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37-509: Sharpes is a census-designated place (CDP) in Brevard County , Florida . The population was 3,115 at the 2020 United States census , down from 3,411 at the 2010 United States Census . It is part of the Palm Bay – Melbourne – Titusville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area . Sharpes may have been named after William H. Sharpe, part of the board of trustees formed to construct

74-421: A CDP have no legal status and may not always correspond with the local understanding of the area or community with the same name. However, criteria established for the 2010 census require that a CDP name "be one that is recognized and used in daily communication by the residents of the community" (not "a name developed solely for planning or other purposes") and recommend that a CDP's boundaries be mapped based on

111-422: A chain gang to earn credit toward a high school diploma or avoid disciplinary lockdowns for rule infractions. A single ankle shackle with a short length of chain attached to a heavy ball is known as a ball and chain . It limited prisoner movement and impeded escape. Two ankle shackles attached to each other by a short length of chain are known as a hobble or as leg irons . These could be chained to

148-519: A free way for these works to be achieved. The use of chain gangs for prison labor was the preferred method of punishment in some Southern states like Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Virginia, North Carolina, Arkansas, Texas, Mississippi, and Alabama. Abuses in chain gangs led to reform and to their general elimination by 1955. There were still chain gangs in the South in December 1955. Chain gangs experienced

185-461: A household in the CDP was $ 27,692, and the median income for a family was $ 33,825. Males had a median income of $ 27,500 versus $ 19,231 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $ 16,039. About 12.6% of families and 18.7% of the population were below the poverty line , including 16.1% of those under age 18 and 14.8% of those age 65 or over. The Florida Power and Light (FPL) "Cape Canaveral" plant

222-481: A longer length of chain) and leg irons, with both sets of manacles (wrist and ankle) being chained to a belly chain . This form of restraint is most often used on prisoners expected to be violent, or prisoners appearing in a setting where they may be near the public (a courthouse) or have an opportunity to flee (being transferred from a prison to a court). Although prisoners in these restraints are sometimes chained to one another during transport or other movement, this

259-441: A much longer chain with several other prisoners, creating a work crew known as a chain gang . The walk required to avoid tripping while in leg irons is known as the convict shuffle. A group of prisoners working outside prison walls under close supervision, but without chains, is a work gang . Their distinctive attire (stripe wear or orange vests or jumpsuits ) and shaven heads served the purpose of displaying their punishment to

296-455: A population of at least 10,000. For the 1970 Census , the population threshold for "unincorporated places" in urbanized areas was reduced to 5,000. For the 1980 Census , the designation was changed to "census designated places" and the designation was made available for places inside urbanized areas in New England. For the 1990 Census , the population threshold for CDPs in urbanized areas

333-687: A resurgence when Alabama began to use them again in 1995; they still existed in 1997. Several jurisdictions in the United States have re-introduced prison labor. In 1995 Sheriff Joe Arpaio reintroduced chain gangs in Arizona . A year after reintroducing the chain gang in 1995, Alabama was forced to again abandon the practice pending a lawsuit from the Southern Poverty Law Center , among other organizations. The SPLC's attorney, J. Richard Cohen , said, "They realized that chaining them together

370-546: A sheriff and a county court. The jail was formerly located in Titusville, Florida, in the Courthouse complex. In 2013, the jail re-introduced chain gangs as a deterrent on crime in a pilot project. Ex-convict Larry Lawton was critical of this, saying a better use of law enforcement resources would be to combat drug addiction because he says it is a "contributing factor" to criminal activity. The Brevard Correctional Institution

407-451: A total area of 6.3 square miles (16 km), of which 3.0 square miles (7.8 km) is land and 3.3 square miles (8.5 km), or 52.46%, is water. As of the census of 2000, there were 3,415 people, 1,478 households, and 947 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,144.7 inhabitants per square mile (442.0/km). There were 1,680 housing units at an average density of 563.1 per square mile (217.4/km). The racial makeup of

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444-469: Is a group of prisoners chained together to perform menial or physically challenging work as a form of punishment . Such punishment might include repairing buildings, building roads, or clearing land. The system was notably used in the convict era of Australia and in the Southern United States . By 1955 it had largely been phased out in the U.S., with Georgia among the last states to abandon

