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92-465: The Smart Set was an American monthly literary magazine , founded by Colonel William d'Alton Mann and published from March 1900 to June 1930. Its headquarters was in New York City . During its Jazz Age heyday under the editorship of H. L. Mencken and George Jean Nathan , The Smart Set offered many up-and-coming authors their start and gave them access to a relatively large audience. Following

184-524: A British perspective can be entered. In May 2015, Cosmopolitan UK announced they were launching their first ever fragrance. This is considered a first in the magazine industry. Named 'Cosmopolitan, The Fragrance', the perfume takes on the notion of their much-loved phrase 'Fun, Fearless Female' and was set to launch in September. Cosmopolitan played a role in passing the Seventeenth Amendment to

276-574: A barely legible twelve points. After Hearst died in 1951, the Hearst's International disappeared from the magazine cover altogether in April 1952. With a circulation of 1,700,000 in the 1930s, Cosmopolitan had an advertising income of $ 5,000,000. Emphasizing fiction in the 1940s, it was subtitled The Four-Book Magazine since the first section had one novelette, six or eight short stories, two serials, six to eight articles and eight or nine special features, while

368-467: A bottle . In conjunction with the campaign, Cosmopolitan 's editor-in-chief, Kate White, approached Congresswoman Carolyn Maloney , known for her support of women's health issues, with concerns that women were not fully aware of the dangers of indoor tanning and the effectiveness of the current warning labels. After careful review, the Congresswoman agreed that it was necessary to recommend that

460-578: A decade after the publication's dissolution, some of the best pieces from the magazine's heyday were collected in The Smart Set Anthology , published by Reynal & Hitchcock . That same year, critic Louis Kronenberger hailed the magazine in The New York Times Book Review as one of the greatest literary publications due to its influence over American culture during its brief existence: " The Smart Set has become something of

552-424: A dispute with owner Eltinge Warner over an unprinted article mocking the national grief over President Warren G. Harding 's death, Mencken and Nathan departed the publication to create The American Mercury in 1924. After their departure, Warner sold the publication to press mogul William Randolph Hearst . Although circulation increased under Hearst's ownership, the magazine's content declined in quality. Following

644-520: A feature claiming that women had almost no reason to worry about contracting HIV long after the best available medical science indicated otherwise. The piece claimed that unprotected sex with an HIV-positive man did not put women at risk of infection and went on to state that "most heterosexuals are not at risk" and that it was impossible to transmit HIV in the missionary position . This article angered many educated people, including AIDS and gay rights activists. The protests organised in response to

736-546: A film company based in New York City from 1918 to 1923, then Hollywood until 1938. The vision for this film company was to make films from stories published in the magazine. Cosmopolitan magazine was officially titled as Hearst's International Combined with Cosmopolitan from 1925 until 1952, but was simply referred to as Cosmopolitan . In 1911, Hearst had bought a middling monthly magazine called World To-Day and renamed it Hearst's Magazine in April 1912. In June 1914 it

828-500: A free correspondence school: "No charge of any kind will be made to the student. All expenses for the present will be borne by the Cosmopolitan . No conditions, except a pledge of a given number of hours of study." When 20,000 immediately signed up, Walker could not fund the school and students were then asked to contribute 20 dollars a year. Also in 1897, H. G. Wells' The War of the Worlds

920-424: A golden era for new literature and The Smart Set . Together, they "created a uniquely liberated mass-market venue for American fiction; this fact alone suggests the importance of this magazine in relation to American literary developments in the teens and early twenties." Circulation during their co-editorship was between 40,000 and 50,000, making it one of the most widely read literary publications. During this time

1012-562: A granddaughter of William Randolph Hearst (founder of Cosmopolitan 's parent company) and sister of Patty Hearst , has lent her support to a campaign which seeks to classify Cosmopolitan as harmful under the guidelines of "Material Harmful to Minors" laws. Hearst, the founder of an evangelical Colorado church called Praise Him Ministries, states that "the magazine promotes a lifestyle that can be dangerous to women's emotional and physical well being. It should never be sold to anyone under 18". According to former model Nicole Weider , who

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1104-543: A legend. It was becoming something of one even while it still existed. You had the feeling, then, that some day you would sentimentalize over the years when The Smart Set was in its prime. You were very conscious that it was making literary history; you knew that it was teaching a literary America that went about on all fours how to walk." In 1944, Grayson Publishing published a 840-page hardcover anthology of magazine's articles, titled The Bachelor's Companion: A Smart Set Collection , edited by Burton Rascoe and Groff Conklin. On

