41-469: The Schoodic Peninsula is a peninsula in Down East Maine . It is located four miles (6 km) east of Bar Harbor, Maine , as the crow flies . The Schoodic Peninsula contains 2,266 acres (9 km), or approximately 5% of Acadia National Park . It includes the towns of Gouldsboro and Winter Harbor . The peninsula has a rocky granite shoreline containing many volcanic dikes . The peninsula
82-475: A habitat corridor , or green corridor, is an designated area that connects wildlife populations that have been separated by human activities or structures, such as development, roads, or land clearings. These corridors enable movement of individuals between populations, which helps to prevent negative effects of inbreeding and reduced genetic diversity , often caused by genetic drift , that can occur in isolated populations. Additionally, corridors support
123-507: A wolf corridor was restored through a golf course in Jasper National Park , Alberta , which successfully altered wildlife behavior and showed frequent use by the wolf population. Some species are more likely to utilize habitat corridors depending on migration and mating patterns, making it essential that corridor design is targeted towards a specific species. Due to space constraints, buffers are not usually implemented. Without
164-536: A campfire (including charcoal) is prohibited. Stoves and grills fueled by petroleum fuels such as Liquid Propane Gas (LPG), butane, or white gas are allowed. In March 2008, Winter Harbor Holdings Inc. entered into negotiations with representatives from the towns of Winter Harbor and Gouldsboro regarding development plans for 3,300 acres (13 km) of land abutting the Schoodic portion of Acadia National Park. The proposed "eco-resort community" would be one third larger than
205-562: A large home range. Large herbivores , medium to large carnivores , and migratory species are typical passage users. Corridor dwellers , on the other hand, can occupy a corridor for several years. Species such as plants , reptiles , amphibians , birds , insects , and small mammals may spend their entire lives in linear habitats. In such cases, the corridor must provide enough resources to support such species. Habitat corridors can be categorized based on their width, with wider corridors generally supporting greater wildlife use. However,
246-529: Is accessible via a one-way 7-mile (11 km) long loop road. The main feature is Schoodic Head, the highest point on the peninsula at 440 feet (130 m) above sea level. A number of hiking trails ascend the head. Other features include the picnic area at Frazer Point, views of Schoodic Point, Blueberry Hill, and the Anvil. Many of the developed features of the park, including some of its hiking trails, service roads, and comfort stations, were built by crews of
287-658: Is also used to evaluate migration and mating patterns. By analyzing gene flow within a population, researchers can better understand the long- term role of corridors in migration and genetic diversity. Wildlife corridors are most effective when designed with the ecology of their target species in mind. Factors such as seasonal movement, avoidance behavior, dispersal patterns, and specific habitat requirements must also be considered. Corridors are more successful when they include some degree of randomness or asymmetry and are oriented perpendicular to habitat patches. However, they are vulnerable to edge effects ; habitat quality along
328-563: Is home to the former United States Navy base, NSGA Winter Harbor , which has been converted into a National Park Service training center. A 3,300-acre (13 km) resort development was proposed for land abutting Schoodic Peninsula's national park holdings to the north. An anonymous donor eventually bought the entire 3,200-acre tract and built the Schoodic Woods Campground and miles of gravel bike paths before donating all of it to Acadia National Park. Opening in 2015, Schoodic Woods
369-493: Is more secluded than the main body of the Park, located on Mount Desert Island ; approximately 10% of visitors make the trip to the peninsula. The island is easily visible across Frenchman Bay , but the trip by road from Bar Harbor around the bay to the peninsula is 45 miles (72 km) long, about one hour by car. Ferry service is available seven days a week from late June through September, with ferry trips taking one hour. The park
410-664: Is the newest campground in Acadia National Park, and the first built in the park since the original campgrounds were built by the Civilian Conservation Corps during the Great Depression beginning in 1936. In the summer, the Schoodic peninsula is currently served by two separate ferry services from Bar Harbor to Winter Harbor that run daily. The section of Acadia National Park on the Schoodic Peninsula
