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20-507: Schalk is both a patronymic surname and a Germanic given name. As a given name, with the meaning "servant", it has been recorded as early as the 8th century as Scalco and Scalcho . The composite given name "Godschalk" or " Gottschalk " (God's servant) was more popular with the higher classes. Quite common in the Low Countries in the Middle Ages, it

40-439: A genealogical history of the male line. The Encyclopaedia of Wales surmises that the system may have been Welsh law , in which it was essential for people to know how people were descended from an ancestor. These laws were decaying by the later Middle Ages, and the patronymic system was gradually replaced by fixed surnames, although the use of patronymic names continued up until the early 19th century in some rural areas. In

60-619: A German football club Schalke (Harz) , a mountain in Lower Saxony, Germany Schalks, New Jersey , a unincorporated community in the United States Schellekens , a Dutch surname with the same origin References [ edit ] ^ Schalk at the Dutch surname database [REDACTED] Name list This page or section lists people that share the same given name or

80-476: A father's first name. Peter's children might be Jan and Roman Petrovich. Peter's grand children could be Aleksandr Janowicz and Ivan Romanowicz/ Romanovich. Peter's great grandchildren could be Nicolai Aleksandrovich and Dmitri Ivanovich. Nearly all Icelandic surnames are strictly patronymic, or in some cases matronymic , as Icelandic society generally does not make use of hereditary family names. A similar situation could, until relatively recently, be found in

100-434: A landowner, or living in an area might adopt the same crest, especially when landowners had to provide troops to their nation or king for battle. Scottish clans and tartans served as family or area identifiers. Of note, some Asian countries list family name first, most adapt to given plus family standard when abroad. Whereas, some Latino countries add mother's family name at the end. This onomastics -related article

120-475: A need for further distinction and in the 19th century a trend started for double surnames, created by prefixing the name of a house, parish or the mother's surname, as in "Cynddylan Jones". A hyphen was sometimes later introduced, for example " Griffith-Jones ". Although the vast majority of Welsh surnames are family names, there has been a limited revival of patronymics in modern Wales, especially among Welsh speakers. Alternatively, given surnames are used, as in

140-527: A person's baptismal name being linked by ap , ab (son of) or ferch (daughter of) to the father's baptismal name. For example, Evan, son of Thomas, would be known as Evan (ap) Thomas; Evan's son, John, would be John (ab) Evan; and John's son Rees would be Rees (ap) John. Patronymics could be extended with names of grandfathers and earlier ancestors, to perhaps the seventh generation. Names such as Llewelyn ap Dafydd ab Ieuan ap Gruffudd ap Meredydd were not uncommon. Those extended patronymics were essentially

160-583: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Welsh surnames Fixed surnames were adopted in Wales from the 15th century onwards. Until then, the Welsh had a patronymic naming system. In 1292, 48 per cent of Welsh names were patronymics and, in some parishes , over 70 per cent. Other names were derived from nicknames , a few non-hereditary personal names and, rarely, occupational names. Patronymic names changed from generation to generation, with

180-1852: Is now primarily an Afrikaans given name. Notable people with the name include: Given name Schalk Booysen (1927–2011), South African sprinter and middle distance runner Schalk Brits (born 1981), South African rugby player Schalk Burger (born 1956), South African rugby player using the name Burger Geldenhuys Schalk Burger (born 1983), South African rugby player Schalk Willem Burger (1852–1918), acting President of South Africa (1900–02) Schalk Ferreira (born 1984), South African rugby player Schalk van der Merwe (1961–2016), South African tennis player Schalk van der Merwe (rugby union) (born 1990), South African rugby player Schalk Verhoef (1935–1997), Dutch road cyclist Surname Alex Schalk (born 1992), Dutch footballer Carl Schalk (1929–2021), American church music composer Chaim Schalk (born 1986), Canadian beach volleyball player D. J. Schalk, pseudonym of David Kalisch (1820–1872), German playwright and humorist Franz Schalk (1863–1931), Austrian conductor Gertrude Schalk (1906–1977), African-American writer, columnist, and newspaper editor Henriette Goverdine Anna van der Schalk (1869–1952), Dutch poet and socialist Jeff Schalk (born 1974), American mountain bike racer Johann Schalk (1903–1987), German World War II fighter ace Josefine Schalk  [ cy ; de ; eo ] (1850–1919), German painter Joseph Schalk (1857–1900), Austrian conductor, musicologist and pianist; older brother of Franz Schalk Louis Schalk (1926–2002), American test pilot Peter Schalk (born 1961), Dutch politician Ray Schalk (1892–1970), American baseball player, coach, manager and scout Roy Schalk (1908–1990), American baseball player and manager See also [ edit ] FC Schalke 04 ,

