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61-616: [REDACTED] Look up SSI in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. SSI may refer to: Companies [ edit ] Sahaviriya Steel Industries , Thai steel company Samsung Semiconductor Inc. , a Korean electronics company Silicon Systems Inc. , an American company that produced integrated circuits. Space Services Inc. , a team of companies investigating new commercial opportunities in space Strategic Simulations Inc , computer gaming company that produced war and simulation games from

122-421: A 'throwaway office.'" On Page 17 of the report, it cited in detail the pending U.S. Supreme Court case, Department of Homeland Security v. MacLean: "TSA's release of information related to [Federal Air Marshals (FAM)] is particularly ironic given the agency's treatment of whistleblower and former air marshal Robert MacLean . In 2003, MacLean blew the whistle on TSA's plans to cancel FAM coverage on flights despite

183-508: A November 30, 2007, report to Congress entitled Transportation Security Administration's Processes for Designating and Releasing Sensitive Security Information , GAO said: "DHS, primarily through TSA's SSI Office, has addressed all of the legislative mandates from the DHS Appropriations Act, 2007, and taken actions to satisfy all of the recommendations from our June 2005 report. DHS revised its MD (i.e., Management Directive) to address

244-606: A United States federal government program Scottish statutory instrument , a form of secondary or subordinate legislation in Scotland Sensitive security information , a category of sensitive information under the US government's information sharing and control rules Military and police [ edit ] Selective Service Initiative , a form of military conscription in the United States Senior station inspector ,

305-437: A United States federal government program Scottish statutory instrument , a form of secondary or subordinate legislation in Scotland Sensitive security information , a category of sensitive information under the US government's information sharing and control rules Military and police [ edit ] Selective Service Initiative , a form of military conscription in the United States Senior station inspector ,

366-505: A database Server Side Includes , a server-side scripting language used on the Web Self-sovereign identity , the user has a means of generating and controlling unique identifiers as well as some facility to store identity data. Shared Source Initiative , a source-available software licensing scheme by Microsoft Simple Sensor Interface protocol , a simple communications protocol designed for smart sensors Single sign-in ,

427-444: A database Server Side Includes , a server-side scripting language used on the Web Self-sovereign identity , the user has a means of generating and controlling unique identifiers as well as some facility to store identity data. Shared Source Initiative , a source-available software licensing scheme by Microsoft Simple Sensor Interface protocol , a simple communications protocol designed for smart sensors Single sign-in ,

488-548: A document clearly warns an employee to follow regulatory requirements and implementation guidance regarding disclosure. In September 2004, two members of the House Appropriations Committee requested that auditors review how the Homeland Security Department is using its authority to withhold transportation security information from the public. The concern is that material needs to be protected, but

549-415: A new Part 1580. Although rail vulnerability assessments and threat information were already SSI under Part 1520, this rail final rule specifies that information on rail security investigations and inspections, security measures, security training materials, critical rail infrastructure assets, and research and development is also SSI. The SSI regulation lists 16 categories of affected information, and allows

610-690: A professional body in the Asia-Pacific region Statens Serum Institut , the Danish State Serum Institute Swedish Radiation Safety Authority ( Statens strålskyddsinstitut ), a Stockholm-based regulatory and research government agency Students Supporting Israel , a network of pro-Israel student organizations in North America and the United Kingdom Swedish Society for Interlingua ,

671-400: A professional body in the Asia-Pacific region Statens Serum Institut , the Danish State Serum Institute Swedish Radiation Safety Authority ( Statens strålskyddsinstitut ), a Stockholm-based regulatory and research government agency Students Supporting Israel , a network of pro-Israel student organizations in North America and the United Kingdom Swedish Society for Interlingua ,

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732-846: A rank in the Singapore Police Force Shoulder sleeve insignia , formation insignia used by the United States Army Soldier Support Institute , a U.S. Army organization Staff Sergeant Instructor , an appointment in the British Army State Security Investigations Service , former Egyptian agency Strategic Studies Institute , the US Army War College institute for geostrategic and national security research and analysis Attack Submarine (Diesel Air-Independent Propulsion) ( hull classification symbol : SSI),

793-530: A rank in the Singapore Police Force Shoulder sleeve insignia , formation insignia used by the United States Army Soldier Support Institute , a U.S. Army organization Staff Sergeant Instructor , an appointment in the British Army State Security Investigations Service , former Egyptian agency Strategic Studies Institute , the US Army War College institute for geostrategic and national security research and analysis Attack Submarine (Diesel Air-Independent Propulsion) ( hull classification symbol : SSI),

