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132-418: The Split Metro ( Croatian : Splitski metro ) is a suburban railway network in Split , Croatia . The railway was opened on refurbished existing M604 tracks on December 10, 2006. It consists of one line serving seven stations, running from Split centre to Kaštel Stari . The second line between Split centre and Split-Kopilica opened in June 2019, and was discontinued in November 2019. As of 2019, it

264-598: A Fordson tractor . In 1916 he helped form the Fageol Motors Company , where he assisted in the development of the Fageol tractor. In 1932, Mando "Steve" Ariens, having just taken over the reins of his fathers' Brillion Iron Works, had to declare bankruptcy at the height of the Great Depression . In 1933, in his father Henry's garage and Steve's basement, he and his father developed their first Ariens Rotary Tiller,

396-598: A Park and Ride spot will be built as well. The construction was planned to finish in three months time, by June 2019. The lease for the property was also signed. The intention is to bring the commuting, long-distance bus and tourist traffic to Kopilica and then channel it onto Split urban metro, terminating at the current Main Railway Station in Split harbour. Trains between Kopilica and Split Main Station would run each 10 minutes and

528-446: A tender for the (re)construction of temporary Kopilica hub, planning to spend 5 million HRK, but only one company replied and submitted an offer, estimating the cost at over 14 million. Due to the cost discrepancy, city authorities cancelled the call for bids and announced a launch of a new one. A new bid was launched on 25 January, reducing the construction work deemed necessary (reducing P+R parking places and canopies), and increasing

660-489: A 23% annual rate), the Split Suburban railway is planned to be extended for roughly 12–14 km further, beyond Kastel Stari to Split Airport and running to Trogir as an endstation. Some older studies from 2000 and 2003 also envisaged extending the line eastward, but this has since been dropped. In 2006 Marijan Klaric, deputy CEO of Croatian Railways , announced the plans to overhaul the Split suburban railway, electrify

792-530: A 30" tiller, powered by a 14 hp (10 kW), front-mounted, four-cylinder V-type engine. In 1930, automobile manufacturer Cadwallader Washburn "Carl" Kelsey was introduced to the rototiller by H.B. Hiller, a German immigrant who once worked for Siemens' "boden frasen" division. Kelsey opened a sales office using the name Rototiller Co. on Broadway in New York City. He then started importing Siemens boden frasen from Germany. In 1932, Kelsey incorporated using

924-555: A Japanese government technology demonstration initiative in a nearby village (The Japanese agent of the Swiss machine company stopped importing by 1925 as the machine reportedly proved not capable of handling Japanese heavy rice soils). By 1926 Nishizaki had made his first version from a diesel powered engine connected by a belt to rotating blades mounted on a wooden frame with two wheels. Soon he began renting it out to neighbors. And as with all good ideas soon local multiple small workshops entered

1056-688: A V.P. at Moline Plow Company prior to his invention. The BEEMAN Tractor Co. was located in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Previous to inventing Gas Garden Tractor, Mr. Beeman invented the Gas Garage door opener. As early as 1911, Benjamin Franklin Gravely of Charleston West Virginia began with connecting the Indian motorcycle to a manually operated push plow. In 1916 he incorporated and, after obtaining partners, began producing single-wheel tractors and attachments under

1188-461: A common polycentric standard language is used, consisting of several standard varieties , similar to the existing varieties of German , English or Spanish . The aim of the new Declaration is to stimulate discussion on language without the nationalistic baggage and to counter nationalistic divisions. The terms "Serbo-Croatian", "Serbo-Croat", or "Croato-Serbian", are still used as a cover term for all these forms by foreign scholars, even though

1320-573: A common South Slavic literary language. Specifically, three major groups of dialects were spoken on Croatian territory, and there had been several literary languages over four centuries. The leader of the Illyrian movement Ljudevit Gaj standardized the Latin alphabet in 1830–1850 and worked to bring about a standardized orthography. Although based in Kajkavian-speaking Zagreb , Gaj supported using

1452-481: A fraction the size of India but with very similar agricultural and socio-economic systems. There have been many reasons offered and even official investigations into the low adoption rates. One main reason given here is that prices of the joint venture Indian-Japanese two-wheel tractors are twice as expensive as compared to the nearly identical Chinese made two-wheel tractors available in Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. Despite

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1584-1646: A high luxury tax on petrol/gasoline). Adding to the nomenclature confusion, agricultural engineers like to classify them as single-axle tractors. For clarity, the rest of this article refers to the self-propelled, single-axle, multi-attachment tractive machines as two-wheel tractors. For production agriculture, past and present, two-wheel tractors accept a wide range of implements, such as the following: For soil-working: rototillers, moldboard plows, disc-plows, rotary plows, root/tuber harvesting plows, small subsoiler plows, powered and non-powered harrows, seeders, transplanters, and planters. Even zero till/no-till planters and seeders have become available. In plant protection and weed control, two-wheel tractor implements consist of various inter-cultivators and sprayers. For harvesting, available implements are: Forage: Sickle bar mowers, disk mowers, hayrakes, hay tedders, haybalers and bale wrappers [for silage production]. For grain harvest: reaper/grain harvesters, reaper-binders, and even combine harvesters are available [although typically only for Asian two-wheel tractors]. For transport, trailers with capacities from 0.5 to 5 plus ton cargoes are available. General mowing implements consist of lawn mowers, brush mowers, and flail mowers. For snow removal, implements consist of snowblowers, power sweepers, and snow/dozer blades. Other implements include: chipper/shredders, log splitters, electrical generator, pressure washer, crimper-roller, fertilizer/salt/lime spreader, and stump grinder. This list of implements (which may not be complete) means that two-wheel tractors can execute practically all of

1716-975: A long-distance train killed a woman in Kaštel Gomilica, in February 2016 passenger train hit a wild boar near Sadine, in December 2016 man died in hospital from injuries sustained on a railway in Kaštel Sućurac, in March 2017 in Kaštel Lukšić train collided with a car, which happened twice in April 2017, in Sadine and in Kaštel Gomilica, respectively; in July 2017 a man was hit and killed by a passenger train in Kaštel Kambelovac. In October 2018

1848-517: A mixture of all three principal dialects (Chakavian, Kajkavian and Shtokavian), and calling it "Croatian", "Dalmatian", or "Slavonian". Historically, several other names were used as synonyms for Croatian, in addition to Dalmatian and Slavonian, and these were Illyrian (ilirski) and Slavic (slovinski) . It is still used now in parts of Istria , which became a crossroads of various mixtures of Chakavian with Ekavian, Ijekavian and Ikavian isoglosses . The most standardised form (Kajkavian–Ikavian) became

