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Second Washington Conference

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The Second Washington Conference (19 – 25 June 1942), did not have a code name because it was hastily called and was regarded at the time as a set of military staff conversations rather than a formal conference. The two delegations were led by the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and the American President Franklin D. Roosevelt .

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26-547: Immediately before the Conference started, Roosevelt held preparatory talks with Churchill in his home town of Hyde Park, New York on 19 and 20 June. Roosevelt about the meeting at Hyde Park. "Churchill saw all those boats from the last war tied up on the Hudson river and in one of his great bursts of imagination he said "By George, we could take those ships and others like them that are good for nothing and sink them offshore to protect

52-513: A Caribbean cruise. Mr and Mrs Vanderbilt were rescued, along with their guests: the Duke and Duchess of Manchester and Lord Falconer ; and their servants. There was no loss of life, and Warrior was eventually salvaged . Vanderbilt maintained residences in New York City (he lived for a while at 450 Fifth Avenue ), Newport (" Rough Point "), Bar Harbor (" Sonogee "), Upper St. Regis Lake in

78-474: A new chapter house and domatory. After graduating from Yale, he joined his father at the New York Central Railroad , like his brothers, working in one department after another to gain an understanding of the railroad business. After working for many years at the railroad, he devoted his time to travel and yachting. Vanderbilt was a director of 22 railroads, including New York Central Railroad ,

104-520: A number of campus buildings at Yale University by architect Charles C. Haight that survive to this day, from campus dormitories comprising the present-day Silliman College , to Vanderbilt Hall, Phelps Hall, the Mason, Sloane and Osborn laboratories, and his secret society, St. Anthony Hall . In 1878, Frederick married Louise Holmes Torrance (née Anthony) (1854–1926), the daughter of Charles Lee Anthony and Catherine (née Holmes) Anthony. Louise's father

130-679: Is a town in Dutchess County, New York , United States, bordering the Hudson River north of Poughkeepsie . Within the town are the hamlets of Hyde Park , East Park, Staatsburg , and Haviland . Hyde Park is known as the hometown of Franklin D. Roosevelt , the 32nd president of the United States . Hyde Park is home to the main campus of the Culinary Institute of America , a four-year college for culinary and baking and pastry arts, and

156-567: Is land and 3.2 square miles (8.3 km ), or 8.02%, is water. The Hudson River defines the western town line, which is the border with Ulster County . Hyde Park is bordered by the town of Poughkeepsie to the south, Rhinebeck to the north, and Clinton and Pleasant Valley to the east. As of the 2010 census, the town's population was 21,571. The racial makeup was 87.1% white, 6.0% African American, 0.2% Native American, 2.5% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 1.8% other races, 2.4% two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 5.6% of

182-415: Is now a museum that can be visited. His house is listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places , as are the homes of Eleanor Roosevelt , Isaac Roosevelt , and Frederick William Vanderbilt , along with Haviland Middle School (formerly Franklin D. Roosevelt High School) . Val-Kill was the home of Eleanor Roosevelt, wife of Franklin D. Roosevelt. It is located about 2 miles (3 km) east of

208-521: Is the hometown of Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882–1945), who served as president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945. His estate, Springwood , is the site of the Home of Franklin D. Roosevelt National Historic Site maintained by the National Park Service . Also on the site are his presidential library and museum. Roosevelt used this residence throughout his life. FDR's historical house

234-595: The Adirondacks (" Pine Tree Point "), and a country palace in Hyde Park, New York ("Hyde Park") now preserved by the National Park Service as Vanderbilt Mansion National Historic Site . He built the nearby Howard Mansion and Carriage House for his nephew Thomas H. Howard in 1896. Vanderbilt was the owner of 10 East 40th Street in Manhattan , a prominent example of art deco architecture, until his death. He commissioned

260-540: The Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum , the first presidential library in the United States. Hyde Park's population was 21,021 at the 2020 United States Census . U.S. Route 9 passes through the town near the Hudson River. Settlement of the region by Europeans officially began around 1742 but may have begun as early as 1710. The name of the area was changed to "Hyde Park" around 1810. Previously, it

286-618: The Great Nine Partners Patent , which would eventually make up much of Hyde Park. In 1804 a tavern-keeper named Miller, seeking new guests, renamed the tavern "the Hyde Park Inn", much to the annoyance of Doctor Bard. He then applied for a post office to be located at his inn, common among tavern keepers. The request was granted as the "Hyde Park Post Office". The settlement gradually came to be known not as Stoutenburgh but as Hyde Park, which it officially became in 1812. Hyde Park

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312-614: The Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad , and the Chicago and North Western Railroad . Vanderbilt was a member of the New York Yacht Club . In the course of his life he owned four steam yachts : Vedette , Conqueror , Warrior , and Virginia , which he renamed Vedette after his first yacht. In January 1914 Warrior , his largest yacht, ran aground on the Colombian coast while on

338-646: The British did not think that it was yet a feasible option and Churchill proposed developing a joint campaign in the Mediterranean Theater leading to an attack on Italy as the "soft under-belly" of the Axis. Agreement was reached to start preparations for an invasion of the North African Colonies of Vichy France ( Operation Torch ). One of the first concrete measures taken by Roosevelt to facilitate this strategy