854-541: A society that encourages the active use of Interlingua in Sweden Other uses [ edit ] Socio-scientific issues, controversial social issues which relate to science Solid State Ionics , a peer-reviewed scientific journal Solid State Intelligence , a malevolent entity described by John C. Lilly South Sandwich Islands , a chain of uninhabited volcanic islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, that

915-423: A society that encourages the active use of Interlingua in Sweden Other uses [ edit ] Socio-scientific issues, controversial social issues which relate to science Solid State Ionics , a peer-reviewed scientific journal Solid State Intelligence , a malevolent entity described by John C. Lilly South Sandwich Islands , a chain of uninhabited volcanic islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, that

976-798: A specialized form of software authentication Single system image , a cluster dedicated operating system Small-scale integration , a type of integrated circuit Synchronous Serial Interface , a serial interface standard for industrial applications Medicine [ edit ] Stress–strain index , a measure of bone strength Surgical site infection Sliding scale insulin , fast- or rapid-acting insulin only given subcutaneously Economics and government [ edit ] Standing settlement instructions , payment processing and settlement information about financial institutions Strategic sustainable investing , an investment strategy that recognizes financial value in transitional leadership towards sustainability Supplemental Security Income ,

1037-798: A specialized form of software authentication Single system image , a cluster dedicated operating system Small-scale integration , a type of integrated circuit Synchronous Serial Interface , a serial interface standard for industrial applications Medicine [ edit ] Stress–strain index , a measure of bone strength Surgical site infection Sliding scale insulin , fast- or rapid-acting insulin only given subcutaneously Economics and government [ edit ] Standing settlement instructions , payment processing and settlement information about financial institutions Strategic sustainable investing , an investment strategy that recognizes financial value in transitional leadership towards sustainability Supplemental Security Income ,

1098-890: A submarine classification type used by the US Navy Subsecretaria de Inteligência , the Brazilian intelligence agency until 1995 Organizations [ edit ] Sano Sansar Initiative , a global youth organization Scuba Schools International , a diver training organization Software Sustainability Institute , a UK-based, academic software organisation Space Science Institute , an American nonprofit organisation based in Boulder, Colorado Space Studies Institute , an American non-profit organization based in Mojave, California Spastics Society of India , former name of Able Disable All People Together Spatial Sciences Institute ,

1159-675: A submarine classification type used by the US Navy Subsecretaria de Inteligência , the Brazilian intelligence agency until 1995 Organizations [ edit ] Sano Sansar Initiative , a global youth organization Scuba Schools International , a diver training organization Software Sustainability Institute , a UK-based, academic software organisation Space Science Institute , an American nonprofit organisation based in Boulder, Colorado Space Studies Institute , an American non-profit organization based in Mojave, California Spastics Society of India , former name of Able Disable All People Together Spatial Sciences Institute ,

1220-417: A variety of means," including: On May 29, 2014, United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform Republican Chairman Darrell Issa and Democrat Ranking Member Elijah Cummings issued a highly critical report about SSI. It cited these findings: "TSA improperly designated certain information as SSI in order to avoid its public release. TSA repeatedly released information to the public against

1281-625: Is SSI, and protected vulnerability assessments for all modes of transportation. The Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. No. 107-296) established the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and transferred TSA from DOT to DHS. The Act also amended Title 49 U.S.C. §40119 to retain SSI authority for the Secretary of Transportation, and added subsection (s) to 49 U.S.C. § 114, reaffirming TSA's authority under DHS to prescribe SSI regulations. TSA and DOT expanded

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1342-523: Is marked as such. Sec. 1.5. Even information that is in the process of a classification determination is given an interim classification marking for a 30-day period. Executive Order 12356, Sections 1.1(c), 1.(e). The employee is, therefore, aware of its special status. Without the classification markings on unclassified information, however, an employee cannot be sure that the nondisclosure agreements' restrictions apply to that material. Consequently, they must check with their supervisors, thereby alerting them to

1403-467: Is not limited to: A June 2005 report from the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) titled "Clear Policies and Oversight Needed for Designation of Sensitive Security Information (SSI)," criticized TSA's monitoring controls, saying, "TSA has not established and documented policies and internal control procedures for monitoring compliance with the regulations, policies, and procedures governing its SSI designation process, including ongoing monitoring of

