77-598: Southover Grange in Lewes , Sussex is a house of historical significance and is Grade II* listed on the English Heritage Register. It was built in 1572 by William Newton and owned by this family for the next three hundred years. After this it was the residence of many notable people until it was bought by the local Council in about 1945. Today it is owned by the East Sussex County Council . It now houses
154-660: A 16th-century timber-framed Wealden hall house known as Anne of Cleves House . Other notable features of the area include the Glyndebourne festival, the Lewes Bonfire celebrations and the Lewes Pound . The place-name "Lewes" is first attested in an Anglo-Saxon charter circa 961 AD, where it appears as Læwe . It appears as Lewes in the Domesday Book of 1086. The addition of the <-s> suffix seems to have been part of
231-512: A broader trend of Anglo-Norman scribes pluralising Anglo-Saxon place-names (a famous example being their rendering of Lunden as Londres , hence the modern French name for London ). The traditional derivation of Læwe , first posited by the Tudor antiquarian Laurence Nowell , derives it from the Old English word hlæw , meaning "hill" or " barrow ", presumably referring to School Hill (on which
308-569: A gap in the South Downs , cut through by the River Ouse , and near its confluence with the Winterbourne Stream. It is approximately seven miles north of Newhaven , and an equal distance north-east of Brighton . The South Downs rise above the river on both banks. The High Street, and earliest settlement, occupies the west bank, climbing steeply up from the bridge taking its ancient route along
385-693: A major port. During the Crimean War , some 300 Finns who had served in the Russian army during the Åland War and been captured at Bomarsund were imprisoned in the naval prison at Lewes. Lewes became a borough in 1881. Lewes Town Hall opened in 1893 in premises converted from the former Star Inn and in 1913 Council Offices were added in Arts-and-Crafts style. Lewes Victoria Hospital opened in 1909 in its current premises, as Victoria Hospital and Infirmary, having previously been on School Hill where it opened as
462-469: A pitched battle on the hills above the town (roughly in the area of modern Landport Bottom). The king's son Prince Edward , commanding the right wing of the royal army, succeeded in driving off some of the baronial forces, but he got carried away with the pursuit, which took him as far as Offham . In Edward's absence the remainder of the royal army was attacked by de Montfort and Gilbert de Clare and decisively defeated. The king's brother Richard of Cornwall
539-456: Is a site of biological interest, an isolated area of the South Downs. Lewes Brooks, also of biological importance, is part of the floodplain of the River Ouse , providing a habitat for many invertebrates such as water beetles and snails. Southerham Works Pit is of geological interest, a disused chalk pit displaying a wide variety of fossilised fish remains. The Railway Land nature reserve
616-580: Is adequate rainfall year-round. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is " Cfb " (Marine West Coast Climate/ Oceanic climate ). The Roman Catholic church is dedicated to St. Pancras in memory of the Priory and is a red-brick building over the street from St Anne's. In 2001 the service industries were by far the biggest employers in Lewes: over 60% of the population working in that sector. A little over 10% are employed in manufacturing, mostly in
693-493: Is due in 2027. Since 2010, the town has been included within the South Downs National Park . The National Park Authority has therefore taken over some functions from the local councils, notably relating to town planning . There are also a number of local political groups without council representation. The far-left group Lewes Maoist Action has operated in the town since 2013, frequently handing out leaflets at
770-644: Is equal to £1. Like the similar local currency in Totnes , the initiative is part of the Transition Towns movement. The Lewes Pound and the Transition Towns movement have received criticism for a failure to address the needs of the wider Lewes population, especially lower socio-economic groups. Such local currency initiatives have been more widely criticised in light of limited success stimulating new spending in local economies and as an unrealistic strategy to reduce carbon emissions. The Lewes Pound can be exchanged for
847-651: Is no shortage in the Lewes area). This unusual word was borrowed into Old English from Old Welsh , the Modern Welsh spelling being llechwedd . The immense strategic value of the site, which is able to command traffic between the Channel coast and the Sussex interior, was recognised as early as the Iron Age , when a hill-fort was built on Mount Caburn , the steep-sided hill that overlooks
