Tribunals of First Instance and commerce, together with a Chamber of Commerce , a branch of the Bank of France , a higher ecclesiastical seminary, a lycée and training colleges. Amongst the major companies operating in the town are Nestle and Agco (Massey Ferguson). Also present since 1986

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1056-702: Was no opera house in London when Henry Purcell was composing and the first opera house in Germany, the Oper am Gänsemarkt , was built in Hamburg in 1678, followed by the Oper am Brühl in Leipzig in 1693, and the Opernhaus vorm Salztor in Naumburg in 1701. With the rise of bourgeois and capitalist social forms in the 19th century, European culture moved away from its patronage system to

1089-570: Was not yet time for opera: the aim was to worship the deities, not to venerate the muses . The subject was religious, it was accompanied by singing and instrumental music. Worship was public, and the audience was made up of citizens as well as other categories of the population. Four centuries later, the Church abandoned spectacles as practiced in Antiquity. Histrions , representative of Greco-Roman civilization , gradually disappeared. The Middle Ages saw

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