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59-413: Seinäjoki is located 80 kilometres (50 mi) east of Vaasa , 178 kilometres (111 mi) north of Tampere , 193 kilometres (120 mi) west of Jyväskylä and 324 kilometres (201 mi) southwest of Oulu . Seinäjoki originated around the Östermyra bruk iron and gunpowder factories founded in 1798. Seinäjoki became a municipality in 1868, a market town in 1931, and a town in 1960. In 2005,

118-468: A clear majority of Swedish speakers . As a result, the Swedish language maintains a strong position in the city, making it the most significant cultural center for Swedish-Finns . Vaasa is also home to Tropiclandia Water Park, located on Vaskiluoto Island adjacent to a local spa hotel . The now disassembled Wasalandia Amusement Park , which ceased operations in 2015 due to a small number of visitors,

177-452: A careless visitor from Vörå fell asleep in Aurén's barn and dropped his pipe in the dry hay. The new town of Nikolaistad ( Finnish : Nikolainkaupunki ), named after the late Tsar Nicholas I , rose in 1862 about seven kilometres (4.3 miles) to the northwest from the old town. The town's coastal location offered good conditions for seafaring. The town plan was planned by Carl Axel Setterberg in

236-727: A consequence of the occupation of central places and arresting of politicians in Helsinki the Senate decided to move the senators to Vaasa, where the White Guards that supported the Senate had a strong position and the contacts to the West were good. The Senate of Finland began its work in Vaasa on 1 February 1918, and it had four members. The Senate held its sessions in the Town Hall. To express its gratitude to

295-409: A gunpowder storage and the buildings of the Vaasa provincial hospital (nowadays a psychiatric hospital) also survived the blaze. The ruins of the greystone church, the belfry , the town hall and the trivial school can still be found in their original places. Much of the archived material concerning Vaasa and its inhabitants was destroyed in the fire. According to popular belief, the fire got started when

354-469: A migrant background living in Vaasa, or 12.4% of the population. The number of residents who were born abroad was 8,564, or 12.4% of the population. The number of persons with foreign citizenship living in Vaasa was 5,886. Most foreign-born citizens came from the Sweden , former Soviet Union , Vietnam and Iraq . The relative share of immigrants in Vaasa's population is above the national average. Moreover,

413-401: A seasonal delay of spring and summer at the same time that autumn and winter are affected late. The average annual temperature is 4.7 °C (normal from 1991 to 2020). The low Ostrobothnia usually receives little snow but the contact of cold air with warmer and humid air can generate heavy snowfall. Early summer (as well as spring) tends to be drier and the wettest month does not coincide with

472-409: A victorious White soldier, was erected in the town square. The language conditions in the city shifted in the 1930s, and the majority became Finnish-speaking. Therefore, the primary name also changed from "Vasa" to "Vaasa", according to Finnish spelling. Post-war, Vaasa was industrialized, led by the electronics manufacturer Strömberg , later merged into ABB . In 2013 the municipality of Vähäkyrö

531-563: Is a city in Finland and the regional capital of Ostrobothnia . It is located on the west coast of the country, on the Gulf of Bothnia . The population of Vaasa is approximately 70,000, while the sub-region has a population of approximately 111,000. It is the 14th most populous municipality in Finland, and the tenth most populous urban area in the country. Vaasa was granted its charter in 1606, during

590-490: Is a town and municipality in Finland . It is located in the Southern Ostrobothnia region . The population of Kurikka is 19,515 (31 October 2024) and the municipality covers an area of 1,724.62 km (665.88 sq mi) of which 7.79 km (3.01 sq mi) is inland water (1 January 2018). The population density is 11.32/km (29.3/sq mi). The municipality is unilingually Finnish . Kurikka

649-434: Is a popular rock club, wherein almost every weekend some Finnish or international artists perform. In Seinäjoki there are also several other bars and clubs offering live music and other entertainment. The city theatre of Seinäjoki has a wide, quality program throughout the year, offering plays for everyone. The city orchestra of Seinäjoki performs many concerts in the area and has had many tours in Finland and abroad. Seinäjoki

