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51-524: The force was established on 1 November 1846 with the appointment of Francis Parry as Chief Constable . The Constables Ordinance 1846, which had been enacted by the colony's Legislative Council on 27 October of that year, created an organisation that has remained at the service of the public ever since. It was initially staffed by three officers – the Chief Constable, the Gaoler (responsible for prisoners), and

102-628: A head constable , although this rank was superseded by chief constable in most forces in the later 19th century and early 20th century and was almost completely abolished by the Police Act 1919 . Liverpool City Police was the only large force to retain it until then. The first woman to hold the rank of chief constable was Pauline Clare , appointed Chief Constable of the Lancashire Constabulary on 14 June 1995. The population of areas for which chief constables are responsible varies from under

153-684: A full national mobility liability, and can be posted anywhere in the UK at any time. In practice most movement is voluntary, either on promotion or requested moves for personal reasons. MDP pay follows the same scale as territorial police forces; however, MDP officers are part of the Civil Service Pension Scheme, not the Police Pension Scheme and only contribute 3.5% of their gross salary, compared to territorial police force officers who contribute 11%. To even out this anomaly, MDP officers pay

204-513: A hundred thousand to two or three million, and it is commonplace for chief constables for larger force areas to be drawn from the chief constables of smaller forces. A chief constable has no senior officer. Prior to 2012, a chief constable was responsible to a police authority . In England and Wales , the chief constable is now appointed by and accountable to the Police and Crime Commissioner of their service, or to an elected mayor , who may also dismiss

255-516: A new effects-based policing tactic since 2016 to deter and detect criminal and terrorist activity, as well as to reassure the various communities they serve. Project Servator tactics provide a strategic approach to defending sites that the MDP protects and are part of the Force's drive to deploy resources efficiently and effectively within its Operational Policing Model. Project Servator is utilised in and around

306-511: A result of cuts made to the UK defence budget, arising from the Strategic Defence and Security Review of 2010, the MDPGA was disbanded on 1 April 2013. The MDP returned to standalone police force status. The MGS was cut heavily and became part of the new Defence Infrastructure Organisation . The Ministry of Defence's (MoD) requirement of the MDP is expressed in six core capabilities: The MDP

357-458: A significant restructuring as part of the coalition government's post-2010 austerity measures, and the Strategic Defence and Security Review . Its budget was cut from £360   million to £180   million and it was to lose 20% of its manpower and up to 50% of its stations by 2016. As of March 2019 , the force had a workforce of around 2,549 police officers and 227 police staff based at numerous defence and infrastructure locations across

408-481: A similar manner to the Neighbourhood Policing Teams of territorial police forces . DCPOs generally work in single-officer posts and often work from within defence community centres or service police stations. In 2013, the number of Defence sites covered by Defence community police officers was cut, from over 40 locations nationwide to 16 locations. The MDP has been implementing Project Servator as

459-641: Is a specialist group of officers within the AWE Division. MDP TFU is tasked with, and equipped to provide, an advanced firearms response capability at short notice to the Atomic Weapons Establishment. The TFU specialises in dynamic entry and dynamic intervention inside Nuclear Weapons facilities; including, if necessary, the recapture of Nuclear Weapons and special nuclear material. DCPOs are unarmed MDP officers who provide community policing to Defence establishments or large military housing estates, in

510-564: Is abated. This is known as the MDP Net Pay Deduction. The MDP operates a random and 'with cause', alcohol and drugs screening policy. An annual fitness test for all AFOs is to be introduced. MDP officers are eligible for the Principal Civil Service Pension Scheme (ALPHA). The MDP has its own federation (i.e., trade union ) separate from Home Office police federations . The Defence Police Federation (DPF)

561-575: Is currently deployed at approximately 36 defence locations around the United Kingdom. These include—but are no longer limited to—military establishments, defence housing estates, military training areas, the royal dockyards, and the Atomic Weapons Establishment . Since January 2008, the MDP has also taken on the role of providing armed security at four gas terminals in the UK, part of the critical national infrastructure . In February 2015,

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612-399: Is headed by a Chief Police Officer, who holds the rank of superintendent. The Chief Police Officer is assisted by a deputy chief officer who holds the rank of inspector. Uniformed community policing is carried out by a team of twelve police constables and eight reserve constables, supervised by two police sergeants. The island's permanent CID was formed in 2018. Previously criminal detection

663-674: Is staffed by a prison manager and four prison officers. Owing to the large military presence on the Falkland Islands there is always a contingent of military police – known as Joint Service Police & Security Unit (JSPSU), British Forces South Atlantic – stationed on the island. As a matter of policy, all British military police officers from all three services assigned to the Falklands are also sworn in as RFIP reserve constables, so that they have full civil police powers during their tour of duty. Chief Constable Chief Constable