1980-539: A new NC Plus model offered by Siam Kubota comes with a power take off (PTO) that can drive a rotary tiller and other attachments. Additionally many farmers use V-belts to connect the stationary tractor engine to power centrifugal pumps and axial flow pumps , rice threshers, maize shellers etc. Recently, inexpensive Chinese-made NC models have come on the international market but attempts have been made by Siam Kubota and others to keep them out of Thailand, Cambodia and elsewhere due to claims of copyright infringement. Through

2112-411: A patent for a "Machine for Mechanical Tillage". Patent Number 1,018,843 was granted on February 27, 1912. He then licensed his patent to Siemens-Schuckertwerke of Berlin, Germany. Siemens, an electrical manufacturer, built their first two-wheel tractor with rotovator Bodenfräse (rotovator or literally soil grinder) using an electric motorized two-wheel tractor and a long extension cord in 1911. The idea

2244-432: A plant with a capacity of 6000 units per year but from its beginning in 1972 till closure of the plant in 1977 only produced and sold 800 units. History of two-wheel tractors began with efforts in the late 1970s to promote Japanese imported two-wheel tractors. Adoption remained low through most of the 1980s. In 1987 a large cyclone killed much of the livestock and bullock population. With no prospect for timely restoration of

2376-497: A population of 300,000 was another important goal. Split-Kopilica was mentioned as an intermodal transport hub in order to alleviate the burden on the current Central Train Station in Split harbor , something advocated as early as 1939. Croatian Railways strongly supported the project, while the Ministry of transport will finance the feasibility study . Kaštela and Trogir mayors stated that

2508-470: A rotary tiller, though the technical agricultural use of that term refers solely to an attachment to a larger tractor. Alternatively, the terms "power tiller" or "rotary tiller" are always understood in Asia and elsewhere to be rubber- or iron-wheeled, self-propelled machines of 5–18 hp (3.7–13.4 kW) and usually powered by heavy-duty single-cylinder diesel engines (many Asian countries historically have had

2640-690: A separate incident cargo train collided with a car, killing one and injuring another in Kaštel Lukšić; in February 2009 a man was killed in a collision with a train in Kaštel Gomilica; in April 2010, local train killed a man in Dujmovača tunnel, while in November 2012 a 6-year-old girl was killed by a cargo train in Kaštel Gomilica; in May 2013 in Kaštel Štafilić a man was hit by train and both of his legs were amputated; in January 2015

2772-513: A separate language that is considered key to national identity, in the sense that the term Croatian language includes all language forms from the earliest times to the present, in all areas where Croats live, as realized in the speeches of Croatian dialects, in city speeches and jargons, and in the Croatian standard language. The issue is sensitive in Croatia as the notion of a separate language being

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2904-498: A short-lived and ill-fated Split suburban railway from Split to Kaštela. Local authorities did not support the project while the long-distance rolling stock proved to be unsuitable for suburban traffic. After the war's end in 1995 this project was abandoned. In December 2006, Croatian Railways reopened the line for suburban traffic, announcing plans to electrify the line and lay a second set of tracks , which still has not happened. Since 2007, CR has intended to refurbish and re-equip

3036-550: A train collided with a horse in Kaštel Lukšić. In December 2019, Kastela-Split line train derailed, in January 2020 a man was injured when train collided with his car in Sucurac, while in February 2020 a cargo train collided with a car, injuring 2 in Kastel Luksic. In November 2020 a motorcycle driver was severely injured by a train in Kastel Luksic. The Kaštel Stari-Split (and back) line is served by 17 trains daily in each direction on

3168-731: Is controversial for native speakers, and names such as "Bosnian-Croatian-Montenegrin-Serbian" (BCMS) are used by linguists and philologists in the 21st century. In 1997, the Croatian Parliament established the Days of the Croatian Language from March 11 to 17. Since 2013, the Institute of Croatian language has been celebrating the Month of the Croatian Language , from February 21 ( International Mother Language Day ) to March 17 (the day of signing

3300-422: Is also a fair bit of confusion in nomenclature regarding machines of similar size/configuration, that operate a single implement (such as power tillers; rear-tine tillers; rotary hoes; rotary ploughs; rotary tillers; Rotavators; etc.) The important distinction between a two-wheel tractor and any of these machines is that the two-wheel tractor is a single-axle machine where the operator usually walks behind it or rides

3432-447: Is also official in the regions of Burgenland (Austria), Molise (Italy) and Vojvodina (Serbia). Additionally, it has co-official status alongside Romanian in the communes of Carașova and Lupac , Romania . In these localities, Croats or Krashovani make up the majority of the population, and education, signage and access to public administration and the justice system are provided in Croatian, alongside Romanian. Croatian

3564-424: Is clearly a single language with a single grammatical system." Croatian, although technically a form of Serbo-Croatian , is sometimes considered a distinct language by itself. This is at odds with purely linguistic classifications of languages based on mutual intelligibility ( abstand and ausbau languages ), which do not allow varieties that are mutually intelligible to be considered separate languages. "There

3696-426: Is commonly characterized by the ijekavian pronunciation (see an explanation of yat reflexes ), the sole use of the Latin alphabet, and a number of lexical differences in common words that set it apart from standard Serbian. Some differences are absolute, while some appear mainly in the frequency of use. However, as professor John F. Bailyn states, "an examination of all the major 'levels' of language shows that BCS

3828-476: Is considered, with possible electrification in the long-term. Most of the railway lines were completed in October 1877, as Split was connected to Siverić via Perković . When Split hosted the 1979 Mediterranean Games , an extensive suburban railway system was planned. The existing tracks from the suburbs to the main terminus train station in the harbor were laid underground. As a double-track electrified railway

3960-502: Is estimated to have 500,000. Sri Lanka has an estimated 120,000. And Nepal imports around 5,000 Chinese 2WTs per year with estimated population of over 40,000. Parts of Africa have begun importing Chinese tractors and Nigeria have an estimated population close to 100,000. In Europe: Southern Germany, northern and southern Italy, Switzerland, and many countries of central/Eastern Europe also have significant populations of 2-wheel tractors, as they have been sold there for agricultural use since

4092-399: Is no doubt of the near 100% mutual intelligibility of (standard) Croatian and (standard) Serbian, as is obvious from the ability of all groups to enjoy each others' films, TV and sports broadcasts, newspapers, rock lyrics etc.", writes Bailyn. Differences between various standard forms of Serbo-Croatian are often exaggerated for political reasons. Most Croatian linguists regard Croatian as

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4224-571: Is no regulatory body that determines the proper usage of Croatian. However, in January 2023, the Croatian Parliament passed a law that prescribes the official use of the Croatian language, regulates the establishment of the Council for the Croatian language as a coordinating advisory body whose work will be focused on the protection and development of the Croatian language. State authorities, local and regional self-government entities are obliged to use

