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27-532: (Redirected from Seagrape ) Sea grape or seagrape may refer to: Plants and algae [ edit ] Coccoloba uvifera , a flowering plant native to tropical America, including Florida, the Caribbean and nearby islands Seaweeds in the genus Caulerpa , especially: C. lentillifera , eaten in Southeast Asia C. racemosa Ephedra distachya ,

54-763: A zygote . The definition avoids reference to male and female reproductive structures, which are rare in fungi. An individual of a dioecious fungal species not only requires a partner for mating, but performs only one of the roles in nuclear transfer, as either the donor or the recipient. A monoecious fungal species can perform both roles, but may not be self-compatible. Dioecy has the demographic disadvantage compared with hermaphroditism that only about half of reproductive adults are able to produce offspring. Dioecious species must therefore have fitness advantages to compensate for this cost through increased survival, growth, or reproduction. Dioecy excludes self-fertilization and promotes allogamy (outcrossing), and thus tends to reduce

81-410: A female gamete then fuse to produce a new diploid sporophyte. In bryophytes ( mosses , liverworts and hornworts ), the gametophytes are fully independent plants. Seed plant gametophytes are dependent on the sporophyte and develop within the spores, a condition known as endospory . In flowering plants, the male gametophytes develop within pollen grains produced by the sporophyte's stamens , and

108-436: A frequency about half of that for the forward transition. In Silene , since there is no monoecy, it is suggested that dioecy evolved through gynodioecy. Very few dioecious fungi have been discovered. Monoecy and dioecy in fungi refer to the donor and recipient roles in mating, where a nucleus is transferred from one haploid hypha to another, and the two nuclei then present in the same cell merge by karyogamy to form

135-415: A purplish color. Each contains a large pit that constitutes most of the volume of the fruit. Although it is capable of surviving down to about 2 °C (35.6 °F), the tree cannot survive frost. The leaves turn reddish before withering. The seeds of this plant, once gathered, must be planted immediately, for unlike most plants, the seeds cannot withstand being stored for future planting. C. uvifera

162-426: A shrub that grows in southern Europe and parts of western and central Asia Halosaccion glandiforme , another seaweed unrelated to Caulerpa . Valonia ventricosa , an algae and one of the largest known unicellular organisms. Animals [ edit ] Molgula manhattensis , a species of tunicate, or more generally any member of the genus Molgula The eggs of cuttlefish Topics referred to by

189-467: A species, such as the colonies of Siphonophorae (Portuguese man-of-war), which may be either dioecious or monoecious . Land plants ( embryophytes ) differ from animals in that their life cycle involves alternation of generations . In animals, typically an individual produces gametes of one kind, either sperm or egg cells . The gametes have half the number of chromosomes of the individual producing them, so are haploid . Without further dividing,

216-431: A sperm and an egg cell fuse to form a zygote that develops into a new individual. In land plants, by contrast, one generation – the sporophyte generation – consists of individuals that produce haploid spores rather than haploid gametes . Spores do not fuse, but germinate by dividing repeatedly by mitosis to give rise to haploid multicellular individuals, the gametophytes , which produce gametes. A male gamete and

243-509: Is a popular ornamental plant in south Florida yards. It serves as a dune stabilizer and protective habitat for small animals. Tall sea grape plants behind beaches help prevent sea turtles from being distracted by lights from nearby buildings. The sap has been used for dyeing and tanning leather. The wood has occasionally been used in furniture, as firewood, or for making charcoal. The fruits of the sea grape may be eaten raw, cooked into jellies and jams, or fermented into sea grape wine. The leaves of

270-788: Is called " dioecious " when each sporophyte plant has only one kind of spore-producing organ, all of whose spores give rise either to male gametophytes, which produce only male gametes (sperm), or to female gametophytes, which produce only female gametes (egg cells). For example, a single flowering plant sporophyte of a fully dioecious species like holly has either flowers with functional stamens producing pollen containing male gametes (staminate or 'male' flowers), or flowers with functional carpels producing female gametes (carpellate or 'female' flowers), but not both. (See Plant reproductive morphology for further details, including more complex cases, such as gynodioecy and androdioecy .) Slightly different terms, dioicous and monoicous , may be used for

297-715: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Coccoloba uvifera Coccoloba uvifera is a species of tree and flowering plant in the buckwheat family, Polygonaceae , that is native to coastal beaches throughout tropical America and the Caribbean, including central & southern Florida, the Bahamas, the Greater and Lesser Antilles , and Bermuda . Common names include seagrape and baygrape . In late summer, it bears green fruit, about 2 cm (0.79 in) diameter, in large, grape-like clusters. The fruit gradually ripens to

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324-454: Is more common in woody plants , and heterotrophic species. In most dioecious plants, whether male or female gametophytes are produced is determined genetically, but in some cases it can be determined by the environment, as in Arisaema species. Certain algae , such as some species of Polysiphonia , are dioecious. Dioecy is prevalent in the brown algae ( Phaeophyceae ) and may have been

351-406: Is unlikely that mutations for male and female sterility occurred at the same time. In angiosperms unisexual flowers evolve from bisexual ones. Dioecy occurs in almost half of plant families, but only in a minority of genera, suggesting recent evolution. For 160 families that have dioecious species, dioecy is thought to have evolved more than 100 times. In the family Caricaceae , dioecy is likely

