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68-660: South Humber Bank Power Station is a 1,365 MW gas-fired power station on South Marsh Road at Stallingborough in North East Lincolnshire north of Healing and the A180 near the South Marsh Road Industrial Estate. It is around two miles east of Immingham , and employs 64 people. The site of SHBPS is around 500 metres by 400 metres in area (around 54 acres). It is next door to the Synthomer plant. It

136-630: A grid services market. "Dynamic Containment" started in October 2020, initially priced at £17 per MW per hour, and Dynamic Regulation (DR) started in April 2022. Consumers of electricity are split into two categories: half-hourly metered (HH) and non-half-hourly metered (NHH). Customers whose peak demand is sufficiently high are obliged to have a HH meter, which, in effect, takes a meter reading every 30 minutes. The rates at which charges are levied on these customers' electricity suppliers therefore varies 17,520 times

204-460: A stretch target to be carbon neutral or negative by 2033, well ahead of the UK's national target to achieve this by 2050. It also aims to have the capability to be 'zero carbon' as early as 2025, meaning that if energy suppliers are able to produce sufficient green power, the grid could theoretically run without any greenhouse gas emissions at all (i.e. no carbon capture or offsetting would be needed as

272-485: A "national gridiron " supply system be created. The 1926 Act created the Central Electricity Board , which set up the UK's first synchronised, nationwide AC grid, running at 132 kV, 50 Hz. The grid was created with 6,400 kilometres (4,000 miles) of cables – mostly overhead – linking the 122 most efficient power stations. The first "grid tower" was erected near Edinburgh on 14 July 1928, and work

340-481: A (non-leap) year. The TNUoS charges for a HH metered customer are based on their demand during three half-hour periods of greatest demand between November and February, known as the Triad. Due to the nature of electricity demand in the UK, the three Triad periods always fall in the early evening, and must be separated by at least ten clear working days. The TNUoS charges for a HH customer are simply their average demand during

408-458: A field, with its nose and wing ripped off by a tree. The Cessna broke up in the air following the collision. From the 1970s a large industrial estate was developed in the north of the parish (North Moss Lane Industrial Estate, Kiln Lane Trading Estate), south-west of the Battery Works. In the 1990s " Dash for gas " the 1.26 GW South Humber Bank Power Station was constructed adjacent to

476-410: A maximum rate of 75 MW during the year would still be charged for the full 100 MW of TEC. In some cases, there are negative TNUoS tariffs. These generators are paid an amount based on their peak net supply over three proving runs over the course of the year. This represents the reduction in costs caused by having a generator close to the centre of demand of the country. National Grid uses

544-652: A new non-lattice design of electricity pylon, the T-pylon, was built near East Huntspill , Somerset for the new 35 mile Hinkley Point C to Avonmouth connection. In 2023, the National Grid began removing equipment from China's NARI Technology over national security concerns. The contiguous synchronous grid covers England (including the Isle of Wight ), Scotland (including some of the Scottish islands such as Orkney , Skye and

612-494: A public house, village hall, a Church of England primary school and an alternative medical Centre called Orchard Barn, the church of St Peter and St Paul, a retirement home, a home for vulnerable people, and a home for people with mental health problems. Stallingborough is served by Stallingborough railway station (Barton Line) and connected to the road network by the A1173 and B1210. National Grid (UK) The National Grid

680-529: A searchlight. There was also an anti aircraft battery at Little London, with positions for four guns. Post war a location near the Little London site was used as a Royal Observer Corps monitoring post . In 1953 National Titanium Pigments Ltd (or Laporte Titanium Ltd) established a titanium dioxide manufacturing plant on the site of the former gun battery. The plant became known as the Battery works . Through

748-400: A series of company reorganisations and takeovers, the works were organised under a single company, Synthomer , by 2002. The village of Stallingborough underwent some minor housing development in the second half of the 20th century. By the end of the 1970s small cul-de-sac developments had been built south of the railway line off Station Road, with further small developments towards the end of

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816-413: A sufficient margin for future expansion. The decision in favour of a 400 kV system was made for two main reasons. Firstly the majority of the 275 kV lines could be uprated to 400 kV, and secondly it was envisaged that operation at 400 kV could begin in 1965 compared with 1968 for a 500 kV scheme. Design work was started and in order to meet the programme for 1965 it was necessary for