1196-574: A near-nude centerfold of actor Burt Reynolds in April 1972, causing great controversy and attracting much attention. The Latin American edition of Cosmopolitan was launched in March 1973. In April 1978, a single edition of Cosmopolitan Man was published as a trial, targeted to appeal to men. Its cover featured Jack Nicholson and Aurore Clément . It was published twice in 1989 as a supplement to Cosmopolitan . In its January 1988 issue, Cosmopolitan ran

1288-401: A novelette, a short play, several poems, and witticisms to fill blank spaces. Its first cover, by Kay Womrath, "depicted a dancing couple in evening dress controlled by strings held by a grinning Pan; the slashing S's of the title were in vermilion. The price was twenty-five cents." Its earliest contributors included poets Ella Wheeler Wilcox , Bliss Carman and Clinton Scollard . Grissom was

1380-555: A price." When conceiving his new publication entitled The Smart Set , Mann wished to include works "by, for and about ' The Four Hundred '," referring to Ward McAllister 's claim that there were only 400 fashionable people in New York's upper society. As a so-called " pasha of the Gilded Age ," Mann sought to provide sophisticated content that would reinforce the social values of New York's social elite. He sought out writers supposedly "from

1472-411: A series of measures to economize, Mencken and Nathan relocated the magazine's office to a smaller location and reduced the staff, retaining only themselves and a secretary, Sara Golde. Warner reprinted previous issues of The Smart Set under the title Clever Stories . In their most successful effort to boost revenue, Mencken and Nathan began the pulp magazine The Parisienne in 1915 as a place to publish

1564-496: A significant fortune from its sale, hoped ownership of The Smart Set would allow him entrance into the social ranks of New York's high society. However, the magazine's ruined reputation made this difficult and his purchase left him in charge of a sinking ship. After Mencken and Nathan both declined the offer of editorship, Thayer assumed the position of editor-in-chief and appointed the magazine's associate editor, Norman Boyer, as managing editor. An expert in advertising, Thayer added

1656-416: A slogan to the magazine's subtitle, stating that "Its Prime Purpose is to Provide Lively Entertainment for Minds That Are Not Primitive." The new slogan was unsuccessful in restoring the magazine's reputation and popularity, but in 1912 a younger, more rebellious audience began reading The Smart Set for that very reason. To accommodate this new demographic, Thayer, at the recommendation of Mencken, handed over

1748-608: A spinoff magazine targeting a teenage female audience, was created for international readership. It shut down in December 2008. There are 64 worldwide editions of Cosmopolitan , and the magazine is published in 35 languages, with distribution in more than 100 countries making Cosmopolitan the largest-selling young women's magazine in the world. Some international editions are published in partnerships, such as licenses or joint ventures, with established publishing houses in each local market. During 2015, Cosmopolitan found popularity in

1840-487: A surplus of manuscripts they deemed inferior for The Smart Set . The Parisienne "capitalized on the then current war interest in France" generated significant profits, which they used to offset the production costs of The Smart Set . The co-editors sold The Parisienne to Warner and Crowe in 1916 and repeated the process with Saucy Stories and, in 1920, Black Mask . Mencken and Nathan's co-editorship helped to bring about

1932-587: A then-newfound medium, the "discover" section on Snapchat. At the time, Cosmopolitan's "discover" had over 3 million readers a day. In October 2018, Bauer Media Group announced that after 45 years, publication of the Australian edition of Cosmopolitan would stop due to the commercial viability of the magazine no longer being sustainable. In March 2022 the Russian edition, Cosmopolitan Russia , changed its title to Voice after Hearst revoked its affiliation following

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2024-576: A video on The Making of the World's Sexiest Calendar in 1994 followed by a 14-month Cosmopolitan Men Calendar. Photographer Richard Reinsdorf shot the entire Calendar and helped direct the video. Cosmopolitan releases a Male Centerfold issue every few years that features hot male celebrities from the United States. Here is a partial list of the men that have appeared in Cosmopolitan's Centerfold Editions over

2116-413: A year, Wright's tenure marked a period of artistic prosperity for The Smart Set . Thayer appointed Wright as editor with complete control of the magazine's content and direction. Wright, immediately taking advantage of this position, began collecting manuscripts from new artists and hired Ezra Pound as an overseas talent scout. With an appreciation for new and unconventional literary styles, Wright steered

2208-517: Is also part of this campaign, the magazine's marketing is subtly targeting children. Billboards have been hung in states such as Utah urging the state to ban sales of the magazine. In 2018, Walmart announced that Cosmopolitan would be removed from checkout lines after the anti-pornography organization National Center on Sexual Exploitation , formerly known as Morality in Media, labeled the magazine as "sexually explicit material". Cosmopolitan Australia

2300-453: Is an American quarterly fashion and entertainment magazine for women, first published based in New York City in March 1886 as a family magazine; it was later transformed into a literary magazine and, since 1965, has become a women's magazine . Cosmopolitan is one of the best-selling magazines. Formerly titled The Cosmopolitan and often referred to as Cosmo , Cosmopolitan has adapted its style and content. Its current incarnation

