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93-676: Edward Hammond Boatner Jr. was born in Boston, Massachusetts, and grew up in Saginaw, Michigan . He had a musical background: his father, Edward Boatner , was a baritone singer, composer, and college music professor; his brother was a classically trained pianist, and his mother was a piano teacher. He was placed for adoption in 1924 by his father and adopted by the Stitt family in Saginaw. He later began calling himself "Sonny". While in high school in Saginaw, he played in

186-424: A Sonny Stitt." During the 1940s, he played alto saxophone as a member of Tiny Bradshaw 's big band, Billy Eckstine 's big band with Gene Ammons and Dexter Gordon , and Dizzy Gillespie 's big band. Stitt was a leader of Bebop Boys and Galaxy in 1946 and 1948 respectively. When playing tenor saxophone Stitt seemed to break free from some of the criticism that he was imitating Parker's style, and began to develop

279-455: A ballad rather than a ' Dixieland '-style number like his earlier hit " Hello Dolly ". According to Thiele's own account, this led to a screaming match; Newton then had to be locked out of the studio and he stood outside throughout the session, banging on the door and yelling to be let in. The single was released with little promotion from ABC and it sold relatively poorly in the U.S.. In Europe, it sold more than 1.5 million copies and went to #1 in

372-618: A far more distinctive sound. He played with other bop musicians including Horace Parlan , Bud Powell and Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis , a fellow tenor with a distinctly tough tone in comparison to Stitt, in the 1950s and recorded a number of sides for Prestige Records as well as albums for Argo , Verve , and Roost . Stitt experimented with Afro-Cuban jazz in the late 1950s, and the results can be heard on his recordings for Roost and Verve, on which he teamed up with Thad Jones and Chick Corea for Latin versions of such standards as " Autumn Leaves ". In 1952 Stitt played with pianist Jimmy Jones and

465-465: A fort following the 1819 Treaty of Saginaw , Saginaw was a thriving lumber town in the 19th century. It was an important industrial city and manufacturing center throughout much of the 20th century due to its automobile and automotive parts production led by General Motors . As part of the Rust Belt , its industry and strong manufacturing presence declined, leading to increased unemployment, crime, and

558-584: A joint venture with Disney . To market music from the successful TV show, ABC-Paramount established the Am-Par Record Corporation and the ABC-Paramount label in early 1955, appointing Sam Clark, a Boston record distributor, as president, with Larry Newton as sales manager and Harry Levine the A&;R director. The new recording company enjoyed Goldenson's full support. Sid Feller, a producer and arranger,

651-566: A live 1964 encounter with Ronnie Scott , The Night Has a Thousand Eyes , eventually surfaced, and another in 1966 with resident guitarist Ernest Ranglin and British tenor saxophonist Dick Morrissey . Stitt was one of the first jazz musicians to experiment with the Selmer Varitone amplification system as heard on the albums What's New!!! in 1966 and Parallel-a-Stitt in 1967. In the 1970s Stitt slowed his recording output slightly but in 1972 produced another classic, Tune-Up! , which

744-414: A mainly ceremonial executive mayor who was to have fairly weak powers. This was to be, as numerous other elected officials, along with elected or appointed boards, controlled much of the administrative and executive functions of government. The efficient and cohesive functioning of the Saginaw city government also was constrained by remaining rivalries between residents, business owners, and politicians from

837-508: A male householder with no wife present, and 38.1% were non-families. 32.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.19. The median age in the city was 33.5 years. 28.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.1% were from 25 to 44; 25% were from 45 to 64; and 10.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of

930-515: A massive renovation. The Celebration Square area of downtown boasts an authentic Japanese Tea House, the only one of its kind in Michigan. The Andersen Enrichment Center and Rose Gardens are another attraction in Celebration Square offering ongoing art exhibits, a summer jazz concert series, and winter and summer art fairs. Numerous other arts and cultural organizations serve the community including

1023-476: A new Michigan state constitution was adopted. The new Michigan state constitution mandated increased home rule powers for local units of government, and the Michigan state legislature enacted the Home Rule Cities Act in 1909. Under this statute , cities were permitted to frame and adopt their own city charters and were given great flexibility in structuring their local governments. The government, under

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1116-642: A new owner, who made another plat in February 1837. However, the financial crisis of the Panic of 1837 dampened interest in purchasing properties. After selling only 58 of the 407 plots, the remainder was sold again in 1841. Saginaw was the location of the annual government payment to the Ojibwe and Ottawa of the area, starting in the 1830s. This also attracted many French-Canadian and Euro-American merchants, primarily involved in selling watered down whiskey. The main cause for

