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31-550: The Salle Ventadour , a former Parisian theatre in the rue Neuve-Ventadour, now the rue Méhul ( 2nd arrondissement of Paris ), was built between 1826 and 1829 for the Opéra-Comique , to designs by Jacques-Marie Huvé , a prominent architect. The original theatre had a capacity of 1,106, but was subsequently taken over by the Théâtre-Italien and expanded to a capacity of 1,295 in 1841, thereafter becoming perhaps most noteworthy as

62-558: A monthly publication, the Repertory of English Literature . In 1814 he began to publish the Galignani's Messenger , a daily paper printed in English. After his death in 1821, his two sons, John Anthony (1796–1873) and William (1798–1882) continued publishing the paper. Under their management it enjoyed a high reputation for its global coverage and emphasis on progressive news. Its stated policy

93-461: A water sprite who marries a knight in order to save her soul, and used music from E. T. A. Hoffmann 's opera of the same name ; a full-length ballet William Tell with music by the German composer Jacques Strunz; a one-act ballet Le nouveau Robinson which also utilized the water; and a chinoiserie entitled Chao-Kang . These were interspersed with choruses by Carl Maria von Weber and others, sung by

124-530: Is located on the right bank of the River Seine . The 2nd arrondissement, together with the adjacent 8th and 9th arrondissements, hosts an important business district, centred on the Paris Opéra , which houses the city's most dense concentration of business activities. The arrondissement contains the former Paris Bourse ( stock exchange ) and several banking headquarters, as well as a textile district, known as

155-679: Is the sole state-operated high school in the arrondissement. École Élémentaire Privée Saint-Sauveur is the sole private primary school institution in the second arrondissement. Private secondary school institutions include École du 2nd Degré Général Privée Rene Reaumur , École Générale et Technologique Privée Lafayette , École du 2nd degré professionnel privée CTRE PRI ENS SOINS ESTHETIQUES , École du 2nd degré professionnel privée EC INTERNATIONALE DE COIFFURE , École du 2nd degré professionnel privée ECOLE DE BIJOUTERIE-JOAILLERIE , and École technologique privée ITECOM INST TECHN COMMUNIC . There are several streets with an Egyptian connection in

186-592: The arrondissement was created in 1860, so we do not have figures before 1861. An immigrant is a person born in a foreign country not having French citizenship at birth. An immigrant may have acquired French citizenship since moving to France, but is still considered an immigrant in French statistics. On the other hand, persons born in France with foreign citizenship (the children of immigrants) are not listed as immigrants. The French newspaper L'Obs has its head office in

217-497: The Banque de France since 1893. Gustave Chouquet , writing in the 1900 edition of George Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians , described the renovated building as follows: "its pediment, still decorated with statues of the Muses, now bears the words 'Banque d'escompte de Paris,' a truly exasperating sight". 2nd arrondissement of Paris Also known as Bourse, this arrondissement

248-886: The Galerie Vivienne , the Passage Choiseul , the Galerie Colbert , the Passage des Princes , the Passage du Grand Cerf , the Passage du Caire , the Passage Lemoine , the Passage Jouffroy , the Passage Basfour , the Passage du Bourg-L'abbé , and the Passage du Ponceau . The 2nd arrondissement is Paris's smallest arrondissement, with a land area of just 0.992 km , or 99.2 hectares (0.383 sq. miles, or 245 acres). The 2nd arrondissement reached its peak of settlement in

279-529: The Gazette musicale but spent half of its time describing her previous appearance as Ophelia and the important influence it had had on the French style of acting. Not all the reviews were entirely negative: the English-language Galignani's Messenger praised Smithson, saying that the "single feature worth naming of this piece is the performance of Madame Berlioz, as the wife of the condamné , in which

310-553: The Sentier , and the Opéra-Comique 's theatre, the Salle Favart . The 2nd arrondissement is the home of Grand Rex, the largest movie theater in Paris. The 2nd arrondissement is also the home of most of Paris's surviving 19th-century glazed commercial arcades. At the beginning of the 19th century, most of the streets of Paris were dark, muddy, and lacked sidewalks . A few entrepreneurs copied

341-607: The Belgian soprano Marie Heilbronn sang Juliet. The same singers later appeared in a production at Covent Garden which was performed three times beginning on 24 May 1879. The text was considered "coarse", and the music received a lukewarm response. After the Théâtre-Italien company went out of business in 1878, the Salle Ventadour was sold on 20 January 1879 and transformed into offices. The building has been primarily occupied by