2392-485: Is pro-life because that's not in our readers' best interest." According to Joanna Coles, the magazine's editor-in-chief , the endorsements of Cosmopolitan will focus on "candidates in swing states or candidates who are strongly in favor of issues like contraception coverage or gun control." In the 2014 U.S. elections , Cosmopolitan officially endorsed twelve Democratic candidates. However, only two of them won their respective political campaigns . Victoria Hearst,

2484-746: Is published by New York City–based Hearst Corporation . The magazine's office in the Hearst Tower , 300 West 57th Street near Columbus Circle in Manhattan in New York City. Cosmopolitan has 21 international editions in Bulgaria, China, Czechia, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Korea, Mexico, the Middle East, the Netherlands, the Philippines, Slovenia, Spain, Taiwan, Ukraine and

2576-593: Is unofficial. John Thayer era Eltinge Warner era William Randolph Hearst era Literary magazine Nouvelles de la république des lettres is regarded as the first literary magazine; it was established by Pierre Bayle in France in 1684. Literary magazines became common in the early part of the 19th century, mirroring an overall rise in the number of books, magazines, and scholarly journals being published at that time. In Great Britain , critics Francis Jeffrey , Henry Brougham and Sydney Smith founded

2668-824: The Edinburgh Review in 1802. Other British reviews of this period included the Westminster Review (1824), The Spectator (1828), and Athenaeum (1828). In the United States, early journals included the Philadelphia Literary Magazine (1803–1808), the Monthly Anthology (1803–11), which became the North American Review , the Yale Review (founded in 1819), The Yankee (1828–1829) The Knickerbocker (1833–1865), Dial (1840–44) and

2760-528: The Yale Review (founded in 1819) did not; thus the Yale journal is the oldest literary magazine in continuous publication. Begun in 1889, Poet Lore is considered the oldest journal dedicated to poetry. By the end of the century, literary magazines had become an important feature of intellectual life in many parts of the world. One of the most notable 19th century literary magazines of the Arabic-speaking world

2852-728: The National Endowment for the Arts , which created a committee to distribute support money for this burgeoning group of publishers called the Coordinating Council of Literary Magazines (CCLM). This organisation evolved into the Council of Literary Magazines and Presses (CLMP). Many prestigious awards exist for works published in literary magazines including the Pushcart Prize and the O. Henry Awards . Literary magazines also provide many of

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2944-614: The US Constitution , which allowed for the popular election of US Senators (previously they were elected by state legislatures). In 1906, William Randolph Hearst hired David Graham Phillips to write a series of articles entitled " The Treason of the Senate ". These articles, which were largely sensationalized, helped galvanize public support for this cause. In September 2014, Cosmopolitan began endorsing political candidates. The endorsements are based on "established criteria" agreed upon by

3036-556: The Wall Street Crash of 1929 , the magazine failed to survive the economic slump and ceased publication in June 1930. Half a decade after its dissolution, critic Louis Kronenberger hailed The Smart Set in The New York Times Book Review as one of the greatest literary publications due to its influence over American culture during its brief existence. "You were very conscious that it was making literary history," Kronenberger wrote, "it

3128-467: The birth control pill , which had gone on the market exactly five years earlier. This was not Brown's first publication dealing with sexually liberated women. Her 1962 advice book, Sex and the Single Girl , had been a bestseller. Fan mail begging for Brown's advice on many subjects concerning women's behavior, sexual encounters, health, and beauty flooded her after the book was released. Brown sent

3220-552: The bon ton , the light satirical touch, social intrigue, love without benefit of clergy, and irony at the expense of conventions were of the essence of the magazine. Each number began with a novelette; continued with ten or a dozen stories, one of them in French; found a place two-thirds of the way through for an essay on literature, the stage, travel, or society; filled in odd pages or half pages with verse; and tucked in epigrams and jokes and little satires in chinks here and there." By 1905,

3312-404: The invasion of Ukraine . On the cover of its October 2018 issue, Cosmopolitan featured plus-sized model Tess Holliday . Some people, such as TV presenter Piers Morgan , criticized this choice, arguing that it amounted to promoting obesity. Editor of Cosmopolitan Farrah Storr called the cover choice a bold stance in favor of body positivity . In December 2020, actress Emma Roberts became