1209-485: A policy of "No annexation, no water," Saginaw chose to sell water to neighboring communities under long-term contracts. This allowed the townships to further develop at the expense of the city, the limits of which changed little after consolidation in 1889–90. The unintended consequence of this choice was that Saginaw's population stopped growing, new housing development focused on the suburban townships, and businesses eventually followed. Manufacturing in Saginaw declined in

1302-501: A population decline. Modern economic development is focused on comparative advantages in innovation, clean energy, and continued manufacturing exports. However, the city continues to have a higher proportion of manufacturing jobs than the U.S. average. The name Saginaw is widely believed to mean "where the Sauk were" in Ojibwe , from Sace-nong or Sak-e-nong (Sauk Town), due to the belief that

1395-508: A port for Great Lakes vessels. What is now the city of Saginaw resulted from the consolidation of the cities of East Saginaw and Saginaw City (West Side) in 1889. In 1819, Lewis Cass , in the Treaty of Saginaw , negotiated the prerogative for the United States to own and settle the area with the leaders of the Ojibwe . In 1820, Campau attempted to expand across to the east bank of the river but

1488-459: A program to purchase unwanted, abandoned structures from their owners, which would be then added to a list of homes to tear down. Officials estimate that there were nearly 1,200 homes within the city limits worthy of demolition. Efforts to revitalize downtown increased in 2013. CBS television executive and Saginaw native David Strouse announced an investment plan in late 2013 that would save nearly an entire block of buildings slated for demolition at

1581-608: A result of its high rate of unemployment. The crime rate has been a major area of concern for the community. Saginaw's economic conditions, compounded by the Great Recession , are a significant area of concern for the city's residents. The decline in manufacturing jobs has resulted in higher than average rates of unemployment. Property values in the city have declined, decreasing the amount the city government collects in property taxes. Unemployment in Saginaw peaked in July 2009, according to

1674-441: A single city. Prior to this consolidation, the nearby village of Salina had already become part of East Saginaw. The consolidation of Saginaw became effective with the election of officers on March 12, 1890. The provisions of the city charter were established by the same act of the legislature that provided for the consolidation. Saginaw was to be governed by a city council consisting of two aldermen elected from 21 wards and

1767-475: A single officer, the city manager , who was appointed by, and accountable to a city council of nine members elected as a group by the entire city at-large. The system was designed to address two principal issues with Saginaw's history of municipal government, the inefficiency and politics associated with having executive and administrative authority spread among many different officers and boards, and political rivalries and friction between various geographic areas of

1860-590: A small group that included Pete Turner , who shot covers for Verve, A&M , and CTI ; Chuck Stewart ; Arnold Newman ; Ted Russell ; and Joe Alper , who was known for his early ’60s photographs of Bob Dylan ) The sparse black-and-white back covers bore the slogan "The New Wave of Jazz is on IMPULSE!" Most Impulse! LPs were issued in a gatefold sleeve, with photographs, liner notes, and, in some cases, multi-page booklets. Taylor achieved early success by signing Ray Charles , who had just ended his contract with Atlantic Records . Charles's Genius + Soul = Jazz gave

1953-474: A trading post on the west bank of the Saginaw River. Shortly thereafter the United States established Fort Saginaw. Campau's trading post was also inhabited by Metis. During Michigan's territorial period, a county and township government were organized at Saginaw. Growth of the settlement was fueled rapidly during the 19th century by the lumber industry. Saginaw was the site of numerous sawmills and served as

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2046-527: Is a city in and the seat of Saginaw County, Michigan , United States. It had a population of 44,202 at the 2020 census . Located along the Saginaw River , Saginaw is adjacent to Saginaw Charter Township and considered part of Greater Tri-Cities region of Central Michigan . The Saginaw metropolitan area had a population of 190,124 in 2020, while the Tri-Cities area had 377,474 residents. Established as

2139-553: Is also home to the Theodore Roethke Home Museum, a National Literary Landmark. The museum honors one of America's greatest 20th-century poets, who was born and raised in Saginaw. Impulse! Records Impulse! Records (occasionally styled as "¡mpulse! Records" and "¡!") is an American jazz record label established by Creed Taylor in 1960. John Coltrane was among Impulse!'s earliest signings. Thanks to consistent sales and positive critiques of his recordings,