451-555: Is the only campground located on the mainland of the national park and is about 3 miles southeast of Winter Harbor. The Schoodic Woods Campground is typically open from late May until October. The 2021 season is expected to be from May 26, 2021 – October 10, 2021, but the dates are subject to change. RVs and trailers are allowed in the campground but must be within the maximum length allowed. There are no showers at this campground but there are fire rings and grills available for guests to use. Setting, building, maintaining, attending, or using
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#1732855399350492-760: The Civilian Conservation Corps in the 1930s in the National Park Service 's Rustic architectural style . More than 1,000 acres (400 ha) of the park were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007 in recognition of this contribution. The lighthouse viewable to the northwest of Schoodic Head, Mark Island's Winter Harbor Light Station , was named to the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. A United States Navy base, NSGA Winter Harbor , operated on Schoodic Point from 1935 to 2002. A replacement for Otter Cliffs Radio Station ,
533-509: The Mount Desert Island section of Acadia National Park. The proposal also calls for a ban on gasoline-powered vehicles on the loop road in the Schoodic section of Acadia National Park; the loop road would be converted into a carriage road limited to human- and electric-powered vehicles. The project would develop 40% of the land within the borders of the town of Winter Harbor, and could increase its population by 25%. These plans have been
574-525: The Trans-Canada Highway , which passes through Banff National Park . The tops of the bridges are planted with trees and native grasses, with fences present on either side to help guide animals. In Southern California , 15 underpasses and drainage culverts were observed to see how many animals used them as corridors. They proved to be especially effective on wide-ranging species such as carnivores, mule deer , small mammals, and reptiles, even though
615-493: The French, and British colonists arrived only after French control ended in 1763. Initially attracted by the availability of land for farming, the early British settlers soon turned to fishing to survive; fishing remains a significant economic driver. Largely due to its inhospitable climate and remoteness, Downeast Maine remained one of the state's least developed areas throughout the 20th century. In more recent years, Downeast Maine and
656-605: The Greater Portland area have emerged as an important center for the creative economy , which is also bringing gentrification . In Canada, "Down East", often written as two words, refers to the Maritime Provinces : New Brunswick , Nova Scotia , and Prince Edward Island . Newfoundland and the Gaspé Peninsula of Quebec are sometimes included. The term gave its name to Down East fiddling , which developed in
697-522: The Maritimes and has become one of the most prominent styles of Canadian fiddling . The style is closely associated with New Brunswick native Don Messer , who hosted a radio show on Prince Edward Island beginning in 1939 and had a wide influence over fiddle music in Canada. The Down East style is distinguished by simple playing and dance-ready rhythms. Green corridor A wildlife corridor , also known as
738-530: The National Heritage Area Act in 2022. The National Heritage Area will help preserve more historic and cultural sites in Hancock and Washington counties. The origin of the phrase "Downeast" is typically traced to nautical terminology referring to direction, rather than location. In the warm months most suitable for sailing, the prevailing winds along the coast of New England and Canada blow from
779-464: The Schoodic section of park abutting it; proposals for development have included two hotels, housing developments, a bird sanctuary and an "eco-friendly golf course". Up to 1,000 homes could be built as part of the development; plans for a development airstrip were considered but rejected. Two thirds of the land would be set aside as a green corridor off-limits to commercial development; plans for this portion have included carriage roads like those on
820-540: The base operated as a radio station and training facility until it was decommissioned and transferred to the National Park Service on July 1, 2002. The former naval base has now been transformed into the Schoodic Education and Research Center, a research and training center for the National Park Service. The Schoodic Woods Campground is located on the mainland Schoodic Peninsula of Acadia National Park. It
861-760: The benefits of wildlife corridors to wildlife conservation are used and managed by indigenous communities. Habitat corridors can be considered a management tool in areas where the destruction of a natural habitats has severely impacted native species , whether due to human development or natural disasters. When land is fragmented, wildlife populations may become unstable or isolated from larger populations. These management tools are used by ecologists, biologists , indigenous tribes, and other concerned parties that oversee wildlife populations. Corridors help reconnect these fragmented populations and reduce negative population fluctuations by supporting these key aspects that stabilize populations: Daniel Rosenberg et al. were among
