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35-616: [REDACTED] Look up semi-automatic in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Semi-automatic - Noun : "Partially automatic and partially manual in operation (i.e., operated both automatically and manually, by hand); not fully-automatic ." This may refer to : A semi-automatic firearm , a firearm which automatically loads the next round, but will only fire one round per trigger pull Semi-automatic rifle Semi-automatic pistol Semi-automatic shotgun Semiautomatic switching system ,

70-609: A bayonet and could be loaded with ten rounds, using a stripper clip . However, the SKS was quickly replaced by the AK-47 , produced at around the same time, but with a 30-round magazine, and select fire capability. The SKS was the first widely issued weapon to use the 7.62×39mm cartridge. There are semi-automatic pistols , rifles , and shotguns designed and made as semi-automatic only. Selective-fire firearms are capable of both full automatic and semi-automatic modes. Semi-automatic refers to

105-701: A charger or charger clip , especially in Commonwealth English military vocabulary) is a speedloader that holds several cartridges (usually between 5 and 10) together in a single unit for easier and faster loading of a firearm magazine . Stripper clips were originally employed in infantry bolt-action rifles, such as the Russian Mosin–Nagant , the British Lee–Enfield , and the German Mauser Model 1889 , Gewehr 98 , and its variant

140-1002: A closed bolt when semi-automatic is selected. Many jurisdictions regulate some or all semi-automatic firearms differently than other types. Various types of semi-automatic weapons were restricted for civilian use in New Zealand after the 2019 Christchurch mosque shootings , in Australia after the Port Arthur massacre , in Norway after the 2011 Utøya shooting . In the United States, the Federal Assault Weapons Ban prohibited semi-automatic weapons with certain additional characteristics, from 1994 to 2004. As of 2023, several U.S. states still restrict similar types of semi-automatic weapons. Stripper clip A stripper clip (also known as

175-410: A firearm that uses the force of recoil or gas to eject the empty case and load a fresh cartridge into the firing chamber for the next shot and which allows repeat shots solely through the action of pulling the trigger. A double-action revolver also requires only a trigger pull for each round that is fired but is not considered semi-automatic since the manual action of pulling the trigger is what advances

210-467: A new design to speeding-up re-armament with existing weapons. The Soviet Union and Nazi Germany would both issue successful self-loading and selective-fire rifles on a large scale during the course of the war, but not in sufficient numbers to replace their standard bolt-action rifles. In 1937, the American M1 Garand was the first semi-automatic rifle to replace its nation's bolt-action rifle as

245-453: A round must first be chambered manually before the weapon can fire. When the trigger is pulled, only the hammer and firing pin move, striking and firing the cartridge. The bolt then recoils far enough rearward to extract and load a new cartridge from the magazine into the firearm's chamber, ready to fire again once the trigger is pulled. An open-bolt mechanism is a common characteristic of fully automatic firearms. With this system, pulling

280-413: A rule, difficult or impossible to top-up to their maximum capacity again with additional cartridges as the remaining rounds must be either fired or ejected before a new fully loaded en bloc clip can be loaded, which is generally easy with stripper-clip loading weapons. Stripper clips were originally employed in infantry bolt-action rifles, such as the Russian Mosin–Nagant , the British Lee–Enfield , and

315-418: A semi-automatic handgun. However, to avoid confusion, the term "automatic rifle" is generally, conventionally, and best restricted to a rifle capable of fully automatic fire. Both uses of the term "automatic" can be found; the exact meaning must be determined from context. The mechanism of semi-automatic (or autoloading) firearms is usually what is known as a closed-bolt firing system. In a closed-bolt system,

350-475: A term used in telecommunication Semi-automatic transmission : a manual transmission with an automated clutch (i.e., no physical clutch pedal), but the driver is still required to shift gears manually. Also called: clutchless manual transmission or automated manual transmission . "Semi-Automatic", a song from Twenty One Pilots' 2013 album Vessel Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

385-436: Is common to refer to such firearms as an "autoloader" in reference to their loading mechanism. The term "automatic pistol" almost exclusively refers to a semi-automatic (i.e. not fully automatic) pistol (fully automatic pistols are usually referred to as machine pistols ). With handguns, the term "automatic" is commonly used to distinguish semi-automatic pistols from revolvers. The term "auto-loader" may also be used to describe

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420-463: Is loaded into the magazine and all of the remaining rounds must be either fired or ejected before being another full en bloc clip can be loaded. A device practically identical to a modern stripper clip was patented by inventor and treasurer of United States Cartridge Company De Witt C. Farrington in 1878, while a rarer type of the clip now known as Swiss-type (after the Schmidt–Rubin ) frame charger