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708-440: Is a university ( University of Vaasa ), faculties of Åbo Akademi and Hanken , and two universities of applied sciences in the town. Many workers commute from Korsholm , Laihia , and other municipalities nearby. The Vaskiluoto power stations complex is situated on the island of Vaskiluoto , supplying electricity to the national grid as well as district heat to the city. The multi-use cargo and passenger Port of Vaasa

767-484: Is also a relatively short distance from Sweden to Vaasa. The tourist route called Blue Highway also runs from the port of Vaasa and through the city. In 1962–1964, other Finnish cities introduced regional speed limits of 50 km/h, but in Vaasa the limit was 60 km/h for a long time. Vaasa Airport is located about nine kilometers southeast of the city center. Finnair and Scandinavian Airlines operate from Vaasa Airport, but Norwegian Air Shuttle terminated

826-521: Is below the national average. Population by mother tongue (2023) Seinäjoki is a monolingual Finnish-speaking municipality. The majority of the population - 63,023 people or 95.3% - speak Finnish as their first language. In Seinäjoki, 152 people, or 0.2% of the population, speak Swedish . 4.5% of the population of Seinäjoki have a mother tongue other than Finnish or Swedish. As English and Swedish are compulsory school subjects, functional bilingualism or trilingualism acquired through language studies

885-477: Is home to a big number of sports clubs, such as SJK Seinäjoki , a professional football team that competes in the Finnish Veikkausliiga . SJK is one of the top football teams in Finland and it plays in the brand new OmaSp Stadion . Seinäjoki is also home to Seinäjoki Crocodiles , an American football team. Seinäjoki Speedway track is a motorcycle speedway venue located on the south east outskirts of

944-938: Is located in Vaskiluoto, connecting Vaasa with Umeå , Sweden, and destinations further afield. The film production company Future Film has its head office in Vaasa. Kotipizza has its head office in the Vaskiluodon Satamaterminaali . Main roads, including highway 3 ( E12 ) and highway 8 ( E8 ), connect Vaasa to Helsinki , Tampere , Oulu , Pori , Jyväskylä , Kokkola and Seinäjoki . There are 419 kilometres (260 mi) from Helsinki to Vaasa, 330 kilometres (210 mi) from Turku , 244 kilometres (152 mi) from Tampere, 319 kilometres (198 mi) from Oulu, 121 kilometres (75 mi) from Kokkola, 99 kilometres (62 mi) from Jakobstad , 193 kilometres (120 mi) from Pori, 83 kilometres (52 mi) from Lapua and 78 kilometres (48 mi) from Seinäjoki. It

1003-523: Is not uncommon. At least 30 different languages are spoken in Seinäjoki. The most common foreign languages are Ukrainian (0.6%), Russian (0.5%), English (0.3%), Arabic (0.3%) and Estonian (0.3%). As of 2023, there were 3,036 persons with a migrant background living in Seinäjoki, or 4.6% of the population. The number of residents who were born abroad was 3,180, or 4.8% of the population. The number of persons with foreign citizenship living in Seinäjoki

1062-752: Is one of the largest shareholders in the Finnish energy giant Fortum as well as in Neste Oil , one of Northern Europe's biggest oil companies. The political scene of the town is dominated by the Finnish Centre because of the agricultural roots and past of the town. The municipality of Jurva was consolidated to Kurikka on 1 January 2009 and the municipality of Jalasjärvi on 1 January 2016. Finnish national roads 67 , 3 (European Highway E12 ) and 19 run through Kurikka. The Suupohja railway from Seinäjoki to Kaskinen runs through Kurikka. Passenger transport on