2232-606: Is considered to be one of the ten most authentic Tea Houses outside the country of Japan. The site is open from April through October and offers traditional tea ceremonies by appointment, and on the second Saturday of each month. Each year in September a Japan Festival is held in the garden, featuring authentic Japanese singers, dancers, and performers, and offering demonstrations of Japanese Culture to those in attendance, including flower arranging, calligraphy, origami, and authentic Japanese cuisine, such as sushi and other dishes. The city

2325-700: Is used to host private and public events throughout the year. These events include Hollyday Art Fair, Art & Garden Festival, the SAWA Fall Watercolor Exhibition, Jazz in the Rose Garden and Art @ the Andersen and a World AIDS Day service The garden includes a fountain with a sculpture by Marshall Fredericks . The Saginaw Art Museum hosts temporary exhibitions and permanent collections. The museum also houses The John and Michele Bueker Research Library and Archives of Michigan Art. The museum originated as

2418-524: The American Fur Company was operating a post at Saginaw. Few plots were sold and after the U.S. Army pulled out, the town languished for most of the following decade. The town was re-platted in December 1830, comprising riverfront from Cass Street, on the south, to Harrison Street, and north to Jefferson. These plots sold slowly. By 1835, only 24 plots had been sold and the remainder were transferred to

2511-738: The Blue Network of radio stations from NBC and later merged with the newly independent Paramount Theaters chain, formerly owned by Paramount Pictures . The new recording division was located at 1501 Broadway , above the Paramount Theatre in Times Square . Under the leadership of Leonard Goldenson , the former head of Paramount Pictures, the company "sought to establish itself as a cross-media force in television, theaters and sound recordings". It enjoyed early success in TV with The Mickey Mouse Club ,

2604-510: The Saginaw Sting , an indoor football team. Downtown Saginaw has undergone a resurgence with locally-owned restaurants and coffee shops dotting the area. The downtown Saginaw area contains several office buildings from the late 19th century and early 20th century. They are located near the Saginaw Club, a social club founded in 1889. In December 2016 "The Gallery: Art For Saginaw" opened in

2697-607: The Saginaw-Saginaw Township North (Saginaw County), Midland ( Midland County ), and Bay City ( Bay County ) metropolitan areas, which had a combined population of 377,474 at the 2020 census . As of the census of 2010, there were 51,508 people, 19,799 households, and 12,252 families residing in the city (excludes townships). The population density was 2,970.5 inhabitants per square mile (1,146.9/km ). There were 23,574 housing units at an average density of 1,359.5 per square mile (524.9/km ). The racial makeup of

2790-524: The U.S. Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 18.10 square miles (46.88 km ), of which, 17.34 square miles (44.91 km ) is land and 0.76 square miles (1.97 km ) is water. Saginaw lies on the Saginaw River , 15 miles (24 km) inland from the Saginaw Bay , an arm of Lake Huron . The city sits in the middle of the Saginaw Bay watershed, the largest in the state of Michigan. It includes

2883-633: The United States Department of the Treasury approving a grant to demolish vacant and abandoned properties via the Michigan State Housing Development Authority. The $ 100 million grant contained $ 11.2 million set aside for Saginaw, with Detroit receiving $ 52.3 million, Flint $ 20.1 million, Pontiac $ 3.7 million, and the final $ 2.5 million going to Grand Rapids . After the grant's approval, Saginaw city officials announced

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2976-483: The 1889 charter, had continued to be inefficient and provided for much political infighting. In 1913, a new city charter was adopted with voter approval and which followed a commission form of city government that had gained in popular interest among various cities across the United States in the early 20th century. The new government consisted of five commissioners, each elected separately at-large , who served both as

3069-433: The 1960s, Stitt paid homage to Parker on the album Stitt Plays Bird , which features Jim Hall on guitar. Stitt recorded several times with his friend Gene Ammons in sessions that were interrupted by Ammons' own imprisonment for narcotics possession. The records recorded by these two saxophonists are regarded by many as some of both Ammons and Stitt's best work. The Ammons/Stitt partnership went down in posterity as one of

3162-708: The Army thought possible, armor-piercing shells for anti-tank use, and more than half a million M1 carbine rifles for the US military during World War II, the "Gun Plant" that later became Steering Gear Plant 2. Saginaw Steering Gear's Plant   1 also began wartime production in 1941, concentrating on ball screws that would eventually be used in the wing flaps of the Boeing B-29 Superfortress . Malleable Iron converted its production of Armasteel from engine components to gun parts and tank treads, while Grey Iron specialized in

