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25-602: The Jennet of Renaissance Spain was a type of riding horse characterised by an ambling gait . It is extinct , and was, at least in part, absorbed into what is now the Pura Raza Española . The Spanish Jennet Horse is a new breed of Jennet type is being created through the efforts of the Spanish Jennet Horse Society. The Registry requires that horse for the Pintado division be of full Paso Fino heritage and

50-546: A 1535 shipment of 100 purebred Spaniards – Andalusian stallions coming from Cadiz , Spain, to the Rio de la Plata imported by the founder of Buenos Aires , Pedro de Mendoza . In 1540, the hostility of the native populace forced the Spaniards to abandon Buenos Aires and release 12 to 45 horses. When Buenos Aires was resettled in 1580, it is estimated that the feral horse population numbered around 12,000. Since they largely reproduced in

75-717: A 21,500-kilometre (13,400 mi) trek from Buenos Aires to Manhattan, New York , crossing snow-capped mountains, the world's driest desert, the thickest tropical jungles, riding in all types of weather. Alternating the riding and packing between the two horses, the trio took three years to finish the trip. Tschiffely went through many hardships on the trip, including a bout of malaria, from the Pampas across La Quiaca , from La Paz , to Cuzco , Lima , Trujillo , Quito , Medellin and Cartagena . They rode up to 5,900 metres (19,400 ft) above sea level, through Passo El Cóndor, between Potosi and Chaliapata,(Bolivia). The horses did well in

100-537: A 60 m (200 ft) long delineated path beyond which the horses must not go during the defined trajectory. It is an amazing demonstration of control that can literally pick up a steer and place it wherever it needs to be. One example of the breed's fantastic endurance was the ride made by the Swiss-born Argentine rider Professor Aimé Félix Tschiffely (1894–1954) between 1925 and 1928. Tschiffely took two crioulos, 16-year-old Mancha and 15-year-old Gato, on

125-726: A Peruvian Paso Criollo horse The Criollo (in Spanish), or Crioulo (in Portuguese), is the native horse of the Pampas (a natural region between Uruguay, Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay, in South America) with a reputation for long-distance endurance linked to a low basal metabolism . The breed, known for its hardiness and stamina, is popular in its home countries. The word criollo or crioulo originally referred to human and animals of pure-bred Spanish ancestry who were born in

150-512: A larger, coarser, long-striding multi-purpose, saddle-cart horse resulted. However, the crossbreeding nearly ruined the native Spanish horse type. In 1918, the Argentine breeders decided to create a purebred criollo registry, and the breeders' association was then formed in 1923. Much infighting occurred between Emilio Solanet and Enrique Crotto's groups. The first promoted the Asian-type crioulo and

175-416: A straight or slightly convex profile with wide-set eyes. The croup is sloping, the haunches well-muscled, and the back, short with a strong loin. The criollo is tractable, intelligent, willing, and sensible. Criollo horses average 14.3 hands (149 cm) high, being the maximum height for stallions and geldings of 14 to 15 hands (142-152 cm) high. The difference between the maximum and minimum height for mares

200-532: A wide array of extreme topographies and climates. Gato lived to be 36 and Mancha 40. They lived the last years of their lives as celebrities in La estancia El Cardal (El Cardal Ranch), the breeding establishment of the man most credited for developing the crioulo breed, Dr. Emilio Solanet. In 1987, Jorge Saenz Rosas, owner of the Argentine Estancia Cristiano Muerto , offered his criollo Sufridor to

225-399: Is a well-proportioned animal of moderate height and build. Extremes in muscling or bone are considered faults. The optimum appearance is that of refinement with a deep chest, well sprung ribs and a strong, medium length back with broad, well muscled loins. This horse breed –related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Jennet A jennet or Spanish jennet

250-429: Is also considered a pleasure and trail horse which contributed a great deal to the Argentine polo pony They are also excellent rodeo and endurance horses. The national rodeo competition is known as paleteada , and it involves a paired team of horses and riders that approach a steer from both sides at a full run. The steer is sandwiched in between the two horses that lean onto the bovine, practically carrying it down

275-511: Is approximately 2 cm (one inch). The line-backed dun is the most popular color, but the breed may also come in bay, brown, black, chestnut, grullo, buckskin, palomino, blue or strawberry roan, gray and overo colors. The breed is famous for its endurance capabilities and ability to live in harsh conditions, as their homeland has both extreme heat and cold weather. They are frugal eaters, thriving on little grass. They have good disease resistance and are long-lived horses. The breed dates back to

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300-571: Is no mention of the Andalusian as a war horse in Corte's book, indicating that that breed either did not exist or was not used for war during the rise of Spain as a major European Power in 1494–1562. The castle of Venafro in the Italian region of Molise (which was under Spanish rule in the 1500s) has numerous frescos portraying the ginecti (jennets), which seem to closely resemble a modern-day Criollo horse or

