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26-456: Shahrivar is the third and final month of summer . It is followed by Mehr . The name of the month comes from the Zoroastrian deity Kshatra Vairya . This standards - or measurement -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Iran -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Summer Summer or summertime

52-803: A seasonal lag of half a season or more is common, reckoning based on astronomical markers is shifted half a season. By this method, in North America, summer is the period from the summer solstice (usually 20 or 21 June in the Northern Hemisphere) to the autumn equinox . Reckoning by cultural festivals, the summer season in the United States is traditionally regarded as beginning on Memorial Day weekend (the last weekend in May) and ending on Labor Day (the first Monday in September), more closely in line with

78-555: A little under a half (0.39) degree per day. For observers in either hemisphere not at the poles, the Sun rises and sets more and more to the south during the 3 months following the September equinox. This period is the second half of a 6-month long southerly movement, beginning with the June solstice when the Sun rises and sets at its most northern point. The September equinox marked the first day of

104-749: A minimum in February and March and a peak in early September. In the North Indian basin, storms are most common from April to December, with peaks in May and November. In the Southern Hemisphere , the tropical cyclone season runs from the start of November until the end of April with peaks in mid-February to early March. Thunderstorm season in the United States and Canada runs in the spring through summer but sometimes can run as late as October or even November in

130-518: A seasonal shift in the prevailing winds , it is known as a monsoon. In the northern Atlantic Ocean, a distinct tropical cyclone season occurs from 1 June to 30 November. The statistical peak of the Atlantic hurricane season is 10 September. The Northeast Pacific Ocean has a broader period of activity, but in a similar timeframe to the Atlantic. The Northwest Pacific sees tropical cyclones year-round, with

156-732: A summer vacation in mid-July and resume in the later weeks of September or the first week of October. A wide range of public holidays fall during summer, including: People generally take advantage of the high temperatures by spending more time outdoors during summer. Activities such as travelling to the beach and picnics occur during the summer months. Sports including cricket , association football (soccer), horse racing , basketball , American football , volleyball , skateboarding , baseball , softball , tennis and golf are played. Water sports also occur. These include water skiing , wakeboarding , swimming , surfing , tubing and water polo . The modern Olympics have been held during

182-499: Is associated with the Christmas and New Year holidays. Many families take extended holidays for two or three weeks or longer during summer. In Australia and New Zealand , summer begins on 1 December and ends on 28 February (29 February in leap years). In Chinese astronomy , summer starts on or around 5 May, with the jiéqì ( solar term ) known as lìxià (立夏), i.e. "establishment of summer". Summer ends around 7 August, with

208-696: Is summer in the Northern Hemisphere , it is winter in the Southern Hemisphere , and vice versa. The modern English summer derives from the Middle English somer , via the Old English sumor . From an astronomical view, the equinoxes and solstices would be the middle of the respective seasons, but sometimes astronomical summer is defined as starting at the solstice, the time of maximal insolation , often identified with 21 June or 21 December. By solar reckoning, summer instead starts on May Day and

234-473: Is the hottest and brightest of the four temperate seasons , occurring after spring and before autumn . At or centred on the summer solstice , daylight hours are the longest and darkness hours are the shortest, with day length decreasing as the season progresses after the solstice. The earliest sunrises and latest sunsets also occur near the date of the solstice. The date of the beginning of summer varies according to climate , tradition, and culture. When it

260-568: Is the moment when the Sun appears to cross the celestial equator , heading southward. Because of differences between the calendar year and the tropical year , the September equinox may occur from September 21 to 24. At the equinox, the Sun as viewed from the equator rises due east and sets due west. Before the Southward equinox, the Sun rises and sets more northerly, and afterwards, it rises and sets more southerly. The equinox may be taken to mark

286-592: Is used in countries including Australia , New Zealand , Austria , Denmark , Russia and Japan . It is also used by many people in the United Kingdom and Canada . In Ireland , the summer months according to the national meteorological service, Met Éireann , are June, July and August. By the Irish calendar , summer begins on 1 May ( Beltane ) and ends on 31 July ( Lughnasadh ). Days continue to lengthen from equinox to solstice and summer days progressively shorten after

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312-404: The fall . These storms can produce hail , strong winds and tornadoes , usually during the afternoon and evening. Schools and universities typically have a summer break to take advantage of the warmer weather and longer days. In almost all countries, children are out of school during this time of year for summer break , although dates vary. Many families will take holidays for a week or two over