1464-763: Is part of the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands British Overseas Territory St. Simons Island , a barrier island on the coast of Georgia, US Star of the Solomon Islands , the most senior award made by the government of the Solomon Islands Sustainable Society Index , a tool for assessing the sustainability of 151 assessed countries Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

1525-471: Is part of the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands British Overseas Territory St. Simons Island , a barrier island on the coast of Georgia, US Star of the Solomon Islands , the most senior award made by the government of the Solomon Islands Sustainable Society Index , a tool for assessing the sustainability of 151 assessed countries Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

1586-550: The Air Transportation Security Act of 1974 (Pub. L. No. 93-366), which, among other things, authorized the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to prohibit disclosure of information obtained whose disclosure would constitute an unwarranted invasion of personal privacy; reveal trade secrets or privileged or confidential commercial or financial information obtained from any person; or would reduce

1647-614: The Aviation and Transportation Security Act (Pub. L. No. 107-71) known as ATSA, which established the DOT Transportation Security Administration (TSA). The Act also transferred the responsibility for civil aviation security from FAA to TSA. On February 22, 2002, FAA and TSA published a joint final rule transferring the bulk of FAA's aviation security rules, including FAA's SSI regulation to TSA as 49 CFR Part 1520. It also specified in more detail which information

1708-556: The "classifiable" aspect of the government nondisclosure policies was dropped. However, the same situation has reared its head in the former TSA Federal Air Marshal Robert MacLean v. Department of Homeland Security national security whistleblower termination case, which revolves around the TSA's retroactive decision to label a disclosure from MacLean as "Sensitive Security Information," three years after he made his disclosure and four months after terminating him. MacLean argues that his disclosure

1769-784: The Committee's investigation." In Chowdhury v. TSA , the ACLU challenged the TSA's authority to withhold SSI from civil litigants and their attorneys in a Petition for Review pending before the U.S. Second Circuit Court of Appeals in New York. The ACLU sought to establish: As of May 2005, the Second Circuit Court has yet to rule on the issue. However, the Homeland Security Appropriations Act of 2007 (Pub. L. No. 109-295), section 525(d) required: "That in civil proceedings in

1830-516: The DHS Secretary [or designee] makes a written determination that the information must remain SSI. The Rail Transportation Security Final Rule, published in the Federal Register on November 26, 2008, adds rail-related terms and covered persons to Part 1520, including railroad carriers, rail facilities, rail hazardous materials shippers and receivers, and rail transit systems that are detailed in

1891-625: The SSI regulation to incorporate maritime security measures implemented by U.S. Coast Guard regulations and clarify preexisting SSI provisions in an interim final rule (IFR) issued on May 18, 2004. The DOT SSI regulation is at 49 CFR Part 15, and the TSA SSI regulation remains at 49 CFR Part 1520. The REAL ID Act of 2005 Act of 2005 (Pub. L. No. 109–13) required DHS to establish standards for driver's licenses that Federal agencies could accept for official identification purposes, including "boarding federally regulated commercial aircraft." Title 6 CFR Part 37

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1952-564: The Secretary of Homeland Security and the Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration to designate other information as SSI. The 16 SSI categories as listed in 49 CFR §1520.5(b) are: For example, SSI includes airport and aircraft operator security programs; the details of various aviation, maritime or rail transportation security measures including perimeter security and access control; procedures for

2013-491: The United States District Courts, where a party seeking access to SSI demonstrates that the party has substantial need of relevant SSI in the preparation of the party's case and that the party is unable without undue hardship to obtain the substantial equivalent of the information by other means, the party or party's counsel shall be designated as a covered person under 49 CFR Part 1520.7 in order to have access to

2074-404: The advice of the SSI office and without having produced suitable documentation to explain the decision. The structure and position of the SSI office within TSA has contributed to the difficulties the office has encountered in carrying out its mission. TSA has moved the office within the agency's organizational structure several times. One official stated the office moves have effectively relegated it

2135-495: The brand name of a railway signalling system developed in the 1980s in the UK Solid state ionics , the study of ionic-electronic and ionic conductors (solid electrolytes) and their uses SteadyShot Inside , a sensor-based camera image stabilization system by Sony Computing [ edit ] Serializable snapshot isolation , a way to allow multiple concurrent transactions to see consistent information when making changes to

2196-444: The brand name of a railway signalling system developed in the 1980s in the UK Solid state ionics , the study of ionic-electronic and ionic conductors (solid electrolytes) and their uses SteadyShot Inside , a sensor-based camera image stabilization system by Sony Computing [ edit ] Serializable snapshot isolation , a way to allow multiple concurrent transactions to see consistent information when making changes to