884-479: A transformer at 400 kV connected to a single pylon line. The engines can generate electricity for base load or for peak load operations. Performance of the power plant is dependent on local air temperature and humidity. It has a nominal thermal efficiency of 55%, but usually produces 51%. In 2009 it produced 8,512 GWh of electricity. Stallingborough Stallingborough is a village and civil parish in North East Lincolnshire , England. The population of

952-596: Is a wide area synchronous grid operating at a nominal 50 hertz. Most of the physical HV parts of the grid consists of 400 kV lines as well as some 275 kV lines that collectively form a supergrid . It has several undersea interconnectors : an AC connector to the Isle of Man , and DC connectors to Northern Ireland, the Shetland Islands , the Republic of Ireland, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Norway, and Denmark. Since

1020-554: Is adjacent to Synthomer's plant. An industrial freight railway line to Immingham Docks (the former Grimsby and Immingham Electric Railway ), the A180 road , the Barton Line (the former Great Grimsby and Sheffield Junction Railway , opened 1845), and the B1210 road run through the parish parallel to the coast (in order from north to south). At the 2011 census the parish population was 1,234. Stallingborough village amenities include

1088-422: Is charged separately). The grid also charges an annual fee to cover the cost of generators, distribution networks and large industrial users connecting. Triad charges encourage users to cut load at peak periods; this is often achieved by using diesel generators. Such generators are also routinely used by National Grid. If the total TNUoS or Triad receipts (say £15,000/MW·year × 50,000 MW = £750 million/year)

1156-448: Is completed, the site's storage capacity will be 266 MWh. National Grid is responsible for contracting short term generating provision to cover demand prediction errors and sudden failures at power stations. This covers a few hours of operation giving time for market contracts to be established to cover longer term balancing. The grid frequency is normally maintained within 49.8 and 50.2 Hz. Frequency-response reserves act to keep

1224-668: Is divided by the total number of units delivered by the UK generating system in a year (the total number of units sold – say 360 terawatt-hours (1.3 EJ). ), then a crude estimate can be made of transmission costs, and one gets the figure of around 0.2p/kW⋅h. Other estimates also give a figure of 0.2p/kW⋅h. However, Bernard Quigg notes: "According to the 06/07 annual accounts for NGC UK transmission, NGC carried 350TW⋅h for an income of £2012m in 2007, i. e. NGC receives 0.66p per kW hour. With two years inflation to 2008/9, say 0.71p per kW⋅h.", but this also includes generators' connection fees. In order to be allowed to supply electricity to

1292-630: Is owned by EP UK Investments Ltd, which is daughter company of EP Power Europe, which is 100% owned by Czech energy group EPH (owned by Daniel Křetínský ). EPH bought South Humber Bank power station from Centrica in June 2017. The site was chosen by Dalton Warner Davis, the Chartered Surveyors . Construction started in September 1994. Phase 1 was completed in April 1997 with 750 MW of power, and entered commercial service in September 1997. Phase 2

1360-517: Is sometimes described as being a 'secret' location. As of 2015 the system is under consistent cyber attack . Although the transmission network in Scotland is owned by separate companies – SP Transmission plc (part of ScottishPower ) in the south, and Scottish Hydro Electric Transmission plc (part of Scottish and Southern Electricity Networks ) in the north – overall control rests with National Grid Electricity System Operator. The costs of operating

1428-538: Is the case with 'net zero'). In 2020 about 40% of the grid's energy came from burning natural gas, and it is not expected that anywhere close to sufficient green power will be available to run the grid on zero carbon in 2025, except perhaps on the very windiest days. Analysts such as Hartree Solutions considered in 2020 that getting to 'net zero' by 2050 would be challenging, even more so to reach 'net zero' by 2033. There has, however, been sustained progress towards carbon neutrality , with carbon intensity falling by 53% in

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1496-520: The Western Isles which have limited connectivity ), Wales , and the Isle of Man . The following figures are taken from the 2005 Seven Year Statement. Total generating capacity is supplied roughly equally by renewable , gas fired, nuclear , coal fired power stations . Annual energy transmitted in the UK grid is around 300–360 TWh (1.1–1.3 EJ), with an average load factor of 72% (i.e. 3.6×10 /(8,760 × 57×10 ). The National Grid has

