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31-509: Sanmu is located in the northeastern part of Chiba prefecture, about 30 kilometres (19 mi) from the prefectural capital of Chiba and about 60 to 70 kilometres (37 to 43 mi) from the center of Tokyo. It is included in the urban employment area of Tokyo metropolis. Most of the city is located in the flatlands of the Kujūkuri Plain, which runs from the center to the south of Kujūkuri Beach , one of Japan's leading sandy beaches, and faces

62-449: A Designated City of Japan on April 1, 1992. Per Japanese census data, Chiba's population has expanded significantly over the past 70 years. As of February 2016, the city had an estimated population of 972,861 and a population density of 3,580 persons per km . The total area of the city is 271.76 km (104.93 sq mi). There were 19,135 registered foreign residents in the city as of March 31, 2007, constituting about 2% of

93-552: A humid subtropical climate ( Köppen climate classification Cfa ) with hot summers and cool to mild winters. Precipitation is significant throughout the year, but is somewhat lower in winter. One of the many points of interest is the Experimental Station for Landscape Plants . Chiba plays host to the annual International Chiba Ekiden and the Chiba International Cross Country takes place just outside

124-543: A process that continued until 1944. Large-scale land reclamation added to the area of the city throughout the 20th century. The city was a major center of military production leading up to the Pacific War, and the aerial bombing of Chiba in 1945. The city was almost completely destroyed by the end of the war. Post-war industrialization led to the city becoming a major part of the Keiyō Industrial Zone . Chiba became

155-787: A video game". Historically, the Shimosa Plateau formed sea cliffs along Tokyo Bay In the Edo period villages appeared in the valleys of the small rivers that cut the plateau. From the west, these villages were Yatsu Village, Kuguta Village (at the Kikuta River), Saginuma Village which is now Narashino City, Makuwari Village (at the Hamada River), Kemigawa Village (at the Hanami River), Inage Village, and Kurosuna Village (near present-day Inage just west of Chiba City center). The Makurahi area

186-507: Is a community in Chiba City , Chiba Prefecture , Japan. It is within Hanamigawa-ku and Mihama-ku . The seaside area of Makuhari was reclaimed from the sea. The district was constructed in a span of 10 years. Steven Poole, author of Trigger Happy , described it as "Japan's own vision of the future now". Poole added that is a "shrine to techno-optimism" that "looks just like a city out of

217-581: Is bounded by medium-sized alluvial plains, from the Ebi River estuary lowland at the center of Funabashi City in the west to the Miyako River estuary lowland near the center of Chiba City in the east. Makuhari Village was formed when Maga Village, centered in the valley of the Hamada River, merged with the villages of Takeshi, Amado, Chosaku, and Mimomi upstream. Makuhari Village cultivated rice paddies in

248-577: Is famous for the Chiba Urban Monorail , the longest suspended monorail in the world. Some popular destinations in the city include: Kasori Shell Midden, the largest shell mound in the world at 134,000 m (160,000 sq yd), Inage Beach, the first artificial beach in Japan which forms part of the longest artificial beach in Japan, and the Chiba Zoological Park , popular on account of

279-432: Is home to Chiba Port , which handles one of the highest volumes of cargo in Japan. Much of the city is residential, although there are many factories and warehouses along the coast. There are several major urban centres in the city, including Makuhari , a prime waterfront business district in which Makuhari Messe is located, and Central Chiba, in which the prefectural government office and the city hall are located. Chiba

310-475: Is the capital city of Chiba Prefecture , Japan. It sits about 40 kilometres (25 mi) east of the centre of Tokyo on Tokyo Bay . The city became a government-designated city in 1992. In June 2019, its population was 979,768, with a population density of 3,605 people per km . The city has an area of 271.77 square kilometres (104.93 sq mi). Chiba City is one of the Kantō region 's primary seaports, and

341-608: The Chiba Prefectural Board of Education and two public high schools operated by the Chiba City Board of Education, including Inage Senior High School . There are also nine private high schools, including the Makuhari Junior and Senior High School . Chiba has 114 public and one private elementary school and 59 public and one private middle school. Chiba City is twinned with: Makuhari Makuhari ( 幕張 )