3404-1060: The Arts, and New Ideas , which began publication in 1951 in England, the Paris Review , which was founded in 1953, The Massachusetts Review and Poetry Northwest , which were founded in 1959, X Magazine , which ran from 1959 to 1962, and the Denver Quarterly , which began in 1965. The 1970s saw another surge in the number of literary magazines, with a number of distinguished journals getting their start during this decade, including Columbia: A Journal of Literature and Art , Ploughshares , The Iowa Review , Granta , Agni , The Missouri Review , and New England Review . Other highly regarded print magazines of recent years include The Threepenny Review , The Georgia Review , Ascent , Shenandoah , The Greensboro Review , ZYZZYVA , Glimmer Train , Tin House , Half Mystic Journal ,

3496-608: The Bachelor of the Year, who is announced at an annual party and media event in New York. The 50 bachelors generally appear on programs such as The Today Show . Past winners include: In the May 2006 issue of Cosmopolitan , the magazine launched the Practice Safe Sun campaign, an initiative aimed at fighting skin cancer by asking readers to stop all forms of tanning other than tanning from

3588-454: The Canadian magazine Brick , the Australian magazine HEAT , and Zoetrope: All-Story . Some short fiction writers, such as Steve Almond , Jacob M. Appel and Stephen Dixon have built national reputations in the United States primarily through publication in literary magazines. The Committee of Small Magazine Editors and Publishers (COSMEP) was founded by Richard Morris in 1968. It

3680-1018: The FDA take a closer look. She and Representative Ginny Brown-Waite introduced the Tanning Accountability and Notification Act (TAN Act – H.R. 4767) on February 16, 2006. President Bush signed the act in September 2007, and the new federal law requires the FDA to scrutinize the warning labels on tanning beds and issue a report by September 2008. Cosmopolitan UK launched the Cosmo Blog Awards in 2010. The awards attracted more than 15,000 entries and winning and highly commended blogs were voted for in several categories including beauty, fashion, lifestyle, and celebrity. The 2011 awards launched in August 2011 and nominations are open until August 31, 2011. All UK-based bloggers and blogs written by British bloggers abroad with

3772-692: The New Orleans–based De Bow's Review (1846–80). Several prominent literary magazines were published in Charleston, South Carolina , including The Southern Review (1828–32) and Russell's Magazine (1857–60). The most prominent Canadian literary magazine of the 19th century was the Montreal-based Literary Garland . The North American Review , founded in 1815, is the oldest American literary magazine. However, it had its publication suspended during World War II, and

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3864-516: The Throat of the Republic" (December 1907 – March 1908) and "What Are You Going to Do About It?" (July 1910 – January 1911). Other contributors during this period included O. Henry , A. J. Cronin , Alfred Henry Lewis , Bruno Lessing , Sinclair Lewis , O. O. McIntyre , David Graham Phillips , George Bernard Shaw , Upton Sinclair , and Ida Tarbell . Jack London 's novella, " The Red One ",

3956-542: The United Kingdom. Cosmopolitan originally began as a family and women's magazine, first published based in New York City in March 1886 by Schlicht & Field of New York as The Cosmopolitan . Paul Schlicht told his first-issue readers inside of the front cover that his publication was a "first-class family magazine". Adding on, "There will be a department devoted exclusively to the concerns of women, with articles on fashions, on household decoration, on cooking, and

4048-520: The Woods . In addition to introducing new literary talent, the two editors were renowned social critics, who lampooned virtually every facet of American culture. Although they were known for their satire, their controversial material became the reason for their departure from The Smart Set and would set in motion the end of the magazine itself. Mencken and Nathan cultivated a youthful readership who had grown increasingly restive and disillusioned with America in

4140-448: The Year award was awarded to Kayla Itsines (2015), Nicole Scherzinger (2012), Mila Kunis (2011), Anna Faris (2010), Ali Larter (2009), Katherine Heigl (2008), Eva Mendes (2007), Beyoncé (2006), Ashlee Simpson (2005), Alicia Silverstone (2004), Sandra Bullock (2003), Britney Spears (2002), Debra Messing (2001), Jennifer Love Hewitt (2000), Shania Twain (1999), and Ashley Judd (1998). Cosmopolitan Men released

4232-500: The aftermath of The Great War . During these years, "Mencken constantly exhorted his fellow critics and literary historians to provide realistic appraisals and re-evaluations of our [American] cultural past, which would then, he felt, influence the present." Mencken and Nathan's editorship at The Smart Set came to an end after they planned to run a satirical piece on President Warren G. Harding following his death. Harding died in August 1923. His funeral procession involved transporting

4324-487: The age of 90. Her vision is still evident in the design of the magazine. The magazine eventually adopted a cover format consisting of a usually young female model (or prominent female celebrity), typically in a low cut dress, bikini, or some other revealing outfit. The magazine set itself apart by frankly discussing sexuality from the point of view that women could and should enjoy sex without guilt. The first issue under Helen Gurley Brown, July 1965, featured an article on

