52-562: Sassuolo ( Italian pronunciation: [sasˈswɔːlo] ; Modenese : Sasól [saˈsoːl] ) is an Italian town , comune , and industrial centre of the Province of Modena in Emilia-Romagna . Standing on the right bank of the river Secchia some 17 kilometres (11 mi) southwest of Modena , the town is best known for being the centre of the Italian tile industry and for being
104-441: A latex additive. The spaces between the tiles are commonly filled with sanded or unsanded floor grout , but traditionally mortar was used. Natural stone tiles can be beautiful but as a natural product they are less uniform in color and pattern, and require more planning for use and installation. Mass-produced stone tiles are uniform in width and length. Granite or marble tiles are sawn on both sides and then polished or finished on
156-411: A cold chisel to knock off high spots. Some stone tiles such as polished granite, marble, and travertine are very slippery when wet. Stone tiles with a riven surface such as slate or with a sawn and then sandblasted or honed surface will be more slip-resistant. Ceramic tiles for use in wet areas can be made more slip-resistant by using very small tiles so that the grout lines acts as grooves, by imprinting
208-416: A contour pattern onto the face of the tile, or by adding a non-slip material, such as sand, to the glazed surface. The hardness of natural stone tiles varies such that some of the softer stone (e.g. limestone) tiles are not suitable for very heavy-traffic floor areas. On the other hand, ceramic tiles typically have a glazed upper surface and when that becomes scratched or pitted the floor looks worn, whereas
260-566: A decorative face. Ceiling tiles very often have patterns on the front face; these are there in most circumstances to aid with the tiles ability to improve acoustics. Ceiling tiles also provide a barrier to the spread of smoke and fire. Breaking, displacing, or removing ceiling tiles enables hot gases and smoke from a fire to rise and accumulate above detectors and sprinklers. Doing so delays their activation, enabling fires to grow more rapidly. Ceiling tiles, especially in old Mediterranean houses, were made of terracotta and were placed on top of
312-455: A default word order of subject–verb–object and both grammatical gender (masculine and feminine) and grammatical number (singular and plural). There is a strong T–V distinction , which distinguishes varying levels of politeness, social distance, courtesy, familiarity or insult. The alphabet, largely adapted from the Italian ( Tuscan ) one, uses a considerable number of diacritics . Emilian
364-634: A distinct feature of the shrines of Multan and Sindh . The Wazir Khan Mosque in Lahore stands out as one of the masterpieces of Kashi time work from the Mughal period . The zellige tradition of Arabic North Africa uses small colored tiles of various shapes to make very complex geometric patterns. It is halfway to mosaic, but as the different shapes must be fitted precisely together, it falls under tiling. The use of small coloured glass fields also make it rather like enamelling , but with ceramic rather than metal as
416-427: A high dialectal fragmentation, to the point the existence of an Emilian koiné has been questioned. Linguasphere Observatory recognises the following dialects: Other definitions include the following: There is no widespread standard orthography. The words below are written in a nonspecific Emilian script. Emilian is written using a Latin script that has never been standardised, and spelling varies widely among
468-512: A painted design covering only one (rather small) blue and white tile, were ubiquitous in Holland and widely exported over Northern Europe from the 16th century on, replacing many local industries. Several 18th century royal palaces had porcelain rooms with the walls entirely covered in porcelain in tiles or panels. Surviving examples include ones at Capodimonte , Naples, the Royal Palace of Madrid and
520-504: A recent innovation and are suitable for areas subject to heavy traffic, wet areas and floors that are subject to movement, damp or contamination from oil, grease or other substances that may prevent adhesion to the substrate. Common uses include old factory floors, garages, gyms and sports complexes, schools and shops. Ceiling tiles are lightweight tiles used inside buildings. They are placed in an aluminium grid; they provide little thermal insulation but are generally designed either to improve
572-455: A sealant being applied, and periodically reapplied, but also on their porosity or how porous the stone is. Slate is an example of a less porous stone while limestone is an example of a more porous stone. Different granites and marbles have different porosities with the less porous ones being more valued and more expensive. Most vendors of stone tiles emphasize that there will be variation in color and pattern from one batch of tiles to another of