2257-736: The creation of Security Directives and Information Circulars. In 1990, section 9121 of the Aviation Safety and Capacity Expansion Act of 1990 (Pub. L. 101–508) broadened 14 CFR Part 191 to prohibit disclosure of "any information obtained in the conduct of security or research and development activities." The Aviation Security Improvement Act of 1990 (Pub. L. No. 101-604) required minimizing the number of people with access to information about threats, often contained in security directives (SDs) and information circulars (ICs). On March 21, 1997, FAA revised 14 CFR Part 191, and changed its title to "Protection of Sensitive Security Information." It also strengthened

2318-594: The criteria and examples with other DHS agencies." On July 28, 2008, GAO went even further, telling Congress: "The Transportation Security Administration's (TSA) program on managing information it designates as sensitive security information could serve as a model to guide other agencies' implementation of CUI." During the 1980s, Congress and the White House clashed over nondisclosure agreements that said employees could be penalized for disclosing "classifiable" (rather than classified) information. The primary argument against

2379-438: The disclosure. That invites a chilling effect. As then Congresswoman (now U.S. Senator) Barbara Boxer noted at the hearings: I am concerned this will force would-be whistleblowers to have to ask their superiors about classification determinations. This would act to stop the whistleblower. It should be noted once again, however, that sensitive security information is governed by published regulations. If properly marked as SSI,

2440-516: The existing rule to protect SSI from unauthorized disclosure, expanded its application to air carriers, airport operators, indirect air carriers, foreign air carriers, and individuals, and specified in more detail the information protected to include SDs, ICs, and inspection, incident, and enforcement-related SSI. Following the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in the United States, Congress passed

2501-547: The 💕 [REDACTED] Look up SSI in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. SSI may refer to: Companies [ edit ] Sahaviriya Steel Industries , Thai steel company Samsung Semiconductor Inc. , a Korean electronics company Silicon Systems Inc. , an American company that produced integrated circuits. Space Services Inc. , a team of companies investigating new commercial opportunities in space Strategic Simulations Inc , computer gaming company that produced war and simulation games from

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2562-633: The information to be protected from disclosure, including "the security program of any airport; the security program of any air carrier; any device for the detection of any explosive or incendiary device or weapon; and, any contingency security plan." Less than a year after the December 21, 1988, bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland , the President's Commission on Aviation Security and Terrorism recommended improvements in FAA security bulletins, leading to

2623-496: The information to do their jobs in transportation security, for example: DHS and TSA officials, airport operators, airline personnel, railroad carriers, rail hazardous materials shippers and receivers, vessel and maritime port owners and operators, and others as noted in 49 CFR §1520.7. SSI cannot be given to the public, and is exempt from disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act . Information receiving SSI designation includes but

2684-408: The mid-1980s to late 1990s. Survey Sampling International , a global provider of sampling solutions in marketing research program SSI Group, a healthcare revenue cycle company; see Rosa Lavín Science and technology [ edit ] Soil-structure interaction , the interaction between soil and structures (e.g. buildings), especially in seismic engineering Solid State Interlocking ,

2745-408: The mid-1980s to late 1990s. Survey Sampling International , a global provider of sampling solutions in marketing research program SSI Group, a healthcare revenue cycle company; see Rosa Lavín Science and technology [ edit ] Soil-structure interaction , the interaction between soil and structures (e.g. buildings), especially in seismic engineering Solid State Interlocking ,

2806-477: The need for updating SSI guidance, and TSA has established more extensive SSI criteria and examples that respond to requirements in the DHS Appropriations Act, 2007, and our 2005 recommendation that TSA establish guidance and procedures for using TSA regulations to determine what constitutes SSI. Further, TSA has documented the criteria and examples in various publications to serve as guidance for identifying and designating SSI. TSA has also shared its documentation of

2867-838: The number of SSI Coordinators within DHS, and provide a list of documents designated as SSI in their entirety. It also required that DHS provide guidance that includes extensive examples of SSI to further define the individual categories found under 49 CFR section 1520.5(b)(1) through (16). The Act directed that such guidance serve as the primary basis and authority for protecting, sharing, and marking information as SSI. The Homeland Security Appropriations Act of 2007 (Pub. L. No. 109-295) required DHS to revise its SSI directives and mandated timely review of SSI requests. It also contained reporting requirements, mandated expanded access to SSI in litigation, and required that all SSI over three years old, and not in current SSI categories, be released upon request unless

