Shtora-1 ( Russian : Штора , "curtain") is an electro-optical active protection system or suite for tanks, designed to disrupt the laser designator and laser rangefinders of incoming anti-tank guided missiles (ATGMs). The system is mounted on the Russian T-80 and T-90 series tanks and the Ukrainian T-84 . The existence of Shtora was revealed in 1980 by spy Adolf Tolkachev .
4-629: Shtora-1 is an electro-optical jammer that disrupts semiautomatic command to line of sight ( SACLOS ) ATGMs, laser rangefinders and target designators . Shtora-1 is a soft kill countermeasure system . The system was shown fitted to a Russian main battle tank during the International Defense Exposition, held in Abu Dhabi in 1995. The first known application of the system is the Russian T-90 main battle tank, which entered service in
8-671: The Copperhead and some variants of the Maverick and Hellfire . Newer missiles such as the TOW 2 (which encodes the tracking beacon signals to reject interference) and imaging infrared guided missiles such as the Javelin are unaffected by it. This has resulted in a number of Shtora-1 protected T-90s being lost to such weapons in Syria and Ukraine. The jammers have been removed from many currently serving T-90s and
12-651: The Russian Army in 1993. It is also available on the BMP-3M infantry fighting vehicle. The Shtora-1 has four key components: two electro-optical/infrared (EO/IR) " dazzlers " mounted on both turret cheeks, an infrared jammer , a modulator , and a control panel in the fighting compartment. Shtora-1 has twelve smoke grenade launchers and weighs 400 kg. It can lay a 15 meter high and 20 meter wide smoke screen in three seconds that lasts about twenty seconds at ranges from 50 to 70 meters. The Shtora-1 can also automatically slew
16-451: The main gun towards a detected threat, so that the tank crew can return fire and so that the stronger frontal turret armour is facing it. Shtora-1 can operate in fully automatic or semi-automatic modes, continuously for six hours against ATGM attack. The Shtora-1 can effectively jam obsolete SACLOS missiles such as the TOW , HOT , MILAN , Dragon , and Malyutka and laser guided weapons such as
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