3255-450: The Bureau of Labor Statistics, standing at 23.5%. The unemployment rate dropped to 9.0% as of April 2015; crime has decreased as unemployment has decreased. Saginaw consistently ranks as having one of the highest crime rates in both Michigan and the United States at large. In 2020, Saginaw had a homicide rate of 50.2 per 100,000 people, narrowly surpassing Detroit's rate (49.7) and dwarfing

3348-473: The Impulse! name in a heavy, sans-serif, lower-cased font, followed by an exclamation mark that mirrors the lower-case "i" at the beginning. For most of the 1960s, Impulse!'s album covers featured the logo in orange letters in a white circle, with black-and-orange exclamation marks above it, and the catalog number below it. One exception is the album A Love Supreme , which used the design in black and white. In 1968

3441-611: The Jackson-Church-Wilcox Company began as a partnership in 1906 for producing steering gear under the "Jacox" brand. Jackson-Church-Wilcox was acquired by Buick in 1909, and as part of General Motors became the Jackson, Church and Wilcox Division, the first GM division devoted to parts production. In 1919 the Jacox division was merged with Saginaw Malleable Iron and Central Foundry into GM's Saginaw Products Company . This formed

3534-475: The Len Francke Band, a local popular swing band. In 1943, Stitt met Charlie Parker . As he often recalled, the two men had similar styles. Parker is alleged to have remarked, "Well, I'll be damned, you sound just like me", to which Stitt responded, "Well, I can't help the way I sound. It's the only way I know how to play." Kenny Clarke said of Stitt, "Even if there had not been a Bird, there would have been

3627-660: The McGuire Sisters , Pearl Bailey , and Theresa Brewer , whom he married. Despite resistance from Decca executives who were suspicious of rock and roll, Thiele signed Buddy Holly in 1957. Thiele's first Impulse! production was Coltrane's Live! at the Village Vanguard , released in March 1962. Although unfamiliar with the "new jazz" movement, Thiele backed his artists, afforded them unprecedented freedom in their repertoire, and gave leading acts like Coltrane carte blanche in

3720-502: The Papas , Steppenwolf , Three Dog Night , and The Grass Roots . Impulse! was moved to share headquarters with ABC-Dunhill in Los Angeles . By this time, pop-rock acts dominated the company's output, with Impulse! releases accounting for only 5 percent of total sales. It was also during this time that Impulse! became the first all-jazz label to release a rock album when it issued Trespass ,

3813-685: The Saginaw Arts & Enrichment Commission, Eddy Band, Holidays in the Heart of the City, River Junction Poets, Theodore Roethke House of Poetry, Riverside Film Festival, Lawn Chair Film Festival, Friday Night Live Concerts, River Junction Poets and Saginaw Area Watercolor Society. The Dow Event Center is home to the city's junior ice hockey team, the Saginaw Spirit of the Ontario Hockey League as well as

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3906-481: The Saginaw River. Lumber production peaked by the early 1870s, but had virtually disappeared by the end of the 19th century. In addition to salt production, which experienced an eventual decline as well, growing industries, such as those supporting the area's agriculture and manufacturing, developed. On June 28, 1889, the Michigan state legislature passed Act 455 to consolidate the cities of Saginaw and East Saginaw into

3999-458: The Sauk once lived there. But it is more likely that the name means "place of the outlet", from the Ojibwe sag (opening) and ong (place of). When Natives told Samuel de Champlain that the Sauk nation was on the western shore of Lake Michigan , Champlain mistakenly placed them on the western shore of Lake Huron . This mistake was copied on subsequent maps, and future references identified this as

4092-603: The State and National Rates (7.6 and 6.5, respectively). Unemployment and population loss in the late 20th and early 21st centuries has led to urban decay , specifically a rise in abandoned homes that provided locations for criminal activity. In recent years, city officials, law enforcement, and neighborhood watch associations have made progress in preventing this activity by heavily patrolling target areas and offering rewards for reporting illegal or suspicious activities. Efforts to reduce blight in Saginaw increased greatly in 2013, with

4185-493: The UK. Demand from ABC's European distributor EMI for an album forced ABC to issue one, but they did not promote the album and it did not chart in the U.S. Twenty years later, it became the most successful recording of both Armstrong's and Thiele's careers, thanks to its inclusion on the soundtrack Good Morning, Vietnam . Under the guidance of Ed Michel , Thiele's successor, Impulse! continued to issue significant recordings, including

4278-448: The United States entered World War II , Saginaw's industrial complex became directed towards military production. Turning its efforts to the production of munitions , ordnance and components for military vehicles made Saginaw a significant contributor to the Allies' victory. Saginaw was home to a production facility that produced .30 caliber machine guns more quickly and at lower cost than