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372-587: The Opéra-Comique left the Salle Ventadour and moved to the Salle de la Bourse , where it opened on 24 September 1832. The Salle Ventadour was reopened on 10 June 1834 as the Théâtre Nautique ;— "nautique" since some of the main attractions were works performed in a basin of water on the stage. The programs included the ballet - pantomime Les ondines , which was based on Fouqué 's novella Undine , about

403-502: The Paris premiere of his Requiem on 30 May 1876. The Théâtre-Italien shared the theater briefly, from 26 June to 4 July 1853, with the Opéra-Comique, and from 16 March 1868 to 5 May 1868 the theater was shared with a new company directed by Léon Carvalho , which was an extension of his Théâtre Lyrique on the Place du Châtelet. The name Théâtre de la Renaissance was revived for the use of Carvalho's venture, in order to distinguish it from

434-541: The Salle Favart, by fire on 15 January 1838. Only one opera new to Paris was presented, Gaetano Donizetti's Parisina . The company moved to the Odéon for three years before returning to the Salle Ventadour in 1841. While the Théâtre-Italien company was at the Odéon, the Salle Ventadour was rented by Anténor Joly, who with the encouragement of the two great French romantic dramatists Victor Hugo and Alexandre Dumas , remodeled

465-473: The Théâtre-Italien. Carvalho had overextended himself, however, and soon went bankrupt. The Théâtre-Italien also shared the theater with the Paris Opéra from 19 January to December 1874 (in the period after the Opéra's Salle Le Peletier burned down on 28 October 1873 and before the opening of the Opéra's new Palais Garnier on 5 January 1875). Companies sharing the theatre usually performed on alternate nights. At

496-470: The agony and despair of such a situation is depicted with the fidelity and painful truth only within the reach of a perfect artiste." But apparently her performances were not enough to rescue the enterprise, and the Théâtre Nautique closed in 1835. The Salle Ventadour was used for a brief time by the Théâtre-Italien (30 January 1838 to 31 March 1838) after the destruction of the company's previous home,

527-517: The area, reflecting interest in Napoleon 's Egypt expedition of 1798–1801: rue du Nil , rue du Caire , passage du Caire, rue d' Aboukir , and rue d' Alexandrie . Giovanni Antonio Galignani Giovanni Antonio Galignani (1757–1821) was an Italian newspaper publisher born at Brescia . After living some time in London , he moved to Paris , where in 1800 he started an English library, and in 1808

558-798: The arrondissement. Bourbon has its head office in the arrondissement. All Nippon Airways has its Paris Office in the arrondissement. China Airlines also has its France office in the arrondissement. Aigle Azur 's registered office is in the arrondissement. In terms of state-operated schools, the second arrondissement has three nursery schools ( écoles maternelles ), five primary schools ( écoles élémentaires ), and one high school ( lycée ). The nursery schools are École Maternelle Dussoubs , École Maternelle Saint Denis , and École Maternelle Vivienne . The primary schools are École Élémentaire Beauregard , École Élémentaire Dussoubs , École Élémentaire Etienne Marcel , École Élémentaire Jussienne , and École Élémentaire Louvois . Collège César Franck

589-517: The company was not limited to plays: Joly also mounted three new operas by Friedrich von Flotow , including Lady Melvil on 15 November 1838 (with some music also written by Albert Grisar and Sophie Anne Thillon as Lady Melvil), L'eau merveilleuse on 30 January 1839, and Le naufrage de la Méduse on 31 May 1839; and on 6 August 1839 the premiere of Donizetti's Lucie de Lammermoor , a French version of his Lucia di Lammermoor , with Thillon as Lucia and Achille Ricciardi as Edgardo. Joly's venture

620-660: The important singers appearing in Verdi's operas were Giorgio Ronconi , Adelaide Borghi-Mamo , and Gaetano Fraschini . Verdi is reported to have referred to the Salle Ventadour as his favorite opera house in Paris. Besides opera, the Salle Ventadour was also sometimes used for concerts. Giaocchino Rossini's Stabat Mater received its premiere there on 7 January 1842. Richard Wagner conducted three concerts devoted to his own music, including extracts from The Flying Dutchman , Tannhäuser , Tristan und Isolde , and Lohengrin , on 25 January, and 1 and 8 February 1860. Verdi conducted