325-532: The American Heritage Dictionary also defines "jennet", with the alternative spelling genet , as a small Spanish saddle horse. The "jennet" described a type, rather than a breed of horse, and thus is not used today; the term was in regular use during the Middle Ages to refer to a specific type of horse , usually one of Iberian or Barb extraction, often gaited . In the etymology provided by

350-478: The 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica , "jennet" is derived from the French genet , from Spanish jinete , a light horseman who rides à la jineta , explained as "with his legs tucked up." This referred to their style of riding with shorter stirrups, which they preferred for closer collection of the horse. The term is taken to be a corruption of Zenata , a Berber tribe famed for its cavalry . In English and French,

375-831: The American Louis Bruhnke and the Russian-French Vladimir Fissenko for a horseback ride from the Beagle Channel in Tierra del Fuego up to the shores of the Arctic Ocean in Deadhorse, Alaska. After traveling for five and a half years, the ride was accomplished in the summer of 1993. Having made the entire journey, the Criollo Sufridor is likely the horse that has traveled the farthest in a single direction. The ride

400-513: The Americas, or to animals or slaves born in the Americas. In time, the meaning of the word would simply come to refer to native breeds of the Americas. The Criollo is a hardy horse with a brawny and strong body with broad chest and well-sprung ribs. They have sloping strong shoulders with muscular necks, short and strong legs with good bone structure and resistant joints, low-set hocks, and sound hard feet. The medium to large size long-muzzled head has

425-654: The Atigrado division must be at least of 50% Paso blood. Outcrosses are allowed in the first generation to obtain the LP for the Registered Atigrado Spanish Jennet and must result in a minimum of 50% purebred Paso Fino or Peruvian Paso horse. Only one outcross is allowed (to obtain Lp or Appaloosa pattern). All 50% crosses will provide video proof of gait before registration of their offspring. The Spanish Jennet Horse

450-605: The crioulo as a better stock horse. Nevertheless, the breed maintains its own identity in a taller, leggier and squarer body conformation with a more angular hock that gives it the long stride it requires to cover the great distances in the flat Argentine plains known as "Pampas". The modern crioulo head has a straight facial profile and a shorter muzzle with longer ears than is typical in the Chilean Horse breed. The breeders implemented rigorous endurance tests to help evaluate horses for breeding. In these events known as La Marcha ,

475-407: The horses are ridden over a 750 km (466 mi) course to be completed in 75 hours split into 14 days. No supplemental feed is allowed. The horses are required to carry heavy loads of 245 lb (110 kg) on their backs and may only eat the grass at the side of the road. At the end of the day, a veterinarian checks the horses. Today, the horse is used mainly as a working cow horse , but it

500-481: The latter the taller African type with a coarse, convex head; fallen croup; and thinner mane and tail. It was not until 1934 that Dr. Solanet was able to firmly take control of the breeders association. He set a new goal for the breed with a shorter, more compact stock horse which emulated the Chilean Horse breed that he admired so much. In 1938, 70% of the registered crioulos were culled because they did not possess

525-554: The original jennet. In the treatise Il Cavallarizzo written by Claudio Corte in 1562, three years after the end of the Great Italian Wars , the author describes at length the qualities of the ginecti (jennets) as horses useful for war. According to Corte, the jennets were one of the most commonly used horses by the Spanish light cavalry. Spanish heavy cavalry used a different breed which Corte refers to as "Villanos". However, there

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550-434: The phenotype desired by Dr. Solanet and his followers. The new breed standard, about which he had written in 1928, was finally made available to the public once he was assured that the breeders were more united in their breed objectives. It would not be until 1957 that the registry was closed for Argentine native breeds, but the registry has remained open for the Chilean Horse breed that has been so influential in giving shape to

575-492: The wild, the criollo developed into an extremely hardy horse capable of surviving the extreme heat and cold, subsisting with little water, and living off the dry grasses of the area. Settlers later came and started capturing horses for riding and use as pack animals . The Native Americans had already been doing that many years before. Throughout the 19th century, a large proportion of the horses were crossed with imported European Thoroughbred , coach, and draft horse stallions, and

600-529: The word came to refer to the horse rather than the style of riding. In Spanish, that meaning has developed in modern times. The American Heritage Dictionary' s etymology is similar, citing the Middle English genet , from Old French; from the Catalan ginet , of Arabic and, ultimately, of Berber origin. The modern Spanish Jennet Horse , Paso Fino and Peruvian Paso breeds probably most closely resemble

625-481: Was a small Spanish horse . It was noted for a smooth naturally ambling gait , compact and well-muscled build, and a good disposition. The jennet was an ideal light riding horse, and as such spread across Europe and provided some of the foundation bloodstock for several horse breeds in the Americas . According to the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica , "jennet" referred to a small Spanish horse. The 2000 edition of

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