4356-491: Is not on the priority list of the Croatian Railways - Infrastructure. Split Main Railway Station, located on the eastern part of Split harbour, was proposed to be retained as a terminus , dug in underground and refurbished. These plans were heavily criticized by mayor heading the preceding city administration. On March 20, Croatian minister for transport and infrastructure Oleg Butkovic visited Split Airport and stated that

4488-1049: Is officially used and taught at all universities in Croatia and at the University of Mostar in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Studies of Croatian language are held in Hungary (Institute of Philosophy at the ELTE Faculty of Humanities in Budapest ), Slovakia (Faculty of Philosophy of the Comenius University in Bratislava ), Poland ( University of Warsaw , Jagiellonian University , University of Silesia in Katowice , University of Wroclaw , Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan ), Germany ( University of Regensburg ), Australia (Center for Croatian Studies at

4620-456: Is planned that new stations will be added along the tracks and the existing stops renovated. The line runs through two tunnels within the city centre of Split; within the longer of the two tunnels a metro -like station ( Split-H.B.Z. ) will be opened in 2021 to serve the city centre. The line is 17.8 kilometres (11.1 mi) long while an average train ride lasts for 25 minutes. A link with Split Airport (in 2025) and further extension to Trogir

4752-625: Is the standardised variety of the Serbo-Croatian pluricentric language mainly used by Croats . It is the national official language and literary standard of Croatia , one of the official languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina , Montenegro , the Serbian province of Vojvodina , the European Union and a recognized minority language elsewhere in Serbia and other neighbouring countries. In

4884-645: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights in Croatian (2009 Croatian government official translation): Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in English: Two-wheel tractor Research has identified a number of terms used to identify two-wheel tractors, including "walk-behind tractor; iron-ox; walking tractor; mechanical ox; ox-machine; pedestrian tractor; hand tractor; single-axle tractor; and in Asia, tok-tok". There

5016-556: The Ariens Company continues, and Gravely is now a subsidiary of Ariens. Gravely [Ariens] discontinued the production of their own two-wheel tractor in 2002. Since then, they for a short time imported a Swiss machine (the Rapid brand) and sold it under the Gravely label; they have discontinued this as well. Japanese entrepreneurs began to indigenously design and manufacture two-wheel tractors in

5148-642: The D8 road dual carriageway . CR-Infrastructure claimed that this option would be cheaper than digging the rail underground, the construction would cause less interruption, and there would be no legal or expropriation issues . In March 2020, Croatian Railways board member Darko Barisic presented ongoing plans to local stakeholders. CR invested 3,6 million HRK in reconstruction of Split-Predgrade station; further 7,5 million will be spent on building new stations (Dujmovača, Solin-Širina and Sveti Kajo), with construction work to commence in spring 2020. Underground station Split - HBZ

5280-684: The Declaration on the Name and Status of the Croatian Literary Language ). In the late medieval period up to the 17th century, the majority of semi-autonomous Croatia was ruled by two domestic dynasties of princes ( banovi ), the Zrinski and the Frankopan , which were linked by inter-marriage. Toward the 17th century, both of them attempted to unify Croatia both culturally and linguistically, writing in

5412-604: The Latin alphabet and are living in parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina , different parts of Croatia , southern parts (inc. Budapest ) of Hungary as well in the autonomous province Vojvodina of Serbia . The Institute of Croatian Language and Linguistics added the Bunjevac dialect to the List of Protected Intangible Cultural Heritage of the Republic of Croatia on 8 October 2021. Article 1 of

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5544-935: The Macquarie University ), Northern Macedonia (Faculty of Philology in Skopje ) etc. Croatian embassies hold courses for learning Croatian in Poland, United Kingdom and a few other countries. Extracurricular education of Croatian is hold in Germany in Baden-Württemberg , Berlin , Hamburg and Saarland , as well as in North Macedonia in Skopje , Bitola , Štip and Kumanovo . Some Croatian Catholic Missions also hold Croatian language courses (for. ex. CCM in Buenos Aires ). There

5676-491: The Wheel Horse Company, whose first product was a walk-behind two-wheel tractor. In quick succession in 1959 and 1960, Rototiller traded hands to Porter Cable Company of Syracuse, New York, and then to Rockwell Manufacturing Company of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The rear-tine rototiller business continued to decline and Porter-Cable sold its Rototiller and small engine division to Moto-Mower Division (Richmond, Indiana) of

5808-404: The diesel multiple unit HZP 7-023 series to the stakeholders. Rail-workers' trade union representatives supported investing in the Split suburban rail network as a way to improve Croatian Railways ' sustainability, profits, and mission fulfillment. The Government of Croatia officially supported the project in a cabinet meeting held in Split on May 4, 2018. Croatian Railways-Infrastructure

5940-479: The general urban plan changes with respect to the new rail line have been ongoing in their jurisdictions. Split Airport and Port of Split directors expressed their intention to co-finance the project. Under the auspices of the Croatian Chamber of Commerce and its vice president Mirjana Čagalj, on April 30, 2018, a memorandum establishing the multiyear partnership on Split area rail passenger traffic development

6072-519: The minister of transport Oleg Butković at the ceremonial opening of Čiovo bridge, stating that connecting Split Airport with the Port of Split by rail is the most important railway project in Croatia. A new study on the proposed Split-Kastela-Airport-Trogir railway was published in the railway engineering journal in June 2018. It probed into the feasibility of two options: either linking the Split airport/Trogir with

6204-623: The 1940s. A number of reports have highlighted safety concerns associated with the operation of two-wheel tractors. The most common accidents involve crossing the bunds and road transport. The operation of two-wheel tractors for transport at night is a recognised hazard in many countries, particularly as single headlights can be mistaken for a motorcycle. Research undertaken in Cambodia and Laos concluded that two-wheel tractors are involved in around five per cent of fatal accidents. Occupational health and safety reports have recommended regular breaks for

6336-864: The 1960s. Before that first tractor Directly purchased from Japan to Madurai . That aided in setting up multiple joint ventures with Japanese two-wheel tractor manufacturers. Initial government prospects for two-wheel tractors were very high (targets were set at 100,000 two-wheel tractors sold per year by mid-1970s). To meet these expectations the Government of India expanded its efforts to include government subsidies, and greatly increased research, development and extension programs for two-wheel tractors. Despite these efforts two-wheel tractor adoption has been disappointing. Especially so when current number of two-wheel tractors estimated at 100,000 are compared with neighboring Sri Lanka's and Bangladesh's two-wheel tractor populations of 120,000 and 400,000 respectively- countries that are