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#1732858790959924-608: Is on the east side of the town next to the Ouse, and contains an area of woodland and marshes, which now includes the Heart of Reeds, a sculpted reed bed designed by local land artist Chris Drury . The Winterbourne stream, a tributary of the Ouse, flows through it. This stream flows most winters and dries up in the summer, hence its name. It continues through Lewes going through the Grange Gardens and often travelling underground. The Heart of Reeds
1001-530: Is one of the sites in East Sussex and Kent home to the marsh frog , an introduced species. It is popular with pond-dippers and walkers. A centre for the study of environmental change is due to be built at the entrance to the nature reserve. On 21 August 1864, Lewes experienced an earthquake measuring 3.1 on the Richter magnitude scale . Climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there
1078-525: Is the county town of East Sussex , England. The town is the administrative centre of the wider district of the same name . It lies on the River Ouse at the point where the river cuts through the South Downs . A traditional market town and centre of communications, in 1264 it was the site of the Battle of Lewes . The town's landmarks include Lewes Castle , Lewes Priory , Bull House (the former home of Thomas Paine ), Southover Grange and public gardens, and
1155-763: The Kingdom of Wessex , and in 838 Ecgberht, King of Wessex donated the estate of Malling, on the opposite side of the Ouse from Lewes, to the Archbishop of Canterbury . As a result, the Parish of Malling became a ' peculiar ', which means that the parish was directly subject to the Archbishop of Canterbury rather than the Bishop of Chichester like every other parish in Sussex. Malling would retain this anomalous status until as late as 1845. Information about Lewes becomes much more plentiful from
1232-569: The Rape of Lewes passed to his sororal nephew Richard Fitzalan, 4th Earl of Arundel . Fitzalan preferred to reside at Arundel Castle rather than at Lewes, and the town therefore lost the prestige and economic advantages associated with being the seat of an important magnate. This was only the beginning of a series of misfortunes that struck Lewes, for in 1348 the Black Death arrived in England and later on in
1309-600: The Swing Riots during the 1830s. He also wrote many letters to the newspapers expressing his political views. Elizabeth died in 1859 and William died the following year. In 1864 the house was advertised for sale and the sale notice is shown. The property was bought in 1865 by Captain Charles Wyndham. Captain Charles Wyndham (1827–1908) was born in London in 1827. His father was Colonel Charles Wyndham of Rogate Lodge. He entered
1386-509: The last earl , namely John Mowbray, 3rd Duke of Norfolk , Edward Neville, 3rd Baron Bergavenny , and Edmund Lenthall. As a result of this dismemberment the district became even more neglected by its lords, although feudal politics was starting to become less important anyway due to the centralising reforms of the Yorkist and Tudor kings. The English Reformation was begun by one of these Tudor monarchs, Henry VIII , and as part of this process
1463-514: The monasteries of England were dissolved ; Lewes Priory was consequently demolished in 1538 and its property seized by the Crown. Henry's daughter Mary I reversed the religious policy of England, and during the resulting Marian Persecutions of 1555–1557, Lewes was the site of the execution of seventeen Protestant martyrs , most of them actually from the Weald rather than Lewes itself, who were burned at
1540-460: The twin town of Blois attend, vending on Cliffe Bridge. From 1794 beers, wines and spirits were distributed from Lewes under the Harveys name, and the town is today the site of Harvey & Son 's brewery celebrated as one of the finest ale producers in England. In September 2008, Lewes launched its own currency, the Lewes Pound , in an effort to increase trade within the town. One Lewes Pound
1617-531: The Grange. Over the next seven years the couple had five children. Unfortunately Thorold died in 1915 in the war. He was killed in action while leading a charge on the Western Front. His wife Eva and the five children remained at Southover Grange with Emily. A picture of them at the house is shown. Emily sold the property in about 1920 and John Ernest Howarth Lomas bought the house. John Ernest Howarth Lomas (1868–1939)
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#17328587909591694-515: The Lewes Dispensary and Infirmary in 1855. In October 2000, the town suffered major flooding during an intense period of severe weather throughout the United Kingdom. The commercial centre of the town and many residential areas were devastated. In a government report into the nationwide flooding, Lewes was officially noted the most severely affected location. As a result of the devastation,