4416-573: The article's publication were turned into a 30-minute documentary titled "Doctors, Liars and Women: AIDS Activists Say NO to Cosmo" by two members of ACTUP, a New York City based collective of HIV/AIDS activists. One of the articles in its October 1989 issue, "The Risky Business of Bisexual Love", promoted the ' bisexual bridge' theory. The 'bisexual bridge' theory suggests that heterosexual women are unknowingly put at risk for contracting HIV through sexual contact with bisexual men who covertly have sex with other men (colloquially described as being "on

4508-416: The articles in exchange for monetary remuneration. This practice led many historians to suggest the latter magazine functioned more or less as a means for Mann to collect blackmail : "No one was named, but veiled suggestions were provided and later it would become generally known that most of the revenue which Mann derived from this magazine came from his policy of offering to suppress forthcoming columns for

4600-449: The body across the country from San Francisco to Ohio. The mainstream media began to sentimentalize the procession, to the dismay of Mencken and Nathan, who noticed a hypocritical change in the press's attitude. They planned to run a satirical piece on the president's funeral, treating the president in death as they did in life. However, the magazine's printers noticed the piece and reported its contents to owner Eltinge Warner. Considering

4692-416: The care and management of children. There was also a department for the younger members of the family." Cosmopolitan 's circulation reached 25,000 that year, but by November 1888, Schlicht & Field were no longer in business. Ownership was acquired by John Brisben Walker in 1889. That same year, he dispatched Elizabeth Bisland on a race around the world against Nellie Bly to draw attention to

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4784-472: The co-founder of The New Yorker magazine who was inspired to create the latter publication upon the demise of The Smart Set . Having little interest in running a magazine, Crowe gave control of The Smart Set to Eltinge Warner, who then appointed Mencken and Nathan as co-editors with total artistic control. Warner remained in control of the magazine's accounts—circulation, advertising, and bookkeeping—while Mencken and Nathan focused on literary content. In

4876-480: The down low"). The New York Area Bisexual Network performed a successful letter-writing campaign against Cosmopolitan . Since the 1960s, Cosmopolitan has discussed such topics as health, fitness, and fashion, as well as sex. The magazine has also featured a section called "Ask Him Anything", where a male writer answers readers' questions about men and dating. The magazine, in particular its cover stories, has become increasingly sexually explicit in tone. In 2000,

4968-516: The editorship of Gilbert, the magazine's attitude and content reverted to the days before Mencken and Nathan's—or even Wright's—time as editors. However, Gilbert's position as editor was short-lived. In 1924, Warner sold the magazine to the publishing tycoon William Randolph Hearst , who immediately gave editorial control to George D'Utassey. Unable to cope with the new management, Gilbert resigned soon after. Hearst's ownership ushered in an editorial focus on commercialism and superficial moral themes. As

5060-527: The editorship to Willard Huntington Wright in 1913. Wright was a Harvard graduate and had served as the literary editor of The Los Angeles Times . Wright outlined the magazine's new editorial direction in the next month's issue: "We want to make of The Smart Set not only the best magazine in America, but something entirely new—the sort of magazine that Europe has been able to support, but which so far has not yet been attempted in America." Although only lasting

5152-608: The evolution of independent literary journals. There are thousands of other online literary publications and it is difficult to judge the quality and overall impact of this relatively new publishing medium. Little magazines, or "small magazines", are literary magazines that often publish experimental literature and the non-conformist writings of relatively unknown writers. Typically they had small readership, were financially uncertain or non-commercial, were irregularly published and showcased artistic innovation. Cosmopolitan Magazine Cosmopolitan (stylized in all caps )

5244-559: The fired Wright's editorial decisions, the magazine had acquired a new intellectual audience. Its readership included such notable writers as Sinclair Lewis , Theodore Dreiser , Hugh Walpole , F. Scott Fitzgerald , and Ernest Hemingway , as well as college professors such as Stewart Sherman and Percy Boynton. The magazine also had garnered the attention of a number of critics and journalists, including Burton Rascoe , Edmund Wilson , Alfred Kazin , Franklin Pierce Adams and Harold Ross ,

5336-868: The first editor to publish works by O. Henry in The Smart Set , and O. Henry's short story, The Lotos and the Bottle , was published by Grissom "at the bargain rate of fifty dollars" in cash. After a brief tenure as editor, however, Grissom died of typhoid fever in December 1901. Novelist Marvin Dana took over as editor, in the first of a series of managerial turnovers that would define the evolution of magazine until its termination. Dana formed an editorial triumvirate consisting of himself and two associate editors, Charles Hanson Towne and newspaper correspondent Henry Collins Walsh. Dana remained as editor until 1904, when he left The Smart Set to work in newspapers. Dana's chosen successor