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372-562: The Hotta clan stabilized the governance of their territory. Chiba prospered in this period as a shukuba ( 宿場 ) post-town of the Tokugawa shogunate . After the Meiji Restoration in 1868, Chiba Prefecture was established in 1873 with the merger of Kisarazu Prefecture and Inba Prefecture. The border between Kisarazu and Inba was the location of Chiba Town and was thus chosen as the location of

403-629: The Sakura ( 佐倉氏 ) clans governed the area now occupied by the city. A part of the area was also governed directly by the Tokugawa Bakufu . The Oyumi clan governed their territory stably. On the other hand, according to the Sakura clan, from the beginning of the Edo period , changed governors frequently, including Takeda Nobuyoshi , Matsudaira Tadateru , Ogasawara Yoshitsugu ( 小笠原吉次 ) , and Doi Toshikatsu . Finally

434-647: The Chiba clan. The clan's power extended in the region until the Muromachi period . The Chiba clan's power and influence declined because of wars around the Kantō region during the Nanboku-chō and Muromachi periods . In the 16th century, the Hara clan , which were vassals of Chiba clan, took control of the region from the Chiba clan and built Inohana Castle . In the Sengoku period ,

465-762: The Hara clan was forcibly removed by Ashikaga Yoshiaki (足利義明, not to be confused with 足利義昭 ). Then, Ashikaga Yoshiaki was also removed by the Sakai (酒井 not to be confused with the Sakai clan in Mikawa ) clan, which was one of the servants of the Satomi (里見) clan. Finally both the Chiba and Sakai clans were annihilated by Toyotomi Hideyoshi . In the Edo period , the Oyumi ( 生実氏 ) , Morikawa ( 森川氏 ) clan, and

496-696: The Pacific Ocean for about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi). Chiba Prefecture Sanmu has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa ) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Sanmu is 14.8 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1550 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25.9 °C, and lowest in January, at around 4.8 °C. Per Japanese census data,

527-551: The border between Chiba City and Narashino City in the west, to the Hanami River in the east, was originally named the "Makuhari Landfill". Makuharihongo Station on the Japan Railways Sobu Line is located on a plateau just to the west of the lowland area of the Hamada River valley. Makuhari Station is located on a sand dune to the east. At the top of the sand dunes on the south side of Keisei Makuhari Station

558-513: The city is part of Chiba 11th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan . Due to mixed plantings of Japanese red pine , Japanese cypress , and Japanese cedar , Sanmu was a center of wood production until 1923 at the end of the Taishō period . Many in the town remain active in the woodworking and carpentry trade. Small-scale agriculture in Sanmu produces a variety of fruits and vegetables, but

589-892: The city. Chiba Velodrome is located within the city. It also hosts the Bridgestone Open golf tournament. Chiba is home to several professional sports teams, most notably: There is no commercial airport within city limits. Narita International Airport and Tokyo International Airport (Haneda) are the closest major airports. The Chiba Urban Monorail runs through Chiba City. The major intercity railway stations are Chiba Station , ( Sobu Line , Sotobō Line , Uchibo Line , Sōbu Main Line , Narita Line , transfer for Chiba Urban Monorail ), Keisei Chiba Station ( Keisei Chiba Line ), and Soga Station , ( Keiyō Line , Sotobō Line , Uchibo Line ) all in Chūō-ku. Chiba has 20 public high schools operated by

620-586: The late Heian period . The branch of the Taira adopted the name and became the Chiba clan , which held strong influence over the area of the prefecture until the Azuchi–Momoyama period . The name "Chiba" was chosen for Chiba Prefecture at the time of its creation in 1873 by the Assembly of Prefectural Governors ( 地方官会議 , Chihō Kankai Kaigi ) , an early Meiji-period body of prefectural governors that met to decide

651-473: The lowlands of the Hamada River valley and field crops on the surrounding plateaus. Sand dunes spread between the mouths of the Hamada River and the Hanami River to the east. This area was once known for producing high-quality carrots, most famously the "Makuhari Carrots" brand. Today, only a few fields remain on the plateau on the west bank of the Hamada River and on the sand dunes on the east bank. The soil on