1121-507: Is the local higher education institution, that also pursues an international profile. Seinäjoki is twinned with: [REDACTED] Media related to Seinäjoki at Wikimedia Commons Vaasa Vaasa ( Finnish: [ˈʋɑːsɑ] ; Swedish : Vasa , Finland Swedish: [ˈvɑːsɑ] , Sweden Swedish: [ˈvɑ̂ːsa] ), in the years 1855–1917 known as Nikolainkaupunki , ( Swedish : Nikolajstad ; lit.   ' city of Nicholas ' )

1180-457: Is the sixth largest city in the country. Also Seinäjoki has a nationally and internationally significant food production and R&D industry. Headquartered in Seinäjoki food company Atria Corporation 's net sales in 2009 were EUR 1316 million and it employed an average of 6,214 persons in several countries. According to a study published by the Economic Survey at the end of 2018, Seinäjoki has

1239-585: The Empire style . In the master plan the disastrous consequences of the fire were considered. Main streets in the new town were five broad avenues which divided the town into sections. Each block was divided by alleys. The town was promptly renamed Vasa (Vaasa) after the Tsar Nicholas II was overthrown in 1917. During the Finnish Civil War , Vaasa was the capital of Finland from 29 January to 3 May 1918. As

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1298-453: The Gulf of Bothnia in the Vaasa area. The most significant road connections in Seinäjoki are highways 16 , 18 (between cities of Vaasa and Jyväskylä ), 19 and 67 . The city of Seinäjoki has 66,556 inhabitants, making it the 16th most populous municipality in Finland. The Seinäjoki region has a population of 131,887. In Seinäjoki, 4.6% of the population has a foreign background, which

1357-522: The Hanken School of Economics headquartered in Helsinki . Unique to Vaasa is the Finland-Swedish teachers training school Vasa övningsskola , part of Åbo Akademi. The University of Helsinki also has a small unit, specialized in law studies, in the city centre. The city has two universities of applied sciences: Vaasa University of Applied Sciences (former Vaasa Polytechnic) , located right next to

1416-510: The Treaty of Fredrikshamn (17 September 1809) Sweden lost the whole eastern part of its realm. Vaasa would now become a part of the newly formed Grand Duchy of Finland within the Russian Empire . The mainly wooden and densely built town was almost utterly destroyed in 1852. A fire started in a barn belonging to district court judge J. F. Aurén on the morning of 3 August. At noon the whole town

1475-503: The 1370s the building of the fortress at Korsholm , Crysseborgh, was undertaken, and served as an administrative centre of the Vasa County . King Charles IX of Sweden founded the town of Mustasaari/Mussor on 2 October 1606, around the oldest harbour and trade point around the Korsholm church approximately seven kilometres (4.3 miles) to the southeast from the present city. In 1611, the town

1534-493: The 14th most populous municipality in Finland. The Vaasa region has a population of 111,382. In Vaasa, 12.4% of the population has a foreign background, which is above the national average. Population by mother tongue (2023) The city of Vaasa is officially bilingual , with both Finnish and Swedish as official languages. The majority of the population - 44,621 people or 64.7% - speak Finnish as their first language. There are 16,017 Swedish speakers in Vaasa, or 23.2% of

1593-515: The 18th century the roads from Seinäjoki to the Church of Ilmajoki were generally in poor condition. Therefore, the inhabitants of Seinäjoki and the neighbouring Nurmo built a new chapel together in 1725, which in 1765 led to the formation of the chapel town of Nurmo. Seinäjoki, which was called Alaseinäjoki since the Greater Wrath , became a part of the chapel town. The chapel parish of Peräseinäjoki

1652-407: The Swedish colonel Johan Bergenstråhle was sent with 1,500 troops and four cannons to free Vaasa from the 1,700 Russian troops who were led by generalmajor Nikolay Demidov. The Battle of Vaasa started with the Swedish force disembarking north of Vaasa in Österhankmo and advancing all the way to the city where they attacked with 1,100 troops, as some had to be left behind to secure the flank. There

1711-562: The University of Vaasa, and Novia University of Applied Sciences (former Swedish University of Applied Sciences). City has about 13,000 university students and about 4,000 vocational school students. As of 2006 , Vaasa has town twinning treaties or treaties of cooperation signed with the following ten cities: ^1 Godfather Town ^2 Twin Town ^3 Cooperation Treaty ^4 Sister City Kurikka Kurikka