4371-594: The Way It Was (Live at the Left Bank) with Don Patterson and Billy James , and Black Vibrations which featured the same group as in Turn It On! . Just the Way It Was (Live at the Left Bank) which was released in 2000 also featured Stitt as an electric saxophone player, which was the first album which encompassed it. Stitt's productivity dropped in the 1970s due to alcoholism. He drank heavily after giving up heroin in

4464-404: The automotive industry; most notably, manual transmission assemblies, steering gear boxes and power steering pumps. At the height of manufacturing in the 1960s and 1970s, the city and neighboring Buena Vista Township hosted 12 General Motors plants, an Eaton Manufacturing plant (demolished 2008) where 5,000 people produced auto parts, and numerous smaller concerns. The General Motors plants in

4557-403: The average family size was 3.23. In the city, the population was spread out, with 31.6% under the age of 18, 9.9% from 18 to 24, 28.3% from 25 to 44, 18.7% from 45 to 64, and 11.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.0 males. The median income for a household in the city

4650-474: The basis for the Saginaw Steering Gear Division, created in 1928. General Motors and other manufacturers established foundries and other automobile-related manufacturing facilities in Saginaw, for the production of chemicals and plate glass, as well as metal fabrication. This early development of a symbiotic relationship with the auto industry set the course for the future of the city. Before

4743-602: The best dueling partnerships in jazz, alongside Zoot Sims and Al Cohn , and Johnny Griffin with Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis. Stitt ventured into soul jazz, and he recorded with fellow tenor saxophonist Booker Ervin in 1964 on the Soul People album. Stitt also recorded with Duke Ellington alumnus Paul Gonsalves in 1963 for Impulse! on the Salt and Pepper album in 1964. Around that time he appeared regularly at Ronnie Scott 's in London,

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4836-526: The circular front-cover badge was replaced by a one-color design featuring a simplified Impulse! logo and the ABC Records logo side by side within a divided rectangular border. Album covers often featured stylish, large-format photographs or paintings, usually in color, which were typically bled out to the edges of the cover and printed on glossy laminated stock. Many of the best-known Impulse! covers were designed by art director Robert Flynn and photographed by

4929-422: The city council and as the executive heads of various city government departments. One of the commissioners served as the mayor, which was a mostly ceremonial role. The 1913 city charter was followed for little more than two decades when the voters of the city again adopted another new city charter in 1935 following the council-manager form of government . The government under the 1913 city charter retained some of

5022-423: The city was 46.1% African American , 43.5% White , 0.5% Native American , 0.3% Asian , 5.2% from other races , and 4.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 14.3% of the population. There were 19,799 households, of which 36.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 26.9% were married couples living together, 28.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.3% had

5115-605: The city was 47.1% male and 52.9% female. As of the census of 2000, there were 61,799 people, 23,182 households, and 15,114 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,542.9 inhabitants per square mile (1,367.9/km ). There were 25,639 housing units at an average density of 1,469.9 per square mile (567.5/km ). The racial makeup of the city (excluding townships) was 47.02% White , 43.26% African American , 0.49% Native American , 0.33% Asian , 0.02% Pacific Islander , 5.86% from other races , and 3.03% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11.75% of

5208-532: The city's infrastructure. In 1947, Saginaw and the nearby city of Midland constructed a 65-mile-long (105 km) water supply pipeline drawing water from Whitestone Point in Lake Huron to meet the anticipated needs of the communities. In addition, the cities of Midland and Bay City joined with Saginaw to develop and operate an airport on the site of a former POW camp in nearby Tittabawassee Township , which eventually became MBS International Airport . In 1908,

5301-494: The city, mainly the east side and the west side. In the years following World War II , the Michigan state legislature enacted laws making it increasingly difficult for incorporated cities to expand by annexing territory from neighboring townships. Townships, which had historically served an agrarian, smaller population than that of larger cities, were given the ability to provide nearly all the same services an incorporated city could. Although Midland pursued (and continues to pursue)

5394-499: The county were: The Saginaw metropolitan area's main shopping district is located in neighboring Saginaw Township along Bay Road and Tittabawassee Road north of town, where several big box stores and regional restaurant chains can be found. Also in the same area is Fashion Square Mall , a regional shopping mall anchored by JCPenney and Macy's . Primary areas within the city of Saginaw for consumer shopping include Old Town and downtown. Saginaw's entertainment hub can be found in