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682-425: The population of Sanmu peaked around the year 2000 and has declined since. The area of Sanmu was part of ancient Kazusa Province . The city of Sanmu was established on March 27, 2006, from the merger of the towns of Sanbu , Matsuo and Narutō , and the village of Hasunuma (all from Sanbu District ). The kanji for the city name are the same as for the former town of Sanbu, but is pronounced differently. Sanmu

713-532: The prefectural government. With the opening of the Sobu Main Line , Chiba developed rapidly, becoming the political, economic, and cultural capital of Chiba Prefecture. The town of Chiba was established within Chiba District with the creation of the municipalities system on April 1, 1889. Chiba City formed on January 1, 1921. Numerous small villages and towns were merged into the previous town of Chiba ( 千葉町 ) ,

744-461: The same position in Chiba District two years later. Here he proclaimed himself Chiba Tsuneshige ( 千葉常重 ) , became a kokushi governor of the province, and used the area around present-day Chiba City as a power base to rule over Shimōsa Province, Kazusa Province , as well as establish himself as a military force in the Kantō region . Tsuneshige's son, Chiba Tsunetane ( 千葉常胤 ) (1118–1201)

775-532: The standing red panda Futa . The name of Chiba in the Japanese language is formed from two kanji characters. The first, 千 , means " thousand " and the second, 葉 means "leaves". The name first appears as an ancient kuni no miyatsuko , or regional command office, as Chiha no Kuni no Miyatsuko ( 千葉国造 ) . The name was adopted by a branch of the Taira clan , which moved to the area in present-day Chiba City in

806-404: The structure of local and regional administration in Japan. The first records related to the city of Chiba record the emigration of Taira Tsuneshige (1083?–1088), a powerful bushi warlord of the late Heian period, to Shimōsa Province , which historically occupied the north of Chiba Prefecture. Tsuneshige was appointed as gunji administrator of Sōma District , but was transferred to

837-686: The total population. It is the 13th most populous city in Japan as of 2022. Chiba was governed by Keiichi Tsuruoka , an independent (elected with support of LDP and Kōmeitō ), until May 1, 2009. He was arrested in April 2009 during a corruption investigation by the Tokyo Metropolitan Police. He was succeeded by Toshihito Kumagai of the DPJ , who won election in June 2009. The city assembly has 54 elected members. Chiba has six wards ( ku ): Chiba has

868-678: The town is noted for carrots , watermelon , peanuts . The town also attracts tourists to its numerous strawberry farms. Sanmu serves as a bedroom community for nearby Chiba and Tokyo, and housing development continues in the city. Sanmu has 13 public elementary schools and six public middle schools operated by the city government, and two public high schools operated by the Chiba Prefectural Board of Education [REDACTED] JR East – Sōbu Main Line [REDACTED] JR East – Tōgane Line Chiba, Chiba Chiba ( 千葉市 , Chiba-shi , pronounced [tɕiꜜba] )

899-520: The west bank near Makuhari Hongo Station is reddish brown, typical of the Kanto Loam layer, while the fields on the east bank near Makuhari Station are a whitish sand color, showing the different characteristics of the fields in the two areas. During the 1960s and 1970s, land was reclaimed along Tokyo Bay including what is now the Makuhari area of Mihama Ward . The area centered on the Hamada River, from

930-468: Was damaged by a tsunami as a result of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami , with 43 buildings destroyed and 438 buildings partially destroyed, but with only one fatality. Sanmu has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 20 members. Sanmu contributes one member to the Chiba Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics,

961-468: Was instrumental in aiding Minamoto no Yoritomo (1147–1199) with the establishment of the Kamakura shogunate . Tsuneshige built a spacious residence and numerous temples in present-day Chiba City, and in the same period he transferred his power base from Ōji Castle to a mansion in present-day Chiba City. The area of present-day Chiba City became jōkamachi ( 城下町 ) , or castle town , and prospered under

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