1564-491: The 18th century church. The rights to hold a market and annual fair were granted by Henry III (13th century). Before the Black Death of the mid 14th century, the village had 50–60 households. This substantially decreased after the plague, but recovered to around 150 households by the mid 16th century. The medieval village is evidenced by earthworks, as well as cropmarks of fishponds , remains of ridge and furrow farming to

1632-514: The 275 kV systems was examined as a possible solution. However, in addition to the technical problem of high fault levels, many more lines would have been required to obtain the estimated transfers at 275 kV. As this was not consistent with the Central Electricity Generating Board's policy of preservation of amenities, a better solution was sought. Consideration was given to 400 kV and 500 kV schemes: both gave

1700-512: The National Grid System are recouped by National Grid Electricity System Operator (NGESO) through levying of Transmission Network Use of System (TNUoS) charges on the users of the system. The costs are split between the generators and the users of electricity. Tariffs are set annually by NGESO, and the country is divided into zones, each with a different tariff for generation and consumption. In general, tariffs are higher for generators in

1768-401: The National Grid are low, there are significant further losses in onward electricity distribution to the consumer, causing a total distribution loss of about 7.7%. Losses differ significantly for customers connected at different voltages; connected at high voltage the total losses are about 2.6%, at medium voltage 6.4% and at low voltage 12.2%. Generated power entering the grid is metered at

1836-647: The National Grid, the Grid Code , the Supergrid is defined as those parts of the British electricity transmission system that are connected at voltages in excess of 200 kV. The 2.2 GW undersea Western HVDC Link from Scotland to North Wales was built in 2013–2018. This was the first major non- alternating current grid link within Great Britain, although interconnectors to foreign grids already used HVDC . In 2021

1904-531: The National Grid: the users pay less if they can manage their usage so as to be less peaky. For each year's calculation, historic system demand metrics are analysed to determine three half-hour periods of high average demand; the three periods are known as triads. The periods are (a) the period of peak system demand, and (b) two other periods of highest demand which are separated from peak system demand and from each other by at least ten days. For power stations,

1972-530: The Republic of Ireland (500 MW HVDC East–West Interconnector ), and Denmark (1.4 GW Viking Link ). A further 500 MW link with the Republic of Ireland ( Greenlink ) is scheduled for 2024. Further potential schemes include links with Germany ( NeuConnect , 1.4 GW); Iceland ( Icelink , around 1 GW) and Morocco (3.6 GW from new battery-backed solar generation). The UK grid has access to large pumped storage systems, notably Dinorwig Power Station which can provide 1.7 GW for 5–6 hours, and

2040-492: The Synthomer chemical plant in two phases from 1997 to 1999. In 2006 a training centre for the chemical industry, CATCH ("Centre for Assessment and Technical Competence Humber") opened at Stallingbrough industrial estate. In 2007 planning permission was given to construct 35 houses at Poaches Rise, south of Station Road south-west of the station. In 2008 planning permission was given to construct 43 houses (Saxonfields Drive) in

2108-557: The UK's electricity interconnection level (off-island transmission capacity relative to production capacity) was 6%. As of 2024 , the total capacity of these connectors is over 9 GW. They include direct-current cables to northern France (2 GW HVDC Cross-Channel , 1 GW HVDC IFA-2 , 1 GW ElecLink via the Channel Tunnel ); Belgium (1 GW HVDC Nemo Link ); the Netherlands (1 GW HVDC BritNed ); Norway (1.4 GW HDVC North Sea Link ); Northern Ireland (500 MW HVDC Moyle Interconnector );

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2176-469: The century. The B1210 to the south of the village was built c.  1960 . The A180 road was built in the 1970s, and passes through the north of parish, On 14 June 1966, a Royal Air Force Vickers Varsity trainer from RAF Lindholme collided with a Cessna 337 A aircraft at about 6,500 feet (2,000 m) close to the village, killing two people. Five people survived the accident. The Varsity, with three crew and three student navigators, landed in

2244-519: The chargeable demand is only the net site demand (per CUSC rule 14.17.10), so when the site is net exporting (i.e. total metered generation at that site exceeds total separately metered station demand), that separately metered station demand shall not be liable for demand TNUoS charges in relation to the station demand at triad. Triad dates in recent years were: This is the main source of income which National Grid uses to cover its costs for high-voltage long-distance transmission (lower voltage distribution