1771-539: The Lewes Flood Action group formed, to press for better flood protection measures. There are three tiers of local government covering Lewes, at parish (town), district and county level: Lewes Town Council, Lewes District Council and East Sussex County Council . The town council is based at Lewes Town Hall on the High Street. The county council has its headquarters at County Hall on St Anne's Crescent in
1848-524: The Lewes Register Office which provides Marriage Ceremony Packages, civil partnerships and citizenship ceremonies. The gardens host events from local theatre to beer an gin festivals. William Newton (1512–1590) built Southover Grange in 1572. He was born in 1512 in Cheshire and was the second son of Humphrey Newton of Fulshaw and grandson of the notable Humphrey Newton (1466–1536) of Pownall His mother
1925-492: The Manor of Eryles. The couple had one son Nicholas Newton who was born in about 1552. In 1560 William bought a property called “East Mascalls” near Lindfield which he later gave to his son Nicholas. His wife Jane died in about 1560 and several years later William married Alice Pelham and they had one son born in 1564 and two daughters. In 1572 William built Southover Grange with stones from Lewes Priory having obtained permission by
2002-449: The Ouse (and the modern town of Lewes) from the east. During the Roman period, there was an aristocratic villa at Beddingham , at the foot of Mount Caburn, and there have been several finds of Roman coins and pottery sherds in Lewes itself. The Victorian historian Thomas Walker Horsfield therefore reckoned that there must have been a Roman settlement on the site, and he identified it with
2079-615: The Ouse valley from the coast to the Surrey boundary. De Warenne constructed Lewes Castle within the walls of the Saxon burh , while his wife Gundreda founded the Priory of St Pancras , a Cluniac monastic house, in about 1081. During the Second Barons' War , King Henry III was ambushed at Lewes by a force of rebel barons led by Simon de Montfort . Henry marched out to fight de Montfort, leading to
2156-710: The Phoenix Bridge and through the Cuilfail Tunnel to join the A27. The town boundaries were enlarged twice (from the original town walls), in 1881 and 1934. They now include the more modern housing estates of Wallands, South Malling (the west part of which is a previously separate village with a church dedicated to St Michael), Nevill, Lansdown and Cranedown on the Kingston Road. Countryside walks can be taken starting from several points in Lewes. One can walk on Mount Caburn to
2233-484: The Prince of Wales (later King George IV ). William was a personal friend of the Prince of Wales who often visited him at Southover Grange. In his Will he mentions that he was given a gold watch by the Prince as a pledge of his friendship. In 1788 at the age of 44 he married Anne Elizabeth Knatchbull (1757–1837) who was the daughter of Sir Edward Knatchbull, 7th Baronet . Her nephew Sir Edward Knatchbull, 9th Baronet married
2310-453: The age of 54 in the 1871 Census for Reigate he was shown to be living in a de facto relationship with 37 year old Martha Maria Hayter who was his wife’s niece. In the same year he bought Southover Grange and made significant alterations and additions. He rebuilt the southeast portion, installed the present main staircase, extended the east wing and added a new outer hall. It may have been for his new partner that he made these improvements. However
2387-608: The century the Hundred Years War led to a series of French and Castilian raids on Sussex, which badly disrupted trade. On one occasion in 1377 the Prior of St Pancras , John de Charlieu, was abducted by the raiders and held to ransom. Furthermore, after the main branch of the Fitzalan family died out in 1439, the Rape of Lewes was subsequently partitioned between the three sororal nephews of
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2464-900: The daughter of Aubrey Hillman of Saxonbury House in Southover. For 42 years he farmed Place Farm in Firie and then retired to live in Lewes. He was an active member of the National Farmers Union and later became a Councillor of the Lewes Town Council. He owned a fairly large amount of property and became wealthy. In about 1944 he sold Southover Grange to Lewes Council and it is now owned by East Sussex County Council. [REDACTED] Media related to Southover Grange, Lewes at Wikimedia Commons 50°52′15″N 0°00′26″E / 50.8707°N 0.0071°E / 50.8707; 0.0071 Lewes Lewes ( / ˈ l uː ɪ s / )
2541-663: The first in the UK, was started in the 1990s by Common Cause Co-operative Ltd and is a popular re-invention of Lewes as a market town. The Farmers' Market takes place in pedestrianised Cliffe High Street on the first and third Saturdays of every month, with local food producers coming to sell their wares under covered market stalls. A weekly food market in the Lewes Market Tower was established in July 2010 by Transition Town Lewes to allow traders to sell local produce. Occasionally French traders from