1770-607: The Vaasa–Helsinki route on 10 January 2020. There is scheduled traffic from Vaasa Airport to Helsinki (flight time 45 min) and Stockholm (flight time 1 h 5 min). Vaasa has three universities. The largest one is the University of Vaasa , which is located in the neighbourhood of Palosaari. Palosaari is a peninsula near the center of Vaasa, connected to it by bridges. The other two universities are Åbo Akademi , headquartered in Turku , and

1829-529: The area of the present Seinäjoki during the first half of the 16th century. During the 1550s, there is said to have been three houses in Seinäjoki: the houses of Marttila, Jouppi and Uppa. The house of Jouppila, which separated from the house of Jouppi, was established during the same century. All of the houses were located on the shore of the river. Seinäjoki belonged to the church parish of Ilmajoki like Kurikka , Kauhajoki , Jalasjärvi and Alavus . However, in

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1888-502: The best image among corporate leaders among the 36 largest Finnish cities and municipalities. The survey had asked the CEOs and CFOs of companies operating in the area about the municipality's affairs. Seinäjoki also is well known for having a large number of SME's and a big number of shops for its size. One of the most important shopping places in Seinäjoki is the Torikeskus shopping mall in

1947-422: The city center. There are many kinds of cultural events in Seinäjoki nowadays. For example, Seinäjoki is known for hosting three large summer events: Tangomarkkinat , which is a tango festival typically attracting more than 100,000 visitors annually, Vauhtiajot , which is a motor racing event/music festival, and Provinssirock , which is one of the largest and oldest rock festivals in Finland. Rytmikorjaamo

2006-566: The city's new residents are increasingly of foreign origin. This will increase the proportion of foreign residents in the coming years. In 2023, the Evangelical Lutheran Church was the largest religious group with 65.0% of the population of Vaasa. Other religious groups accounted for 2.4% of the population. 32.6% of the population had no religious affiliation. Vaasa is generally speaking an industrial town, with several industrial parks. Industry comprises one-fourth of jobs. There

2065-743: The city, off the Routakalliontie road by the quarry. The track held a qualifying round of the Speedway World Team Cup in 1992 and has held the final of the Finnish Individual Speedway Championship on 11 occasions from 1986 to 2020. Seinäjoen JymyJussit and Seinäjoen Maila-Jussit are the city's men's and women's pesäpallo teams respectively in the Superpesis national league, playing at Seinäjoki Pesäpallo Stadium . Seinäjoki University of Applied Sciences (SeAMK)

2124-408: The largest religious group with 76.7% of the population of Seinäjoki. Other religious groups accounted for 2.1% of the population. 21.2% of the population had no religious affiliation. Nordic Regional Airlines has its financial office in Seinäjoki. Its predecessor, Finncomm Airlines , had its head office on the grounds of Seinäjoki Airport in nearby Ilmajoki . In terms of market area, Seinäjoki

2183-491: The latitude, similar to the south of Alaska , where continentality, proximity to the poles and moderation intersect. The Föhn wind , for example, passes over the Scandinavian Mountains and leaves a milder and drier weather in the lee of the mountains where Vaasa is found, affecting especially in the winter which explains sunny days even in the season of short solar duration. The location of some sea distance gives

2242-442: The municipality of Peräseinäjoki was merged into Seinäjoki, and at the start of 2009, the neighbouring municipalities of Nurmo and Ylistaro were amalgamated with Seinäjoki. The city itself is growing steadily from year to year, but the population of the surrounding municipalities is correspondingly decreasing. The city hall , city library, Lakeuden Risti Church and other public buildings were designed by Alvar Aalto. Seinäjoki

