The Satrapy of Lydia , known as Sparda in Old Persian ( Old Persian cuneiform 𐎿𐎱𐎼𐎭 , Sparda ), was an administrative province ( satrapy ) of the Achaemenid Empire , located in the ancient kingdom of Lydia , with Sardis as its capital.
13-479: Sparda may refer to: Sparda, the Old Persian name for Lydia Sparda (Devil May Cry) , a video game character Sparda-Bank , a group of German and Austrian cooperative banks Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Sparda . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
26-467: Is then said to have withdrawn to Ephesus after Tissaphernes arrived with a large force of cavalry. In any case, Thibron was recalled to Sparta and replaced by another general, Dercylidas , before he could launch his next campaign. Upon his return to Sparta Thibron was tried and exiled for allowing his troops to plunder Sparta's allies in the region. In 391 BC, during the Corinthian War , Thibron
39-803: The Great had Bagaeus kill Oroetus. Bagaeus himself may have become satrap for a short period, but the next rulers were Otanes and Darius' younger brother, Artaphernes . During the Ionian revolt in 499 BC, Sardis was sacked by the Greeks. Five years later, the rebellion was suppressed and to the surprise of the Greek world, Artaphernes was very lenient in his treatment of the rebels. After this period, many Persians settled in Lydia. The worship of eastern gods such as Anahita , as well as persified Lydian deities, began. Although members of
52-652: The Persian aristocracy were given estates in the region following the Greek revolt, Greeks loyal to the Persian Empire were also given estates. Artaphernes was succeeded as satrap in 492 BC by his son Artaphernes II . Lydians enrolled in the Achaemenid army , and participated to the Second Persian invasion of Greece (480–479 BC). Sardis was where all the troops of Xerxes stationed during the winter of 481-480 BC to prepare for
65-531: The attack. The Spartan army was routed and most of them, including Thibron, were killed. One source even indicates that Thibron was slain in personal combat by Struthas himself. What was left of his army was subsequently incorporated into a new army under Diphridas . It is likely that this Thibron is the same one mentioned by Aristotle as writing a treatise on the Spartan Constitution . [REDACTED] This article incorporates text from
78-512: The field. However, after he was joined by elements of the Ten Thousand , he was able to seize several cities. He then, according to Xenophon , settled in to besiege Larissa , but this proved fruitless, and Thibron was ordered to abandon it. Diodorus suggests that at some point, after taking Magnesia, Thibron attempted to conquer Tralles in Ionia, but was unsuccessful and returned to Magnesia. He
91-422: The invasion of Greece. From the period of 480 BC to 440 BC, there is little historical information about the satrap of Lydia. In 440 BC, the satrap Pissuthnes attempted to retake Samos, which had rebelled against Athens , but failed. In 420 BC, Pissuthnes revolted against the Persian king Darius II . The Persian soldier and statesman Tissaphernes (Pers. Tiθrafarna, Gr. Τισσαφέρνης), a grandson of Hydarnes ,
104-405: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sparda&oldid=933137719 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Lydia (satrapy) Tabalus , appointed by Cyrus the Great ,
117-453: Was a Spartan general. He was sent out as harmost in 400 BC, with an army of about 5,000 men, composed of 1,000 Neodamodes (emancipated helots ) and 4,000 other Peleponesians, to aid the Ionians against Tissaphernes , who wished to bring them into subjection. In addition to this force, Thibron recruited 2,000 local troops upon his arrival, but was initially unable to face the Persian army in
130-533: Was again dispatched to Ionia with orders to take aggressive action against the Persian satrap Struthas , who was pursuing a pro- Athenian , anti-Spartan policy. He was given an army of 8,000 men and launched a number of successful raids into Persian territory. His raids tended to be poorly organized, however, and Struthas took advantage of this to ambush one of these expeditions. Struthas successfully lured Thibron and his men into ideal cavalry terrain before launching
143-493: Was responsible for a series of treaties between the Persian king and the Greek city states. Autophradates was probably Tiribazus' direct successor, and was loyal to the Achaemenid monarch during a series of revolts in 370 BC. The last satrap of Lydia was Spithridates , who was killed by Alexander the Great at the battle of Granicus . Thimbron (fl. 400%E2%80%93391 BC) Thibron ( Ancient Greek : Θίβρων ; died 391 BC)
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#1732852207297156-501: Was sent by Darius II to Lydia to arrest and execute Pissuthnes. Tissaphernes became satrap of Lydia in 415 BC and continued to fight Amorges , son of Pissuthnes. After Sparta had defeated Athens, the Greeks invaded Lydia. Tissaphernes overcame the invasion of Thibron in 399 BC but was defeated at Sardis by the Spartan King Agesilaus II . The satrap was executed and replaced by Tiribazus , who restored order in Lydia and
169-540: Was the first satrap; however, his rule did not last long as the Lydians revolted. The insurrection was suppressed by general Mazares and his successor Harpagus . After Cyrus' death, Oroetus was appointed as satrap. Oroetus ruled during the reign of Cambyses , and after the chaotic period that followed the Persian king's death, he conquered the Greek isle of Samos , killing its ruler Polycrates . Due to his growing power, Darius
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