6468-551: The 1980s and 1990s, more than 50,000 tractors were reportedly being produced and sold each year and by 2006 more than 70,000 were being produced and even more imported so that estimates of 2WT population is between 1.7 – 2.0 million 2WTs in Thailand. In 1955, Ray Wijewardene designed a two-wheel tractor. An early attempt to mechanize farm labour during the Green Revolution, it was eventually manufactured and marketed worldwide by

6600-602: The 50th anniversary of the Declaration, at the beginning of 2017, a two-day meeting of experts from Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Serbia and Montenegro was organized in Zagreb, at which the text of the Declaration on the Common Language of Croats, Bosniaks, Serbs and Montenegrins was drafted. The new Declaration has received more than ten thousand signatures . It states that in Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Montenegro

6732-433: The 7 km of new tracks necessary to connect the airport to Split with rail are in the planning process by Croatian Railways-Infrastructure and that he hopes that the work will commence in 2021. In early April, Croatian Railways-Infrastructure published an open bid for plans to renovate Split railway tunnel and to build an underground station "Split-H.B.Z." inside of it. The plan foresees exclusive use of diesel trains in

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6864-421: The 8 km connection between Kaštel Stari station (on the existing M604 tracks) via Rudine to Split Airport , bypassing Kastela proper, is the most favourable solution to integrate the airport onto the suburban railway. Its construction is planned to finish by 2025–6. People living in the buildings around Kopilica station expressed their disapproval for the plans. The January issue of Građevinar , journal of

6996-527: The American as their initial model (Francks 1996: 789). Farmers quickly found that 2-wheel tractors were more economical to use, as compared to keeping animals for tillage and 2-wheel tractors began selling widely. Agricultural machinery dealers received cattle for the barter for tractors and they and in turn sold the cattle in the meat market. Average tractor horsepower per hectare in 1950 was nearly zero. This average grew to 0.86 PS per hectare within ten years with

7128-583: The Bungartz name. The SIMAR Co.( Société Industrielle de Machines Agicoles Rotatives ) of Switzerland began development of a similar machine and by 1932 was producing several machines ranging from 2½ to 10 horsepower, with a tilling width of 14" to 36", and weight from 220 to 880 pounds (100 to 400 kg). Starting after World War II, many countries in Europe started producing two-wheel tractors, most notably Italy. In 2014, Italy had over 15 manufacturers. Starting in

7260-484: The Croatian Association of Civil Engineers, reported that the planned route to Split Airport will branch off earlier, from Kaštel Kambelovac station, running along D58 and thus through Kaštela proper. Civil engineers of Split criticized the way forward regarding Kopilica hub. City representatives announced that one train operating every 10–12 minutes in peak hours will serve the line, while they are negotiating

7392-419: The Croatian elite. In the 1860s, the Zagreb Philological School dominated the Croatian cultural life, drawing upon linguistic and ideological conceptions advocated by the members of the Illyrian movement. While it was dominant over the rival Rijeka Philological School and Zadar Philological Schools , its influence waned with the rise of the Croatian Vukovians (at the end of the 19th century). Croatian

7524-433: The Croatian language. The current standard language is generally laid out in the grammar books and dictionaries used in education, such as the school curriculum prescribed by the Ministry of Education and the university programmes of the Faculty of Philosophy at the four main universities . In 2013, a Hrvatski pravopis by the Institute of Croatian Language and Linguistics received an official sole seal of approval from

7656-420: The Dura Corp. of Detroit (formerly Detroit Harvester) according to a May 10, 1962 article in the Richmond Palladium-Item & Sun-Telegram. In 1961 Rototiller, Inc. and the Roto-Ette trademark disappeared. There were also numerous other American manufacturers of two-wheel tractors; among them: David Bradley, Choremaster, Simplicity and others. All these manufacturers operated in the 1940–1970 year range. Today,

7788-542: The Holy Widow Judith Composed in Croatian Verses ". The Croatian–Hungarian Agreement designated Croatian as one of its official languages. Croatian became an official EU language upon accession of Croatia to the European Union on 1 July 2013. In 2013, the EU started publishing a Croatian-language version of its official gazette. Standard Croatian is the official language of the Republic of Croatia and, along with Standard Bosnian and Standard Serbian , one of three official languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina . It

7920-481: The Landmaster company in Nottingham, UK. By 1975 nearly 11,000 units had been imported. In 1975, the Sri Lanka Air Force began manufacturing two-wheel tractors under the "Guvan" marque. By 2001, over 2,000 mostly Chinese 2WTs were being imported per year and by 2007 it was estimated that there were over 125,000 2WTs in Sri Lanka. The term "Landmaster" is still used in Sri Lanka for any make. Interest in two-wheel tractors in India began with special government programs in

8052-411: The Ministry of Education. The most prominent recent editions describing the Croatian standard language are: Also notable are the recommendations of Matica hrvatska , the national publisher and promoter of Croatian heritage, and the Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography , as well as the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts . Numerous representative Croatian linguistic works were published since

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8184-402: The Split railway tunnel and open the underground station Split-H.B.Z., and a contract was signed between CR and Split authorities, but in late 2015 the City of Split definitely withdrew from the project citing the lack of funds as the main reason. In 2011, Croatian Railways struck off one third - 7 daily departures from its timetable, amidst heavy protests and criticism. The major issues plaguing

8316-992: The Thai Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. As the early 2WTs did not have steering clutches, longer handles were provided for turning and controlling the tractor more easily in fields. Initially the engines were taken from kerosene engine powered irrigation pumps, but as the popularity of the tractor became obvious (known as the "Iron Buffalo"), three Japanese firms set up diesel engine factories in Thailand with agreements to progressively increase local content. Later, steering clutches were provided on many companies' models. The tractor gear box and chassis are made by many local industries (Samakkee Lohakij Ltd., Agri-Mechanics Co Ltd., Ayutthaya Tractor Factory, Cosmonoki Thai International Co. Ltd., C.R. Tractor Co Ltd, Inter Kankaset Co. Ltd, Jakpetch Tractor Co. Ltd., Jor Charoenchai Tractor, Kor Rungruang, Muileng Industry Ltd., Samakkee Lohakij Ltd., Siam Kubota Industry Co. Ltd., etc.). Initially, factories copied from one another, and competing for sales to

8448-449: The United States, at one point offering 120 individual attachments for their all-gear drive machines. In 1915, Rush Hamilton of Healdsville, California, designed grouser drive wheels for his tractor, which came with an articulated two-iron-wheeled sulky to which wagons or plows could be attached. It was about this time that he formed the Hamilton Tractor Company. About 10 years later, the wheels were called "Hamilton wheels" when used on

