37-580: Satpura Tiger Reserve (STR) also known as Satpura National Park is located in the Narmadapuram district of Madhya Pradesh in India . Its name is derived from the Satpura range . It covers an area of 524 km (202 sq mi). Satpura National Park, along with the adjoining Bori and Pachmarhi wildlife sanctuaries, provides 2,200 km (850 sq mi) of unique central Indian highland ecosystem . It
74-432: A genus of birds in the family Monarchidae . The genus ranges across Africa and Asia, as well as a number of islands. A few species are migratory , but the majority are resident. The most telling characteristic of the genus is the long tail streamers of the males of many species. In addition to the long tails the males and females are sexually dimorphic and have rufous, black and white plumage . The genus Terpsiphone
111-447: A sex ratio of 912 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 76.52%. 31.42% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 16.51% and 15.89% of the population respectively. Languages of Hoshangabad district (2011) At the time of the 2011 Census of India , 96.03% of the population in the district spoke Hindi , 0.97% Gondi and 0.96% Korku as their first language. Hoshangabad
148-450: A medium length grey or blueish bill which is broad and hooked at the end and is surrounded by stiff rictal bristles. The inside of the mouths of paradise-flycatchers are brightly coloured, being either yellow or green. The tails are long, particularly in many species where the male has a massively elongated pair of middle tail feathers. These tail streamers are 195 mm long in the male São Tomé paradise flycatcher and 412 mm long in
185-538: A variety of birds. Hornbills and peafowl are common birds found here. The flora consists of mainly sal , teak , tendu , Phyllanthus emblica , mahua , bel , bamboo , and grasses and medicinal plants . In previous years, there have been sightings of tigers , dholes , Indian gaur and barasingha , although these are rare. Its name is derived from the Satpura Range. Satpura is a Sanskrit word, that means seven mountains (sapta – seven and pura – mountain). It
222-407: Is Pipariya 55 kilometres (34 mi) away. The state capital Bhopal is 210 kilometres (130 mi) away. Satpura National Park is rich in biodiversity . The animals here include leopard , sambar , chital , Indian muntjac , nilgai , four-horned antelope , Chinkara , wild boar , bear , black buck , fox , porcupine , flying squirrel , mouse deer , and Indian giant squirrel . There are
259-453: Is a part of a rich Central Indian forest ecosystem thus it is quite rich in biodiversity. Satpura Tiger Reserve has over 1300 species of plants which are teak, Sal, tendu, mahua (Indian butter-tree), bel (stone-apple), bamboos, and grasses. Satpura Tiger Reserve has more than 62 trees species, 30 small tree species, 58 shrubs species, 32 climber species and almost 64 grass species. It also has important medicinal plants and rare endemic plants from
296-620: Is almost entirely migratory, breeding in Korea and Japan and wintering in the Philippines , Malaysia and Sumatra . It does however also occur in Taiwan , where the population is apparently resident. The Indian paradise flycatcher ranges across the Indian subcontinent and adjoining regions. The movements of the other species are not fully understood, but most are thought to be resident. Several subspecies of
333-659: Is also home to Pachmarhi , a hill station and popular tourist spot in the Satpura Range in the southern part of the district. Pachmarhi was the summer capital of the British Raj Central Provinces and Berar . The Pachmarhi Sanctuary (461.37 km ) is part of the larger Pachmarhi Biosphere Preserve , which extends into Betul and Chhindwara districts. The Rajat Prapat is located at Pachmarhi in Hoshangabad district. Bee Falls, Duchess Falls and Dupgrah,
370-479: Is done for these grasslands to support a size-able population of herbivores which are dependent on them by the Satpura Tiger Reserve administration. Satpura national park, along with its surrounding buffer-zone area have a large and diversified population of wildlife which are rarely seen in other national parks. This forest area is unique in its ecosystem and has a long history of wildlife conservation which
407-405: Is easily accessible via road from the major cities like Jabalpur, Narsinghpur, Chhindwara, Bhopal, and Betul. Narmadapuram district 01 Itarsi 02 Hoshangabad 03 Seoni Malwa 04 Sohagpur 05 babai 06 Bankhedi 07 Dolariya Hoshangabad district , officially Narmadapuram district , is one of the districts of Madhya Pradesh state of India , and Hoshangabad city
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#1732855228930444-452: Is evident from the list of wildlife species currently present. The fauna of Satpura National Park is a stunning jungle treat for wildlife enthusiasts. There are 50 species of mammals, 254 species of birds, 30 species of reptiles, and 50 species of butterflies that are found in the park. Beautiful birds species including Malabar whistling Thrush, Paradise Fly-catcher , Honey Buzzard, Malabar pied Hornbill etc. are present in large numbers. There
481-459: Is longer than the wing, even in the shorter tailed females. The eye is surrounded by an eyering that is a blue thin wattle (slightly more pronounced in some species like the rufous paradise flycatcher ). The plumage of the paradise flycatchers is sexually dimorphic , with rufous, white and black being the most common colours; one species has blue plumage and a few have traces of maroon. Sexual dimorphism can be pronounced (and of course more so in