2301-474: The name of the surrounding mostly rural municipality, which since 1973 surrounds the city. The city was known as Vasa between 1606 and 1855, Nikolajstad (Swedish) and Nikolainkaupunki (Finnish) between 1855 and 1917, named after the then late Czar Nicholas I of Russia , Vasa (Swedish) and Vaasa (Finnish) after the February Revolution , with the Finnish spelling of the name being

2360-482: The north, Lapua in the northeast, Kuortane and Alavus in the east, Virrat and Kihniö in the south, Ilmajoki and Kurikka in the west and Isokyrö in the northwest. The proportion of water in the Seinäjoki landscape is small. Seinäjoki River flows through the city in a south-east-northwest direction and turns at the northern border of the city center, connecting with the Kyrönjoki River , which flows into

2419-458: The petition from the inhabitants of Seinäjoki in 1863, to form a chapel congregation of their own. Seinäjoki got an independent local government in 1868. In 1900, Seinäjoki became an independent municipality. Seinäjoki has grown around a few important railroad crossings. The Tampere – Vaasa railway, which passes through Seinäjoki, was inaugurated in 1883. The track, along with the Kokkola track that

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2478-506: The population. 12.1% of the population of Vaasa have a mother tongue other than Finnish or Swedish. As English and Swedish - or Finnish for Swedish speakers - are compulsory school subjects, functional bilingualism or trilingualism acquired through language studies is not uncommon. At least 50 different languages are spoken in Vaasa. The most common foreign languages are Arabic (1.1%), Russian (0.9%), English (0.9%) and Ukrainian (0.7%). As of 2023 , there were 8,564 persons with

2537-404: The primary one from around 1930 when Finnish speakers became the majority in the city. The history of Korsholm and also of Vaasa begins in the 14th century, when seafarers from the coastal region in central Sweden disembarked at the present Old Vaasa, and the wasteland owners from Southwest Finland came to guard their land. In the middle of the century, Saint Mary's Church was built, and in

2596-473: The region. On 30 June the Russian forces withdrew from Vaasa, and all officials that had pledged allegiance to Russia were discharged, and some were assaulted by locals. On 13 September the Russian forces returned and on the next day the decisive Battle of Oravais , which was won by Russia, was fought some 50 kilometres (30 mi) further north. By winter 1808, the Russian forces had overrun all of Finland, and in

2655-508: The reign of Charles IX of Sweden , and is named after the Royal House of Vasa . The city is renowned as a significant university and college city in Finland. Vaasa is a bilingual municipality with Finnish and Swedish as its official languages. The population consists of 65% Finnish speakers, 23% Swedish speakers, and 12% speakers of other languages. The municipalities surrounding Ostrobothnia, such as Korsholm and Malax , have

2714-483: The town the Senate gave Vaasa the right to add the Cross of Freedom, independent Finland's oldest mark of honour designed by Akseli Gallen-Kallela , to its coat of arms , to the town's coat of arms. The coat of arms is unusual not only in this respect, but also because of its non-standard shape and a crown are included. Because of its role in the civil war, Vaasa became known as "The White City". A Statue of Freedom, depicting

2773-505: The warmer month. End of April is usually the growing season with 250–300 mm approximately. The maritime breeze explains the difference in temperature, distribution of precipitation and sunshine, different from the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Bothnia brings the sea wind in places further distant about 50 km from the coast. The city gets more sun than inland places, although current log are unavailable. The highest ever recorded temperature

2832-401: Was 2,211. Most foreign-born citizens came from the Sweden , Thailand , Estonia and former Soviet Union . The relative share of immigrants in Seinäjoki's population is below to the national average. However, the city's new residents are increasingly of foreign origin. This will increase the proportion of foreign residents in the coming years. In 2023, the Evangelical Lutheran Church was

2891-484: Was 32.2 °C (89.6 °F), on 18 July 2018, although a record of 33.7 °C (92.7 °F) was recorded in the city center the same day, which in fact was the hottest day of Finland in 2018 by slightly edging a temperature recorded in Turku Artukainen of 33.6 °C (92.5 °F), also on 18 July 2018, making it the highest temperature ever recorded in Vaasa. The city of Vaasa has 70,382 inhabitants, making it