8580-477: The addition of a second train. Split chamber of architects president criticized the lack of development studies and any traffic impact studies. In mid-February, two companies submitted their bids for the construction tender for temporary Kopilica hub. Together with the construction supervision, costs of refurbishing Kopilica hub were estimated at 11 million HRK, while the reconstruction of adjacent Hercegovacka street, started in February, cost additional 2.2 million. Bid

8712-442: The beginning of the 20th century, in addition to designing a phonological orthography. Croatian is written in Gaj's Latin alphabet . Besides the Shtokavian dialect, on which Standard Croatian is based, there are two other main supradialects spoken on the territory of Croatia, Chakavian and Kajkavian . These supradialects, and the four national standards, are usually subsumed under the term "Serbo-Croatian" in English; this term

8844-407: The bulk of Asian machines are still produced without this feature. Some two wheel drive tractors can be paired, through the PTO, with a drive axle on trailing equipment, creating a four wheel drive arrangement for severe conditions. In France, Somua, a company set up in the mid to late 1800s for making military equipment and later buses and even three wheel tractors, began making "motorculteurs" from

8976-407: The bullock population, the government began to allow what they once considered inferior quality Chinese two-wheel tractors to be imported to aid in fulfilling farmers land preparation needs. Chinese two-wheel tractors cost 50% less than the comparable Japanese manufactured two-wheel tractors and adoption quickly increased, to over 100,000 by 1993, 200,000 by the late 1990s and some current estimates put

9108-513: The chores done by larger 4-wheel tractors, with the exception of items like front-loaders, which obviously have the physical stability requirements of a 4-wheel (two-axle) tractor. This confusion over, or perhaps just ignorance of the utility of 2-wheel tractors, persists even at research and institutional levels. The United Nation's Food and Agriculture Organization's own statistical database , FAO Stat gauges levels of agricultural mechanization by numbers of 4-wheel tractors and ignores completely

9240-584: The city administration and that the Croatian Railways have already started refurbishing Rudine station . Split chapter of the Croatian Chamber of Commerce presented the plan for connecting Split Airport through Kopilica with the city center to airport management in an on-site March 14 meeting. In mid-March, Split city administration presented the first draft of the EBRD co-financed masterplan concerning urban redevelopment, dubbed "Split United." The plan includes light-rail connecting Split airport to Split harbor via Kopilica hub. An electrified rail line connecting

9372-418: The construction of the Split-H.B.Z. underground station to start in 2020. Split chamber of architects ( Društvo arhitekata Split ) publicly criticized and rejected both the design and the temporary nature of Kopilica intermodal transport hub . The opposition in Split city council pointed at unresolved legal and real estate ownership issues around Kopilica station (Split-Predgrade). The City of Split published

9504-462: The construction of the railway to Split Airport as "everyone's dream", vowing "not to stop" until the line is completed. In October 2017, after expressing the importance of this project, Split mayor met with local counterparts in Kaštela to discuss the development. Kaštela mayor Denis Ivanović stated that this line would be the most profitable railway line in Croatia . After a series of traffic jams on

9636-506: The construction works have not begun. In 2021, Ivica Puljak was elected mayor of Split, defeating Vice Mihanović, the candidate of Croatia’s ruling HDZ party. During the election campaign, the Split metro was completely out of focus. As of 2022, it’s still out of focus. Neither local nor national politicians talk about it. Croatian language North America South America Oceania Croatian ( / k r oʊ ˈ eɪ ʃ ən / ; hrvatski [xř̩ʋaːtskiː] )

9768-679: The cultivated language of administration and intellectuals from the Istrian peninsula along the Croatian coast, across central Croatia up into the northern valleys of the Drava and the Mura . The cultural apex of this 17th century idiom is represented by the editions of " Adrianskoga mora sirena " ("The Siren of the Adriatic Sea") by Petar Zrinski and " Putni tovaruš " ("Traveling escort") by Katarina Zrinska . However, this first linguistic renaissance in Croatia

9900-549: The early 1920s. According to Francks (1996) an Okayama farmer Nishizaki Hiroshi (born 1897) was returning from the World War I determined not to walk behind his father's draft animals and began experimenting with attaching a plow to the newly available small horsepower kerosene engines that farmers were beginning to use for pumping water and threshing. Nishazaki saw a Swiss made garden tractor (? SIMAR  ?- Société Industrielle de Machines Agicoles Rotatives ) being demonstrated through

10032-522: The early 20th century and for many decades involved a mixture of people working independently in local contexts and, in other cases, of people expanding on the inspiration provided by others' work in distant locales, learned about via exports , travel (whether for jobs , business , or military service ), or reading ( magazines , newspapers , journals ). The homegrown instances and the interwoven threads are discussed in subsequent sections. In 1910, Dr. Konrad von Meyenburg of Basel, Switzerland, applied for

10164-416: The existing M604 railway from Kaštel Stari (8 km track) on far west end of the urban area or from Kaštel Sućurac , very close to Split proper (12.6k. The latter would effectively create a proper suburban rail line connecting the entire Kastela area with Split, airport, and Trogir. The former would cost around 100-150 million euros, while the latter would cost 230-280 million due to the longer track and

10296-400: The expected cost by more than 30%. Split mayor Krstulovic-Opara stated in an interview to Vecernji list on January 19 that his priority is to connect Trogir, Kastela, Solin and Split agglomeration with rail. In January 2019, internet news portal T-portal reported that the feasibility study (contrary to the earlier studies, such as that of Matić, Nosal and Mikec from 2018) concluded that

10428-489: The fact that 2-wheel tractors often perform much, or even exactly, the same work as done by 4-wheeled models. By using FAO's statistics, international donors and agricultural research and development centres assume, as Bangladesh and Sri Lanka have very few 4-wheel tractors, that they are completely unmechanized compared to (e.g.) India, which has a large population of them (besides 300,000 two-wheel tractors ). Yet, when two-wheel tractors are included, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka are

10560-599: The farm, etc. Most farm households that own a 4-wheel tractor also own at least one 2-wheel tractor. The unique long-handled "Thai" type two-wheel tractor was developed in the late 1950s by M.R. Debriddhi Devakul (M.R. stands for Mom Rajawong, meaning that his great-grandfather was the King of Thailand, and that he could be properly addressed as "Prince"), head of the Engineering Division of the Thai Rice Department, of

10692-483: The highest numbers that are estimated to approach 16 million. What percentage of this total is used in agriculture is not well understood. Their previously noted multiple work roles is said to have a large percentage used for transport in rural areas as well as peri-urban construction sites, etc. Thailand and Vietnam both manufacture and import and have estimated population of 3 million and 500,000 respectively. Bangladesh has for two decades imported over 50,000 per year and

