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52-455: S14 may refer to: Aircraft [ edit ] Fokker S.14 Machtrainer , a Dutch jet trainer Letov Š-14 , a Czechoslovakian fighter Rans S-14 Airaile , an American civil utility aircraft Short S.14 Sarafrand , a British biplane flying boat Sikorsky S-14 , a Russian aircraft design proposal Automobiles [ edit ] BMW S14 , an automobile engine Nissan Silvia (S14) ,

104-474: A Derwent -powered jet trainer. Allegedly, Rolls-Royce had feared losing out on engine sales upon the large and lucrative market for jet trainers, particularly to the Goblin -powered de Havilland Vampire ; the company had previously been rebuffed after attempting to raise interest with British manufacturer Miles Aircraft in producing a Derwent-powered competitor, and thus decided to approach Fokker. On 19 May 1951,

156-584: A postcode district in Sheffield, England [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title formed as a letter–number combination. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=S14&oldid=1122858670 " Category : Letter–number combination disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

208-598: A swamps and tall-herb fens community in the British National Vegetation Classification system S14: Keep away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer) , a safety phrase S14, a star orbiting Sagittarius A* Vessels [ edit ] Brazilian submarine  Ceará  (S14) HMCS  Raccoon  (S14) , an armed yacht of the Royal Canadian Navy HMS ; Onslaught  (S14) ,

260-1422: A Japanese sports car Nissan 240SX (S14) , a sports car sold in North America Rail and transit [ edit ] Lines [ edit ] S14 (St. Gallen S-Bahn) , in Thurgau, Switzerland S14 (ZVV) , in Zürich and Zug, Switzerland Line S14 (Milan suburban railway service) Locomotives [ edit ] LSWR S14 class , a steam locomotive Stations [ edit ] Aratama-bashi Station , in Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan Gakuen-Toshi Station , in Kobe, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan Iyo-Shirataki Station , in Ōzu, Ehime Prefecture, Japan Minami-Otaru Station , in Otaru, Hokkaido, Japan Nishi-Nagahori Station , in Nishi-ku, Osaka, Japan Nishi-ojima Station , in Kōtō, Tokyo, Japan Roads [ edit ] Expressway S14 (Poland) County Route S14 (California) , United States Science [ edit ] 40S ribosomal protein S14 British NVC community S14 ,

312-776: A Nazi and his group being neo-Nazi. According to Karas, his confrontations were mainly with non-Ukrainian ethnic groups that he said controlled the country's political and economic forces, whom he identified as Jews , Poles , and Russians . He stated: "We don't consider ourselves a neo-Nazi organization, we're clearly Ukrainian nationalists." In 2018, former member Dmytro Riznychenko  [ uk ] told Radio Svoboda: "C14 are all neo-Nazis. It's quite an appropriate definition." In May 2018, Hromadske wrote: "Most of C14's actions do seem to be directed at Russia, or those sympathetic towards Russia." Political scientist Andreas Umland said that S14 "could qualify as neo-Nazi", as did Vyacheslav Likhachev  [ uk ] , author of

364-476: A car. In January 2018, S14 counter-protested the annual demonstration commemorating Anastasia Baburova and Stanislav Markelov , two murdered Russian anti-fascists , by shouting the demonstrators down and attacking them with eggs and snowballs; the demonstration has been an annual target of the far right . In March 2018, the Holosiivskyi District of Kyiv signed an agreement allowing to establish

416-519: A higher maximum speed of 516 mph (830 km/h). However, the Brazilian initiative ultimately came to naught, interest having evaporated following a change of government in Brazil. Fairchild also chose to abandon its production plans for the type. Although several other countries also tested the aircraft, orders did not materialize. Compared to other dedicated jet trainer designs of the same period such as

468-411: A municipal guard headed by a S14 representative to patrol the capital city's streets. This decision was criticized by human rights groups commenting that "Ukraine is sinking into a chaos of uncontrolled violence posed by radical groups and their total impunity. Practically no one in the country can feel safe under these conditions." As in some cases the police arrested peaceful demonstrators rather than