5428-546: The first pregnant celebrity to appear on the cover of the magazine. For over a decade, the February issue has featured this award. In 2011, Russell Brand received the magazine's Fun, Fearless Male of the Year Award, joining Kellan Lutz and Paul Wesley (2010), John Mayer (2008), Nick Lachey (2007), Patrick Dempsey (2006), Josh Duhamel (2005), Matthew Perry (2004), and Jon Bon Jovi (2003). The Fun, Fearless Female of

5520-418: The freedom and control of their own publication. Upon leaving, Mencken and Nathan began a collaboration with the publishing magnate Alfred A. Knopf and started The American Mercury . Before leaving The Smart Set , Mencken and Nathan recommended Morris Gilbert to replace them as editor. Reportedly, Gilbert had no idea that Warner was planning to sell the magazine upon accepting his position as editor. Under

5612-574: The grocery chain Kroger , at the time the second largest in the US after Walmart , began covering up Cosmopolitan at checkout stands because of complaints about sexually inappropriate headlines. The UK edition of Cosmopolitan , which began in 1972, was the first Cosmopolitan magazine to be branched out to another country. It was well known for sexual explicitness, with strong sexual language, male nudity, and coverage of such subjects as rape. In 1999, CosmoGIRL! ,

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5704-482: The inside copyright page of this 1944 book is printed that the book was originally published and copyrighted by Reynal & Hitchcock in 1934. In 2007, Drexel University launched an online cultural journal titled The Smart Set . Drexel's journal shares some ideals with the original Smart Set and lists Owen Hatteras , a pen name used by H. L. Mencken and George Jean Nathan of the original journal, on its masthead, but its connection to Mencken and Nathan's magazine

5796-675: The magazine featured works by Edna St. Vincent Millay , Theodore Dreiser , Aldous Huxley , Sinclair Lewis , Benjamin De Casseres , Eugene O'Neill and Dashiell Hammett , among others. Millay's short story "Barbara on the Beach" appeared in November 1914. In May 1915 The Smart Set published two stories from James Joyce 's Dubliners , the first time Joyce's work appeared in an American publication. The magazine introduced F. Scott Fitzgerald in September 1919, when it published his short story Babes in

5888-430: The magazine into publishing more experimental and avant-garde literary works by authors such as D.H. Lawrence , Joseph Conrad , William Butler Yeats , and Ford Madox Ford . Wright's editorial decision caused a drastic reduction in readership and angered the magazine's advertisers, who began withdrawing financial backing. Additionally, Wright was using The Smart Set' s checkbook to overpay authors for their work and

5980-441: The magazine merged with Hearst's newly acquired McClure's to form The New Smart Set , under the editorship of Margaret Sangster . Under Sangster, the magazine became a publication targeted towards young women and was given a new subtitle, "The Young Woman's Magazine." However, following the Wall Street Crash of 1929 , the magazine was unable to survive the economic slump. It ceased publication in June 1930. In 1934, nearly half

6072-490: The magazine reached its peak circulation of 165,000. However, due to allegations of blackmail associated with Mann's Town Topics in 1906, The Smart Set' s popularity declined precipitously, immediately losing around 25,000 readers. Dissatisfied with the magazine's direction, Towne resigned his position as editor in 1908 to work with Theodore Dreiser on The Delineator , an American women's magazine. After Towne's departure, Mann stepped up as editor alongside Fred Splint, and

6164-487: The magazine's drama columnist. During his tenure as the Smart Set' s resident theater critic, Jean "would become an extremely influential figure in the New York drama scene." Nathan "matched Mencken in his defiance of conventional mores, his saucy style, [and] his magisterial attitude." Together, the combined criticisms of Mencken and Nathan elevated the substantive content of Mann's magazine to appeal to intellectuals and ensured

6256-428: The magazine's editors and scouts searched America over the course of a year, seeing thousands of men before deciding on James. Cosmopolitan 's November issue features the hottest bachelors from all 50 states. Pictures and profiles of all the bachelors are posted on www.cosmopolitan.com, where readers view and vote for their favorite, narrowing it down to six finalists. A team of Cosmopolitan editors then selects

6348-399: The magazine's editors. Specifically, Cosmopolitan will only endorse candidates that support equal pay laws , legal abortion , free contraceptives , gun control , and oppose voter identification laws . Amy Odell, editor of Cosmopolitan.com, has stated that under no circumstances will the magazine endorse a political candidate that is anti-abortion : "We're not going to endorse someone who

6440-415: The magazine's new editor, D'Utassey reversed the artistic headway that Mencken and Nathan had established for the magazine and changed the subtitle to "True Stories from Real Life." Under D'Utassey the magazine veered away from unconventional literature and satire. Although the content changed, Hearst's promotion of the magazine in other publications caused circulation to increase to 250,000 in 1925. In 1929,