714-768: Is the rank used by the chief police officer of every territorial police force in the United Kingdom except for the City of London Police and the Metropolitan Police , as well as the chief officers of the three 'special' national police forces, the British Transport Police , Ministry of Defence Police , and Civil Nuclear Constabulary . The title is also held by the chief officers of the principal Crown Dependency police forces (the Isle of Man Constabulary , States of Guernsey Police Service , and States of Jersey Police ) and

765-582: The House of Commons Defence Select Committee recognised the difficulties under which the Ministry of Defence Police were operating; the committee's recommendations led to the passing of the Ministry of Defence Police Act 1987 . During the period 2004–2013 the MDP was part of the wider Ministry of Defence Police and Guarding Agency (MDPGA) together with the civilian uniformed Ministry of Defence Guard Service (MGS). As

816-713: The Sovereign Base Areas Police in Cyprus. The title was also held, ex officio , by the president of the Association of Chief Police Officers under the Police Reform Act 2002 . It was also the title of the chief officer of the Royal Parks Constabulary until this agency was disbanded in 2004. Throughout the United Kingdom and Crown Dependencies there are currently fifty chief constables. These consist of

867-576: The West Midlands and Greater Manchester , down to £127,017 in Central Scotland . The Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police and their deputy are paid significantly more than any chief constable, partly because the Metropolitan Police has national anti-terrorism and security duties that overlap with other local forces, but also because the Metropolitan Police is by far the largest force in

918-412: The divisional superintendents and the two assistant commissioners . These officers were to be generally military officers, civil servants or lawyers who were directly appointed to the rank. This caused a certain amount of concern, since some saw it as the creation of an "officer class" for the police, which had always been resisted. Their rank badge consisted of crossed tipstaves in a wreath. In 1886,

969-494: The "chief officers" of a force. The salaries of chief constables vary from force to force, primarily on the basis of the population of their force's territory, but the amounts are fixed centrally. As of 2022, the highest paid is the chief constable of the Police Service of Northern Ireland , on £230,000, in recognition of the unique security challenges and political sensitivity of that office. Other salaries range from £181,455 in

1020-513: The 18th century and earlier. Constable and constabulary were terms adopted in an attempt to provide a historical link with the older forces - the term is derived from the Latin comes stabuli (keeper of the stables) - and to emphasise local control. Much of the debate about policing in the early 19th century, when modern police forces were introduced in the United Kingdom , concerned fears that

1071-533: The MDP deployed officers to GCHQ Cheltenham on a full-time basis; this was in response to the 2014 increase to the UK threat level from international terrorism. MDP officers are attested as constables in one of the three jurisdictions of the United Kingdom: England & Wales , Scotland and Northern Ireland , but can exercise their powers in matters relating to the Ministry of Defence Estate throughout

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1122-482: The MOD and the escorting of the movement of MOD property anywhere in the United Kingdom. MDP officers are able to take on the powers of constables of territorial police forces, or other special police forces, such as British Transport Police , in certain situations. This is known as 'extended jurisdiction' and use of these powers is set out in the Ministry of Defence Police Act (as amended). Protocols are in place which govern

1173-499: The Ministry of Defence contracted with Marine Specialised Technology to build 16 new patrol boats for the Ministry of Defence Police and a further two specifically for the Gibraltar Defence Police . The new 15m boats, which are replacing the existing vessels, have a crew of three (plus room for four more passengers), a top speed of 30 knots and are fitted with both ballistic protection and CCTV surveillance systems. Delivery of

1224-563: The Night Constable (responsible for policing during the night). The police station , which has remained the headquarters building since it was completed in 1873, is situated centrally in Stanley . The building, which has had several wooden extensions added over the years, was built of stone by the detachment of Royal Marines that were stationed in the colony at that time. Today all serving police officers are based at Stanley police station or

1275-657: The Nuclear Guard Force (NGF), who can be deployed at short notice in the event of a nuclear accident ; they perform this function alongside the UK's national Nuclear Accident Response Organisation (NARO). The MDP has the second largest number of police dogs of any UK police force and utilises explosive, drug, tactical firearms support, and general purpose police dogs. The Force has three Central Support Groups (CSGs), which provide regional support where additional resources are needed. These are located at Aldershot , Bicester and Scotland . The Tactical Firearms Unit

1326-469: The United Kingdom, and additionally in the circumstances described below. MDP officers' natural geographic jurisdiction relates to MOD property and land as set out in section 2 of the Ministry of Defence Police Act 1987 , which was amended by the Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 . MDP officers also have police jurisdiction in relation to certain persons connected with the MOD, crime related to