520-463: A relatively spacious cockpit. There was actually enough room for a third crew member, although this capability would necessitate the deletion of the radio or radar equipment that could otherwise be installed in this location. Primary controls, such as the throttle and air brakes, were duplicated; many of the controls were positioned on a central pedestal. Both aircrew were provided with Martin-Baker -built Mk.2FK ejection seats . The slide hood of

572-424: A retractable tricycle undercarriage , which was also pneumatically operated; the main wheels were fitted with Dowty -built shock absorbers . The main assemblies of the undercarriage retracted inwards into the wing's centre section, while the nosewheel retracted forwards into a recess under the nose. In order to better facilitate its use as a trainer, the crew of two were seated in a side-by-side arrangement within

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624-656: A submarine of the Royal Navy SMS ; S14  (1912) , a torpedo boat of the Imperial German Navy USS ; S-14  (SS-119) , a submarine of the United States Navy Other uses [ edit ] S14 (classification) , a Paralympic swimming disability classification for intellectually disabled athletes S14 (Ukrainian group) , a radical nationalist group in Ukraine S14,

676-593: Is a neo-Nazi , Ukrainian nationalist group founded in 2010. In 2018, it gained notoriety for its involvement in violent attacks on Romani camps. In 2020, the group rebranded as Foundation for the Future ( Основа майбутнього ). S14 was founded in 2010 as the youth wing of the ultranationalist political party Svoboda . S14 was one of the far-right groups active during the Euromaidan movement (November 2013 – February 2014). They were involved with skirmishes with

728-416: Is a suspect in the murder of journalist Oles Buzina ; the event, a concert attended by, among others, neo-Nazi and Holocaust-denying band Sokyra Peruna  [ uk ] , was also attended by then-government ministers, among them Prime Minister Oleksiy Honcharuk and minister Oksana Koliada . Following harsh criticism, Honcharuk justified his presence stating that many different bands had attended

780-410: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Fokker S.14 Machtrainer Development started in the late 1940s at the behest of British engine manufacturer Rolls-Royce , who were seeking out a manufacturer to produce a new trainer aircraft powered by their Derwent turbojet engine. Fokker decided to design such an aircraft, designating it

832-731: The American aircraft manufacturer Fairchild , which later also built the Fokker Friendship under license, sought to secure an order for the Machtrainer from the United States Air Force . The first demonstrator sent to the USA was lost on October 20, 1955, when during a demonstration flight in Maryland, USA; the aircraft went into spin and crashed, killing the test pilot. Another S.14 was sent to

884-582: The Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists , the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists , and Right Sector, endorsed Ruslan Koshulynskyi in the 2019 Ukrainian presidential election . where he received 1.6% of the votes. In March 2019, a cooperation between S14 and the SBU was announced; the SBU instructed S14 to perform certain tasks that the SBU could not perform for legal reasons. In March 2021, S14 members were elected to

936-541: The Fouga Magister , the Machtrainer possessed higher operational costs. The original prototype K-1 was further modified with more powerful Nene III engine, and test flown in 1953. In the 1960s it was further tested by the Dutch National Aeronautical and Space Laboratory ( Lucht en Ruuimtevaart Laboratorium ) . The S.14 Machtrainer was a low-winged monoplane . Featuring all-metal construction, aside from

988-838: The Parliament of the United Kingdom , and human rights organizations like the European Roma Rights Centre , Hope not Hate , the Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group , PEN Ukraine , ROMEA  [ cs ] , and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum , among others, have referred to S14 as a neo-Nazi group. The ruling of the Commercial Court of Kyiv was upheld on 7 November 2019. The day prior, Matthew Schaaf,

1040-498: The Security Service of Ukraine (SBU), and Karas openly boasted about it. In 2019 a former intelligence officer of the Security Service of Ukraine (SBU) stated that the SBU had found some common ground with "S14" and directed them to carry out some actions against separatists that they could not legally arrest, such as searches and identifications of separatists. The actions also included causing physical harm, such as crashing

1092-561: The Supreme Court of Ukraine rejected Hromadske's appeal, and the case was taken to the European Court of Human Rights . In autumn 2019, S14 leader Yevhen Karas announced the creation of the new political movement "Society for the Future", which has the objective of uniting several radical nationalist groups, including S14, Misanthropic Division and some veterans of the disbanded OUN Battalion. In March 2020 S14 officially rebranded into

