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In electrical engineering , the armature is the winding (or set of windings) of an electric machine which carries alternating current . The armature windings conduct AC even on DC machines, due to the commutator action (which periodically reverses current direction) or due to electronic commutation, as in brushless DC motors . The armature can be on either the rotor (rotating part) or the stator (stationary part), depending on the type of electric machine.

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36-853: (Redirected from S-43 ) S43 may refer to: Submarines [ edit ] HMS  Unicorn  (S43) , of the Royal Navy INS ; Vagsheer  (S43) , of the Indian Navy USS ; S-43  (SS-154) , of the United States Navy Other uses [ edit ] County Route 563 (New Jersey) , designated New Jersey Route S43 until 1953 County Route S43 (Bergen County, New Jersey) Harvey Airfield , in Snohomish, Washington, United States Sikorsky S-43 , an American flying boat Sulfur-43 , an isotope of sulfur S43,

72-461: A beam of 25 feet 0 inches (7.6 m) and a draught of 17 feet 8 inches (5.4 m). The submarines are powered by a one shaft diesel-electric system. They are equipped with two Paxman Valenta 1600 RPS SZ diesel engines each driving a 1.4- megawatt (1,900  hp ) GEC electric alternator with two 120-cell chloride batteries . The batteries have a 90-hour endurance at 3 knots (5.6 km/h; 3.5 mph). The ship

108-590: A postcode district in Chesterfield, England [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title formed as a letter–number combination. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=S43&oldid=1129408872 " Category : Letter–number combination disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

144-460: A DC machine, two sources of magnetic fluxes are present; 'armature flux' and 'main field flux'. The effect of armature flux on the main field flux is called "armature reaction". The armature reaction changes the distribution of the magnetic field, which affects the operation of the machine. The effects of the armature flux can be offset by adding a compensating winding to the main poles, or in some machines adding intermediate magnetic poles, connected in

180-399: A given rating of machine, a wave winding is more suitable for large currents and low voltages. Windings are held in slots in the rotor or armature covered by stator magnets. The exact distribution of the windings and selection of the number of slots per pole of the field greatly influences the design of the machine and its performance, affecting such factors as commutation in a DC machine or

216-531: A magnet , in mid 19th century. The parts of an alternator or related equipment can be expressed in either mechanical terms or electrical terms. Although distinctly separate these two sets of terminology are frequently used interchangeably or in combinations that include one mechanical term and one electrical term. This may cause confusion when working with compound machines like brushless alternators, or in conversation among people who are accustomed to work with differently configured machinery. In most generators,

252-450: A reported dive depth of over 650 feet (200 m). The Upholder / Victoria class are armed with six 21-inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes . In British service, the submarines were equipped with 14 Tigerfish Mk 24 Mod 2 torpedoes and four UGM-84 Sub-Harpoon missiles . They could also be adapted for use as a minelayer . The submarines have Type 1007 radar and Type 2040, Type 2019, Type 2007 and Type 2046 sonar installed. The hull

288-414: A rotating machine or force in a linear machine. The second role is to generate an electromotive force (EMF). In the armature, an electromotive force is created by the relative motion of the armature and the field. When the machine or motor is used as a motor, this EMF opposes the armature current, and the armature converts electrical power to mechanical power in the form of torque , and transfers it via

324-417: A submarine. During April 2006, the submarine was involved in the naval exercise Joint Express. In 2007 the submarine entered Halifax for refit. Originally scheduled for completion in two years, the refit was still not complete as of early 2011. During the refit, rust was discovered which will restrict the maximum depth to which the submarine can safely dive. According to reports, due to unexpected problems,

360-400: Is called cross magnetization of the armature. The effect of the armature field is to distort the generator field and shift the neutral plane. The neutral plane is the position where the armature windings are moving parallel to the magnetic flux lines, that is why an axis lying in this plane is called as magnetic neutral axis (MNA). This effect is known as armature reaction and is proportional to

396-635: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages HMCS Windsor HMCS Windsor is a long-range hunter-killer (SSK) submarine of the Royal Canadian Navy , the second submarine of the Victoria class . She is named after the city of Windsor, Ontario . Built for the Royal Navy as the Upholder -class submarine HMS Unicorn ( pennant number S43) she

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432-617: Is fitted with elastomeric acoustic tiles to reduce acoustic signature. In British service the vessels had a complement of 7 officers and 40 ratings. During the refit for Canadian service, the Sub-Harpoon and mine capabilities were removed and the submarines were equipped with the Lockheed Martin Librascope Submarine fire-control system (SFCS) to meet the operational requirements of the Canadian Navy. Components from