10824-483: The implement being towed. Two-wheel tractors are designed to operate multiple interchangeable implements, where machines in the categories above typically only operate one implement (such as a tiller), in which the implement is often integral to the machine (rather than being removable). "Power tiller" can be understood as a garden tiller/rototiller of the small (3–7 hp or 2.2–5.2 kW) petrol/ gasoline /electric powered, hobby gardener variety; they are often sold as

10956-523: The implement, controlled the tractor via reins , just as he would a horse team. By 1918, the Moline Plow Company 's Moline Universal Tractor likewise relied on its implement to supply the rear wheels in a four-wheel articulated unit, though its design dispensed with the long trailer tongue and horse reins. A 1918 example of Moline advertising called the Universal "the original two-wheel tractor", which

11088-582: The increased competition from China, Kirloskar 's KOEL division, began production in 2015 of their indigenously developed Mega-T brand 15 horsepower diesel engine 2-wheel tractor as well as offering various attachments like rotovator, reaper-harvester, seed drill, etc. Indian manufactures that did not survive are: JK Satoh Agricultural Machinery Ltd. a collaboration between JK Cotton Spinning and Weaving Mills Ltd (based in Kanpur, UP) and Satoh Agricultural Machinery Ltd., Japan, began production of two-wheel tractors in

11220-553: The independence of Croatia, among them three voluminous monolingual dictionaries of contemporary Croatian. In 2021, Croatia introduced a new model of linguistic categorisation of the Bunjevac dialect (as part of New-Shtokavian Ikavian dialects of the Shtokavian dialect of the Croatian language) in three sub-branches: Dalmatian (also called Bosnian-Dalmatian), Danubian (also called Bunjevac), and Littoral-Lika. Its speakers largely use

11352-572: The inner city center. News portal T-Portal and Slobodna Dalmacija local daily also reported that the "north" option to connect the Airport to M604 , with a route avoiding Kastela, was the most likely solution in the long term. The design and the plan of the new temporary bus station / intermodal hub, the lack of plans of electrifying the existing track, leading to the difficulty of opening Split-H.B.Z. underground station amidst diesel exhaust fumes, and avoiding connecting Kastela commuting population to

11484-633: The lack of railway commuting tradition among the population, this maintains the reliance on personal vehicles for transport. In 2007, the suburban railway served just 57,078 passengers and collected 441,690 HRK in fares. In 2010, railway served 111,000 passengers. Town of Kaštela 2016-20 traffic strategy called for a better integration of the suburban railway with the public transport , citing poor state of railway infrastructure, its outdatedness, and low quality and safety of suburban rail traffic. Split Predgrađe - Split line sold just 635 tickets from its operation start in early June till June 30, 2019. Since

11616-519: The late 1920s till after World War II. Other manufacturers now out of business were Energic and Labor. Staub appeared to start making motorculteurs from about 1938 and still in production today. The first rototiller was the PP3. Later there was a PP4. Two-wheel tractors existed in the U.S. at least as early as 1913, when the Detroit Tractor Company advertised a tractor whose operator, riding on

11748-583: The late 1960s and early 1970s, many European two-wheel tractors underwent an "evolution" which sharply contrasted them from the Asian and American machines: The introduction of fully reversible handlebars , allowed the machine's PTO (Power Take Off, where implements are mounted) to be effectively in the front or rear of the tractor, depending on handlebar position. This allowed much safer and more practical operation. Only very recently (since 2005) have any Asian manufacturers added this feature to their machines at all, and

11880-476: The latter layout option (branching off from Kastela Stari station / Rudine hamlet), citing conservation and agriculture damage as main reasons. In October, deeming Kastela proposal too difficult as it contains high elevation, Croatian Railways-Infrastructure came back to the Ministry of Transport with yet another layout proposal. The new tracks would branch off from Kastel Kambelovac and would be built on pillars between

12012-488: The line include the distance of the railway tracks (built for long-distance traffic towards Knin and Zagreb) from the population centers along Bay of Kaštela. Despite the fact that around 35% of Split, 40% of Solin, and 50% of Kastela population lives along the suburban railway, due to the urban sprawl and the lack of spatial planning the surrounding area mostly consists of single-family detached homes with low urban density and poor access to public transport. Together with

12144-443: The line. Kaštel Kambelovac , Split Airport and Trogir train stations would also be built from scratch. Split-Trogir line would have an annual capacity of 5.6 million passengers. The calculations estimated the cost at 500 million kuna . In August 2017, commemorating the anniversary of the re-establishment of the railway traffic between Split and the continental Croatia after the war in 1995, Split mayor Krstulović Opara announced

12276-420: The line. In 1950 The Bucher KT 10 'walking' tractor for tillage and other farm related work went into production. In 2003 Bucher sold the two-wheel tractor division. Over this period a total of 116,000 two-wheel motor-driven machines had been delivered. Established in 1916, Gravely Tractors began production of two-wheel tractor with moldboard plows costing approximately US$ 170 and slowly grew to become one of

12408-430: The line. Its use caused disruption on lines towards Kastela and Perkovic. In early November 2019, Split (Kopilica) - Split (Harbor) standalone line was removed from schedule in favor of better integrating Kastel Stari-Split line. Due to the frequent traffic bottlenecks, jams, and the rapid increase in passenger traffic at the nearby Split Airport (doubling between 2013 and 2017 to 3 million passengers, increasing further at

12540-404: The lines, add another set of tracks and extend the line to Trogir, but nothing happened. Croatian Railways invited the town of Split to work together on defining the new Trogir-Airport-Split railway in 2014. In 2017, a conceptual design study for the line was published. It probed into two different paths (north and south from D8 road ), estimating that two viaducts and one tunnel should be built for

12672-441: The machine operator due to vibrations. However, safety researchers have concluded that "the risk to public safety must be weighed against the economic and social benefits." Abbiategrasso. Other Italian manufacturers include Goldoni, Bertolini, SEP/Barbieri, Casorzo, Lampacrescia, Fort, MAB, Meccanica Benassi, Nibbi, Adriatica, and Mira (as of 2014). Bucher Industries In 1945 the first "Record" two-wheel power mower came off

12804-467: The mid-18th century, the first attempts to provide a Croatian literary standard began on the basis of the Neo-Shtokavian dialect that served as a supraregional lingua franca – pushing back regional Chakavian , Kajkavian , and Shtokavian vernaculars . The decisive role was played by Croatian Vukovians , who cemented the usage of Ijekavian Neo-Shtokavian as the literary standard in the late 19th and

12936-523: The more populous Neo-Shtokavian – a version of Shtokavian that eventually became the predominant dialectal basis of both Croatian and Serbian literary language from the 19th century on. Supported by various South Slavic proponents, Neo-Shtokavian was adopted after an Austrian initiative at the Vienna Literary Agreement of 1850, laying the foundation for the unified Serbo-Croatian literary language. The uniform Neo-Shtokavian then became common in