481-402: Is located here. In 2010, FPL razed its two 45-year-old landmark towers, each 397 feet (121 m), each weighing 7,200 short tons (6,500 t). The destruction of the 1960s-era plant paved the way for U.S.-produced natural gas-fired plants . In 2011, construction was started on $ 1.1 billion gas-fired plants. Up to 600 workers were employed for the construction. The Brevard County Jail Complex

518-733: Is located in Sharpes. It is owned and maintained by the Board of County Commissioners and operated by the Brevard County Sheriff's Office. The jail is accredited through the Florida Corrections Accreditation Commission. The main jail opened in 1986 with beds for 386 inmates. Currently the Jail Complex routinely houses over 1,800 inmates daily with 1,321 permanent inmate beds. There has been a jail as long as there has been

555-538: Is located west of the county jail. Despite its name, it is operated by the state. It was built in 1977. It houses up to 1,000 inmates. It employs 238 people. In 2010, it cost $ 30.8 million to operate. In 2011, it needed $ 6.2 million to repair. The state decided to close it in March 2011. Census-designated place CDPs have been used in each decennial census since 1980 as the counterparts of incorporated places , such as self-governing cities , towns , and villages , for

592-476: Is not a chain gang—although reporters may refer to it as such—because the restraints make any kind of manual work impossible. Various claims as to the purpose of chain gangs have been offered. These include: In the Australian penal colonies , chain gangs were also referred to as "iron gangs". They were used as a punishment for convicts who reoffended after being transported . Iron gangs were frequently employed on

629-643: The 1890 Census , in which the Census mixed unincorporated places with incorporated places in its products with "town" or "village" as its label. This made it confusing to determine which of the "towns" were or were not incorporated. The 1900 through 1930 Censuses did not report data for unincorporated places. For the 1940 Census , the Census Bureau compiled a separate report of unofficial, unincorporated communities of 500 or more people. The Census Bureau officially defined this category as "unincorporated places" in

666-455: The 1950 Census and used that term through the 1970 Census. For the 1950 Census, these types of places were identified only outside " urbanized areas ". In 1960 , the Census Bureau also identified unincorporated places inside urbanized areas (except in New England , whose political geography is based on the New England town , and is distinctly different from other areas of the U.S.), but with

703-596: The City Point Community Church in Cocoa, FL in early 1885. Henry Flagler extended his Florida East Coast Railroad south from Daytona , building a station at Titusville in 1892. Sharpes is located at 28°26′29″N 80°45′40″W  /  28.44139°N 80.76111°W  / 28.44139; -80.76111 (28.441281, -80.761019). According to the United States Census Bureau , the CDP has

740-463: The Mexico–United States border , and unincorporated resort and retirement communities and their environs. The boundaries of any CDP may change from decade to decade, and the Census Bureau may de-establish a CDP after a period of study, then re-establish it some decades later. Most unincorporated areas within the United States are not and have not been included in any CDP. The boundaries of

777-542: The CDP was 91.92% White , 3.54% African American , 0.88% Native American , 0.64% Asian , 0.70% from other races , and 2.31% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.34% of the population. There were 1,478 households, out of which 23.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.8% were married couples living together, 12.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.9% were non-families. 28.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.9% had someone living alone who

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814-417: The Census Bureau considers some towns in New England states, New Jersey and New York as well as townships in some other states as MCDs, even though they are incorporated municipalities in those states. In such states, CDPs may be defined within such towns or spanning the boundaries of multiple towns. There are a number of reasons for the CDP designation: Chain gang A chain gang or road gang

851-484: The boundaries for CDPs. The PSAP was to be offered to county and municipal planning agencies during 2008. The boundaries of such places may be defined in cooperation with local or tribal officials, but are not fixed, and do not affect the status of local government or incorporation; the territories thus defined are strictly statistical entities. CDP boundaries may change from one census to the next to reflect changes in settlement patterns. Further, as statistical entities,

888-419: The boundaries of the CDP may not correspond with local understanding of the area with the same name. Recognized communities may be divided into two or more CDPs while on the other hand, two or more communities may be combined into one CDP. A CDP may also cover the unincorporated part of a named community, where the rest lies within an incorporated place. By defining an area as a CDP, that locality then appears in

925-616: The construction of roads in remote areas where escape was a possibility, such as on the Great North Road from Sydney to the Hunter Valley and the road from Sydney to Bathurst over the Blue Mountains . The leg irons were installed by blacksmiths using hot rivets , and then attached to a single "gang chain" to allow for control by an overseer. The irons and chains could weigh as much as 4.5 kilograms (9.9 lb) or more. Some of