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#1732855476604624-475: A single color, usually of glass or sometimes ceramic or stone. There are various tile patterns, such as herringbone , staggered, offset, grid, stacked, pinwheel, parquet de Versailles , basket weave, tiles Art, diagonal, chevron, and encaustic which can range in size, shape, thickness, and color. There are several other types of traditional tiles that remain in manufacture, for example the small, almost mosaic, brightly colored zellij tiles of Morocco and
676-721: A tile is a construction tile or similar object, such as rectangular counters used in playing games (see tile-based game ). The word is derived from the French word tuile , which is, in turn, from the Latin word tegula , meaning a roof tile composed of fired clay. Tiles are often used to form wall and floor coverings, and can range from simple square tiles to complex or mosaics . Tiles are most often made of ceramic , typically glazed for internal uses and unglazed for roofing, but other materials are also commonly used, such as glass, cork, concrete and other composite materials, and stone. Tiling stone
728-650: Is a type of outdoor cement tile and the associated paving style, both found in Barcelona . In 2010, around 5,000,000 m (54,000,000 sq ft) of Barcelona streets were panot-tiled. Portugal and São Luís continue their tradition of azulejo tilework today, with tiles used to decorate buildings, ships, and even rocks. With exceptions, notably the Porcelain Tower of Nanjing , decorated tiles or glazed bricks do not feature largely in East Asian ceramics. Philippines In 17th CE during
780-428: Is an advanced pottery technique. Fired bricks are solid masses of clay heated in kilns to temperatures of between 950° and 1,150° C , and a well-made fired brick is an extremely durable object. Like sun-dried bricks, they were made in wooden molds but for bricks with relief decorations, special molds had to be made. Rooms with tiled floors made of clay decorated with geometric circular patterns have been discovered from
832-575: Is an unstandardized Gallo-Italic language spoken in the Emilia-Romagna region in Northern Italy. Besides Emilian, the Gallo-Italic family includes Romagnol , Piedmontese , Ligurian and Lombard , all of which maintain a level of mutual intelligibility with Emilian. The historical and geographical fragmentation of Emilian communities, divided in many local administrations (as signorie then duchies, with reciprocal exchanges of land), has caused
884-630: Is that the name derives from the Latin words saxum solum meaning " rocky soil ". This last theory seems to have inspired both the coat of arms and the town's motto - sic ex murice gemmae - which is Latin for "thus from the rock, buds". The territory was inhabited in ancient times by the pile-dwelling terramare civilization , then by an Eastern Ligurian tribe - the Friniates - during the Iron Age. The Celt Boii then settled this land around 400 BC, overlapping with
936-528: Is the Shah Mosque in Isfahan, from the 17th century. Its dome is a prime example of tile mosaic and its winter praying hall houses one of the finest ensembles of cuerda seca tiles in the world. A wide variety of tiles had to be manufactured in order to cover complex forms of the hall with consistent mosaic patterns. The result was a technological triumph as well as a dazzling display of abstract ornament. During
988-424: Is the local volleyball team. The Memorial Argo Manfredini tennis tournament is played in the city. Modenese dialect Emilian (Reggian, Parmesan and Modenese: emigliân ; Bolognese : emigliàn ; Italian : emiliano ) is a Gallo-Italic unstandardised language spoken in the historical region of Emilia , which is now in the western part of Emilia-Romagna , Northern Italy . Emilian has
1040-429: Is typically marble, onyx, granite or slate. Thinner tiles can be used on walls than on floors, which require more durable surfaces that will resist impacts. Global production of ceramic tiles, excluding roof tiles, was estimated to be 12.7 billion m in 2019. Decorative tilework or tile art should be distinguished from mosaic , where forms are made of great numbers of tiny irregularly positioned tesserae , each of
1092-682: Is used mostly for Kufic inscriptions on mosque walls. Seyyed Mosque in Isfahan (AD 1122), Dome of Maraqeh (AD 1147) and the Jame Mosque of Gonabad (1212 AD) are among the finest examples. The dome of Jame' Atiq Mosque of Qazvin is also dated to this period. The golden age of Persian tilework began during the Timurid Empire . In the moraq technique, single-color tiles were cut into small geometric pieces and assembled by pouring liquid plaster between them. After hardening, these panels were assembled on