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#1732855399350902-682: The boundaries of the historical French colony of Acadia ; Collier regarded this as a cultural legacy of the former colony. According to Maine author John Gould , Downeast is "a never-never land always east of where you are". The term is relational, with Boston being the traditional referent for determining what is "Downeast". As such, sailors going from one port in Maine to another nearby may have said they were going "down Maine" or "east'ard", reserving "Downeast" for farther points. Within New England , "Downeast" often refers specifically to Maine , especially
943-420: The center habitat were two to four times more likely to move to the connected remnant rather than the disconnected ones. Furthermore, male holly plants were placed in the center region, and female holly plants in the connected region increased by 70 percent in seed production compared to those plants in the disconnected region. Plant seed dispersal through bird droppings was noted to be the dispersal method with
984-454: The coastal areas. The phrase has widespread use in the state; Maine's largest monthly magazine is titled Down East . Amtrak named its passenger train service between Boston and Brunswick, Maine the Downeaster . The term "Downeast" provided the name for a prominent type of sailing ship developed in Maine in the later 19th century, the Downeaster . Downeasters were a modification of
1025-436: The corridors were not intended specifically for animals. Researchers also learned that factors such as surrounding habitat, underpass dimensions, and human activity played a role in the frequency of usage. In South Carolina , five remnant areas of land were monitored; one was put in the center with the other four surrounding it. Then, a corridor was put between one of the remnants and the center. Butterflies that were placed in
1066-422: The earlier clipper , with new lines and rigging enabling it to carry substantially more cargo. Primarily used to transport wheat and other goods from California to European markets, Downeasters were characteristically built in Maine, and their captains often came from the state. A significant part of Maine's maritime legacy, they were among the last prominent sailing ships built before steamships came to dominate
1107-407: The earliest known use in print to 1825. The phrase "down-easter", meaning a person from "Downeast", appeared in print in 1828. The phrase "Downeast" is used in several ways. Most broadly, it refers to areas from northeastern New England into Canada 's Maritime Provinces . Sargent F. Collier wrote that Downeast extended from Maine into Canada as far as Chaleur Bay . This area is similar to
1148-569: The easternmost section of the state along the Canada–US border . This area, also known as "Downeast Maine" or "Downeast Maine", lies on the coast roughly between the Penobscot River and the border, including rural Hancock and Washington counties and the towns of Deer Isle , Bar Harbor , Machias , Jonesport , and Eastport . This was among the last parts of the state settled by Europeans. Due to its thankless climate it saw little settlement by
1189-465: The edge of a habitat fragment is often much lower than in core habitat areas. While wildlife corridors are essential for large species that require expensive ranges ; they are also crucial for smaller animals and plants, acting as ecological connectors to move between isolated habitat fragments. Additionally wildlife corridors are designed to reduce human-wildlife conflicts. In Alberta, Canada , overpasses have been constructed to keep animals off
1230-704: The first to define the concept of wildlife corridors, developing a model that emphasized the corridors' role in facilitating movement unrestricted by the end of native vegetation or intermediate target patches of habitat. Wildlife corridors also have significant indirect effects on plant populations by increasing pollen and seed dispersal through animals movement, of various species between isolated habitat patches. Corridors must be large enough to support minimum critical populations, reduce migration barriers, and maximize connectivity between populations. Wildlife corridors may also include aquatic habitats often referred to as riparian ribbons , ) and are typically found in