518-472: Is one of the fastest developing districts of Madhya Pradesh . Agriculture growth is very high of the region. The land is quite fertile and farmers have good canal irrigation facilities from the Tawa Dam throughout the year. The farmers employ rotation of crops and their major income depends on Wheat, Soya Bean, Mung Bean, Sugarcane, Gram, Paddy cultivation etc. Hoshangabad is the largest wheat producer and one of
555-566: Is presence of wide variety of flower species and moist conditions thus are ideal conditions for various butterfly species to flourish like Oakleaf, Black Rajah, Great Eggfly . Along with birds and butterflies its fauna comprises Spotted Deer, Indian Bison (Gaur), Tigers , Leopards, Wild boar, Wild dog (locally called Dholes ), Sloth bear, Black buck (unique attraction), Porcupine , Sambhar , Barasingha , four Horned antelopes ( Chowsingha ), Pangolin , Marsh crocodile, Languars etc. There are about 14 species of endangered mammals and reptiles in
592-534: Is recorded as low as 1 degree in Pachmarhi. The winters are generally bright and cloudless with light showers in early November. The nearest airport is in Bhopal , about 190 km away. The railway station is at Itarsi , about 50 km away, is the biggest railway junction of Central India; several other stations like Narsinghpur and Pipariya are within this radius. The reserve is near to Pachmarhi hill station, which
629-467: Is surrounded by the Satpura hills. Satpura National Park and Madai Tiger Reserve are wildlife. Itarsi Junction is one of the largest and busiest Railway Stations in India. Approximately 250 trains for all over India pass through this station. Other Railway Stations are Hoshangabad , Pipariya , Banapura Sohagpur Bankhedi . The nearest airport is Raja Bhoj Airport Bhopal . Total Literacy of
666-401: Is the district headquarters. The district has an area of 5408.23 km . Hoshangabad district is bounded by the districts of Raisen to the north, Narsinghpur to the east, Chhindwara to the southeast, Betul to the south, Harda to the west, and Sehore to the northwest. In 1998, the western portion of Hoshangabad District was split off to become Harda District. The district lies in
703-462: The 2011 census , Hoshangabad District has a population of 1,241,350, roughly equal to the nation of Trinidad and Tobago or the US state of New Hampshire . This gives it a ranking of 387th in India (out of a total of 640 ). The district has a population density of 185 inhabitants per square kilometre (480/sq mi) . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 14.45%. Hoshangabad has
740-578: The African paradise flycatcher are apparently intra-African migrants, but little is known about these movements. The paradise flycatchers inhabit a range of habitat types, from rainforest to montane forest, woodlands, savanna, mangroves, riparian forest, deciduous forests and bamboo groves, some species will also move into gardens and cultivated habitat. Paradise flycatchers, like all monarch flycatchers, are monogamous and are generally territorial , although in some cases birds may nest close together and defend
777-511: The Narmada River valley, and the Narmada forms the northern boundary of the district, Hoshangabad District is part of Narmadapuram Division . The Tawa River is the longest tributary of the Narmada, rising in the Satpura Range to the south and flowing north to meet the Narmada at the village of Bandra Bhan. The Tawa Reservoir lies in the south-central region of the district. Hoshangabad district
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#1732855228930814-609: The District ;: 54.11% Male Literacy of the District : 67.19% Female Literacy of the District : 39.29% Newspapers: Hoshangabad has a few print publications newspapers such as, Dainik Bhaskar . Television: Doordarshan Broadcasting Center in Itarsi Pipariya and Pachmarhi . 22°40′N 77°30′E / 22.667°N 77.500°E / 22.667; 77.500 Paradise flycatcher See text The paradise flycatchers ( Terpsiphone ) are
851-674: The Satpura Tiger reserve. Indian Giant squirrel is one of the special feature of Satpura Tiger Reserve as it is rare in India now. Some of the species like Indian giant squirrels, Flying squirrels , Rhesus monkeys are endemic to the Central India. Satpura national park lies in Central India where moderate weather conditions prevails. Summer season prevails from March to June and during this time temperature reaches 30 °C in morning hours and 40 °C in day-time. May and June months are of peak summer time with heat waves but in higher regions
888-642: The area which is classified as grasslands including natural blanks on Pachmarhi plateau, anthropogenic grassland due to relocation of villages and draw down areas of Tawa reservoir. These grasslands are named Neemghan, Madai, Keria, Dhain, and Geetkheda. In addition to these, some of the new grasslands have been created by relocation of 23 villages from the core area of the reserve. Mostly all the available grasslands are of anthropogenic origin and are subjected to agriculture and grazing. If these grasslands are not manipulated, they will be invaded by woody plants and eventually disappear. High degree of protection and maintenance
925-641: The genus Psilotum , Cyathea , Osmunda , Lycopodium , and Lygodium . Saal is the most prominent flora of the National Park which is mainly found in the Pachmarhi plateau. The lower plains on the northern side of the park mainly consist of teak forest on basaltic traps. Many species like Melastoma malabathricum , Murraya paniculata , Holmskioldia senguinea , Blumea lanceolaria , and Sophora interrupta are found only in Satpura Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh. Satpura Tiger Reserve has about 10% of