5487-561: The debut album by the Liberation Music Orchestra , the first of four collaborations between Charlie Haden and Carla Bley . The company also acquired LP masters that Sun Ra had recorded for his private label, making them more widely available for the first time. In the early 1970s, ABC restructured its recording division, merging the ABC label with its other pop-rock subsidiary, Dunhill Records , whose roster included The Mamas &

5580-588: The downtown area, where venues such as The Dow Event Center and the restored Temple Theatre offer live entertainment. The Saginaw Bay Symphony Orchestra and Saginaw Choral Society are housed in the Temple and each of these organizations performs a full concert series annually at the Temple venue. The Saginaw Historical Society is also located downtown in an elaborate castle. Nearby, the Saginaw Art Museum boasts an impressive permanent collection and recently underwent

5673-522: The former two cities. The distinctions and rivalries between Saginaw's east side and west side persisted into the 20th century in various forms, and continues to influence Saginaw's social, political, economic landscape, even into the 2010s. In the early 20th century, automobile production proliferated throughout Michigan, but most notably in Detroit . Other Michigan cities became suppliers to Detroit factories, sometimes with factories of their own. In Saginaw,

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5766-417: The founding and subsequent development of Saginaw was the large demand for lumber as the United States expanded westward. A virgin growth forest principally consisting of white pine trees covered most of Michigan. The convenient access to transportation provided by the Saginaw River and its numerous tributaries fueled a massive expansion in population and economic activity. As the trees were being cut down in

5859-550: The highest profile and the strongest and most consistent sales of any Impulse! artist. In addition to its artistic influence, Coltrane's 1965 LP A Love Supreme became one of the most successful jazz albums ever released, selling over 100,000 copies on its first release. By 1970 it had sold more than half a million. Roger McGuinn of the Byrds has stated that he listened to Coltrane extensively in this period, and that Coltrane's saxophone playing influenced his 12-string guitar playing on

5952-412: The hit " Eight Miles High ". Thiele severed his ties with Impulse! in 1969, setting up a short-lived deal to provide independently produced recordings, before leaving the label entirely to establish his own imprint, Flying Dutchman Records . Thiele's departure was in part precipitated by the breakdown of his relationship with Larry Newton , the president of ABC Records. One of Thiele's last productions

6045-424: The home of C.L. Ring who commissioned Charles A. Platt to design the house and gardens. The museum opened to the public in 1948. The museum is a Smithsonian Institution affiliate. Saginaw is home to a Japanese Cultural Center, Tea House and Garden, as a result of its 52-year Sister-City relationship with Tokushima, Japan. The Garden was completed in 1971. The Tea House, known as Saginaw Awa An, completed in 1986,

6138-513: The independent boards that were given authority independent of the elected city commissioners. This caused some inefficiency and political friction. The economic consequences of the Great Depression during the 1930s provided the final catalyst for municipal government reform. In contrast to the previous government structures, the 1935 charter, having taken effect in 1936, provided for all administration of city government to be headed directly by

6231-521: The intersection of Washington and Genesee, the core of downtown Saginaw. The plan called for the renovation and redevelopment of four buildings, creating market-rate apartments on the upper floors and retail space at ground level. In 2012 a similar deal was made for the Bancroft and Eddy apartments at the same intersection. Once Section   8 housing, these buildings are being transformed into market-rate apartments and retail space. Economic development in

6324-491: The label came to be known as "the house that Trane built". Impulse!'s parent company, ABC-Paramount Records , was established in 1955 as the recording division of the American Broadcasting Company ( ABC ). In the 1940s and 1950s, ABC benefitted from the U.S. government's antitrust actions against broadcasters and film studios who were forced to divest parts of their companies. In the early 1950s, ABC acquired

6417-547: The label its first hit and became the fourth-highest charting album of his career. Other early successes included Out of the Cool by Gil Evans . Taylor also signed John Coltrane . Another significant early release was The Blues and the Abstract Truth by Oliver Nelson , who led an all-star group that featured Freddie Hubbard , Eric Dolphy , Bill Evans , Paul Chambers , and Roy Haynes . Nelson played an important role in

6510-433: The label's early years before relocating to Los Angeles, where he became an arranger for film and television. Taylor left Impulse! in the summer of 1961 after being approached by MGM to become the head of Verve Records . Bob Thiele , Taylor's successor, produced most of the albums in the 1960s. He had worked for Decca Records and its subsidiaries Coral and Brunswick , where his production credits included Alan Dale ,