13068-433: The most highly mechanized countries in south Asia in terms of area farmed using mechanized tillage. Two-wheel tractors are also extremely common for agricultural use in the mountainous countries of Europe (Italy, France, Spain, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, etc.), and as of 2015, there are at least 15 brands of two-wheel tractors of Italian origin alone. Development of single-axle tractors and power tillers worldwide began in

13200-454: The most important characteristic of a nation is widely accepted, stemming from the 19th-century history of Europe. The 1967 Declaration on the Status and Name of the Croatian Literary Language , in which a group of Croatian authors and linguists demanded greater autonomy for Croatian, is viewed in Croatia as a linguistic policy milestone that was also a general milestone in national politics. On

13332-509: The most recognized commercial lawn and garden machinery manufacturers in the US. In 1986 Gravely became a wholly owned subsidiary of the Ariens Company. Gravely [Ariens] discontinued the production of their own two-wheel tractor in 2002. Since then, they for a short time imported a Swiss machine (the Rapid brand) and sold it under the Gravely label; they have discontinued this as well. Until 2016 when

13464-465: The name Gravely Tractor . The Model "D" Gravely Power Plow, like the prototype, was a single-wheeled affair, with a 2 horsepower (1.5 kW) air-cooled engine . It wasn't until 1937 that Gravely would introduce the Model L two-wheeled tractor with a 5 horsepower (3.7 kW) engine. Through the 20th century, Gravely became arguably one of the most successful and recognizable two-wheeled tractors produced in

13596-560: The national Ministry of traffic and infrastructure representatives to discuss the project. The railway was deemed especially important in order to link the Split Airport to the Port of Split (next to the current Split main station) due to many of the 3 million airport passengers travelling to the Dalmatian islands. The integration and intermodality of the public transport of the Split region with

13728-624: The new company name Rototiller, Inc. and the "Rototiller" trademark (Kelsey didn't coin the name 'Rototiller'; it was already being used in Europe). The operation was moved to Long Island City, NY. and SIMAR from Switzerland was added to the line. Carl Kelsey designed, patented and made several improvements to the SIMAR and Siemens machines because of the different American soils versus the European soil that had been farmed for many more centuries. One major improvement

13860-456: The new line and new stations (Sv. Kajo, Kaštel Lukšić , Rudine , and Split Airport) in parallel. The feasibility study will be financed by the EU competitiveness and cohesion fund . The path of the new extended track and the point where it will branch off from the existing Split-Knin-Zagreb railway is yet to be defined. Split mayor emphasized the need to refurbish the railway infrastructure not only for

13992-487: The number at well over 300,000 Chinese two-wheel tractors. Though there has been some criticism on the high cost of imports, others have noted that there is now a very large spare parts industry in support of the Chinese imports. A kuliglig is a vehicle composed of a two-wheeled trailer pulled by a two-wheeled tractor similar to a rotary tiller . It is powered by multi-purpose diesel or gasoline engine , commonly used in

14124-544: The point that the tractor's chassis without engine has become very inexpensive, about one third to one half the cost of the engine. The "Thai tractor" eventually evolved into a more general standard "NC" type models with three gears forward, one reverse, and steering clutches. Attachments that are available are moldboard and disc plows, spiked tooth harrows, trailed-type (non-powered) rotary puddlers (lateral drums with protruding paddles), various types of levelers and simple trailers (usually without brakes or lights). Recently (2010),

14256-466: The preference for the simpler solution instead of the new line running through/underneath Kastela proper. In November, a Kastela-based NGO came in favour of the new track through Kastela proper due to its commuting nature. In December 2018, public stakeholders and local authorities together with the Croatian Railways agreed on relocating the main railway hub and (temporarily) a new central bus station to Kopilica station (officially Split Predgrade ), where

14388-979: The provinces of the Philippines . The kuliglig traces its etymology from the Filipino term kuliglig , meaning " cicada " (a type of insect) which was adopted by one manufacturer as a brand. Kuliglig's are commonly used for: According to the Land Transportation Office , the kuliglig owner is not required to register his vehicle since it has no serial number and has purposes other than simple transportation. In some urban areas, kuligligs are sometimes used as an alternative public utility vehicle . These are modified three-wheel pedicabs ( cycle rickshaw ) with attached motor engines used by fishing boats or "bancas". The operation of these version of Kuliglig has been banned by Metro Manila to decongest noise pollution but are still present in some provinces. China has

14520-673: The rapid spread of 2-wheel tractors. Trailer attachments were also being widely utilized for transportation. Matsuyamasuki, presently known as Niplo brand, invented the Japanese style mold board plow to be attached to 2-wheel tractor, that made plowing with a moldboard possible with 2.5 horsepower (1.9 kW) tractors. Though four-wheel "riding" tractors began to spread in the 1960s, and are taking over primary tillage operations, 2-wheel tractors are still popular in Japan for primary tillage and inter-cultivation in vegetable production, transportation around

14652-524: The ride would last for 3 minutes. Starting from March 2019, CR will open three new stations (Split-Dujmovača, Sveti Kajo and Solin -Širine) on the existing line, adding more commuters further out of the city, north from Kopilica. The existing pre-determined spot in railway tunnel between Kopilica and Split Main Station will be equipped and opened as an underground Split-H.B.Z. station. Split authorities will stimulate bus operators to use Kopilica (Split-Predgrade) as their terminal by charging 700-800kn per entry to

14784-427: The route between Kastela and Split in March 2018, mayor Krstulović Opara cited them as a further proof that the road traffic is overwhelmed and that a new railway was necessary. Mayor's opposition, Split social democrats , also supported the new railway. On April 17, 2018, Split's mayor met with mayors of Kaštela, Solin and Trogir, Croatian Railways president, as well as Split Airport director, Port authority , and

14916-494: The route complexity (a tunnel underneath the D-8 road). At a July 19 on-site meeting with the Split area mayors and the state secretary for transport, the CEO of Croatian Railwyays-Passenger Transport declared the opening of the new stations on the existing track (Split-H.B.Z., Split-Dujmovača, and Solin-Širine) to be the first step to follow. CR will draft the studies and necessary documents for

15048-705: The scene producing various versions. By 1938 there were 22 manufacturers in Japan with 17 of them in Okayama. By 1939 there were over 2800 two-wheel tractors/rotovators in use in Japan. But by the early 1940s nearly half of all the machines were out of commission due to lack of quality and spare parts. After World War II small 2-wheel tractors were imported from the United States and were mainly intended for use in transportation/pulling carts and small trailers. As these gained popularity many Japanese manufacturers "...taking hints gleaned from foreign machines..." started production using