962-650: The highest peak of the Satpuras, are situated in Pachmarhi. Hoshangabad district was part of the Nerbudda (Narmada) Division of the Central Provinces and Berar , which became the state of Madhya Bharat (later Madhya Pradesh ) after India's independence in 1947. Hoshangabad is also called Narmadapuram since it was previously named after the Narmada river, before being renamed after Sultan Hoshang Shah of Malwa. According to
999-448: The largest soya bean producer district in India. There are lot of large and small scale industries(Oil mill, Sugar mill, Wooden, Engineering etc.). Itarsi is the largest economic center and logistic hub in the district. Security Paper Mill , Hoshangabad and Ordnance Factory , Itarsi are most valuable industrial units of Government of India . Pachmarhi is known for its natural environment, and lies at an altitude of 3,555 feet. It
1036-479: The long-tailed males are incubating. The nests are, however, aggressively defended by the pair. Amongst the pair duties are shared but not equally. For example, in the Malagasy paradise flycatcher the female undertakes more brooding responsibilities whereas the male spends more time guarding the nest. The paradise flycatchers are, as their name suggests, insectivores, feeding on a variety of insects, usually obtained on
1073-416: The long-tailed males) or subtle; the female Bedford's paradise flycatcher is identical to the male except slightly duller. Some species sport prominent crests. In some species, for example the Malagasy paradise flycatcher , the males have two or more colour morphs. The paradise flycatchers make a range of vocalisations , these range from whistling songs to harsher calls. These songs and calls are typical of
1110-502: The male Indian paradise flycatcher . The function of the long tail is assumed to be related to sexual selection , with females choosing males based on the length of the tail. Not all species have long tail streamers, for example the blue paradise flycatcher of Palawan in Asia and the Bedford's paradise flycatcher of montane Africa do not have exceptionally long tails. In most species the tail
1147-702: The monarch flycatchers, ranging across sub-Saharan Africa , the Indian subcontinent , Southeast Asia and East Asia . At the northern extreme of its range it reaches Korea and Afghanistan. The species also occurs on a number of islands, including those of Indonesia and the Philippines , Taiwan , and Japan , as well as Madagascar , the Mascarenes and the Seychelles in the Indian Ocean and São Tomé off Africa's Atlantic coast. Several species of paradise flycatcher are migratory . The Japanese paradise flycatcher
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1184-557: The monarch flycatchers. The songs are simpler in the Asian species, for example the call of the Japanese paradise flycatcher is a repeated three syllable whistle. The songs of the African species are more complex and, in the case of species with a large range, vary geographically. The calls are generally simple and are harsh and grating. The paradise flycatchers have the widest distribution of any of
1221-434: The nests together against predators. Females apparently select males based on their tail length, a form of sexual selection. Paradise flycatchers are unusual as exaggerated sexual traits are usually found in promiscuous birds, not monogamous ones. The nests of this genus are neat deep cups placed on a branch or twig, often in a fork. They are usually placed 1–3 m off the ground. They are often very conspicuous, particularly when
1258-578: The temperature remains low. Monsoon arrives in July month and lasts till September or October months. The average rainfall in the region is about 1300–1700 mm. Denwa river is the main water source of the park and Tawa dam has been built on this rivers. Its large encatchment area influences the climatic condition of national park. Winter season can be experienced from November to February during which temperature dips to 4 °C in morning hours around Pachmarhi Plateau and 15 °C in daytime. The lowest temperature
1295-608: Was first explored by Captain James Forsyth of Bengal Lancers in 1862 while he was searching for Indian Freedom Fighter Tantya Tope. It is one of the first declared Reserved Forest Area of India due to its ecological and commercial importance. It became a Tiger Reserve in the year 2000 and therefore it is also called Satpura Tiger Reserve (STR). Satpura National Park, with inclusion of Pachmarhi & Bori Sanctuaries, Satpura Tiger Reserve it covers 1427 km of Hoshangabad and Chhindwara Districts of Madhya Pradesh. Satpura Tiger Reserve
1332-730: Was introduced by the German zoologist Constantin Gloger in 1827. The type species was subsequently designated as the Indian paradise flycatcher . The name is from the Ancient Greek terpsi "delighting in" and phonos "voice". The genus contains 17 species: Formerly, some authorities also considered the following species (or subspecies) as species within the genus Terpsiphone : The paradise flycatchers are generally small birds, around 18 to 21 cm (7.1–8.3 in) in length and weighing 12 to 23 g (0.42–0.81 oz). They have
1369-410: Was set up in 1981. The terrain of the national park is extremely rugged and consists of sandstone peaks, narrow gorges , ravines and dense forests . The altitude ranges from 300 to 1,352 metres (984 to 4,436 ft). It has Dhoopgarh peak as high as 1,350 metres (4,430 ft) and the almost level plains of Churna. The nearest town to the national park is Pachmarhi and the nearest rail-head
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