2312-420: The civil parish at the 2011 census was 1,234. The area around Stallingborough may have been inhabited in prehistoric times; south-east of the village there is evidence of an Iron Age complex of enclosures. Stallingborough is recorded as a manor (as "Stalinburg" or "Stalingeburg") in the 11th century Domesday Book . The medieval village of Stallingborough was to the west of the modern village and south of

2380-569: The coast. To the north-east the parish is bounded by the Humber Estuary ; south-east is the parish of Healing , with the Oldfleet drain forming most of the boundary; to the north-west is the parish of Immingham with the North Beck Drain forming the northern part of the boundary; the parishes of Keelby and Riby are to the south-west and south respectively. The area is predominantly low-lying:

2448-525: The contract engineering for the first projects to run concurrently with the design. One of these projects was the West Burton 400 kV Indoor Substation, the first section of which was commissioned in June 1965. From 1965, the grid was partly upgraded to 400 kV, beginning with a 150-mile (240 km) line from Sundon to West Burton , to become the Supergrid . In the 2010 issue of the code that governs

2516-592: The customer load from the Supergrid to avoid blacking out the entire grid. Reserve services are a group of services each acting within different response times: These reserves are sized according to three factors: The English and Welsh parts of the National Grid are controlled from the National Grid Control Centre which is located in St Catherine's Lodge, Sindlesham , Wokingham in Berkshire. It

2584-631: The first and second world wars. During the First World War Stallingborough battery had two 6 inch breech-loading Mk VII guns ; the First World War fort is evidenced by a pillbox. There was also a 3,000 feet (910 m) airfield (closed 1919) used by a flight of No. 251 Squadron RAF which carried out marine patrols with Airco DH.6 planes. During the Second World War the site was again used, with 4.7 inch quick-firing gun and

2652-466: The five years to 2020. The phase out of coal is progressing rapidly with only 1.6% of the UK's electricity coming from coal in 2020, compared with about 25% in 2015. 2020 saw the UK go more than two months without needing to burn any coal for electricity, the longest period since the Industrial Revolution . Figures are again from the 2005 Seven Year Statement. Although overall losses in

2720-503: The grid by adding 275 kV links. At its inception in 1950, the 275 kV Transmission System was designed to form part of a national supply system with an anticipated total demand of 30,000 MW by 1970. The predicted demand was already exceeded by 1960. This rapid growth led the Central Electricity Generating Board (created in 1958) to carry out a study in 1960 of future transmission needs. Considered in

2788-401: The high-voltage side of the generator transformer. Any power losses in the generator transformer are therefore accounted to the generating company, not to the grid system. The power loss in the generator transformer does not contribute to the grid losses. In 2009–10 there was an average power flow of about 11 GW from the north of the UK, particularly from Scotland and northern England, to

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2856-401: The land north-east of Stallingborough village is below 5 metres (16 ft) elevation; south-west of the village the land rises to 16 metres (52 ft) above sea level. A minor landmark is a former cereal mill, south of the village. Stallingborough village is the only settlement of any note in the parish, apart from industrial buildings; the small hamlet of Little London is to the west of

2924-511: The largest integrated power system in Europe. The rest of the country, however, continued to use a patchwork of small supply networks. In 1925, the British government asked Lord Weir , a Glaswegian industrialist, to solve the problem of Britain's inefficient and fragmented electricity supply industry. Weir consulted Merz, and the result was the Electricity (Supply) Act 1926 , which recommended that

2992-474: The latter part of the 20th century the plant was expanded and modernised, later becoming part of SCM Corporation (1983), Hanson plc (1986), Millennium Chemicals (1996), and Cristal (2007). In the 1960s a number of companies ( Doverstrand , Revertex , Harco ) developed chemical plants producing synthetic lattices and resins at a site south-east of the Battery Works , also on the estuary foreshore. After

3060-608: The load centres. West Burton 's 4 × 500 MW machines, in the Nottinghamshire coalfield near the River Trent , is an example. These developments shifted the emphasis on the transmission system from interconnection to bulk power transfers from the generation areas to the load centres, such as the anticipated transfer in 1970 of some 6,000 MW from the Midlands to the home counties . Continued reinforcement and extension of

3128-470: The manor house was demolished in the same period. Enclosure in the 18th century reduced the population again, to around 67 households by 1758. St Peter & St Paul's Church was built in brick in 1779–81. In 1801 the village had a population of 274 in 59 houses, in 1821 343 persons in 63 houses. An 18th century extension of the Manor House, known as Stallingborough House, survived until the 1840s, when it