15180-468: The section between Divulje and Trogir would cost between €30 and 80 million. The second route would branch off from Kaštel Sućurac , requiring 12.6 km of tracks (11.6 km underground). The latter would cost €200 million just to reach Divulje. The case and development study planning would take 3–5 years, while the construction of the railway itself another 3–6 years. 8 train compositions would be bought for this line; Končar representatives presented

15312-426: The speakers themselves largely do not use it. Within ex-Yugoslavia, the term has largely been replaced by the ethnopolitical terms Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin, and Serbian. The use of the name "Croatian" for a language has historically been attested to, though not always distinctively. The first printed Croatian literary work is a vernacular Chakavian poem written in 1501 by Marko Marulić , titled " The History of

15444-545: The suburban railway were criticized in the daily press as well as by the members of the Split City Council. Answering questions regarding electrification and timing of the construction, Split deputy mayor Nino Vela stated at a Council meeting that electrification was discussed with Croatian Railways. However, this would require substantial investments and construction of a major traction substation . The opening and integration of first five stations will be prioritized, with

15576-474: The suburban traffic, but also for the more efficient railway link between Central Europe and Zagreb, and Split and Dalmatia. On September 30, Split county prefect commented that the renovation and reconstruction of the existing M604 line section Split-Kastel Stari (Rudine) would commence already in 2019, with the construction of the link between the M604 and Split Airport / Trogir starting in 2021. This would imply

15708-470: The time frame unrealistic. In March it was reported that the rail tunnel does not have the necessary permits, which would result in shelving the plans for the Split-H.B.Z. metro station, but the city administration dismissed those claims. In a town hall meeting, Split city representatives claimed that the frequency of trains running between Kopilica hub and Split Main Station will follow from the needs as defined by

15840-411: The tracks pass very closely through the suburban area without fences, and the car crossings are frequent, there have been a number of accidents. In 2001, a train killed a 19-year-old who was crossing the railway on two-wheel tractor ; in 2006 a passenger train killed a man crossing the tracks in his car in Kaštel Sućurac, In December 2008, train collided with a car, injuring 5 in Kaštel Sućurac; while in

15972-433: The tunnel. In September it was reported that, out of three proposed options, Kastela city administration supported the railway line extension from Kastel Kambelovac as opposed to branching off further away, at Kastel Stari station (€300 million), despite the higher cost. However, Kastela mayor wanted to probe into digging the line underground, which was deemed too expensive. Additionally, Kastela mayor also proposed changes to

16104-403: The two is seen as a crucial factor. The funds for electrification of the existing rail line and the construction of the new segment are planned to be sought in EU cohesion funds between 2020 and 2027. State secretary in the Ministry of transport , T. Mihotić, remarked that the goal is to connect Trogir to the railway as well, while the electrification timeline is not on the table as this line

16236-454: The weekdays and 8 trains during the weekend. Croatian Railways operate refurbished Y1 diesel multiple units and new HŽ 7023 diesel multiple units on the track. Several times a day bus connection runs between Split airport/Trogir and Kastel Stari railway station, aligned with the train schedule. Split-Predgrađe (Kopilica) - Split line was served by 27 trains daily in each direction on the weekdays. Just one HŽ 7023 diesel multiple unit ran on

16368-592: Was a fanciful claim in light of the Detroit Tractor and other machinery described with that phrase from 1913 through 1915. But Moline Plow no doubt felt pressured to claim priority in response to a very similarly built competitor, the Allis-Chalmers Model 6-12 , which Moline Plow alleged was a patent-infringing copy. E.R. Beeman invented the Gas Garden tractor, two wheeled walk behind model, in 190_. He had been

16500-670: Was a shock absorber to reduce tine spring return bounce. In 1934 Kelsey and Rototiller, Inc. introduced its first rotary tiller of its own design, the Model AA All-American. And in 1937 Rototiller, Inc. moved from its Long Island City facility to 102nd Street and 9th Avenue in Troy, New York. In 1945 after selling the larger B-series Rototillers and trademark to Graham-Paige Motors, Rototiller, Inc. converted to full-time production of various models of small horsepower home garden size rototillers. In 1946, Cecil Pond of South Bend, Indiana, started

16632-486: Was appointed as a key stakeholder, Ministry of traffic as a coordinator among the stakeholders and the local authorities, while the total cost was estimated at €1.1 billion. However, the Croatian government spoke solely of connecting the Split Airport with the Port of Split and building Split-Kopilica as an intermodal hub . The plans for extending the line to Trogir were dropped. This was reaffirmed on July 17, 2018, by

16764-487: Was awarded to Čitić gradnja. Citizens living in 52 households around Kopilica [split-Predgrade] station, heavily concerned about the plans, lack of transparency, and their future life quality around the hub and the bus/train station, organized a protest. The opposition in Split council called for the plans of a temporary hub in Kopilica to be scrapped and a proper architectural and urban planning solution to be devised, estimating

16896-455: Was estimated to cost 60 million. Rudine, a new station where the new railway to Split Airport and further to Trogir would branch off from M604, is yet to be planned pending the selection of the optimal route after the feasibility study. Barisic said CR are to electrify the line. No progress has been made since 2020. The construction of the Split-HBZ station was to be completed in 2021. As of 2022,

17028-629: Was halted by the political execution of Petar Zrinski and Fran Krsto Frankopan by the Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I in Vienna in 1671. Subsequently, the Croatian elite in the 18th century gradually abandoned this combined Croatian standard. The Illyrian movement was a 19th-century pan- South Slavic political and cultural movement in Croatia that had the goal to standardise the regionally differentiated and orthographically inconsistent literary languages in Croatia, and finally merge them into

17160-474: Was planned, an underground station Split-H.B.Z. (with a 1,893 m tunnel) was built. A further section of the railway was covered in 1983. In 1991, Croatian war of independence broke out. The occupied territory severed the railway links between Split (and Dalmatia ) and the rest of Croatia. Between February 1993 and October 1994, Croatian Railways , facing many idle trains and railway workers in Dalmatia, organized

17292-439: Was quickly abandoned and Siemens began using two and four cycle single cylinder internal combustion gasoline/petrol or diesel engines to power their two-wheel tractors. Around 1932 Siemens sold off its cultivator division and focused on its electrical applications. Mr. Eberhard Bungartz of Munich, Germany, a trailer manufacturer, purchased the division in 1934 with all patents, parts, and machinery, and he went into production using

17424-481: Was signed between the CR, local authorities, national ministry, and other stakeholders in the project. Two possible routes for the new line to Trogir were mentioned. The first one would branch off from the existing tracks from Kastel Stari to Divulje and further to Trogir. This would mean 7 km of new tracks of which 3.4 km would be underground. The section between Kaštel Stari and Divulje would cost €70 million, while

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