468-413: Is generated either by permanent magnets, or electromagnets formed by a conducting coil. The armature must carry current , so it is always a conductor or a conductive coil, oriented normal to both the field and to the direction of motion, torque (rotating machine), or force (linear machine). The armature's role is twofold. The first is to carry current across the field, thus creating shaft torque in

504-543: Is propelled by a 5,000-kilowatt (6,700 hp) GEC dual armature electric motor turning a seven-blade fixed pitch propeller. They have a 200-long-ton (200 t) diesel capacity. This gives the subs a maximum speed of 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph) on the surface and 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph) submerged. They have a range of 8,000 nautical miles (15,000 km; 9,200 mi) at 8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph) and 10,000 nautical miles (19,000 km; 12,000 mi) at snorting depth. The class has

540-427: Is satisfactory in installations in which the generator operates under a fairly constant load. If the load varies to a marked degree, the neutral plane will shift proportionately, and the brushes will not be the correct position at all times. The brush-setting method is the most common means of correcting for armature reaction in small generators (those producing approximately 1,000 W or less). Larger generators require

576-469: Is there in the armature conductors, the MNA coincides with GNA. The brushes of a generator must be set in the neutral plane; that is, they must contact segments of the commutator that are connected to armature coils having no induced emf. If the brushes were contacting commutator segments outside the neutral plane, they would short-circuit "live" coils and cause arcing and loss of power. Without armature reaction,

612-523: The Persian Gulf . She returned to Devonport and was decommissioned on 16 October 1994. Looking to discontinue the operation of diesel-electric boats, the British government offered to sell Unicorn and her sister submarines to Canada in 1993. The offer was accepted in 1998. The four boats were leased to Canada for US$ 427 million (plus US$ 98 million for upgrades and alteration to Canadian standards), with

648-478: The hull number SSK 877 on 4 October 2003. Windsor is the only Canadian submarine deployed in the Atlantic. In April 2002, after departing for the submarine's first training mission, Windsor was forced to return to port after the discovery of a faulty seal in the communications mast. From 27–30 September 2004, Windsor took reporters and photographers from Halifax and Windsor newspapers to document life aboard

684-706: The US East coast, one of her batteries was found leaking a discharge. The submarine put into Norfolk, Virginia where she awaited specialists from Canada to arrive. After repairs were performed at Norfolk, Windsor returned to Halifax in March 2016. The submarine deployed in June 2016 to participate in NATO naval exercises off the coast of Norway. However, while in transit, one of the submarine's diesel generators refused to engage. The submarine returned to Halifax for repairs, which were effected and

720-405: The armature circuit. Armature reaction is essential in amplidyne rotating amplifiers. Armature reaction drop is the effect of a magnetic field on the distribution of the flux under main poles of a generator. Since an armature is wound with coils of wire, a magnetic field is set up in the armature whenever a current flows in the coils. This field is at right angles to the generator field and

756-411: The current flowing in the armature coils. The geometrical neutral axis (GNA) is the axis that bisects the angle between the centre line of adjacent poles. The magnetic neutral axis (MNA) is the axis drawn perpendicular to the mean direction of the flux passing through the centre of the armature. No e.m.f. is produced in the armature conductors along this axis because then they cut no flux. When no current

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792-462: The field magnet is rotating, and is part of the rotor , while the armature is stationary, and is part of the stator . Both motors and generators can be built either with a stationary armature and a rotating field or a rotating armature and a stationary field. The pole piece of a permanent magnet or electromagnet and the moving, iron part of a solenoid , especially if the latter acts as a switch or relay , may also be referred to as armatures. In

828-776: The fire control system of the Oberon -class submarines were installed. This gave the submarines the ability to fire the Gould Mk 48 Mod 4 torpedo . In 2014, the Government of Canada purchased 12 upgrade kits that will allow the submarines to fire the Mk 48 Mod 7AT torpedoes. These radar and sonar systems were later upgraded with the installation of the BAE Type 2007 array and the Type 2046 towed array. The Canadian Towed Array Sonar (CANTASS) has been integrated into

864-429: The generator design. These are two principal methods by which the effect of armature reaction is overcome. The first method is to shift the position of the brushes so that they are in the neutral plane when the generator is producing its normal load current. in the other method, special field poles, called interpoles, are installed in the generator to counteract the effect of armature reaction. The brush-setting method