6603-529: The largest contiguous fresh-water coastal wetland in the United States. The City of Saginaw consists of many diverse neighborhoods, including: Saginaw has a humid continental climate influenced by its inland position not on the shore of one of the Great Lakes of Michigan. Saginaw is the largest principal city of the Saginaw-Midland-Bay City, MI CSA , a Combined Statistical Area that includes

6696-499: The late 1970s, who noted a marked improvement in his playing. In 1975 he performed with Ron Burton , Major Holley and drummer John Lewis at the Village Vanguard . In 1981, Stitt performed with George Duvivier and Jimmy Cobb , Six weeks before his death, Stitt recorded two consecutive sessions which were with George Duvivier, Jimmy Cobb, Bill Hardman and either Junior Mance or Walter Davis Jr. on piano. In 1982, Stitt

6789-512: The late fifties and the abuse was beginning to take its toll. A series of alcohol-induced seizures caused Stitt to abstain and quit for good. Stitt joined the all-star group The Giants of Jazz (which also featured Art Blakey , Dizzy Gillespie , Thelonious Monk , Kai Winding and bassist Al McKibbon ) and made albums for Atlantic , Concord and EmArcy . His last recordings were made in Japan. A rejuvenated Stitt also toured with Red Holloway in

6882-438: The latter half of the 20th century, leading to high unemployment in the city. As a result, the city's population diminished dramatically. From 2000 to 2010, the population of Saginaw proper decreased by nearly 10,000. Michigan's population during that period decreased by 0.6% percent, the only U.S. state to lose population during the decade of the 2000s. In addition, Saginaw has faced increasing social problems relating to poverty as

6975-534: The mid-1960s, the headquarters of Impulse! was moved to 1130 Avenue of the Americas . Impulse!'s albums are known for their visual appeal. The black, orange, and white livery was devised by Fran Attaway (then known as Fran Scott), whom Taylor also credits with establishing the label's tradition of using cutting-edge photographers for its covers. The color scheme was chosen for its brightness and because no other label used this combination. The label's logo featured

7068-650: The newly redeveloped downtown. At roughly 5,000 square feet it is one of the largest public art galleries in Michigan. The Downtown Farmer's Market offers Michigan produce, flowers, and baked goods from local bakeries and will be moving to an indoor permanent location in 2017. Downtown is not to be confused with the Old Town/West Side City area located on the other side of the river and about one mile (1.6 km) southwest. Old Town has many popular bars, locally owned restaurants, and businesses. The city's roster of local arts organizations includes Pit and Balcony, one of

7161-527: The next year performed orchestral music with Johnny Richards . Under Quincy Jones 's guidance in 1955 he played uptempos and ballads such as "My Funny Valentine" and "Star Dust" and the same year performed "Afterwards" and "There Will Never Be Another You" with Hank Jones . Stitt joined Dolo Coker in 1957 to perform "Blues for Yard" and "Blue Moon" before returning to Hank to perform "Cherokee". Stitt joined Miles Davis briefly in 1960, and recordings with Davis' quintet can be found only in live settings on

7254-702: The oldest continuously operating community theaters in the United States, founded in 1932. The Castle Museum of Saginaw County History is an important and prominent museum in downtown Saginaw. The museum is housed in a former post office which was built to resemble a castle, and pays homage to the historical French heritage of the area. With more than 100,000 artifacts in its collection, the Historical Society of Saginaw County displays items from their collection as well as those of traveling exhibits. The Andersen Enrichment Center and Lucille E. Andersen Memorial Rose Garden are part of Saginaw's park system. The facility

7347-536: The place of the Sauks. Champlain himself never visited what is now Michigan. The site of what later became the city of Saginaw was originally inhabited by the Anishnabeg . French missionaries and traders first appeared in the area during the late 17th century and encountered the Ojibwe (Chippewa) living in the area. The first permanent settlement by those other than Native Americans was in 1816 when Louis Campau established

7440-409: The population. There were 23,182 households, out of which 35.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 32.9% were married couples living together, 27.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.8% were non-families. 29.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and

7533-580: The production of magnesium for use in Pratt & Whitney aeroplane engines. Migration from across the country, particularly from the Southern United States , drastically increased Saginaw's population during the war years and through the 1950s. This population growth included the expanded presence of African Americans and Latinos in Saginaw. Even before the end of the war, the needs of Saginaw's growth became clear, and were met by significant investment in