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1144-407: The canopy was jettisonable and operated electrically. The majority of the aircraft's electrical systems were installed directly beneath the cockpit and were accessible via multiple inspection panels; consumables such as batteries and oxygen canisters were also housed nearby. The S.14 was powered by a single Rolls-Royce Derwent engine, accommodated in the centre of the fuselage, directly above

1196-573: The 2018 Freedom House report on the far right in Ukraine, and other far-right researchers or political scientists like Anna Hrytsenko  [ uk ] , Ivan Katchanovski , and Branislav Radelic. Likhachev said that S14 members decorated the captured Kyiv City State Administration 's building during the Euromaidan with neo-Nazi symbolism and flags, which they continue to use. In June 2018, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty reported that members of

1248-610: The Azov Battalion's and Social-National Assembly 's neo-Nazi aims. In OpenDemocracy , Denys Gorbach commented that "C14 combine generic 'healthy patriotic' message with subtler hints which can be easily deciphered by members of the subculture (such as the symbolic date of the Roma pogrom on Hitler's birthday or indeed the very name of the organisation)". In 2017, S14 was accused by anti-war , left-wing activist Stas Serhiyenko of having been involved in his stabbing. The day after

1300-591: The Public Council at the country's Ministry for Veterans Affairs , with whom the group, alongside Azov, has partnered since November 2019; far-right groups and leaders were involved in shaping the ministry, which was formed in November 2018. On 17 October 2019, an event was arranged by far-right figure Andriy Medvedko  [ uk ] , who chairs an organization for veterans of the war in Donbass linked to S14 and

1352-536: The S.14 Machtrainer. On 19 May 1951, the first prototype performed the type's maiden flight . Having secured an order from the RNLAF for 20 aircraft, the Machtrainer entered service with the service during 1955. It would be operated by the service until the last examples were retired in 1967. Fokker initially had high sales hopes for the Machtrainer on the global trainer market, which included its manufacture under license overseas. American aircraft manufacturer Fairchild

1404-497: The US and did demonstration flights in 1955 and 1956. The loss claimed the life of the test pilot nl:Gerben Sonderman , who had also flown the first flights of S-14 in 1951. Sonderman was a famous Dutch pilot and resistance fighter from WW2, and also tested other Fokker produces such as the Fokker S-11 . The S-14 was evaluated by many pilots, including Chuck Yeager and WW2 Aces, and there

1456-419: The airframe were strengthened to cope with greater G-forces . The Royal Netherlands Air Force placed an order for 20 S.14s equipped with the more powerful Rolls-Royce Derwent 8 engine. At one point, Fokker held great hopes for the Machtrainer's export prospects; the company held negotiations with Brazil on the topic of manufacturing 50 Rolls-Royce Nene -powered Machtrainers under licence . In addition,

1508-595: The attack, S14 leader Yevhen Karas  [ uk ] accused Serhiyenko of having supported the 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Kharkiv Oblast and annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation , and stated that the attack was "far from the first, but not the last, attack on the bacilli of terrorism, hidden in the midst of peaceful Ukrainian streets". In November 2017, S14 was accused by former member Dmytro Riznychenko  [ uk ] to have cooperated with

1560-412: The central and outer sections of the wing; electrical booster pumps transferred fuel between the engine and the inner tanks, while air pressure alone was sufficient to move fuel from the outer tanks. The wing's centre sections were individually bolted onto the lower fuselage; the wing itself was tapered , covered in alclad , and featured split-flaps along the centre of its trailing edge . The trainer

1612-440: The company's specification to have been "unique... a turbojet-powered advanced trainer, offering side-by-side seating of pupil and instructor, simplicity in maintenance and construction and an adequate all-round performance". According to aviation author Roland W. Harker, the notion of producing a Dutch jet trainer had originated from a speculative approach by British engine manufacturer Rolls-Royce to Fokker with drawings for

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1664-423: The director of Freedom House in Ukraine, said that the ruling "could seriously damage media coverage of important events in Ukraine in conditions where many media and journalists already apply self-censorship". After the ruling, critics argued that it was not sufficient that neo-Nazi is offensive, it must also be false, which the court did not establish because it ignored the views of experts. On 21 January 2020,