900-475: The lease to run for eight years; after this, the submarines would be sold for £1. Problems were discovered with the piping welds on all four submarines, which delayed the reactivation of Unicorn and her three sisters . Unicorn was handed over to the Canadian Forces on 6 August 2001 and sailed to Canada, arriving on 19 October. The submarine was commissioned into Maritime Command as HMCS Windsor with

936-412: The magnetic neutral axis (MNA) would coincide with geometrical neutral axis (GNA). Armature reaction causes the neutral plane to shift in the direction of rotation, and if the brushes are in the neutral plane at no load, that is, when no armature current is flowing, they will not be in the neutral plane when armature current is flowing. For this reason it is desirable to incorporate a corrective system into

972-491: The refit suffered delays and cost overruns. These included bad welds in the hull, broken torpedo tubes, a faulty rudder and tiles on the side of the sub that continually fell off. In 2010, the Royal Canadian Navy spent $ 45 million on repairs to Windsor for which it had budgeted $ 17 million. The refit began in 2007 and was scheduled to be completed in 2009. The submarine was relaunched on 11 April 2012. After being out of

1008-405: The shaft. When the machine is used as a generator, the armature EMF drives the armature current, and the shaft's movement is converted to electrical power. In an induction generator , generated power is drawn from the stator . A growler is used to check the armature for short and open circuits and leakages to ground. The word armature was first used in its electrical sense, i.e. keeper of

1044-635: The submarine sailed for Europe a week later. The submarine returned to Halifax on 9 August. In September Windsor was among the Canadian warships deployed to the NATO naval training exercise "Cutlass Fury" off the east coast of North America. Beginning in February 2017, Windsor deployed into the Atlantic Ocean, taking part in a NATO naval exercise and monitoring sea traffic in shipping lanes. The submarine returned to Halifax on 20 June 2018. In September 2023,

1080-399: The submarine suffered a flooding incident in which three sailors were injured. Although scheduled to participate in a 14-day multi-national exercise, Windsor was compelled to return to Halifax where repairs were expected to take four weeks. Armature (electrical engineering) The armature windings interact with the magnetic field ( magnetic flux ) in the air-gap; the magnetic field

1116-555: The towed sonar suite. The Upholder -class submarines were equipped with the CK035 electro-optical search periscope and the CH085 optronic attack periscope, originally supplied by Pilkington Optronics. After the Canadian refit, the submarines were equipped with Canadian communication equipment and electronic support measures (ESM). This included two SSE decoy launchers and the AR 900 ESM. The submarine

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1152-412: The use of interpoles. Coils of the winding are distributed over the entire surface of the air gap, which may be the rotor or the stator of the machine. In a "lap" winding, there are as many current paths between the brush (or line) connections as there are poles in the field winding. In a "wave" winding, there are only two paths, and there are as many coils in series as half the number of poles. So, for

1188-456: The water for five years, Windsor was lowered back into the water. The submarine was then guided out of the lift area to a nearby dock where the submarine remained for more testing until sea trials . Shortly afterwards one of the engines was declared unusable, and Windsor was drydocked in March 2014. Work was scheduled to be completed in September at a projected cost of $ 1.5 million. The work

1224-592: Was laid down as HMS Unicorn at Cammell Laird 's Birkenhead yard on 13 March 1990. She was launched on 16 April 1992, and commissioned into the Royal Navy on 25 June 1993. She was the last ship built at Cammell Laird until construction began on HMS  Queen Elizabeth in June 2010. After entering service, Unicorn operated in the Mediterranean Sea and east of Suez , the Gulf of Oman and Indian Ocean and in

1260-506: Was expanded in June to incorporate other maintenance needs on the submarine as well as a main sonar system upgrade for a total cost of $ 18 million. On 8 October 2014, Windsor completed her dry-dock maintenance and upgrade cycle and was re-floated. In Fall 2015, Windsor deployed for large NATO naval exercises Joint Warrior and Trident Venture with Athabaskan , Halifax , Montréal , Goose Bay and Summerside , returning on 17 December. On 15 February 2016, while operating off

1296-577: Was purchased by Canada when the United Kingdom decided to move to an all-nuclear power fleet. As built the Upholder / Victoria class was designed as a replacement for the Oberon class for use as hunter-killer and training subs. The submarines, which have a single-skinned, teardrop-shaped hull, displace 2,220 long tons (2,260 t) surfaced and 2,455 long tons (2,494 t) submerged. They are 230 feet 7 inches (70.3 m) long overall with

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