6532-500: The magazine's place in literary history. With The Smart Set in perpetual decline, Mann sold the magazine in Spring 1911 to John Adams Thayer for $ 100,000. Thayer was a self-made millionaire who had "made a personal fortune as a successful advertising manager at the Ladies' Home Journal ." Thayer, who previously pulled the muckraking Everybody's Magazine out of a slump and earned himself

6624-501: The magazine. Under John Brisben Walker's ownership, E. D. Walker, formerly with Harper's Monthly , took over as the new editor, introducing color illustrations, serials and book reviews. It became a leading market for fiction, featuring such authors as Annie Besant , Ambrose Bierce , Willa Cather , Theodore Dreiser , Rudyard Kipling , Jack London , Edith Wharton , and H. G. Wells . The magazine's press run climbed to 100,000 by 1892. In 1897, Cosmopolitan announced plans for

6716-561: The magazine. Brown remodeled and re-invented it as a magazine for modern single career women, completely transforming the magazine into a racy, contentious, and successful magazine. As the editor for 32 years, Brown spent this time using the magazine as an outlet to erase stigma around unmarried women not only having sex, but also enjoying it. Known as a "devout feminist", Brown was often attacked by critics due to her progressive views on women and sex. She believed that women were allowed to enjoy sex without shame in all cases. She died in 2012 at

6808-468: The message that a woman should have men complement her life, not take it over. Enjoying sex without shame was also a message she incorporated in both publications. In Brown's early years as editor, the magazine received heavy criticism. In 1968 at the feminist Miss America protest , protestors symbolically threw a number of feminine products into a "Freedom Trash Can". These included copies of Cosmopolitan and Playboy magazines. Cosmopolitan also ran

6900-555: The most influential—though radically different—journals of the last half of the 20th century were The Kenyon Review ( KR ) and the Partisan Review . The Kenyon Review , edited by John Crowe Ransom , espoused the so-called New Criticism . Its platform was avowedly unpolitical. Although Ransom came from the South and published authors from that region, KR also published many New York–based and international authors. The Partisan Review

6992-648: The other three sections featured two novels and a digest of current non-fiction books. During World War II, sales peaked at 2,000,000. The magazine began to run less fiction during the 1950s. Circulation dropped to slightly over a million by 1955, a time when magazines were overshadowed during the rise of paperbacks and television. The Golden Age of magazines came to an end as mass market , general interest publications gave way to special interest magazines targeting specialized audiences. Cosmopolitan's circulation continued to decline for another decade until Helen Gurley Brown became chief editor in 1965 and radically changed

7084-412: The piece to be a form of treason , Warner demanded that the editors remove it. "I don't give a damn what you thought of him," Warner stormed at Mencken and Nathan, "Harding was our President, after all." In a rage, Warner announced that he would sell the magazine within a year. Warner's removal of the satirical piece marked the end of the editors' carte blanche over the magazine's content, and they sought

7176-999: The pieces in The Best American Short Stories and The Best American Essays annual volumes. SwiftCurrent , created in 1984, was the first online literary magazine. It functioned as more of a database of literary works than a literary publication. In 1995, the Mississippi Review was the first large literary magazine to launch a fully online issue. By 1998, Fence and Timothy McSweeney's Quarterly Concern were published and quickly gained an audience. Around 1996, literary magazines began to appear more regularly online. At first, some writers and readers dismissed online literary magazines as not equal in quality or prestige to their print counterparts, while others said that these were not properly magazines and were instead ezines . Since then, though, many writers and readers have accepted online literary magazines as another step in

7268-435: The ranks of the best society of Europe and America", and he gave his new publication the subtitle "The Magazine of Cleverness." Mann published the first issue of The Smart Set on March 10, 1900, under the editorship of young poet Arthur Grissom, who had also worked on Town Topics . As editor, Grissom created the formula of the magazine that would remain intact throughout the greater part of its existence: 160 pages containing

7360-697: The two men set out to revitalize the magazine and to rebuild its readership. As part of this revitalization, Mann started a monthly book review column and, in 1908, Splint hired the Baltimore newspaperman Henry Louis Mencken to fill the book reviewer position at the suggestion of editorial assistant Norman Boyer. The twenty-eight-year-old Mencken became quite popular with readers as his "oracular, pungent, and racy" book reviews garnered much attention. Using his position as book reviewer for The Smart Set , Mencken would become "America's most important literary and social critic." Soon after, in 1909, George Jean Nathan became

7452-513: The years: Burt Reynolds 1972, Jim Brown 1973, John Davidson 1975, Arnold Schwarzenegger 1977, Scott Brown 1982, David Hasselhoff 1990. Male super-model Tracy James was named Cosmopolitan's 25th Anniversary Centerfold in 1995: his centerfold garnered so much attention that Cosmopolitan printed an extra 500,000 copies to meet demand. Cosmopolitan 's Editor-in-Chief Helen Gurley Brown sat with James for interviews on America's Talking and on Oprah with Oprah Winfrey , on how