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#17328554766041144-574: The Life of Christ , possibly for a wall rather than a floor, while their 13th century "Chertsey Tiles", though from an abbey, show scenes of Richard the Lionheart battling with Saladin in very high-quality work. Medieval letter tiles were used to create Christian inscriptions on church floors. Medieval influences between Middle Eastern tilework and tilework in Europe were mainly through Islamic Iberia and
1196-533: The Armistice of Cassibile was made public on 8 September 1943, Sassuolo was swiftly occupied by German troops. The occupation was met with strong resistance from the civilian population, until the town was liberated on 23 April 1945 ( Saint George's Day ) by the Brazilian Expeditionary Force . Located in the central-western area of its province, at the border with Reggio Emilia , Sassuolo borders with
1248-454: The Byzantine and Ottoman Empires . The Alhambra zellige are said to have inspired the tessellations of M. C. Escher . Medieval encaustic tiles were made of multiple colours of clay, shaped and baked together to form a pattern that, rather than sitting on the surface, ran right through the thickness of the tile, and thus would not wear away. Azulejos are derived from zellij , and
1300-670: The Safavid period , mosaic ornaments were often replaced by a haft rang (seven colors) technique. Pictures were painted on plain rectangle tiles, glazed and fired afterwards. Besides economic reasons, the seven colors method gave more freedom to artists and was less time-consuming. It was popular until the Qajar period , when the palette of colors was extended by yellow and orange. The seven colors of Haft Rang tiles were usually black , white , ultramarine , turquoise , red , yellow and fawn . The Persianate tradition continued and spread to much of
1352-502: The Friniates. The Boii were the most powerful and numerous Celtic tribe of Northern Italy, or Cisalpine Gaul , which they fiercely defended from the Romans . Although the archeological evidence is scarce, it is hypothesized that a Roman castrum may have been built in the area because of its strategic position. The first historical mention of the current settlement dates back to 980. In 1039
1404-503: The Great 's palace at Susa , and buildings at Persepolis. The succeeding Sassanid Empire used tiles patterned with geometric designs, flowers, plants, birds and human beings, glazed up to a centimeter thick. Early Islamic mosaics in Iran consist mainly of geometric decorations in mosques and mausoleums , made of glazed brick. Typical, turquoise, tiling becomes popular in 10th-11th century and
1456-742: The Islamic world, notably the İznik pottery of Turkey under the Ottoman Empire in the 16th and 17th centuries. Palaces, public buildings, mosques and türbe mausoleums were heavily decorated with large brightly colored patterns, typically with floral motifs, and friezes of astonishing complexity, including floral motifs and calligraphy as well as geometric patterns. Islamic buildings in Bukhara in central Asia (16th-17th century) also exhibit very sophisticated floral ornaments. In South Asia monuments and shrines adorned with Kashi tile work from Persia became
1508-521: The Sassuolo district (as Marazzi Group, Refin and Marca Corona,). The city is currently the centre of Italian tile industry and one of the most important tile producers in the world. Sassuolo is the home town of Serie A side U.S. Sassuolo Calcio ; it also includes the stadium Stadio Enzo Ricci . However, the team no longer play games in the city, having moved first to Stadio Alberto Braglia in Modena which
1560-424: The acoustics of a room or to reduce the volume of air being heated or cooled. Mineral fiber tiles are fabricated from a range of products; wet felt tiles can be manufactured from perlite, mineral wool, and fibers from recycled paper; stone wool tiles are created by combining molten stone and binders which is then spun to create the tile; gypsum tiles are based on the soft mineral and then finished with vinyl, paper or
1612-505: The ancient remains of Kalibangan , Balakot and Ahladino Tiling was used in the second century by the Sinhalese kings of ancient Sri Lanka , using smoothed and polished stone laid on floors and in swimming pools. The techniques and tools for tiling is advanced, evidenced by the fine workmanship and close fit of the tiles. Such tiling can be seen in Ruwanwelisaya and Kuttam Pokuna in
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1664-566: The application of glaze, or the use of a ceramic engobe . Contrary to popular belief a glaze does not weatherproof a tile, the porosity of the clay body is what determines how well a tile will survive harsh weather conditions. These are commonly made of ceramic or stone, although recent technological advances have resulted in rubber or glass tiles for floors as well. Ceramic tiles may be painted and glazed. Small mosaic tiles may be laid in various patterns. Floor tiles are typically set into mortar consisting of sand , Portland cement and often