1716-627: The end of the Second World War , the nations of Europe began to recover and rebuild their national industries, Dutch aircraft manufacturer Fokker was no exception. While initial activities revolved around the refurbishment and building of foreign-designed aircraft, such as the Hawker Sea Fury and Gloster Meteor , figures within the Dutch government and Fokker itself were keen to resume its own indigenous design activities as well. In particular, there

1768-416: The engine compartment, it was almost exclusively composed of lightweight alloys . To accommodate a sizable cockpit, it possessed a fairly wide fuselage . The design and size of the wing reportedly allowed for the aircraft to land at much lower speeds than contemporary jet aircraft. A total of three pneumatically -actuated door-type air brakes were fitted to the rear fuselage. It was also provisioned with

1820-519: The event and that he had visited the place following an invitation from a veteran group, not because he is a fan of Sokyra Peruna. S14 (as spelled in the Ukrainian alphabet ) says it resembles Sich ( Ukrainian : Січ ), the name given to the administrative and military centres for Cossacks in the 16–18th century. Experts and the Terrorism Research & Analysis Consortium have reported that

1872-522: The first prototype, registered PH-NDY , conducted its maiden flight ; it was powered by a single Derwent V engine. However, it received considerable damage later that day as a result of the undercarriage having failed to extend during its second flight. The prototype was fully repaired and was subsequently displayed at the Paris Air Show later that year. While the prototype and the production aircraft that followed it were largely similar, portions of

1924-469: The group as neo-Nazi. After the ruling, Hromadske published "The Neo-Nazis Who Don't Want to Be Called Neo-Nazis", reporting: "The court noted that the information circulated by Hromadske back in May 2018 ' harms the reputation ' of C14 and ordered Hromadske to refute the information and pay ₴3,500 ($ 136) in court fees to C14. Hromadske maintains that it has the right to use such terminology." The ruling

1976-416: The group had openly expressed neo-Nazi views. After one member updated his Facebook image to that of him speaking at America House Kyiv, Halya Coynash wrote an article titled "Neo-Nazi C14 vigilantes appear to work with Kyiv police in latest 'purge' of Roma in Ukraine". On 6 August 2019, the Commercial Court of Kyiv ruled in favour of S14 after a 4 May 2018 tweet from Hromadske, which appealed, referred to

2028-407: The low-mounted wing and surrounded by steel walls, and separated from the cockpit by a fireproof bulkhead . Air was supplied to the engine via two ducts that diverged sharply from a central circular inlet present in the nose of the aircraft. A lengthy jetpipe, carried upon trunnions , was also used; it could be released and readily moved for maintenance inspections. Fuel tanks were housed within

2080-853: The new Aviodrome museum at Lelystad Airport by 2003. The production aircraft L-11 is preserved at the Dutch National Military Museum at the former Soesterberg Air Base . L-17 is undergoing renovation. There was a fourth, L-18, which was positioned besides one of the entrances at Fokker facility at Ypenburg , but this aircraft was scrapped during 1994 at the same time as the site was being closed down. Netherlands air and space laboratory (NLR) Data from Twenty-One Worldbeaters General characteristics Performance Armament Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era S14 (Ukrainian group) S14 , also known as C14 or Sich ([Січ] Error: {{Langx}}: transliteration text not Latin script ( help ) ),

2132-599: The number 14 in the group's name has been seen as a reference to the Fourteen Words slogan coined by David Lane , an American white supremacist . Academic Anton Shekhovtsov has defined the organization as a "neo-Nazi movement", while sociologist Volodymyr Ishchenko  [ uk ] described it as "a neo-Nazi terror group ... whose major activity is harassing and terrorizing opposition journalists, bloggers, and citizens". S14 leader Yevhen Karas  [ uk ] has defended himself from attacks calling him

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2184-617: The original production run, two aircraft were lost in accidents; the remainder were scrapped in the years following their withdrawal during the late 1960s. Three still exist today including the original prototype (K-1, PH-XIV), which was operated by the Nationaal Luchtvaartlaboratorium (NLL), located at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol , until retirement in March 1966. It was then displayed at the Aviodome museum at Schiphol before moving to