2928-567: The process." The GAO report cited an October 14, 2004, TSA memo that said the agency's Internal Security Policy Board recognized that handling and identifying SSI had become a problem: Lacking a central policy program office for SSI has led to confusion and unnecessary classification of some materials as SSI. Adherence to handling requirements within TSA has been inconsistent, and there have been instances where SSI has been mishandled outside of TSA. Identification of SSI has often appeared to be ad-hoc, marked by confusion and disagreement depending on

2989-401: The public also needs to be advised of information that affects their safety and security. Some examples in question were: It was determined that the TSA's application of the SSI regulations has resulted in some disputes over airport security procedures, employee accountability, passenger screening, and airport secrecy agreements. Some believe that too much information has been withheld from

3050-464: The public regarding some of these circumstances. The resulting opinion was that sensitive material needs to be protected, but the public also needs to be informed of information that affects safety and security. "Although the release of certain sensitive information could put the nation's citizens and infrastructure at risk, the federal government should be mindful of the public's legitimate interest in, and right to know, information related to threats to

3111-513: The safety of passengers — all notwithstanding the Freedom of Information Act . On June 28, 1976, FAA published a proposal to create Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 191 entitled "Withholding Security Information from Disclosure under the Air Transportation Security Act of 1974." Part 191 created the category of sensitive but unclassified information now known as Sensitive Security Information (SSI), and described

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3172-444: The screening of passengers and their baggage; the results of vulnerability assessments of any mode of transportation; the technical specifications of certain screening equipment and the objects used to test such equipment; and, training materials that could be used to penetrate or circumvent security. The SSI regulation restricts the release of SSI to people with a "need to know" (see 49 CFR §1520.11), defined generally as those who need

3233-414: The threat of an imminent Al Qaeda hijacking plot. Numerous Members of Congress raised concerns, and DHS retracted the order to cancel FAM coverage, calling it 'a mistake.' Three years later, TSA retroactively labeled the information that MacLean had disclosed as SSI and fired MacLean for his disclosure." The Committee concluded that "TSA made significant improvements to its SSI designation process following

3294-443: The title SSI . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SSI&oldid=1230006412 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages SSI From Misplaced Pages,

3355-457: The title SSI . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SSI&oldid=1230006412 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Sensitive security information SSI

3416-605: The transportation system and associated vulnerabilities. Accordingly, access to this information should only be limited when it is necessary to guard against those who pose a threat and their ability to develop techniques to subvert security measures." John Podesta , chief of the Presidential transition of Barack Obama team, told U.S. lawmakers on September 16, 2008, that over the previous seven years, "the Bush administration has increased secrecy and curtailed access to information through

3477-458: The viewpoint, experience, and training of the identifier. Strictures on the release of SSI and other SSI policy or handling–related problems have occasionally frustrated industry stakeholders, Congress, the media, and our own employees trying to work within the confines of the restrictions. Significant time and effort has been devoted to SSI issues, and it is not likely that the current approach to addressing such issues can be sustained. However, in

3538-410: Was created to help share transportation-related information deemed too revealing for public disclosure between Federal government agencies; State, local, tribal, and foreign governments; U.S. and foreign air carriers; and others. Information designated as SSI cannot be shared with the general public, and it is exempt from disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). SSI got its start in

3599-547: Was protected by the Whistleblower Protection Act ; the TSA counters that SSI disclosures are not protected because violations of executive agency regulations are equal to a "violation of law." According to this 1988 House report. "The Administration's most recent attempt to define 'classifiable' holds employees liable for disclosers of unclassified information, without any prior notice to them of its special status. Under Executive Order 12356, classified information

3660-465: Was published January 29, 2008, and requires a security plan and related vulnerability assessments that are defined as SSI and governed by 49 CFR 1520. The Homeland Security Appropriations Act of 2006 (Pub. L. No. 109-90, codified at 6 U.S.C. § 114) required DHS to provide department-wide policies for designating, safeguarding, and marking documents as SSI, along with auditing and accountability procedures. The Act also required that DHS report to Congress

3721-492: Was that a whistleblower could be retaliated against by a management decision to simply retroactively decide that they disclosed classified information - though it was not classified when the disclosure took place. The decision to mark the information as sensitive would have taken place only after a disclosure. Furthermore, this would have held employees who disclosed to a higher standard than the person responsible for marking information that should be marked classified. Ultimately,

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