Seri (Seri: cmiique iitom ) is an indigenous language spoken by between 716 and 900 Seri people in Punta Chueca and El Desemboque , two villages on the coast of Sonora , Mexico . The language is generally considered an isolate , but attempts have been made to include it in the theoretical Hokan language family. No concrete evidence has been found for connections to other languages.
38-439: Sei or SEI may refer to: Arts [ edit ] Sei (album) , by Brazilian singer and composer Nando Reis "Sei", the title-song and first single from that album Sei (film) , a 2018 Tamil thriller film Organizations and companies [ edit ] 7-Eleven , a popular multinational chain of gas stations and convenience stores Safety Equipment Institute ,
76-620: A financial services company headquartered in the United States Slough Estates International, the former name for Segro Smith Enterprise , a firearm and accessory manufacturing facility based in Tempe, Arizona that is known for making flash suppressors, muzzle brakes, sound suppressors, M14 rifles and accessories for M14 rifles. Software Engineering Institute , a federally funded research and development center at Carnegie Mellon University SpaceWorks Enterprises ,
114-399: A baleen whale Se'i , traditional bacon from Timor , Indonesia Seebeck effect imaging , uses a laser to generate thermal gradients in conductors in order to locate electrically floating conductors Secondary electron image, a type of imaging in scanning electron microscopes to view sample topography Seri language , spoken in two Mexican villages Service endpoint interface ,
152-407: A morphological operation, and causative verbs may be formed morphologically. The postpositions of Seri inflect for the person of their complement: hiti 'on me', miti 'on you', iti 'on her/him/it'. Most of the words that have been called postpositions at one time (and some of which still are, in limited situations) are actually relational preverbs; they must occur in a position immediately before
190-402: A preceding stressed vowel by a single consonant are also lengthened so that cootaj /ˈkoːtɑx/ ("ant") is pronounced [ˈkoːtːɑːx] . Such allophonically lengthened vowels may be longer than the phonemically long vowels found in stressed syllables. The lengthening does not occur if the following consonant or vowel is part of a suffix ( coo-taj , the plural of coo (" shovelnose guitarfish "),
228-578: A private, non-profit organization established to test safety and protective products Scottish Episcopal Institute , the theological college of the Scottish Episcopal Church Script Encoding Initiative , a department at UC Berkeley supporting proposals for minor and historic scripts in the Unicode Standard. Scuba Educators International , a non-profit diver training organization SEI Investments Company ,
266-463: A result of phonological fusion with the root). This rule is also sensitive to syllable weight. A heavy final syllable in the root attracts stress. A heavy syllable is one that has a long vowel or vowel cluster or a final consonant cluster. (A single consonant in the syllable coda is typically counted as extrametrical in Seri.) Consonants following a stressed syllable are lengthened, and vowels separated from
304-657: A separate word except in third person), compare me hyacóhot 'I showed it to you (sg. or pl.)', cohyacóhot 'I showed it to him/her/them'. The verb "tenses" divide between medial forms and final forms, irrealis and realis: popánzx (irrealis, medial, third person) '(if) it/she/he runs', tpanzx (realis, medial, third person) '(as) it/she/he ran', yopánzx (distal realis, final, third person) 'it/she/he ran', impánzx (proximal realis, final, third person) 'it/she/he ran', spánxz aha (irrealis, final, third person) 'it/she/he will run'. A verb may also be negative and/or passive. A transitive verb may be detransitivized through
342-589: A small aerospace engineering company in the United States Stockholm Environment Institute , a non-profit institute that specializes in sustainable development and environmental issues Sustainable Endowments Institute , a special project of Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors, Inc, the Sustainable Endowments Institute (SEI) has pioneered research, education and outreach to advance resilient institutional responses to
380-421: A special prefix appears when no possessor is specified, and kinship terms sometimes have additional material at the end as well. Compare ha-sáac-at 'one's son', and ha-lít 'one's head'. Some nouns have an additional plural form to distinguish between singular and plural possessors: itoj 'his/her eye', itoj 'his/her eyes', itolcoj 'their eyes'. Finite verbs obligatorily inflect for number of
418-468: A term used in Java Platform, Enterprise Edition when exposing Enterprise JavaBean as web service Social-Emotional Intelligence (see Emotional Intelligence ) Solid-electrolyte interphase (see Lithium-ion battery ) Space Exploration Initiative , a plan envisioned by former U.S. President George H.W. Bush with crewed Moon and Mars missions Spanish East Indies , a former Spanish colony comprising
SECTION 10
#1732856159774456-489: Is [ˈkoːtɑx] , without lengthening) if the stressed syllable consists of a long vowel and a short vowel ( caaijoj , a kind of manta ray , is [ˈkɑːixox] , without lengthening), or if the stressed vowel is lengthened to indicate intensity. It also does not affect most loanwords. Verbs, nouns, and postpositions are inflected word categories in Seri. Nouns inflect for plurality through suffixation. Compare noosi 'mourning dove' and noosi-lc 'mourning doves'. Pluralization