1271-591: The form of wildlife crossings , such an underpasses or overpasses that allow animals to cross man-made structures like roads, helping to reduce human-wildlife conflict , such as roadkill . Observations that underpasses tend to be more than overpasses as many animals are too timid to cross over a bridge in front of traffic and prefer the cover of an underpass. Researchers use mark-recapture techniques and hair snares to assess genetic flow and observe how wildlife utilizes corridors. Marking and recapturing animals helps track individual movement. Genetic testing
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1312-412: The form of rivers and streams. Terrestrial corridors take the form of wooded strips connecting forested areas or an urban hedgerows. Most species can be categorized into one of two groups: passage users and corridor dwellers . Passage users occupy corridors for brief periods. These animals use corridors for such events as seasonal migration , juvenile dispersal or moving between different parts of
1353-414: The historical French territory of Acadia . The phrase apparently derives from sailing terminology: sailors from western ports sailed downwind toward the east to reach the area. A person from this area may be called a "down-easter." Within Maine, the phrase may refer specifically to the state's easternmost regions, also called Downeast Maine . The Downeast Maine National Heritage Area was established in
1394-402: The industry. While steamships may have supplanted sailing ships in some contexts, this prominence just before the decline led Maine boatbuilders to remain in demand for sailing yachts and motor yachts; a common modern design influenced by coastal Maine's ubiquitous lobster boats is made by several manufacturers under names resembling 'Downeaster'. In Maine, "Downeast" may refer more narrowly to
1435-689: The largest increase within the corridor-connected patch of land. In Florida June 2021, the Florida Wildlife Corridor act was passed, securing a statewide network of nearly 18 million acres of connected ecosystems. Starting from the Alabama state line, through the Florida panhandle and all the way to the Florida Keys. Containing state parks, national forests, and wildlife management areas supporting wildlife and human occupation. The positive effects on
1476-505: The overall effectiveness of a corridor depends more on its design that its width. The following are three main categories of corridor widths: Habitat corridors can also be classified based on their continuity. Continuous corridors are uninterrupted strips of habitat,, while " stepping stone " corridors consist of small, separate patches of suitable habitat. However, stepping-stone corridors are more vulnerable to edge effects , which can reduce their effectiveness. Corridors can also take
1517-471: The project, citing financial disputes and differences in philosophy over the nature of the project and community involvement. 44°25′34″N 68°03′12″W / 44.42608°N 68.05336°W / 44.42608; -68.05336 Down East " Down East " or " Downeast " is a term for parts of eastern coastal New England and Canada , particularly the U.S. state of Maine and Canada's Maritime Provinces , an area that closely corresponds to
1558-421: The rates of transfer and interbreeding in vole populations. A control population in which voles were confined to their core habitat with no corridor was compared to a treatment population in their core habitat with passages that they use to move to other regions. Females typically stayed and mated within their founder population , but the rate of transfer through corridors in the males was very high. In 2001,
1599-619: The re-establishment of populations that may have been reduced or wiped out due to random events like fires or disease. They can also mitigate some of the severe impacts of habitat fragmentation , a result of urbanization that divides habitat areas and restricts animal movement. Habitat fragmentation from human development poses an increasing threat to biodiversity , and habitat corridors help to reduce its harmful effects. Corridors aside from their benefit to vulnerable wildlife populations can conflict with communities surrounding them when human-wildlife conflicts are involved. In other communities
1640-454: The southwest, meaning ships sail downwind to go east. As such, the northeastern stretches were said to be "Downeast" in relation to major western cities such as Boston . Correspondingly, sailors spoke of going "up to Boston" from Downeast ports, a phrase still common in Maine, despite the fact that Boston is around fifty miles to the south of Maine. The term can be used as an adverb, adjective, or noun. The Oxford English Dictionary traces
1681-564: The subject of controversy among local residents concerned about the effects of development on the environment and on local communities. Other controversies have come up regarding the identities of the Winter Harbor ownership group and their development activities in New Mexico. In December 2008, two Maine architectural firms that had been local partners of the Italian partnership group withdrew from