1377-452: The United Kingdom. Entry requirements for new officers are similar to UK territorial police forces; however, because all MDP officers can carry firearms, the eyesight focal acuity standard and basic fitness standard is higher. Entrants must also be British nationals . The MDP recruits nationally and new entrants may be given a posting anywhere in the UK. In practice, most new entrants are initially posted to nuclear division; either at one of

1428-506: The United Kingdom. The MDP has the second highest number of officers trained as authorised firearms officers of any police force, after the Metropolitan Police Service , who as of March 2019, had 2,623 AFOs. In 2016, MDP officers made 61 arrests. Comparatively, in the year ending March 2017, a territorial police forces with similar numbers of officers, Sussex Police , made 17,506 arrests. The Ministry of Defence Police

1479-648: The United Kingdom. The MDP are not military police . Service personnel often refer to the MDP by the nickname "MOD plod". The force was formed in 1971 by the merger of three separate service constabularies: the Air Force Department Constabulary , the Army Department Constabulary , and the Admiralty Constabulary . The force, which consists of two divisions, is headquartered at RAF Wyton , Cambridgeshire . The MDP underwent

1530-557: The chief constable. The chief constable's badge of rank, worn on the epaulettes , consists of crossed tipstaffs in a laurel wreath , surmounted by a crown. This is similar to the insignia of a lieutenant-general in the British Army, and is also worn by an assistant commissioner in the Metropolitan Police . The chief constable is assisted by a deputy chief constable (DCC) and one or more assistant chief constables (ACC). The chief constable, DCC and ACCs are collectively known as

1581-519: The chief officers of 37 English territorial forces outside London, four Welsh territorial forces, the Police Service of Scotland, the Police Service of Northern Ireland , three special national forces and three Crown Dependency constabularies. The chief officers of some police departments in Canada also hold the title of chief constable. The title is derived from the original local parish constables of

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1632-543: The country. As of 2011, the commissioner earns an annual salary of £260,088, whilst their deputy earns £214,722. In London , the Metropolitan Police and the City of London Police are led by commissioners rather than chief constables. Chief constable was, however, a lower rank in the Metropolitan Police which existed between 1886 and 1946. In 1869, the divisions of the Metropolitan Police were grouped into four districts, and four new officers called district superintendents were appointed to command them, ranking between

1683-591: The districts in 1933, with the chief constables remaining as their deputies until the latter rank was finally renamed deputy commander in 1946. Ministry of Defence Police The Ministry of Defence Police ( MDP ) is a civilian special police force which is part of the United Kingdom's Ministry of Defence . The MDP's primary responsibilities are to provide armed security and counter terrorism services to designated high-risk areas, as well as uniformed policing and limited investigative services to Ministry of Defence property, personnel, and installations throughout

1734-566: The force weapon, the Heckler & Koch MP7 . The MDP has a large marine fleet. The marine support units are responsible for the waterborne security of His Majesty's Dockyards and HM Naval Bases. The marine support units are based at HMNB Portsmouth , HMNB Devonport and HMNB Clyde . At HMNB Clyde, the marine unit works with the Fleet Protection Group Royal Marines . see also – island-class patrol vessel (2013) In 2021,

1785-583: The forces, with the aim of delivering the best policing on the ground. Unlike the other special police forces in the United Kingdom, the MDP does not have a police authority to oversee the functions of the force; however, the Ministry of Defence Police Committee, established by the Ministry of Defence Police Act 1987 , advises the Secretary of State for Defence on matters concerning the MDP. The committee (or its members) also has various functions in determining police misconduct and appeals cases. According to

1836-507: The holder to UK Secret level). All Nuclear Division officers, and about 30% of all other officers, are required to hold Developed Vetting (DV) status, which involves an extensive background investigation and formal interviews. DV status clears the officer to UK Top Secret level. Those officers working with US Forces in the UK are required to hold a US Common Access Card for which the US Government carries out its own security checks on

1887-593: The military base. Historically local constables were based at Fox Bay (by 1900), and the Jason Islands (by 1920), with another at Grytviken in South Georgia (also by 1920) chiefly to prevent seal poaching. The police station took a direct hit from a British missile during the Falklands War on 11 June 1982 and was severely damaged. The fabric of the building was repaired but after 135 years of continual service it

1938-424: The new forces might become paramilitary agents of central government control. To this day other British police ranks , such as inspector and superintendent , are determinedly non-paramilitary – only police sergeants hold a quasi-military rank and even then the term sergeant had long existed as a non-military officer of subordinate rank. The County Police Act 1839 gave the counties of England and Wales

1989-518: The officer. New entrants perform a two-year probationary period. As of July 2024 , the starting pay for newly recruited MDP constables is £27,123. New recruits are entitled to 22 days leave, which rises to 30 days after 20 years service. Discipline in the MDP is governed by the Ministry of Defence Police (Conduct) Regulations 2009, which broadly resemble the Police (Conduct) Regulations 2008 that govern territorial police forces. MDP officers retain