200-453: The Anglicizing of the historical Welsh naming system, which sometimes had included references to several generations: e.g., Llywelyn ap Gruffydd ap Morgan (Llywelyn son of Gruffydd son of Morgan), and which gave rise to the quip, "as long as a Welshman's pedigree." As an example of Anglicization, the name Llywelyn ap Gruffydd was turned into Llywelyn Gruffydds; i.e., the "ap" meaning "son of"

220-525: The ap was simply dropped entirely. The most common surnames in modern Wales result from adding an s to the end of the name, as in Jones, Roberts and Edwards. Patronymic surnames with the short -s form are recorded in various parts of England dating back to the Middle Ages . As most Welsh surnames are derived from patronymics and often based on a small set of first names, Welsh communities have families bearing

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240-506: The Old Testament of the Bible, men are identified by their lineage through use of their father's first (and only) name. Last names were ‘normalized’ and became more standardized with the advent of mass literacy, paper availability and documentation, and mobility. For example, passports vs early letters of introduction for travel. For example, early patronymic Welsh surnames were the result of

260-406: The continental Scandinavian countries of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, where hereditary family names came into widespread use for the general population during the course of the 19th century or the beginning of the 20th century, ultimately as a consequence of legislation. As the outcome of this, a large majority of Scandinavian family names originated as the patronymics borne by the heads of family at

280-528: The countries studied had a name of Welsh origin. It is not uncommon for five or more of the starting XV for the Wales national rugby union team to be named Jones. For instance, all of the following played in the same period and are not immediately related to any of the others: Adam Jones , Dafydd Jones , Ryan Jones , Stephen Jones , Mark Jones , Adam M. Jones , Alun Wyn Jones , and Duncan Jones . The prevalence of names such as Jones, Williams and Thomas brought

300-554: The reign of Henry VIII surnames became hereditary amongst the Welsh gentry , and the custom spread slowly amongst commoners. Areas where England 's influence was strong had abandoned patronymics earlier, as did town families and the wealthy. New surnames retained the ap in several cases, mainly in reduced form at the start of the surname, as in Upjohn (from ap John ), Powell (from ap Hywel ), Price (from ap Rhys ), Pritchard (from ap Richard ), and Bowen (from ab Owen ). Alternatively,

320-487: The same family name . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change that link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Schalk&oldid=1226509745 " Categories : Given names Surnames Patronymic surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata All set index articles Patronymic surname In

340-472: The same surnames who are not related. It cannot be assumed that two people named Jones , even in the same village, must have inherited the surname from a common ancestor. The stock of Welsh surnames is small. This is partly attributable to the reduction in the variety of baptismal names after the Protestant Reformation . Typical Welsh surnames – Evans, Jones, Williams, Davies, Thomas – were found in

360-456: The times when these laws came into effect, and these surnames mostly display a limited variety reflecting the popularity of male given names during the 18th and 19th centuries in those countries. Most Mauritanian surnames are also patronymic, with names consisting of " Ould " or "Mint" followed by the ancestor's name or names. Heraldry, like early pictographs, logos or icons, also helped designate families across much of Europe. People working for

380-795: The top ten surnames recorded in England and Wales in 2000. An analysis of the geography of Welsh surnames commissioned by the Welsh Government found that 718,000 people in Wales, nearly 35% of the Welsh population, have a family name of Welsh origin, compared with 5.3% in the rest of the United Kingdom , 4.7% in New Zealand , 4.1% in Australia , and 3.8% in the United States . A total of 16.3 million people in

400-627: Was replaced by the genitive suffix "-s", but there are other cases like "ab Evan" being turned into "Bevan". Some Welsh surnames, such as John or Howell , did not acquire the suffix "-s." In some other cases, the suffix was affixed to the surname much later, in the 18th or 19th century. Likewise, in some cases, the "ap" coalesced into the name in some form, as in Broderick (ab Rhydderch), Price (ap Rhys) and Upjohn (ap John). Similarly, last names or surnames were not set in Russia, but patronymic and based on

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