1716-467: The city of Anuradhapura . The nine-storied Lovamahapaya (3rd century BCE) had copper roof tiles. The roofs were tiled, with red, white, yellow, turquoise and brown tiles. There were also tiles made of bronze . Sigiriya also had an elaborate gatehouse made of timber and brick masonry with multiple tiled roofs. The massive timber doorposts remaining today indicate this. The Achaemenid Empire decorated buildings with glazed brick tiles, including Darius
1768-1004: The colonialization of Spain in the Philippines, they introduced the Baldozas Mosaicos to describe the Mediterranean cement tiles, but they are now more commonly referred to as Machuca tiles during the 19th CE, named after Don Pepe, the son of the renowned producer of Baldozas Mosaicos in the Philippines, Don Jose Machuca by Romero Roof tiles are overlapping tiles designed mainly to keep out precipitation such as rain or snow , and are traditionally made from locally available materials such as clay or slate . Later tiles have been made from materials such as concrete , and plastic . Roof tiles can be affixed by screws or nails , but in some cases historic designs such as Marseilles tiles utilize interlocking systems that can be self-supporting. Tiles typically cover an underlayment system, which seals
1820-742: The dialects. The dialects were largely oral and rarely written until some time in the late 20th century; a large amount of written media in Emilian has been created since World War II . Tile Tiles are usually thin, square or rectangular coverings manufactured from hard-wearing material such as ceramic , stone , metal, baked clay, or even glass . They are generally fixed in place in an array to cover roofs, floors, walls, edges, or other objects such as tabletops. Alternatively, tile can sometimes refer to similar units made from lightweight materials such as perlite , wood , and mineral wool , typically used for wall and ceiling applications. In another sense,
1872-533: The focal points of mosques, were usually the places where most sophisticated tilework was placed. The 14th-century mihrab at Madrasa Imami in Isfahan is an outstanding example of aesthetic union between the Islamic calligrapher's art and abstract ornament. The pointed arch , framing the mihrab's niche, bears an inscription in Kufic script used in 9th-century Qur'an . One of the best known architectural masterpieces of Iran
1924-402: The home town of Serie B side U.S. Sassuolo Calcio . The exact origin of the toponym Sassuolo is unclear. One theory is that it might derive from the abundant deposits of petroleum found in the area. This is because petroleum was anciently known as " stone oil " or " olio di sasso " in Italian, from which the composite word Sassuolo ( sasso + olio ) may have been created. Another hypothesis
1976-415: The municipalities of Casalgrande ( RE ), Castellarano (RE), Fiorano Modenese , Formigine , Prignano sulla Secchia and Serramazzoni . It counts the hamlets ( frazioni ) of Montegibbio, Salvarola Terme and San Michele dei Mucchietti. The industrial growth of Sassuolo began in the 1950s. Eighty percent of all Italian ceramic tiles are produced here, with more than 300 ceramic factories operating in
2028-558: The name is likewise derived. The term is both a simple Portuguese and Spanish term for zellige, and a term for later tilework following the tradition. Some azujelos are small-scale geometric patterns or vegetative motifs, some are blue monochrome and highly pictorial, and some are neither. The Baroque period produced extremely large painted scenes on tiles, usually in blue and white, for walls. Azulejos were also used in Latin American architecture. Delftware wall tiles, typically with
2080-525: The nearby Royal Palace of Aranjuez . The Victorian period saw a great revival in tilework, largely as part of the Gothic Revival , but also the Arts and Crafts Movement . Patterned tiles, or tiles making up patterns, were now mass-produced by machine and reliably level for floors and cheap to produce, especially for churches, schools and public buildings, but also for domestic hallways and bathrooms. For many uses
2132-712: The palaces of the Persian Empire such as Persepolis . The use of sun-dried bricks or adobe was the main method of building in Mesopotamia where river mud was found in abundance along the Tigris and Euphrates . Here the scarcity of stone may have been an incentive to develop the technology of making kiln-fired bricks to use as an alternative. To strengthen walls made from sun-dried bricks, fired bricks began to be used as an outer protective skin for more important buildings like temples, palaces, city walls, and gates. Making fired bricks
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2184-632: The river Secchia . The town was then ruled by the Este family until 1499, when it became the capital of the homonymous signoria ruled by the house of Pio . In 1599 the signoria was directly annexed to the Duchy of Modena and Reggio of which it remained a possession until the Italian Unification . From 1861 onwards, Sassuolo grew both in size and population. During the Second World War, immediately after