455-617: The Karabiner 98k , the related American M1903 Springfield and M1917 Enfield , Swiss K31 , and many others. Stripper clips were also employed in newer, semi-automatic rifles with internal box magazines, such as the Soviet SKS and the Egyptian Hakim Rifle . Semi and full automatic firearms using both stripper feed inserts and detatchable box magazines are the Canadian (FNC1A1) version of

490-580: The L1A1 self-loading rifle , the US OA-96 carbine and T48 rifles and the Chinese Type 63 and Type 81 assault rifles . Currently, they are used to top off detachable box magazines for semi-automatic and automatic rifles. A magazine loader is placed on the lip of the box magazine, the clip is placed inside the loader, and then the rounds are pushed into the magazine. It is called a "stripper" clip because, after

525-543: The M1 Garand being a notable example. Modern service rifles such as the M4 carbine are often selective-fire, capable of semi-automatic and automatic or burst-fire operation. Civilian variants such as the AR-15 are generally semi-automatic only. The first successful design for a semi-automatic rifle is attributed to Austria -born gunsmith Ferdinand Ritter von Mannlicher , who unveiled

560-438: The M1 Garand , M1891 Carcano , and Mannlicher M1895 , are designed to be inserted into the magazine itself, essentially forming part of the loaded working magazine. They are faster to use but more expensive to produce then more common Farrington-type chargers, and become unreliable if used many times (hence they are designed for single use). Moreover, once some but not all rounds have been fired, en bloc clip format guns are, as

595-573: The Mosin-Nagant as their standard service rifle), as well as the German Gewehr 43 , were semi-automatic gas-operated rifles issued during World War II . In practice, they did not replace the bolt-action rifle as a standard infantry weapon. Another gas-operated semi-automatic rifle developed toward the end of World War II was the SKS . Designed by Sergei Gavrilovich Simonov in 1945, it came equipped with

630-639: The Auto-5 ended in 1998. In 1903 and 1905, the Winchester Repeating Arms Company introduced the first semi-automatic rimfire and centerfire rifles designed especially for the civilian market. The Winchester Model 1903 and Winchester Model 1905 operated on the principle of blowback in order to function semi-automatically. Designed entirely by T. C. Johnson , the Model 1903 achieved commercial success and continued to be manufactured until 1932 when

665-760: The German Gewehr 98 and its variant the Mauser K98k , the related US M1903 Springfield and many others. Stripper clips were also employed in newer, semi-automatic rifles with internal box magazines, such as the Soviet SKS and Egyptian Hakim Rifle . Many early semi-automatic pistols also used stripper clips to reload, including the Mannlicher M1894 , the Roth–Steyr M1907 , and the Mauser C96 . In modern use, strippers are used to fill detachable box magazines for semi-automatic and automatic rifles. A magazine loader

700-631: The M1894 by a stripper clip . In 1902, American gunsmith John Moses Browning developed the first successful semi-automatic shotgun , the Browning Auto-5 , which was first manufactured by Fabrique Nationale de Herstal and sold in America under the Browning name. The Auto-5 relied on long recoil operation ; this design remained the dominant form in semi-automatic shotguns for approximately 50 years. Production of

735-598: The Models of 1905 and 1907 saw limited military and police use. In 1906, Remington Arms introduced the Remington Auto-loading Repeating Rifle . Remington advertised this rifle, renamed the "Model 8" in 1911, as a sporting rifle. This is a locked-breech, long recoil action designed by John Browning . The rifle was offered in .25, .30, .32, and .35 caliber models, and gained popularity among civilians as well as some law enforcement officials who appreciated

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770-577: The Winchester Model 63 replaced it. By the early 20th century, several manufacturers had introduced semi-automatic .22 sporting rifles, including Winchester , Remington , Fabrique Nationale and Savage Arms , all using the direct blow-back system of operation. Winchester introduced a medium caliber semi-automatic sporting rifle, the Model 1907 as an upgrade to the Model 1905, utilizing a blowback system of operation, in calibers such as .351 Winchester . Both

805-603: The bolt is opened and the stripper clip is placed in position (generally by placing it in a slot on either the receiver or bolt ), the user presses on the cartridges from above, sliding them into the magazine and stripping them off the clip. Depending on the firearm, magazine, and cartridge, stripper clips come in a variety of shapes, some are quite complex, though most are either straight or crescent-shaped pieces of stamped metal—usually brass, steel (often blued , parkerized ), or plastic. Stripper clips differ from en bloc clips in that they are not designed to be inserted into