494-443: Is contrastive in Seri. Although it usually falls on the first syllable of a root, there are many words where it does not, mostly nouns, as well as a small class of common verbs whose stress may fall on a prefix rather than on the root. An alternative analysis, recently proposed and with fewer exceptions, assigns stress to the penultimate syllable of the root of a word (since suffixes are never stressed and prefixes receive stress only as
532-531: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Sei (album) Too Many Requests If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.133 via cp1102 cp1102, Varnish XID 10419570 Upstream caches: cp1102 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Fri, 29 Nov 2024 04:55:59 GMT Seri language The earliest records of
570-484: Is listed as a vulnerable language by UNESCO . The Serian family is a language family , with Seri as its only living member; related languages have disappeared in the last few centuries. Attempts have been made to link it to the Yuman family , to the now-extinct Salinan language of California, and to the much larger hypothetical Hokan family. These hypotheses came out of a period when attempts were being made to group all of
608-469: Is the nominalizer; the prefix for third person possessor elides before the y . The word quih is a singular article (which combines with the plural noun to refer to the Seri community). The language was erroneously referred to as Kunkaak as early as the beginning of the 20th century (as in Hernández 1904), and this mistake has been repeated up to now by people who confuse the name of an ethnic group with
646-582: Is very complicated; for this reason, each noun is listed in the dictionary with its plural form. Some nouns ostensibly use an infix to indicate plural: caatc 'grasshopper', caatjc 'grasshoppers'. A few nouns have completely suppletive plural forms: cmiique 'Seri person', comcáac 'Seri people', ziix 'thing', xiica 'things'. Kinship terms and body part nouns inflect for possessors through prefixes (with slightly different prefix sets). Compare ma-sáac 'your son' (of man) and mi-lít 'your head'. As they are obligatorily possessed nouns,
684-531: The climate crisis . Sumitomo Electric Industries , a manufacturer in automotive, information and communications, electronics, environment and energy, and industrial materials SUNY Eye Institute , a medical and basic sciences research institute in New York People [ edit ] Given name Shō Sei (1497–1555), king of the Ryukyu Kingdom from 1526 to 1555 Shō Sei (r. 1803) , king of
722-560: The labialized consonants /kʷ, xʷ, χʷ/ , but this small phonetic detail is not written in the community-based writing system. Other consonants may occur in recent loans, such as [ ɡ ] in hamiigo ("friend" from Spanish amigo ), and [ β ] in hoova ("grape" from Spanish uva ). The labial fricative /ɸ/ may be labiodental [ f ] for some speakers, and the postalveolar fricative /ʃ/ may be retroflex [ ʂ ] . /t/ and /n/ are prototypically dental. In unstressed syllables, /m/ assimilates to
760-421: The place of articulation of the following consonant. This assimilation may take place over word boundaries in connected speech. When /m/ is preceded by /k/ or /kʷ/ , it becomes a nasalized approximant [ w̃ ] and the following vowel becomes nasalized, e.g. cmiique /kmiːkɛ/ "person; Seri" is pronounced [ˈkw̃ĩːkːɛ] or [ˈkw̃ĩːkːi] . For some speakers, word-final /m/ may become [ ŋ ] at
798-629: The Philippines and most of Micronesia Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title SEI . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SEI&oldid=1179781242 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with given-name-holder lists Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description
SECTION 20
#1732856159774836-532: The Ryukyu Kingdom in 1803 Sei Fujii (1882–1954), Japanese male immigrant rights activist in the United States Sei Hatsuno (born 1976), Japanese male writer of mystery and thriller novels Sei Ashina (born 1983), Japanese actress Sei Kawahara (born 1995), Japanese male figure skater A member of girl group Weki Meki Surname Indrek Sei (born 1972), Estonian freestyle swimmer Other uses [ edit ] Sei whale ,
874-400: The Seri community itself, for the language, is Cmiique iitom , which contrasts with Cocsar iitom (" Spanish language ") and Maricaana iitom (" English language "). The expression is a noun phrase that is literally "(that) with which a Seri person speaks". The word Cmiique (phonetically [ˈkw̃ĩːkːɛ] ) is the singular noun for "Seri person". The word iitom is the oblique nominalization of
912-556: The Seri community. Most members of the community, including youth, are fluent in their language, but the population of speakers is small and cultural knowledge has been dwindling since the traditional hunter-gatherer lifestyle was essentially replaced in the 1930s by fixed settlements. Furthermore, many children are no longer becoming fluent in the language, for a variety of reasons (schools, internet, or non-Seri friends); some children are completely monolingual in Spanish. For these reasons, Seri
950-470: The Seri language are from 1692, but the population has remained fairly isolated. Extensive work on Seri began in 1951 by Edward and Mary Beck Moser with the Summer Institute of Linguistics . The language is viable within its community and is used freely in daily life. Exceptions include primary and secondary school, some parts of local church services, and communications with Spanish speakers outside of