2618-460: The governance section, the town is also where three tiers of local government have their headquarters, and the head office of Sussex Police is also in Lewes. The town's most important annual event is the Lewes Bonfire celebrations on 5 November, Guy Fawkes Night . In Lewes this event not only marks the date of the uncovering of the Gunpowder Plot in 1605, but also commemorates the memory of
2695-460: The historic centre of Lewes stands) or to one of the five ancient burial mounds, all now levelled, in the vicinity of St John sub Castro . However, this etymology has been challenged by the Swedish philologist Rune Forsberg on the grounds that the loss of the initial ⟨h⟩ in hlæw would be unlikely phonologically in this context. He suggested that the name Læwe instead derives from
2772-458: The military forces and served in 9th Bengal Cavalry for some time. He married twice – his first wife died in 1858 and then in 1863 he married Charlotte Anketell Jones (1834–1923). Shortly after their marriage they moved to Southover Grange where their three children were born. He sold the house in 1871 to William Laird Macgregor. William Laird Macgregor (1816–1891) was born William Laird but he told an American woman Ellen McGowan Biddle that he added
2849-609: The name Macgregor when he inherited his mother’s estates. His father was a wealthy shipbuilder who was responsible for what later became the Cammell Laird and Co shipyard. William was a partner with his brothers Macgregor Laird (1808–1861) and Hamilton Laird in a firm called the African Steamship Company. In 1844 he married Louisa Helen Lister and the couple had four children and lived in Liverpool for many years. However at
2926-403: The niece of Jane Austen , Fanny Catherine Knight. William continued his military career after their marriage. From 1786 until 1793 he was the commander of the 10th Light Dragoons. He died in 1808 and Anne remained at Southover Grange until her death in 1837. They had no children so when she died William’s niece Elizabeth Mabbott inherited the property. Elizabeth Mabbott (1769–1859) (née Newton)
3003-508: The otherwise unlocatable town of Mutuantonis . Another antiquarian, John Elliot, even suggested that central Lewes's distinctive network of twittens was based on the layout of a Roman legionary fortress ; however modern historians are rather more cautious about the possibility of a Roman Lewes, as there is as yet no archaeological evidence for a built-up area dating back to the Roman period. The earliest phase of Anglo-Saxon settlement in Sussex
3080-501: The owner Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset who employed him as his steward. William died in 1590 and his wife Alice died in 1600. He left Southover Grange to his second son William Newton (1564–1648). William Newton (1564–1648) was a lawyer. He was married twice. His first wife was Jane Apsley daughter of John Apsley of Thakeham . As part of a marriage settlement he gained the manor of Storrington. They had six children, two sons and daughters. Jane died in 1627 and William married Jane,
3157-461: The principal market towns of Sussex, as well as an important port, and by the end of the Georgian era it also had well-developed textiles, iron, brewing, and shipbuilding industries. The severe winter of 1836–7 led to a large build-up of snow on Cliffe Hill, whose sheer western face directly overlooks the town. On Tuesday 27 December 1836 this snow cornice collapsed, and the resulting Lewes avalanche
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3234-444: The property. He was born in 1598 in Lewes and in 1637 he married Dorothy, daughter of Sir John Rivers 1st Baronet. He died in 1658 and his second son Apsley Newton (1639–1718) became the owner of Southover Grange. It then passed to his grandson William Newton (1691–1775) because his son had predeceased him. When he died in 1775 Southover Grange was inherited by his great nephew Colonel William Newton. Colonel William Newton (1744–1808)
3311-521: The rare Old English word lǣw ("wound, incision"), and reflects the fact that from the top of School Hill Lewes overlooks the narrow, steep-sided "gash" where the River Ouse cuts through the line of the South Downs. This theory was endorsed in 2011 by A Dictionary of British Place Names . A third possibility has been advanced by Richard Coates , who has argued that Læwe derives from lexowia , an Old English word meaning "hillside, slope" (of which there
3388-516: The reign of Alfred the Great onward, as it was one of the towns which he fortified as part of the network of burhs he established in response to the Viking raids . The peace and stability brought by Alfred and his successors evidently stimulated economic activity in the area, for in the late Anglo-Saxon period Lewes seems to have been a thriving boom town – during the reign of Alfred's grandson Æthelstan it