2950-558: Was ablaze and the fire lasted for many hours. By evening, most of the town had burned to the ground. Out of 379 buildings only 24 privately owned buildings had survived, among them the Falander – Wasastjerna patrician house (built in 1780–1781) which now houses the Old Vaasa Museum. The Court of Appeal (built in 1775, nowadays the Church of Korsholm ), some Russian guard-houses along with

3009-457: Was chartered and renamed after the Royal House of Vasa . Thanks to the sea connections, ship building and trade, especially tar trade, Vaasa flourished in the 17th century and most of the inhabitants earned their living from it. In 1683, the three-subject or Trivial school moved from Nykarleby to Vaasa, and four years later a new schoolhouse was built in Vaasa. The first library in Finland

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3068-425: Was founded in 1798, and the village of Alaseinäjoki began to be called Seinäjoki again. The very same year, the Östermyra steel mill was founded on the shore of the Seinäjoki river. In the 1850s, actions were taken to separate Seinäjoki from the church parish of Nurmo. Ilmajoki wanted to connect Seinäjoki back to its own parish. In spite of strong objections from the inhabitants of Nurmo, the Senate of Finland accepted

3127-474: Was founded in Vaasa in 1794. In 1793, Vaasa had 2,178 inhabitants, and in the year of the catastrophic town fire of 1852 the number had risen to 3,200. During the Finnish War , fought between Sweden and Russia in 1808–1809, Vaasa suffered more than any other city. In June 1808, Vaasa was occupied by the Russian forces, and some of the local officials pledged allegiance to the occupying force. On 25 June 1808

3186-443: Was heavy fighting in the streets and in the end the Swedish forces were repelled and forced to retreat back the way they came. Generalmajor Demidov suspected that the inhabitants of Vaasa had taken to arms and helped the Swedish forces, even though the provincial governor had confiscated all weapons that spring, and he took revenge by letting his men plunder the city for several days. During those days 17 civilians were killed, property

3245-482: Was historically called Östermyra in Swedish . Today, this name, which was never official, is very seldom used even among Swedish speakers. Seinäjoki Airport is located in the neighbouring municipality of Ilmajoki , 11 kilometres (10 mi) south from the Seinäjoki city centre. Seinäjoki railway station in city centre was opened in 1883 and until 1897, it carried the name Ostermyra station. The settlement spread in

3304-459: Was located in the immediate vicinity of Tropiclandia. Over the years, Vaasa has changed its name several times, due to alternative spellings, political decisions and language condition changes. At first it was called Mustasaari or Mussor after the village where it was founded in 1606, but just a few years later the name was changed to Vasa to honor the royal Swedish lineage. Mustasaari (Finnish) or Korsholm (Swedish) remains as

3363-537: Was looted and destroyed, many were assaulted and several people were taken to the village of Salmi in Kuortane where they had to endure the physical punishment called running the gauntlet . The massacre in Vaasa was exceptional during the Finnish war as the Russian forces had avoided that kind of cruelty that far. It was probably a result of the frustration the Russians felt because of intensive guerilla activity against them in

3422-471: Was merged into Vaasa. It is currently an exclave area of the city, since it is surrounded by other municipalities. Near the Polar Circle , Vaasa falls in continental subarctic climate ( Köppen : Dfc ) with severe dry winters and almost warm summers. The prevailing direction of the winds, North Atlantic Current and the proximity of the Gulf of Bothnia give the climate a certainly livability in spite of

3481-587: Was opened for rail service in 1885, and the Kristinestad track which had been completed in 1913, raised Seinäjoki as an important railway crossing section in Finland. In the early 1970s, a direct railway between Tampere and Seinäjoki was opened, and the services of Seinäjoki improved further. After the Winter War and Continuation War, some refugees from Jaakkima and Lumivaara were resettled to Seinäjoki. The neighboring municipalities of Seinäjoki are Kauhava in

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