338-704: The Southern Hemisphere, school summer holiday dates include the major holidays of Christmas and New Year's Day . School summer holidays in Australia, New Zealand and South Africa begin in early December and end in early February, with dates varying between states. In South Africa, the new school year usually starts during the second week of January, thus aligning the academic year with the Calendar year . In India , school ends in late April and resumes in early or mid-June. In Cameroon and Nigeria , schools usually start

364-425: The end of astronomical summer and the beginning of astronomical autumn (autumnal equinox) in the Northern Hemisphere , while marking the end of astronomical winter and the start of astronomical spring (vernal equinox) in the Southern Hemisphere . The September equinox is one point in time commonly used to determine the length of the tropical year . The dates and times of the September equinoxes that occur from

390-419: The equinox, the Sun rises directly in the east and sets directly in the west. However, because of refraction it will usually appear slightly above the horizon at the moment when its "true" middle is rising or setting. For viewers at the north or south poles, it moves virtually horizontally on or above the horizon, not obviously rising or setting apart from the movement in "declination" (and hence altitude) of

416-461: The last day of February. Summer is traditionally associated with hot or warm weather. In Mediterranean climates , it is also associated with dry weather, while in other places (particularly in Eastern Asia because of the monsoon) it is associated with rainy weather. The wet season is the main period of vegetation growth within the savanna climate regime. Where the wet season is associated with

442-423: The meteorological definition for the parts of the country that have four-season weather. The similar Canadian tradition starts summer on Victoria Day one week prior (although summer conditions vary widely across Canada's expansive territory) and ends, as in the United States, on Labour Day . In some Southern Hemisphere countries such as Brazil , Argentina , South Africa , Australia and New Zealand , summer

468-477: The solar term of lìqiū (立秋, "establishment of autumn"). In southern and southeast Asia, where the monsoon occurs, summer is more generally defined as lasting from March, April, May and June, the warmest time of the year, ending with the onset of the monsoon rains . Because the temperature lag is shorter in the oceanic temperate southern hemisphere, most countries in this region use the meteorological definition with summer starting on 1 December and ending on

494-430: The solstice, so meteorological summer encompasses the build-up to the longest day and a diminishing thereafter, with summer having many more hours of daylight than spring. Reckoning by hours of daylight alone, summer solstice marks the midpoint, not the beginning, of the seasons. Midsummer takes place over the shortest night of the year, which is the summer solstice, or on a nearby date that varies with tradition. Where

520-403: The southern hemisphere. Under meteorological definitions, all seasons are arbitrarily set to start at the beginning of a calendar month and end at the end of a month. This meteorological definition of summer also aligns with the commonly viewed notion of summer as the season with the longest (and warmest) days of the year, in which daylight predominates. The meteorological reckoning of seasons

546-523: The summer holiday begins in late June and ends in mid-to-late August. Similarly, in Canada the summer holiday starts on the last or second-last Friday in June and ends in late August or on the first Tuesday of September, with the exception of when that date falls before Labour Day , in which case, ends on the second Tuesday of the month. In Russia , the summer holiday begins at the end of May and ends on 31 August. In

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572-520: The summer months every four years since 1896. The 2000 Summer Olympics , in Sydney , were held in spring and the 2016 Summer Olympics , in Rio de Janeiro , were held in winter . In the United States, many television shows made for children are released during the summer, as children are off school. Conversely, the music and film industries generally experience higher returns during the summer than other times of

598-402: The summer solstice is Midsummer . A variable seasonal lag means that the meteorological centre of the season, which is based on average temperature patterns, occurs several weeks after the time of maximal insolation. The meteorological convention defines summer as comprising the months of June, July, and August in the northern hemisphere and the months of December, January, and February in

624-580: The summer, particularly in Southern Hemisphere Western countries with statutory Christmas and New Year holidays. In the United States, public schools usually end in late May in Memorial Day weekend, while colleges finish in early May. Public school traditionally resumes near Labor Day, while higher institutions often resume in mid-August. In England and Wales , school ends in mid-July and resumes again in early September. In Scotland ,

650-521: The year 2018 to 2028 (UTC) are listed as follows: The point where the Sun crosses the celestial equator southwards is called the First Point of Libra . However, because of the precession of the equinoxes , this point is no longer in the constellation Libra , but rather in Virgo . The solar point of the September equinox passed from Libra and into Virgo in −729 (730 BCE) and will enter Leo in 2439. At

676-569: The year and market their summer hits accordingly. Summer is popular for animated movies to be released theatrically in movie theaters . With many schools closed, especially in Western countries, travel and vacationing tend to peak during the summer. Teenagers and university students often take summer jobs , and business activity for the recreation, tourism, restaurant, and retail industries reach their peak. Autumn equinox (Northern Hemisphere) The September equinox (or southward equinox )

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