3465-545: The relationship appears not to have lasted as by 1874 he left the country and did not return. The house was advertised for sale in 1878. He acquired several villas in Arcachon in France and lived there until his death in 1891. Martha may have rejoined him later as her probate records show that she died in Arcachon in 1893. The records state that she was a spinster but she was known by the names of both Hayter and Macgregor. The house
3542-476: The ridge; the summit on that side, 2.5 miles (4.0 km) distant is known as Mount Harry. On the east bank there is a large chalk cliff , Cliffe Hill that can be seen for many miles, part of the group of hills including Mount Caburn , Malling Down (where there are a few houses in a wooded area on the hillside, in a development known as Cuilfail) and Golf Hill (home to the Lewes Golf Club). The two banks of
3619-576: The river and contains a number of light industrial and creative industry uses, as well as car parks and a fire station. A potential regeneration project (formerly "The North Street Quarter", renamed "The Phoenix Project" by the Lewes-based eco-development company Human Nature which took on ownership of the land in December 2020) for the area would be the largest in Lewes since the South Malling residential area
3696-496: The river are joined by Willey's Bridge (a footbridge), the Phoenix Causeway (a recent concrete road bridge, named after the old Phoenix Ironworks) and Cliffe Bridge (an 18th-century replacement of the mediaeval crossing, widened in the 1930s and now semi-pedestrianised). The High Street runs from Eastgate to West-Out, forming the spine of the ancient town. Cliffe Hill gives its name to the one-time village of Cliffe, now part of
3773-529: The seat for 18 years until defeated in 2015 by Conservative Maria Caulfield , who retained her seat in the 2017 and 2019 general elections. As of July 2024, Liberal Democrat James MacCleary is the MP. You can see Lewes lying like a box of toys under a great amphitheatre of chalk hills ... on the whole it is set down better than any town I have seen in England. Lewes is situated on the Greenwich or Prime Meridian , in
3850-741: The seventeen Lewes Martyrs , Protestants burnt at the stake for their faith during the Marian Persecutions . The celebrations, which controversially involve burning an effigy of Pope Paul V , who was pope during the Gunpowder Plot, are the largest and most famous Bonfire Night celebrations in the country. The Lewes Chamber of Commerce represents the traders and businesses of the town. The town has been identified as unusually diversified with numerous specialist, independent retailers, counter to national trends toward 'chain' retailers and large corporate retail outlets. Lewes Farmers' Market, one of
3927-478: The smaller industrial units. The town is a net daytime exporter of employees with a significant community working in London and Brighton whilst it draws in employees of the numerous local government and public service functions on which its local economy is strongly dependent. An important part of the town's economy is based on tourism, because of the town's many historic attractions and its location. As referenced in
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#17328587909594004-556: The stake in front of the Star Inn (now the site of Lewes Town Hall ). Commemoration of the martyrs is one of the main purposes of Lewes Bonfire , and a stone memorial to the martyrs was unveiled on Cliffe Hill in 1901. Lewesian politics was dominated by a strongly Puritan faction in the reign of Charles I , and during the English Civil War it was one of the most important Parliamentarian strongholds in Sussex. As such it became
4081-400: The target of a royalist attack in December 1642, but the royalist army was intercepted and defeated at the Battle of Muster Green by Parliamentarian forces commanded by Herbert Morley , one of the two Members of Parliament (MPs) for Lewes. Lewes recovered relatively quickly after the Civil War, and prospered during the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. It had always been one of
4158-414: The town hall, including a new frontage to High Street, which was completed in 1893. The municipal borough of Lewes was abolished in 1974 when the larger Lewes District was established. A successor parish was created covering the area of the former borough, with the parish council taking the name Lewes Town Council. Following the 2023 election the composition of the town council was: The next election