962-538: The convicts on iron gangs were as young as 11 years old. The use of iron gangs in the Colony of New South Wales was expanded by Governor Ralph Darling as part of his infrastructure program. Their tasks included "breaking rocks, clearing trees, [and] constructing stone culverts and bridges". In 1828, the colony's chief surveyor Edmund Lockyer directed that each iron gang could contain up to 60 men, supervised by one main overseer and three assistants. The iron gangs "received

999-788: The geographic extent associated with inhabitants' regular use of the named place. There is no provision, however, that this name recognition be unanimous for all residents, or that all residents use the community for which the CDP is named for services provided therein. There is no mandatory correlation between CDP names or boundaries and those established for other human purposes, such as post office names or zones, political precincts, or school districts. The Census Bureau states that census-designated places are not considered incorporated places and that it includes only census-designated places in its city population list for Hawaii because that state has no incorporated cities. In addition, census city lists from 2007 included Arlington County, Virginia 's CDP in

1036-543: The list with the incorporated places, but since 2010, only the Urban Honolulu CDP, Hawaii, representing the historic core of Honolulu, Hawaii , is shown in the city and town estimates. The Census Bureau reported data for some unincorporated places as early as the first census in 1790 (for example, Louisville, Kentucky , which was not legally incorporated in Kentucky until 1828), though usage continued to develop through

1073-529: The practice. Clallam County, Washington, U.S. still refers to its inmate litter crew as the "Chain Gang." North Carolina continued to use chain gangs into the 1970s. Chain gangs were reintroduced by a few states during the 1990s: In 1995, Alabama was the first state to revive them. The experiment ended after about one year in all states except Arizona , where in Maricopa County inmates can still volunteer for

1110-554: The provincial Liberals which formed another majority government in the subsequent general election. According to their own policies, Britain First (a British far-right political organization) want to re-introduce chain gangs "to provide labour for national public works". This is part of their aim to turn prisons from "cosy holiday camps" into "a place of hard labour". In 2013, Brevard County Jail in Sharpes, Florida reintroduced chain gangs as

1147-678: The public, as well as making them identifiable if they attempted to escape. However, the public was often brutal, swearing at convicts and even throwing things at them. The use of chains could be hazardous. Some of the chains used in the Georgia system in the first half of the 20th century weighed 20 pounds (9 kg). Some prisoners suffered from shackle sores —ulcers where the iron ground against their skin. Gangrene and other infections were serious risks. Falls could imperil several individuals at once. Modern prisoners are sometimes put into handcuffs or wrist manacles (similar to handcuffs, but with

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1184-412: The purposes of gathering and correlating statistical data. CDPs are populated areas that generally include one officially designated but currently unincorporated community, for which the CDP is named, plus surrounding inhabited countryside of varying dimensions and, occasionally, other, smaller unincorporated communities as well. CDPs include small rural communities, edge cities , colonias located along

1221-457: The same category of census data as incorporated places. This distinguishes CDPs from other census classifications, such as minor civil divisions (MCDs), which are in a separate category. The population and demographics of the CDP are included in the data of county subdivisions containing the CDP. Generally, a CDP shall not be defined within the boundaries of what the Census Bureau regards to be an incorporated city, village or borough. However,

1258-509: The worst and least trustworthy characters, together with the strictest security measures". Better-behaved convicts still worked in gangs but were unshackled. Convicts who escaped from iron gangs were described as "bolters" and became some of the first bushrangers . The introduction of chain gangs into the United States began after the American Civil War . The Southern states needed finances and public works to be performed. Prisoners were

1295-451: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.77. In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 21.4% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 24.8% from 45 to 64, and 19.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.8 males. The median income for

1332-555: Was inefficient; that it was unsafe". Alabama Prison Commissioner Ron Jones was fired in 1996 for trying to put female prisoners on chain gangs. However, as late as 2000, Jones had proposed reintroducing the chain gang. In 2011, Tim Hudak , former leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario in Canada , campaigned on introducing penal labour in the province, referred to by many as chain gangs. He lost seats to

1369-477: Was reduced to 2,500. From 1950 through 1990, the Census Bureau specified other population requirements for unincorporated places or CDPs in Alaska , Puerto Rico , island areas, and Native American reservations . Minimum population criteria for CDPs were dropped with the 2000 Census . The Census Bureau's Participant Statistical Areas Program (PSAP) allows designated participants to review and suggest modifications to

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