2236-450: The roof against water intrusion. Clay roof tiles historically gained their color purely from the clay that they were composed of, resulting in largely red, orange, and tan colored roofs. Over time some cultures, notably in Asia, began to apply glazes to clay tiles, achieving a wide variety of colors and combinations. Modern clay roof tiles typically source their color from kiln firing conditions,
2288-479: The same amount of wear on natural stone tiles will not show, or will be less noticeable. Natural stone tiles can be stained by spilled liquids; they must be sealed and periodically resealed with a sealant in contrast to ceramic tiles which only need their grout lines sealed. However, because of the complex, nonrepeating patterns in natural stone, small amounts of dirt on many natural stone floor tiles do not show. The tendency of floor tiles to stain depends not only on
2340-622: The same description and variation within the same batch. Stone floor tiles tend to be heavier than ceramic tiles and somewhat more prone to breakage during shipment. Rubber floor tiles have a variety of uses, both in residential and commercial settings. They are especially useful in situations where it is desired to have high-traction floors or protection for an easily breakable floor. Some common uses include flooring of garage, workshops, patios, swimming pool decks, sport courts, gyms, and dance floors. Plastic floor tiles including interlocking floor tiles that can be installed without adhesive or glue are
2392-562: The support. Medieval Europe made considerable use of painted tiles, sometimes producing very elaborate schemes, of which few have survived. Religious and secular stories were depicted. The imaginary tiles with Old Testament scenes shown on the floor in Jan van Eyck 's 1434 Annunciation in Washington are an example. The 14th century "Tring tiles" in the British Museum show childhood scenes from
2444-649: The surrounding countries. The earliest evidence of glazed brick is the discovery of glazed bricks in the Elamite Temple at Chogha Zanbil , dated to the 13th century BC. Glazed and colored bricks were used to make low reliefs in Ancient Mesopotamia , most famously the Ishtar Gate of Babylon ( c. 575 BC ), now partly reconstructed in Berlin , with sections elsewhere. Mesopotamian craftsmen were imported for
2496-448: The top surface so that they have a uniform thickness. Other natural stone tiles such as slate are typically "riven" (split) on the top surface so that the thickness of the tile varies slightly from one spot on the tile to another and from one tile to another. Variations in tile thickness can be handled by adjusting the amount of mortar under each part of the tile, by using wide grout lines that "ramp" between different thicknesses, or by using
2548-499: The tougher encaustic tile was used. Wall tiles in various styles also revived; the rise of the bathroom contributing greatly to this, as well as greater appreciation of the benefit of hygiene in kitchens. William De Morgan was the leading English designer working in tiles, strongly influenced by Islamic designs. Since the Victorian period tiles have remained standard for kitchens and bathrooms, and many types of public area. Panot
2600-470: The town became part of the domains of Boniface of Canossa and was thus inherited by his daughter Matilda in 1076. In 1078, the consuls of Sassuolo swore loyalty to the commune of Modena . When Matilda died in 1115, the town became independent both from Tuscany and Modena. In 1373, the city was given to the Este family at the request of the citizens themselves, in exchange for the right to extract water from
2652-694: The walls of buildings. But the mosaic was not limited to flat areas. Tiles were used to cover both the interior and exterior surfaces of domes. Prominent Timurid examples of this technique include the Jame Mosque of Yazd (AD 1324–1365), Goharshad Mosque (AD 1418), the Madrassa of Khan in Shiraz (AD 1615), and the Molana Mosque (AD 1444). Other important tile techniques of this time include girih tiles , with their characteristic white girih, or straps. Mihrabs , being
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#17328554766042704-514: Was Sassuolo's temporary home while playing in Serie B from 2008 and subsequently to Reggio Emilia at the renovated Stadio Città del Tricolore (formerly Stadio Giglio) in a venue-sharing agreement with Lega Pro Prima Divisione club Reggiana . Upon their promotion to Serie A in 2013 U.S. Sassuolo Calcio ; joined a select group of teams not belonging to a provincial capital city: Empoli , Legnano , Pro Patria , Carpi and Casale . Volley Sassuolo
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