3196-429: The north and consumers in the south since there is generally a north–south flow of electricity. 'Triad demand' is a metric of demand which reports retrospectively three numbers about peak demand between November and February (inclusive) each winter. In order to encourage usage of the National Grid to be less 'peaky', the triad is used as the basis for extra charges paid by the users (the licensed electricity suppliers) to

3264-668: The north, and a medieval cross in the churchyard of the modern church. The medieval hagiography , On the Resting-Places of the Saints records that Stallingborough is the burial place of the Anglo-Saxon Saint Avbur . A chapel to St Avbur is mentioned in a will of Ric[hard] Hooton of Stallingborough dated 1530. The village was also the site of a manor house and associated formal gardens (post medieval, probably early 17th century). The medieval church collapsed in 1746, and

3332-541: The power station to EP UK Investments Ltd as part of a deal that also saw Langage power station change hands between the two companies. EP UK Investments Ltd is fully controlled by EP Power Europe, which is 100% owned by Czech energy group EPH (owned by Daniel Křetínský ). Cooling water is drawn from the River Humber . It is a CCGT type power station using natural gas. Phase 1 consists of three 166 MW gas turbines with three heat recovery steam generators . It

3400-459: The privatisation of the Central Electricity Generating Board in 1990, the National Grid in England and Wales is owned by National Grid plc . In Scotland the grid is owned by ScottishPower Transmission in the south, and by SSE in the north. Infrastructure connecting offshore wind farms to the grid is owned by offshore transmission owners . National Grid plc is the transmission system operator for

3468-564: The railway line, including the Green Man Inn, a manor house, and various dwellings spread along the main road. The extent of development of the village remained mostly unchanged until after the Second World War . The Grimsby and Immingham Electric Railway was built through the northern part of the parish in 1912. Gun batteries were also installed on the Humber foreshore at Stallingborough in

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3536-521: The smaller Cruachan and Ffestiniog . There are also some grid batteries . As of May 2021, 1.3 GW of battery storage was operating in the United Kingdom, with 16 GW of projects in the pipeline potentially deployable over the next few years. A 100 MW power Chinese-financed plant at Minety , Wiltshire was reported to be the largest in Europe when it opened in July 2021; when a 50 MW extension

3604-518: The south coast has about 12% greater effectiveness due to reduced transmission system power losses compared to new generating capacity in north England, and about 20% greater effectiveness than in northern Scotland. There is a 40 MW AC cable to the Isle of Man, the Isle of Man to England Interconnector and a 260km 600MW HVDC cable to the Shetland Islands . The UK grid is connected to adjacent European electrical grids by submarine power cables . In 2014,

3672-497: The south of the UK across the grid. This flow was anticipated to grow to about 12 GW by 2014. Completion of the Western HVDC Link in 2018 added capacity for a flow of 2.2 GW between Western Scotland and North Wales. Because of the power loss associated with this north to south flow, the effectiveness and efficiency of new generation capacity is significantly affected by its location. For example, new generating capacity on

3740-455: The south of village near the B1210 roundabout. Houses were built at both sites. In 2016 an 88 acres (36 ha) vehicle handling site, for use by Kia Motors , was officially opened at the Kiln Lane industrial estate. The civil parish of Stallingborough is located in the county of North East Lincolnshire between Immingham and Grimsby . The parish extends about 3.7 miles (6 km) from

3808-464: The steam passes through an ABB steam turbine connected to an ABB 50WT hydrogen-cooled turbogenerator . For Phase 2 the steam passes through an ABB steam turbine connected to an ABB WY21 TEWAC (air-water-cooled) turbogenerator. The Phase 1 generator is larger than Phase 2 so needs to be cooled by hydrogen gas. The terminal voltage of the generators is 15.75 kV. Electricity enters the National Grid via

3876-400: The study, together with the increased demand, was the effect on the transmission system of the rapid advances in generator design resulting in projected power stations of 2,000–3,000 MW installed capacity. These new stations were mostly to be sited where advantage could be taken of a surplus of cheap low-grade fuel and adequate supplies of cooling water, but these sites did not coincide with

3944-530: The system's AC frequency within ±1% of 50  Hz , except in exceptional circumstances. These are used on a second by second basis to either lower the demand or to provide extra generation. In an emergency where the discrepancy between supply and demand is too great and the frequency drops too far (between 48.8 Hz down to 47.8 Hz) then the Low Frequency Demand Disconnection (LFDD) automatic cutouts progressively trigger and remove up to 60% of