4235-471: The town was made a municipal borough . The town was then run by a corporate body formally called the "mayor, aldermen and burgesses of the borough of Lewes", informally known as the corporation or town council. The last constable became the first mayor. In 1890, the town council acquired the former Star Inn at 189 High Street, parts of which date back to the fourteenth century, and the adjoining corn exchange. The buildings were converted and extended to become
4312-419: The town's administration were recognised in 1806 when separate improvement commissioners were established to pave, light and repair the streets and provide a watch . When local government in towns was reformed across the country in the 1830s, Lewes was one of the boroughs left unreformed , and so it continued to be run by its jury and improvement commissioners. The situation was finally regularised in 1881 when
4389-428: The town, which is also used by Lewes District Council as its meeting place. Lewes was an ancient borough , although the structure of its early government is obscure. For much of the Middle Ages the town was run by a closed aristocratic organisation known as the "Fellowship of the Twelve", which was gradually eclipsed by a body known as the jury in the seventeenth century, presided over by a constable. The limitations of
4466-400: The town. A new route reaching the town at the Railway Land – the Egrets Way – initially conceived in 2011 by the Ouse Valley Cycle Network, has been designed as a network of walking and cycling paths linking Lewes and Newhaven with the villages in between. Three Sites of Special Scientific Interest lie within the parish: Lewes Downs , Lewes Brooks and Southerham Works Pit . Lewes Downs
4543-412: The town. The southern part of the town, Southover, came into being as a village adjacent to the Priory, south of the Winterbourne Stream. At the north of the town's original wall boundary is the St John's or Pells area, home to several 19th-century streets and the Pells Pond. The Pells Pool , built in 1860, is the oldest freshwater lido in England. The Phoenix Industrial Estate lies along the west bank of
4620-429: The train station and running a cake stall at weekends outside Lewes Castle . In 2020, the group claims to have infiltrated the council and Harvey's brewery, although they have never contested a local or parliamentary election. Lewes gives its name to the Lewes parliamentary constituency . The constituency was held by the Conservatives from the 1870s until 1997, when it was won by Liberal Democrat Norman Baker . He held
4697-420: The village of Glynde starting in Cliffe, traverse the Lewes Brooks (an RSPB reserve) from Southover, walk to Kingston near Lewes also from Southover, head up Landport Bottom to Mount Harry and Black Cap along the edge of the old Lewes Racecourse, or wander up along the Ouse to Hamsey Place from the Pells. The South Downs Way crosses the Ouse just south of Lewes at Southease and hikers often stop off at
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#17328587909594774-511: The widow of John Stansfield who was the grandfather of the famous diarist John Evelyn . The newly married Jane Newton was very fond of her grandson John Evelyn and offered to care for him so that he could go to the free-school at Southover. His father wanted him to go to Eton but John accepted his grandmother’s offer and spent most of his childhood at Southover Grange. William Newton died in 1648 and his second wife Jane died in 1650. William’s son by his first wife William Newton (1598–1658) inherited
4851-422: Was Ethelred Starkey an heiress of her father Lawrence Starkey and brought into the family extensive properties in York , Lancaster , Chester and Stafford . In 1544 William and his younger brother Lawrence moved to Lewes . He lived at Lewes Priory in Southover which he leased from the then owner Anne of Cleves . In about 1550 he married Jane Ernley who was the daughter and heiress of William Ernley, owner of
4928-403: Was a notable advocate for the employment of women in medicine. She was one of the women called the “Edinburgh Seven” who tried unsuccessfully to gain medical qualifications at the University of Edinburgh . The campaign they fought gained national attention and won them many supporters, including Charles Darwin. She then helped to establish a School of Medicine for Women at London University which
5005-417: Was a success. In her obituary in the Times in 1910 she was hailed for her efforts in promoting the causes of women even before the suffragette movement. Joseph Thorne died in 1885 and Isabel continued to live at Southover Grange until 1901 when she sold the house to John Gordon Gordon Woodhouse. John Gordon Gordon Woodhouse (1871–1951) was the husband of Violet Gordon-Woodhouse , the harpsichord player. John
5082-414: Was assigned two royal moneyers , more than any other mint in Sussex, and according to Domesday Book it generated £26 of revenue for the Crown in 1065, almost twice the amount of any other town in the county. After the Norman Conquest , William the Conqueror rewarded his retainer William de Warenne by making him Earl of Surrey and granting him the Rape of Lewes , a strip of land stretching along