7544-913: Was Al-Urwah al-Wuthqa . Among the literary magazines that began in the early part of the 20th century is Poetry magazine. Founded in 1912, it published T. S. Eliot 's first poem, " The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock ". Another was The Bellman , which began publishing in 1906 and ended in 1919, was edited by William Crowell Edgar and was based in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Other important early-20th century literary magazines include The Times Literary Supplement (1902), Southwest Review (1915), Virginia Quarterly Review (1925), World Literature Today (founded in 1927 as Books Abroad before assuming its present name in 1977), Southern Review (1935), and New Letters (1935). The Sewanee Review , although founded in 1892, achieved prominence largely thanks to Allen Tate , who became editor in 1944. Two of

7636-436: Was Towne, previously an editor at Cosmopolitan Magazine . Towne was the magazine's first editor to actively push to publish new literary talents such as James Branch Cabell . He also oversaw a stable of famous contributors such as Jack London , Ambrose Bierce and Theodore Dreiser . Under Towne's editorship, the Smart Set honed its tone and content: "It sometimes relaxed its accent on high society for variety's sake; but

7728-414: Was an attempt to organize the energy of the small presses. Len Fulton, editor and founder of Dustbook Publishing, assembled and published the first real list of these small magazines and their editors in the mid-1970s. This made it possible for poets to pick and choose the publications most amenable to their work and the vitality of these independent publishers was recognized by the larger community, including

7820-420: Was attempting to secretly fund a prototype of a more radical publication with Mencken. As a result, Thayer fired Wright in 1914 and announced an end to the magazine's avant-garde content and a return to more traditional material. By the end of Wright's editorship, however, the magazine was in economic disrepair, and Thayer handed over ownership to Colonel Eugene Crowe in return for forgiveness of debts. Due to

7912-596: Was first associated with the American Communist Party and the John Reed Club ; however, it soon broke ranks with the party. Nevertheless, politics remained central to its character, while it also published significant literature and criticism. The middle-20th century saw a boom in the number of literary magazines, which corresponded with the rise of the small press . Among the important journals which began in this period were Nimbus: A Magazine of Literature,

8004-550: Was launched in May 1973. It continued publication until December 2018 when the licence holder Bauer Media axed the title, stating that it was no longer commercially viable. In 2023 it was reported that Hearst wanted to relaunch Cosmopolitan in Australia. The publication was relaunched in August of 2024. In 1973 there was a merger between Cosmopolitan and the Italian magazine Arianna , published by Mondadori since in 1957, assuming

8096-575: Was originally marketed as a woman's fashion magazine with articles on home, family, and cooking. For some time it focused more on new fiction and written work, which included short stories, novels, and articles. Now it is more targeted towards women's fashion, sports and modern interests. Eventually, editor-in-chief Helen Gurley Brown changed its attention to more of a women's empowerment magazine. Nowadays, its content includes articles discussing relationships, sex, health, careers, self-improvement, celebrities, fashion, horoscopes, and beauty. Cosmopolitan

8188-459: Was published in the October 1918 issue (two years after London's death ), and a constant presence from 1910 to 1918 was Arthur B. Reeve , with 82 stories featuring Craig Kennedy , the "scientific detective". Magazine illustrators included Francis Attwood, Dean Cornwell , Harrison Fisher , and James Montgomery Flagg . Hearst formed Cosmopolitan Productions (also known as Cosmopolitan Pictures),

8280-569: Was serialized, as was his The First Men in the Moon (1900). Olive Schreiner contributed a lengthy two-part article about the Boer War in the September and October issues of 1900. In 1905, William Randolph Hearst purchased the magazine for US$ 400,000 (equivalent to $ 13,564,000 in 2023) and brought in journalist Charles Edward Russell , who contributed a series of investigative articles, including "The Growth of Caste in America" (March 1907), "At

8372-438: Was shortened to Hearst's and was ultimately titled Hearst's International in May 1922. In order to spare serious cutbacks at San Simeon , Hearst merged the magazine Hearst's International with Cosmopolitan effective March 1925. But while the Cosmopolitan title on the cover remained at a typeface of eighty-four points , over time span the typeface of the Hearst's International decreased to thirty-six points and then to

8464-563: Was teaching a literary America that went about on all fours how to walk." In 1900, American Civil War veteran and financier Colonel William d'Alton Mann sought to offer a cultural counterpart to his gossip magazine Town Topics , an infamous publication which he used for political and social gain among New York City's elite. Mann used his Town Topics investigators to gather embarrassing information about wealthy individuals in New York Society and would allow these individuals to suppress

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