2040-543: The opportunity to establish full-time police forces, headed by a chief constable who was appointed by the justices of the peace of the county. The first county to implement this was Wiltshire Constabulary , which appointed Captain Samuel Meredith RN its first chief constable on 28 November 1839. Other counties followed this pattern; for instance, Essex appointed its first chief constable on 11 February 1840. Originally, most borough police forces were commanded by

2091-513: The rank of district superintendent was renamed chief constable, as it was decided that it could be confused with the divisional superintendents. Unlike their superiors, chief constables were actually sworn into the office of constable , hence the name. A fifth chief constable was later created in the Criminal Investigation Department . In 1919 the rank became junior to the new rank of deputy assistant commissioners , who took over

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2142-534: The relationships between the MOD Police and local forces under these circumstances. Local agreements with territorial police forces are made under the overarching general protocols agreed between the MDP chief constable and other chief constables. These set out the agreed working relationship between the MDP and other police forces; outlining, where necessary, areas of responsibility and accountability. The protocols make provision for consultation and co-operation between

2193-416: The sites that the MDP protect across the UK, including HMNB Portsmouth , AWE Aldermaston ,AWE Burghfield, HMNB Clyde , RNAD Coulport , HMNB Devonport and Whitehall. A surge capability is also available where required. The MDP work closely with: Police Scotland , Metropolitan Police Service , City of London Police , MOD Guard Service and British Transport Police , who also operate Project Servator in

2244-419: The small size of the force, there are no permanent armed response units, although some officers are trained and certified as Authorised firearms officers . The RFIP has a total staff of 28, including sworn constables and support staff, for front desk and licensing duties. The RFIP consists of: There are also four police support staff: The force uses the following standard British policing ranks: The RFIP

2295-549: The terms of reference of the MOD Police Committee, the committee is responsible for: The MDP has two land-based functional divisions (reduced from five geographic divisions as part of SDSR in April 2012): As of May 2017 , the force strength was around 2,594. According to the 2019–20 Policing Plan, the MDP has a workforce of around 2,900 police officers and 260 police staff based at numerous defence locations across

2346-683: The two AWE establishments in South East England or one of the stations in Western Scotland. MDP recruits are trained at the Force Training Centre at MOD Southwick Park on a 12-week fully residential course. The program follows the College of Policing initial learning and development syllabus. In addition to pre-entry security checks, all MDP officers are required to hold at least UK Government Security Check (SC) clearance (which clears

2397-522: The vessels was expected to begin in July 2022. Although only constituting 1.5% of the national police force, the MDP has 8% of the national chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) response capability. Officers deployed to Nuclear Division are trained in CBRN defence and to work in radiologically controlled environments . The force maintains a large pool of specially-trained officers nationally, known as

2448-707: Was created in 1971 and has legal status by provision of the Ministry of Defence Police Act 1987. The DPF functions in a similar fashion to a trade union , with membership being voluntary, except that — like all UK police forces — officers do not have the right to take strike action . The DPF has in recent years concentrated its efforts on what it sees as unfair conditions leveled on MDP Officers in comparison to other Home Office (HO) and Special Police forces. These include: Aside from their personal body armour, PAVA incapacitation spray , batons and Hiatt speedcuffs , all MDP officers are trained to use firearms and about 90% are armed at any one time. Most officers are armed with

2499-778: Was formed in 1971 by the merger of three civil constabularies, the Air Force Department Constabulary (previously under the control of the Air Ministry ), the Army Department Constabulary (previously under the control of the War Office ), and the Admiralty Constabulary (previously under the control of the Admiralty ). These earlier constabularies were formed as a result of the Special Constables Act 1923, although their histories can be traced back much further as watchmen . Their powers came from different legislative sources. In 1984,

2550-797: Was totally refurbished in 2008. This was completed in 2009 with the new jail being opened by the Princess Royal on 24 March 2009. Communication is based on VHF FM radio and is encrypted. It is monitored from a force control room in Stanley. The use of a repeater greatly extends the range of coverage. Codes of practice are published originating from the Criminal Justice Ordinance 1989. All equipment issued to officers and practices used to comply with Home Office and Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO) guidelines. In common with British police practice, officers are not routinely armed. Owing to

2601-460: Was undertaken by uniformed police officers. The CID is staffed by two detective constables and one detective sergeant. Until November 2014, the RFIP also provided prison services on the Falkland Islands. Since then, there has been a separate and dedicated prison service, but this is still located within the police station, working with the RFIP to provide custody and detention facilities. The prison service

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