2236-486: The type continued until November 1956. Only 19 of the 20 aircraft ordered by the RNLAF entered service, one being destroyed in a fatal crash in the United States while being used by Fokker as a demonstrator prior to delivery. The S.14 fleet was in use for over a decade, during which a second aircraft was lost in a fatal crash in 1964. The S.14 crashed near Heenvliet, Zeeland with the loss of two crew on May 28, 1964. Of

2288-605: The violent perpetrators, such as the January 2018 violence and March 2018 far-right attacks against the International Women's Day marchers, they said that far-right groups, among them S14, were acting under "a veneer of patriotism" and "traditional values", and were allowed by the police and the state to operate under an "atmosphere of near total impunity that cannot but embolden these groups to commit more attacks". In June 2018, S14 gained international notoriety after reports it

2340-529: The violent pro-government supporters known as titushky . In November 2017, the group was added to the political violence database of Terrorism Research & Analysis Consortium. In 2018, alongside the Azov Battalion 's National Corps party, S14 was recognized by the United States Department of State 's Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor as a nationalist hate group . S14 shares

2392-903: Was being involved in violent attacks on Romani camps. The day after the attack, Karas posted a blog entry entitled "Separatist Safari", taking responsibility for the assault. He made threats "on the germs of terrorists hiding in the peaceful Ukrainian streets". Amnesty International , Freedom House , Front Line Defenders , and Human Rights Watch signed a "Joint Letter to Ukraine's Minister of Interior Affairs and Prosecutor General Concerning Radical Groups" citing S14, alongside Karpatska Sich , Right Sector , Traditsii i Poryadok , and others, to "have carried out at least two dozen violent attacks, threats, or instances of intimidation in Kyiv, Vinnitsa , Uzhhorod , Lviv , Chernivtsi , Ivano-Frankivsk and other Ukrainian cities". On 14 June 2018, Hromadske Radio reported that Ukraine's Ministry of Youth and Sports

2444-546: Was considerable interest in Fokker developing aircraft that would harness the newly available field of jet propulsion . Likely having recognised that the increasing prevalence of jet-powered fighters would soon lead to existing piston-engined advanced trainers not possessing comparable performance, during the late 1940s, Fokker commenced work on designing their own jet-engined advanced trainer, designated S.14 Machtrainer . In 1949, aviation periodical Flight International observed

2496-468: Was considerible interest; it was widely praised as being easy and forgiving to fly. To support the company's sales efforts, the first prototype was reengined with the Nene III powerplant, which was capable of producing up to 5,100 lbf (23 kN) thrust; it first flew in this configuration on 25 October 1953. Flight testing found that the increased power of the Nene III enabled the Machtrainer to attain

2548-720: Was criticized by human rights groups, journalists, and both national and international observers, with the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe 's Office of the Representative on Freedom of the Media expressing concern because it "goes against #mediafreedom and could discourage journalistic work" in Ukraine. International news outlets like Al Jazeera , Bellingcat , La Croix , The Economist , The Guardian , Haaretz , The Nation , Reuters , Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty , and The Washington Post , as well as

2600-679: Was funding S14 to promote "national patriotic education projects", for which the group was awarded almost $ 17,000. S14 also awarded funds to far-right linked Educational Assembly and Holosiyiv Hideout. In October 2018, Serhiy Bondar, a young organizer with S14, spoke at an event focused on community safety at the America House Kyiv, which later stated that the invitation was not arranged with them. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFERL) correspondent Christopher Miller described it as "disturbing". On 19 November 2018, S14 and fellow far-right Ukrainian nationalist political organizations, among them

2652-419: Was interested in producing the Machtrainer for the United States Air Force , but failed to secure any orders itself. Brazil also negotiated for the local manufacture of 50 Rolls-Royce Nene -powered Machtrainers, but political changes derailed this effort as well. Various countries studied its adoption, however, the Machtrainer would ultimately not be adopted by any organisation other than the RNLAF. Following

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2704-510: Was unarmed, but a gunpod with two 20 mm canons was designed, the gunpod which fitted under the airplane was testflown as a mockup. In addition, it was also possible to put some hardpoints on the wings for attaching for example a bomb, but this was never done. The gunpod was featured as an option in the advertising literature During October 1955, the Machtrainer entered service with the Royal Netherlands Air Force; deliveries of

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