840-506: The combination of a semi-automatic action and relatively powerful rifle cartridges. The Model 81 superseded the Model 8 in 1936 and was offered in .300 Savage as well as the original Remington calibers. The first semi-automatic rifle adopted and widely issued by a major military power ( France ) was the Fusil Automatique Modele 1917 . This is a locked-breech, gas-operated action that is very similar in its mechanical principles to

875-436: The cylinder, not the energy of the preceding shot. The usage of the term automatic may vary according to context. Gun specialists point out that the word automatic is sometimes misunderstood to mean fully automatic fire when used to refer to a self-loading, semi-automatic firearm not capable of fully automatic fire. In this case, automatic refers to the loading mechanism, not the firing capability. To avoid confusion, it

910-467: The design in 1885. The Model 85 was followed by the equally innovative Mannlicher Models 91, 93 and 95 semi-automatic rifles. Although Mannlicher earned his reputation with his bolt-action rifle designs, he also produced a few semi-automatic pistols, including the Steyr Mannlicher M1894 , which employed an unusual blow-forward action and held five rounds of 6.5mm ammunition that were fed into

945-480: The first successful design for a semi-automatic rifle in 1885, and by the early 20th century, many manufacturers had introduced semi-automatic shotguns , rifles and pistols . In military use, the semi-automatic M1911 handgun was adopted by the United States Army in 1911, and subsequently by many other nations. Semi-automatic rifles did not see widespread military adoption until just prior to World War II ,

980-526: The future M1 Garand in the United States. The M1917 was fielded during the latter stages of World War I but it did not receive a favorable reception. However, its shortened and improved version, the Model 1918, was much more favourably received during the Moroccan Rif War from 1920 to 1926. The Lebel bolt-action rifle remained the standard French infantry rifle until replaced in 1936 by the MAS-36 despite

1015-697: The standard-issue infantry weapon. The gas-operated M1 Garand was developed by Canadian-born John Garand for the U.S. government at the Springfield Armory in Springfield, Massachusetts . After years of research and testing, the first production model of the M1 Garand was unveiled in 1937. During World War II , the M1 Garand gave American infantrymen an advantage over their opponents, most of whom were issued slower firing bolt-action rifles. The Soviet AVS-36 , SVT-38 and SVT-40 (originally intended to replace

1050-512: The title Semi-automatic . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semi-automatic&oldid=1225469521 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Semi-automatic firearm Ferdinand Ritter von Mannlicher produced

1085-430: The trigger releases the bolt from a cocked, rearward position, pushing a cartridge from the magazine into the chamber, firing the gun. The bolt retracts to the rearward position, ready to strip the next cartridge from the magazine. The open-bolt system is often used in submachine guns and other weapons with a high rate of fire. It is rarely used in semi-automatic-only firearms, which can fire only one shot with each pull of

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1120-465: The trigger. The closed-bolt system is generally more accurate, as the centre of gravity changes relatively little at the moment the trigger is pulled. With fully automatic weapons, the open-bolt operation allows air to circulate, cooling the barrel. With semi-automatic firearms, the closed-bolt operation is preferred, as overheating is not as critical, and accuracy is preferred. Some select-fire military weapons use an open bolt in fully automatic mode and

1155-543: The various semi-automatic rifles designed between 1918 and 1935. Other nations experimented with self-loading rifles between the two World Wars, including the United Kingdom , which had intended to replace the bolt-action Lee–Enfield with a self-loader, possibly chambered for sub-caliber ammunition, but discarded that plan as the imminence of the Second World War and the emphasis shifted from replacing every rifle with

1190-426: The weapon itself, but only to load it or its magazine. After the magazine is loaded, the stripper clip is removed and set aside for reloading, or simply discarded during combat. On the other hand, en bloc clips are loaded inside the weapon while shooting. Generally, a weapon that can use a stripper clip for loading can also be loaded one round at a time, while a weapon designed for an en bloc clip can only be used when it

1225-423: Was patented in 1886 by Louis P. Diss of Remington Arms . The former was not adopted on a military rifle until 1889 (on Mauser Model 1889 ) and the latter until 1887 (on Vetterli-Vitali M1870/87 ). A different device known as the en bloc clip has been used since the mid to late 1880s ( Mannlicher M1886 ). Stripper clips are intended purely to load ammunition into the magazine , while en bloc clips, as used in

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