364-404: The average family size was 3.10. In the town, the age distribution of the population shows 24.7% under the age of 18, 11.2% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 23.1% from 45 to 64, and 12.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.0 males. The median income for a household in

390-468: The home of FDR. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Eleanor Roosevelt are both buried in the rose garden at "Springwood". President Roosevelt's father, James Roosevelt, Sr. , served a term as supervisor of the town of Hyde Park. According to the United States Census Bureau , the town of Hyde Park has a total area of 39.8 square miles (103.2 km ), of which 36.7 square miles (95.0 km )

416-641: The landings" I thought well of it and we talked about it all afternoon. The Military and Naval authorities were startled out of a year's growth. But Winnie was right. Great fellow, that Churchill, if you can keep up with him". So started the idea of the Mulberry Harbour . The conference discussed how the Western Allies could best aid the Soviet Union. The Americans were keen to open up a Second Front in France, but

442-550: The population. As of the U.S. Census of 2000, there were 20,851 people, 7,395 households, and 5,220 families residing in the town. The population density was 564.2 inhabitants per square mile (217.8/km ). There were 7,704 housing units at an average density of 208.5 per square mile (80.5/km ). The racial makeup of the town was 91.02% White , 4.25% African American , 0.20% Native American , 1.39% Asian , 0.08% Pacific Islander , 1.19% from other races , and 1.86% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.23% of

468-406: The population. There were 7,395 households, out of which 34.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.7% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.4% were non-families. 23.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and

494-712: The town to the southeast is in the Arlington Central School District , and a small portion to the north is in the Rhinebeck Central School District The Hyde Park school district's comprehensive high school is Franklin Delano Roosevelt High School . Frederick William Vanderbilt Frederick William Vanderbilt (February 2, 1856 – June 29, 1938) was a member of the American Vanderbilt family . He

520-585: The town was $ 50,870, and the median income for a family was $ 58,047. Males had a median income of $ 42,251 versus $ 28,176 for females. The per capita income for the town was $ 21,260. About 4.4% of families and 5.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.3% of those under age 18 and 6.0% of those age 65 or over. The majority of the town (including the Hyde Park hamlet) is in the Hyde Park Central School District . A small portion of

546-989: Was a director of the New York Central Railroad for 61 years, and also a director of the Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad and of the Chicago and North Western Railroad . Vanderbilt was born on February 2, 1856, in New Dorp, Staten Island . He was the third son of eight children born to William Henry Vanderbilt (1821–1885) and Maria Louisa ( née Kissam) Vanderbilt (1821–1896). His siblings were Cornelius Vanderbilt II , who married Alice Claypoole Gwynne ; Margaret Louisa Vanderbilt , who married Elliott Fitch Shepard ; William Kissam Vanderbilt , who married Alva Erskine Smith and Anne Harriman Sands Rutherfurd ; Emily Thorn Vanderbilt , who married William Douglas Sloane and Henry White ; Florence Adele Vanderbilt , who married Hamilton McKown Twombly ; Eliza Osgood Vanderbilt , who married William Seward Webb ; and George Washington Vanderbilt II , who married Edith Stuyvesant Dresser . He

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572-544: Was a part of Clinton, New York , until 1821 when it was incorporated as a separate town. The Hyde Park Railroad Station , located at the mouth of Crum Elbow Creek along the Hudson River, was used by the town's residents, including the Roosevelts. The town includes Frederick William Vanderbilt 's spring and autumn mansion, now maintained as the Vanderbilt Mansion National Historic Site . Hyde Park

598-489: Was a successful dry-goods merchant in New York City. Louise had been previously married, in 1868, to Frederick's cousin Alfred Torrance, before their divorce in 1877. Frederick Vanderbilt died in Hyde Park, New York , on June 29, 1938. He was buried at Vanderbilt Family Cemetery and Mausoleum in New Dorp . His estate was valued at $ 79,845,478 (equivalent to $ 1,653,993,657 today) upon his death. He left $ 5,200,000 to

624-484: Was part of the Fauconnier Patent and was named "Stoutenburgh", after the town's first settler, Jacobus Stoughtenburg. Part of the town was from the Great Nine Partners Patent of 1697. Doctor John Bard had called his estate "Hyde Park" in honor of Edward Hyde , who was Lord Cornbury and governor of New York from 1702 to 1708. In 1697, Hyde granted nine close friends of his a large swatch of land "south of Albany" in

650-598: Was the grandson of Commodore Cornelius Vanderbilt , who first created the Vanderbilt family's wealth. Upon his grandfather's death in 1877, 95% of the $ 100 million estate was left to his father and his three brothers ($ 5 million to Cornelius , and $ 2 million apiece to William , Frederick, and George ). In 1876, Vanderbilt graduated from Yale University 's Sheffield Scientific School to which he later donated $ 500,000 (equivalent to $ 17,607,692 today) in 1902. While at Yale, he joined St. Anthony Hall and paid for

676-599: Was to appoint General Dwight D. Eisenhower as the Commander-in-Chief of U.S. Forces in the European Theater of Operations on 25 June. Roosevelt and Churchill also held discussions with members of the Pacific War Council, King Peter II of Yugoslavia and his Foreign Minister, and with Soviet and Chinese representatives with whom they discussed strategic problems. Hyde Park, New York Hyde Park

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