378-401: Is used for ulcers. In French Guiana, a juice made from the whole plant called Jamaica kino, is used to treat diarrhea and dysentery. The first botanical names of the plant were assigned in 1696 by Hans Sloane, who called it Prunus maritima racemosa , "maritime grape-cluster Prunus", and Leonard Plukenet, who named it Uvifera littorea , "grape-bearer of the shore", both of which names reflect

405-482: Is usually minor. The leaves of the sea grape are also slow to decompose, which may cause some annoyance for homeowners. Sea grape is a dioecious species, that is, male and female flowers are borne on separate plants, and cross-pollination is necessary for fruit to develop. Honey bees and other insects help pollinate these plants; male and female plants can be distinguished by the appearance of their flowers, as males usually show dead flower stalks. Coccoloba uvifera

432-509: Is wind-resistant, moderately tolerant of shade, and highly tolerant of salt, so it is often planted to stabilize beach edges; it is also planted as an ornamental shrub. The fruit is very tasty, and can be used for jam or eaten directly from the tree. The shrub is low maintenance and largely disease and pest free. Sea grape does have one minor pest, the sea grape borer, which is a moth native to florida that bores into small twigs and branches and kills them along with their leaves. The damage, however,

459-435: The gametophyte generation of non-vascular plants, although dioecious and monoecious are also used. A dioicous gametophyte either produces only male gametes (sperm) or produces only female gametes (egg cells). About 60% of liverworts are dioicous. Dioecy occurs in a wide variety of plant groups. Examples of dioecious plant species include ginkgos , willows , cannabis and African teak . As its specific name implies,

486-554: The European concept of "sea-grape", expressed in a number of languages by the explorers of the times. The natives viewed it as a large mulberry. The first edition of Linnaeus 's Species Plantarum (1753), based on Plukenet, assigned the plant to Polygonum uvifera and noted flores non vidi , "I have not seen the flowers." Subsequently, Patrick Browne, The Civil and Natural History of Jamaica (1756) devised Coccoloba for it. Relying on Browne, Linnaeus' second edition (1762), changed

513-458: The ancestral sexual system. Dioecious flowering plants can evolve from monoecious ancestors that have flowers containing both functional stamens and functional carpels. Some authors argue monoecy and dioecy are related. In the genus Sagittaria , since there is a distribution of sexual systems, it has been postulated that dioecy evolved from monoecy through gynodioecy mainly from mutations that resulted in male sterility. However, since

540-568: The ancestral state in that group. In plants, dioecy has evolved independently multiple times either from hermaphroditic species or from monoecious species. A previously untested hypothesis is that this reduces inbreeding; dioecy has been shown to be associated with increased genetic diversity and greater protection against deleterious mutations. Regardless of the evolutionary pathway the intermediate states need to have fitness advantages compared to cosexual flowers in order to survive. Dioecy evolves due to male or female sterility, although it

567-597: The ancestral state is unclear, more work is needed to clarify the evolution of dioecy via monoecy. Dioecy usually evolves from hermaphroditism through gynodioecy but may also evolve through androdioecy , through distyly or through heterostyly . In the Asteraceae , dioecy may have evolved independently from hermaphroditism at least 5 or 9 times. The reverse transition, from dioecy back to hermaphroditism has also been observed, both in Asteraceae and in bryophytes, with

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594-542: The classification to Coccolobus uvifera , citing all the other names. Coccoloba comes from the Greek kokkolobis , a kind of grape, literally, "berry pod". Dioecious In zoology, dioecy means that an animal is either male or female, in which case the synonym gonochory is more often used. For example, most animal species are gonochoric, almost all vertebrate species are gonochoric, and all bird and mammal species are gonochoric. Dioecy may also describe colonies within

621-585: The expression of recessive deleterious mutations present in a population. In trees, compensation is realized mainly through increased seed production by females. This in turn is facilitated by a lower contribution of reproduction to population growth, which results in no demonstrable net costs of having males in the population compared to being hermaphroditic. Dioecy may also accelerate or retard lineage diversification in angiosperms . Dioecious lineages are more diversified in certain genera, but less in others. An analysis suggested that dioecy neither consistently places

648-428: The female gametophytes develop within ovules produced by the sporophyte's carpels . The sporophyte generation of a seed plant is called " monoecious " when each sporophyte plant has both kinds of spore-producing organ but in separate flowers or cones. For example, a single flowering plant of a monoecious species has both functional stamens and carpels, in separate flowers. The sporophyte generation of seed plants

675-657: The perennial stinging nettle Urtica dioica is dioecious, while the annual nettle Urtica urens is monoecious. Dioecious flora are predominant in tropical environments. About 65% of gymnosperm species are dioecious, but almost all conifers are monoecious. In gymnosperms, the sexual systems dioecy and monoecy are strongly correlated with the mode of pollen dispersal, monoecious species are predominantly wind dispersed ( anemophily ) and dioecious species animal-dispersed ( zoophily ). About 6 percent of flowering plant species are entirely dioecious and about 7% of angiosperm genera contain some dioecious species. Dioecy

702-461: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Sea grape . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sea_grape&oldid=1233165638 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Plant common name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

729-530: The sea grape can be made into a tea and honey bees can make a certain type of honey with the nectar of the sea grape flowers. In other places native to sea grapes, various parts of the plant are used for medicinal purposes. For example, in Puerto Rico and the Caribbean the roots and bark of the plants are used in traditional medicine, while in the Yucatán peninsula tea made from the bark of sea grape mixed with alcohol

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