4012-403: The transmission system, generators must be licensed (by BEIS) and enter into a connection agreement with NGET which also grants Transmission Entry Capacity (TEC). Generators contribute to the costs of running the system by paying for TEC, at the generation TNUoS tariffs set by NGET. This is charged on a maximum-capacity basis. In other words, a generator with 100 MW of TEC who only generated at

4080-569: The village. Land use is predominantly agricultural, with drained enclosed fields; near the Humber Estuary foreshore there are industrial developments. There is a large industrial estate in the north of the parish; two chemical plants are located near the estuary foreshore: Cristal's Stallingborough plant (also known as the Battery Works, the former Millennium Inorganic Chemicals , or Laporte plc plant); and Synthomer's Stallingborough plant . The 1.28 GW South Humber Bank gas fired power station

4148-565: The whole GB grid. At the end of the 19th century, Nikola Tesla established the principles of three-phase high-voltage electric power distribution while he was working for Westinghouse in the United States. The first use of this system in the United Kingdom was by Charles Merz , of the Merz & McLellan consulting partnership, at his Neptune Bank Power Station near Newcastle upon Tyne . This opened in 1901, and by 1912 had developed into

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4216-561: Was also demolished. Stallingborough railway station and the Great Grimsby and Sheffield Junction Railway opened around 1848, passing through the northern part of the village. A fixed lighthouse ( Stallingborough Light ) was built in 1849 (lat. 53°37'), located in the Ferry House on the east bank of the outlet onto the Humber of the North Beck Drain. In about 1860 the Hull Citadel

4284-419: Was completed in September 1933, ahead of schedule and on budget. It began operating in 1933 as a series of regional grids with auxiliary interconnections for emergency use. Following the unauthorised but successful short term parallelling of all regional grids by the night-time engineers on 29 October 1937, by 1938 the grid was operating as a national system. The growth by then in the number of electricity users

4352-404: Was decommissioned, and new gun batteries constructed to replace it; the major works was the fort at Paull on the north bank of the Humber; at Stallingborough a battery of 6 guns was built. In about 1887 the village included the church and vicarage, a smithy, and a Wesleyan and a Primitive Methodist Chapel, with the railway passing north of the church; the village extended to the north of

4420-761: Was designed and built by a consortium of Cockerill Maintenance & Ingénierie (CMI) and International Combustion , and 255 MW steam turbine . Phase 2 consists of two 169 MW gas turbines, two heat recovery steam generators and a 171 MW steam turbine. It is similar to two CCGTs next-door to each other. The gas turbines used are ABB Alstom GT 13E2 engines which normally produce 165 MW each. Each gas turbine has 72 EV (conical pre-mix) burners. Exhaust gas leaves each turbine at 540C. The engines spin at 3000  rpm . The gas turbines are each connected to an ABB WY21 TEWAC turbo generator . Exhaust gas from each gas turbine passes through an individual CMI heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). For Phase 1

4488-542: Was formed in 1991. On 29 May 2001, Centrica (as GB Gas Holdings Ltd) bought 60% of the power station, and with 40% owned by Chanter Petroleum (part of TOTAL Midstream Holdings UK Ltd) from Humber Power Ltd. The entire site was then run by Centrica, under the name South Humber Power Ltd. In September 2005, the station was bought (100%) by Centrica, costing £150 million (£46.5 million in cash). Centrica also run Glanford Brigg Power Station and Killingholme A power station . On 21 June 2017 Centrica agreed to sell

4556-530: Was started in November 1996 and was completed in January 1999, adding 510 MW. The plant was built by Switzerland 's ABB . It was initially run by IVO Generation Services, a company owned by Finland's Fortum ( Imatran Voima Oy ). The site was owned by the consortium Humber Power Ltd, which was owned by Midland Power, ABB Energy Ventures, Tomen Group, Fortum Group, British Energy and TotalFinaElf. Humber Power Ltd

4624-673: Was the fastest in the world, rising from three quarters of a million in 1920 to nine million in 1938. The grid proved its worth during the Blitz , when South Wales provided power to replace lost output from Battersea and Fulham power stations. The grid was nationalised by the Electricity Act 1947 , which also created the British Electricity Authority . In 1949, the British Electricity Authority decided to upgrade

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