5159-412: Was born in 1744. His father was Apsley Newton (1718–1760) and his mother was Tabitha Johnson, a widow. His father died when he was young and his mother Tabitha inherited the Manor of Poldhurst with her sister in law Mary Newton in about 1760. William entered the military forces and in 1782 was a Major and then four years later a Lieutenant Colonel in the 10th Light Dragoons (Hussars) which were selected by
5236-444: Was born in 1769 in Isfield , Sussex . She was the only child of Reverend George Newton (1729–1791) and Elizabeth Geere (1729–1811). She was an heiress from many sides of the family. Besides the Newton inheritance her cousin Thomas Holles Payne left her Ovingdean Manor when he died in 1799 and the Geere family left her Bevendean Estate in 1811 when her mother died. Elizabeth married William Courthorpe Mabbott (1774–1860) in 1808. He
5313-412: Was born in 1774 in Hampshire . His father was William Mabbott (1745–1812) of Cassington and his mother was Frances Courthorpe. At an early age he entered the 11th Hussars and in 1798 became a Lieutenant. He fought at the Battle of Waterloo . After his father died in 1812 he inherited his estates so he retired from the army and became a country squire. He was a controversial figure as he helped to suppress
5390-412: Was born in 1843 in Devon . Her father was the Reverend William Thorold. In 1871 she married Edward Stewart-Jones who was a property owner. The couple had two children – a son named Thorold and a daughter, Pauline. Edward died in 1900. When Emily bought Southover Grange in 1907 her son Thorold Arthur Stewart-Jones who was a barrister lived with her. He married Eva Joan Holland in 1908 and she also moved into
5467-452: Was born into a very wealthy family of wine merchants. His father was John Woodhouse who created the popular fortified wine marsala. John Gordon was educated at Cambridge and in 1895 married Violet. They had a house in London as well as owning Southover Grange where they often entertained large groups. They sold the house in 1907 and it was bought by Emily Stewart-Jones who was a wealthy widow. Emily Elizabeth Paulina Stewart-Jones (1843–1934)
5544-508: Was captured, and the king himself was forced to sign the Mise of Lewes , a document which does not survive but was probably aimed at forcing Henry to uphold the Provisions of Oxford . Despite this uncertainty about its consequences, the battle is often seen as an important milestone in the development of English democracy. The de Warenne family died out with Earl John in 1347, whereupon lordship of
5621-543: Was concentrated between the Rivers Ouse and Cuckmere , and Anglo-Saxon finds begin to appear in Lewes from the sixth century. The town of Lewes was probably founded around this time, and it may have been one of the most important settlements in the Kingdom of Sussex , along with Chichester and Hastings , though the evidence for this early period is very sketchy. By the ninth century, the Kingdom of Sussex had been annexed to
5698-400: Was developed in the 1950s and 1960s and in the South Downs since it became a National Park. Malling lies to the east of the river and had 18th- and 19th-century houses and two notable breweries. Road engineering and local planning policy in the 1970s cleared many older buildings here to allow the flow of traffic; the main road route east from the town now goes along Little East Street, across
5775-547: Was sold in 1878 to Joseph Thorne (1823–1885) a retired merchant who previously lived in Shanghai . He was born in 1823 in London . In 1856 he married Isabel Jane Pryer (1834–1910). He became a partner in the firm Thorne Bros and Co who were tea and silk merchants in Shanghai . He lived here for many years and then returned to England shortly before he bought Southover Grange. He was the Mayor of Lewes in 1884. His wife Isabel Jane Thorne
5852-452: Was the Director of many South African finance, mining and other companies. In 1894 he married Sara Frances Wills and the couple had two children Florence Mary Lomas, born in 1894; and John Ernest Wills Lomas born in 1896. This family lived at Southover Grange until about 1938 when it was sold to Harrie Stacey. Harrie Stacey (1866–1947) was born in 1866 in Surrey. In 1889 he married Olive Hillman
5929-522: Was the deadliest ever recorded in Britain. The avalanche struck the cottages on Boulters Row (now part of South Street), burying fifteen people, of whom eight died. A pub in South Street is named The Snowdrop in memory of the event. In 1846, the town became a railway junction, with lines constructed from the north, south and east to two railway stations. The development of Newhaven ended Lewes's period as
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