988-530: The beginning of a syllable, although consonants cannot be long word initially (i.e. /tːi/ or /pː/). Specific combinations that may occur are much less restricted than English, for instance. Seri three-consonant onsets such as /ptk/ do occur, as in ptc amn (Cortez spiny lobster , Panulirus inflatus ). Simple codas occur, although complex ones are more common. Word-medial codas contain a single consonant, whereas word-final codas may include up to three. Clusters of four consonants also occur, but they are more rare in
1026-459: The end of a phrase or sentence, or when said in isolation. It can be documented, by careful examination of word lists collected in the nineteenth century, that some of these phonetic rules have arisen fairly recently. Syllable structure in Seri is fairly complex. Simple syllable onsets are most common, however, syllables without onsets can occur at the beginning of a word. The language generally allows up to three consonants to occur together at
1064-400: The intransitive verb caaitom ("talk"), with the prefix i- (third person possessor), and the null prefix for the nominalizer with this class of root. Another similar expression that one hears occasionally for the language is Cmiique iimx , which is a similar construction based on the transitive verb quimx ("tell") (root = amx ). The name chosen by the Seri committee for the name of
1102-420: The language used in the title of the recent dictionary was Comcaac quih Yaza , the plural version of Cmiique iitom . It was appropriate for a project of that type, although it is not a commonly used term. Comcaac (phonetically [koŋˈkɑːk] ) is the plural form of Cmiique and yaza is the plural nominalized form corresponding to iitom . ( ooza is the plural root, y- (with an accompanying vowel ablaut)
1140-516: The languages of the Americas into families. In the case of Seri, however, very little evidence has ever been produced. Until such evidence is presented and evaluated, the language is most appropriately considered an isolate. The name "Seri" is an exonym for this people that has been used since the first contacts with the Spaniards (sometimes written differently, as "Ceres"). Gilg reported in 1692 that it
1178-466: The lexicon: /kʷsχt/ in cösxt amt, ... , "there were many, ..."; /mxkχ/ in ipoo mjc x , ... "if s/he brings it, ...", (with enclitic x ). The nuclei of Seri syllables can include one, two, or three vowels . Long vowels are indicated in writing by doubling (i.e. ⟨aa⟩ or ⟨ii⟩ for /aː/ or /iː/). Vowel clusters may include 3 separate elements, as in the one syllable word kaoi (NOM-D-delouse). Syllables with complex nuclei are stressed; otherwise,
SEI - Misplaced Pages Continue
1216-445: The name of its language (which are often the same in Spanish and English). The lexeme Comcaac is used in the Seri language only to refer to the people. Vowel length is contrastive only in stressed syllables. The low front vowels /ɛ, ɛː/ are phonetically between open-mid and near-open and have also been transcribed as /æ, æː/ . The nonrounded vowels /i, ɛ, ɑ/ may be realized as diphthongs [iu̯, ɛo̯, ɑo̯] when followed by
1254-422: The noun. The singular indefinite article ( a , an ) is zo before consonants, and z before vowels (it presumably is historically related to the word for "one", which is tazo ). The plural indefinite article (roughly equivalent to some ) is pac . Cótotaj boojum tree zo a hant place z a iti in poop... if there is Cótotaj zo hant z iti poop... boojum tree
1292-420: The possessum. The language does not have many true adjectives; adjective-like verbs follow the head noun in the same kind of construction and with the same kind of morphology as verbs in the language. The words that correspond to prepositions in languages like English are usually constrained to appear before the verb; in noun phrases they appear following their complement. Seri has several articles , which follow
1330-452: The stress generally occurs on the first syllable of a words root. Vowel clusters often occur in the initial syllable of a root . Affixes , which may consist of one or more consonants with no vowels, can be added before or after existing consonant clusters, thereby complicating pronunciation and syllabification. When necessary, empty vowel positions are inserted and often filled with a syllabic nasal or an "i" to aid in pronunciation. Stress
1368-564: The subject, person of the subject, direct object and indirect object and tense/mood. For subject person and number, compare ihpyopánzx 'I ran', inyopánzx 'you (sg.) ran', yopanzx 'it ran, she ran, he ran', hayopáncojc 'we ran', mayopáncojc 'you (pl.) ran', yopáncojc 'they ran'. For object person (which is written as a separate word in the orthography although it is really just a prefix), compare ma hyooho 'I saw you (sg.)', mazi hyooho 'I saw you (pl.)', and ihyóoho 'I saw him/her/it/them'. For indirect object (also written as
1406-446: The verbal complex and are commonly not adjacent to their semantic complements. Some of these have suppletive stems to indicate a plural complement; compare miihax 'with you (sg.)' and miicot 'with you (pl.)'. The Seri language is a head-final language. The verb typically occurs at the end of a clause (after the subject and direct object, in that order), and main clauses typically follow dependent clauses. The possessor precedes
1444-461: Was a Spanish name, but surely it was the name used by another group of the area to refer to the Seris. Nevertheless, modern claims that it is a Yaqui term that means something like "people of the sand" or an Opata term that means "people who run fast" are lacking in factual basis; no evidence has been presented for the former and no credible evidence has been presented for the latter. The name used within
#773226