651-433: The instigation of the French tenor Victor Capoul the first professional public performance of the opera Les amants de Vérone with text and music by the marquis d'Ivry  [ fr ] was mounted at the Salle Ventadour on 12 October 1878. The libretto follows Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet more closely than that of the opera by Gounod , but the marquis d'Ivry's opera suffered in comparison. Capoul sang Romeo, and

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682-478: The members of a German company that was being formed in Paris at that time. The entr'acte was the overture to Weber's opera Oberon . The reviews were not good, and the size of the audience decreased over time. Harriet Smithson , the Irish actress who had married the French composer Hector Berlioz on 3 October 1833, appeared with the Théâtre Nautique, opening on 22 November 1834 in a one-act pantomime put together by

713-549: The one-act opera Les deux mousquetaires by Henri Montan Berton , the overture to Étienne Méhul 's opera Le jeune Henri , and the three-act opera La fiancée with music by Daniel Auber and a libretto by Eugène Scribe . The Opéra-Comique presented 32 premieres during its time at the Salle Ventadour, including one of François-Adrien Boieldieu 's last operas Les deux nuits on 20 May 1829, Auber's Fra Diavolo (as L'hôtellerie de Terracine ) on 28 January 1830, and Ferdinand Hérold 's Zampa on 3 May 1831. After 22 March 1832

744-451: The resident choreographer Louis Henry. He called the concoction La derniére heure d'un condamné , and it used music by Cesare Pugni . The scenario took advantage of her talent for mad scenes: she had previously performed Ophelia in an English-language production of Shakespeare's Hamlet at the Théâtre de l'Odéon to great acclaim in 1827. The new piece was a pantomime, since Smithson's French

775-456: The success of the Passage des Panoramas and its well-lit, dry, and paved pedestrian passageways. By the middle of the 19th century, there were about two dozen of these commercial malls, but most of them disappeared as the Paris authorities paved the main streets and added sidewalks, as well as gas street lighting . The commercial survivors are – in addition to the Passage des Panoramas –

806-476: The theatre and renamed it the Théâtre de la Renaissance . Their aim was to bring together in one theatre the elitist and popular audiences of Paris. The new company opened on 8 November 1838 with the premiere of Hugo's drama Ruy Blas with Frédérick Lemaître in the title role. It ran for 48 performances. Two new plays by Dumas were also presented, Bathilde (14 January 1839) and L'alchimiste (10 April 1839), although these were less successful. The repertoire of

837-473: The theatre in which the majority of the operas of the Italian composer Giuseppe Verdi were first performed in France. When the Théâtre-Italien company went out of business in 1878, the theatre was converted to offices. The Opéra-Comique first performed at the Salle Ventadour on 20 April 1829. The opening night audience was a distinguished one and found the new theatre luxurious and comfortable. The program included

868-485: The years before 1861, although it has only existed in its current shape since the re-organization of Paris in 1860. As of the last census (in 1999), the population was 19,585, while the number of jobs provided there was 61,672 – this despite a land area of only 0.992 km , making it the arrondissement with the densest concentration of commercial activity in the capital, with an average of 62,695 jobs per km . ¹ The peak of population actually occurred before 1861, but

899-456: Was far from perfect (and remained so for the rest of her life). Unfortunately, this new performance was not as favorably received. Jules Janin, writing in the Journal des débats described it as consisting of "the two or three dozen contortions that are known as the art of mime" and complained that "they have cut Miss Smithson's tongue out". Berlioz anonymously wrote a positive review that appeared in

930-712: Was short-lived however, closing on 16 May 1841. After the Théâtre de la Renaissance closed in 1841 the theater was expanded to a capacity of 1,294 and was again used by the Théâtre-Italien company from 2 October 1841 to 28 June 1878. During this time the company presented the premiere of Donizetti's Don Pasquale (3 January 1843) and the Paris premieres of 15 of Verdi's operas, including Nabucco (1845), Ernani (1846, as Il Proscritto ), Il trovatore (23 December 1854), La traviata (6 December 1856), Rigoletto (19 January 1857), Un ballo in maschera (13 January 1861), and Aida (22 April 1876) with Verdi conducting. Among

961-514: Was to promote goodwill between England and France . The brothers' goodwill was not simply rhetoric. They expanded their prestige by establishing and endowing hospitals at Corbeil and at Neuilly-sur-Seine . In recognition of their generosity, the city of Corbeil erected a monument in their honour. In 1884 the Galignani family disposed of their interest in Galignani's Messenger. Since then until it

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