7626-422: The region is focused on comparative advantages in innovation, clean energy, and continued manufacturing exports. Compared to other mid-sized communities, Saginaw has a high number of patent applications per job, and more than 81 times the average US share of jobs in photovoltaic technology research and production. The city continues to have a higher proportion of manufacturing jobs than the US average. According to

7719-470: The region, logs were floated down the rivers to sawmills located in Saginaw, destined to be loaded onto ships and later railroad cars. Multiple settlements comprise present-day Saginaw. On the west side of the river the first settlement around what had been Fort Saginaw developed into Saginaw, which was incorporated as a city in 1857, containing the seat of the Saginaw County government. On the east side of

7812-427: The river a parallel settlement, East Saginaw, developed which was incorporated first as a village in 1855, and then as a city in 1859. Also south of East Saginaw, on the east bank of the river, the village of Salina formed. Salina's name relates to the brine that led to a growing industry of salt production in the area. Both Saginaw and East Saginaw quickly became a hub for railroad transportation in addition to ships on

7905-520: The second album by Genesis , in the U.S. in 1970. In 1974, ABC acquired the Famous Music labels and catalog from Gulf+Western , and subsequently, that company's jazz recordings were incorporated into the Impulse! catalog. New recordings from the label ceased in the late 1970s, but ABC reissued titles until the company was sold to MCA Records in 1979. The label lay dormant until it was resurrected in 1992 as part of MCA’s GRP Records , during which time

7998-602: The studio. Impulse! during the Thiele years is recognized as a key outlet for free jazz and the musical movement spearheaded by Coltrane, Freddie Hubbard , Archie Shepp , and McCoy Tyner . In addition to avant-garde releases, Thiele also produced collaborations between Coltrane and two of their mutual heroes, Duke Ellington and Coleman Hawkins . Other notable performers who recorded for Impulse! during this period included Charles Mingus . Aided by good promotion and ABC-Paramount's well-established distribution chain, Coltrane enjoyed

8091-469: The tour of 1960. Concerts in Manchester and Paris are available commercially and also a number of concerts (which include sets by the earlier quintet with John Coltrane) on the record Live at Stockholm ( Dragon ), all of which featured Wynton Kelly , Jimmy Cobb , and Paul Chambers . However, Miles fired Stitt due to the excessive drinking habit he had developed, and replaced him with Hank Mobley . Later in

8184-427: Was $ 26,485, and the median income for a family was $ 29,945. Males had a median income of $ 31,614 versus $ 22,714 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 13,816. About 24.7% of families and 28.5% of the population were below the poverty line , including 40.2% of those under age 18 and 16.3% of those age 65 and over. During much of the 20th century, Saginaw's economy was dominated by manufacturing related to

8277-456: Was and still is regarded by many jazz critics, such as Scott Yanow , as his definitive record. Indeed, his fiery and ebullient soloing was reminiscent of his earlier playing. In 1971 he managed to record four albums; Turn It On! with Leon Spencer , Melvin Sparks , Idris Muhammad , and Virgil Jones, You Talk That Talk! with Gene Ammons and George Freeman as new members of the group, Just

8370-468: Was diagnosed with cancer , and died on July 22 in Washington, D.C. He is buried in a wall crypt at Fort Lincoln Cemetery, Brentwood, Maryland . With Gene Ammons With Art Blakey With Miles Davis With Dizzy Gillespie With Milt Jackson With Don Patterson With Oscar Peterson With Zimbo Trio Saginaw, Michigan Saginaw ( / ˈ s æ ɡ ɪ n ɔː / )

8463-524: Was rejected by the Chippewas. In 1822, the United States Army established a fort on the west bank of the Saginaw River and named it Fort Saginaw. Two companies were stationed at the fort. A group of investors purchased some land near the fort and had it platted under the name, Town of Sagana. Due to the extremely harsh seasons and illnesses, Fort Saginaw was abandoned by 1824. By the late 1820s,

8556-461: Was the Louis Armstrong song " What a Wonderful World ", which Thiele co-wrote and produced for ABC's pop division shortly before Armstrong's death. Although the musicians were apparently unaware of the drama, the recording session is reported to have been the scene of a clash between Thiele and Newton. When Newton arrived at the session he became upset when he discovered that Armstrong was recording

8649-409: Was the first salaried employee on July 15, 1955. The label achieved early success in pop music with Paul Anka . In 1960, Am-Par established a jazz subsidiary and hired Creed Taylor , a producer and arranger who had worked with Bethlehem Records . Taylor became producer and A&R manager. He chose the name "Pulse" but then learned there was already a label with that name, so he added a prefix. In

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