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29-556: The book follows the travels of young Mark Twain through the American West during the years 1861–1867. He joined his brother Orion Clemens , who had been appointed Secretary of the Nevada Territory , on a stagecoach journey west. Twain consulted his brother's diary to refresh his memory and borrowed heavily from his imagination for many stories in the book. Roughing It illustrates many of Twain's early adventures, including

58-616: A "Sagebrush War" with California over disputed state boundary lines. He built a home in Carson City and brought his wife, Mollie, and young daughter, Jennie, to Nevada a year after his arrival. Jennie would die there in February 1864. Clemens offered strong support of the newly formed government in Carson City, paying out of his own pocket for the printing of the House and Senate Journals and to furnish

87-471: A daughter, Jennie, was born in 1855. She was beloved by her uncle Samuel. When the family moved to Nevada, Jennie attended Sierra Seminary in Carson City about which Sam wrote a piece after visiting her there. Jennie fell ill to spotted fever on January 29, 1864, and died of meningitis , a complication of the illness, on February 1, 1864. Her parents and uncle had stood vigil around her bedside until she died. The Orion Clemens House , in Carson City,

116-416: A mine foreman A.D. Allen, giving them well-founded hopes of being millionaires. To establish a claim, it was required that any or all of the claimants do a reasonable amount of work on the claimed strike within ten days. Due to chance happenings and failed communications between the three, the work requirement was left unfulfilled, and the forfeited but rich claim was quickly seized by others ten days after it

145-515: A new life in Meadow Lake , California. They then lived for some time in the eastern United States, where Clemens again attempted to pursue a career in journalism, before finally relocating once again to Keokuk, Iowa , in the mid-1870s, where he lived for the remainder of his life. There he at times practiced law, farmed chickens, and worked at inventing various gadgets. Unfortunately, his endeavors were largely unsuccessful, and his main source of income

174-601: A visit to Salt Lake City , gold and silver prospecting, real-estate speculation, a journey to the Kingdom of Hawaii , and his beginnings as a writer. This memoir provides examples of Twain's rough-hewn humor, which became a staple of his writing in later books such as Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884), The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876), and A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court (1889). U.S. astronauts Frank Borman and Jim Lovell read Roughing It aloud to pass

203-463: A week to join him there. Sam stayed for a year and a half before growing restless and moving on. By at least 1860 Clemens had come to the conclusion that slavery was morally wrong, and had worked for the election of Republican Abraham Lincoln . Following Lincoln's election as president that year, Clemens was appointed Secretary to the new government of the Territory of Nevada at a salary of $ 1,800

232-447: A year. His younger brother Sam accompanied him to Nevada Territory in the summer of 1861. Sam would later write about this journey in his semi-autobiographical book, Roughing It . Sam drifted into mining and newspaper work, while his brother served as Territorial Secretary and often as acting governor when James W. Nye was outside the territory. It was while acting as temporary governor that Orion gained political popularity by avoiding

261-835: Is a statutory member of the Cabinet of the United States . Under the Appointments Clause of the United States Constitution , the officeholder is nominated by the president of the United States, then appointed with the advice and consent of the United States Senate . The attorney general is supported by the Office of the Attorney General, which includes executive staff and several deputies. Merrick Garland has been

290-641: Is listed on the National Register of Historic Places . Attorney General of the United States The United States attorney general ( AG ) is the head of the United States Department of Justice (DOJ) and is the chief law enforcement officer of the federal government of the United States . The attorney general serves as the principal advisor to the president of the United States on all legal matters. The attorney general

319-512: The Judiciary Act of 1789 which, among other things, established the Office of the Attorney General. The original duties of this officer were "to prosecute and conduct all suits in the Supreme Court in which the United States shall be concerned, and to give his advice and opinion upon questions of law when required by the president of the United States, or when requested by the heads of any of

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348-731: The New York State Assembly from Albany County , District Attorney of Albany County United States Senator from Tennessee , Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Tennessee 's 3rd district and 5th district, Chief Justice of the Kentucky Court of Appeals Solicitor of the United States Treasury , U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania 22nd Secretary of State of Kentucky , United States Senator from Kentucky Member of

377-617: The U.S. House of Representatives from Maryland 's 3rd district Attorney General of Pennsylvania United States Attorney for the District of Virginia , Member of the Virginia House of Delegates from Richmond City 6th Clerk of the Virginia House of Delegates Judge of the Eastern judicial circuit of Georgia, United States Senator from Georgia Acting United States Secretary of War , Attorney General of Maryland Member of

406-567: The U.S. House of Representatives from Massachusetts 's 4th district United States Senator from Kentucky , Speaker of the Kentucky House of Representatives , Attorney General of Kentucky Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Delaware 's at-large district, Member of Delaware General Assembly United States Minister to the United Kingdom , 3rd Attorney General of Maryland , Mayor of Annapolis , Member of

435-641: The Clemens family moved to Hannibal, Missouri , a port town on the Mississippi River which was to eventually inspire some of his brother Sam's stories. As a young man, Clemens worked in his father's general store, and later as an apprentice at a local newspaper, before moving to St. Louis, Missouri . In St. Louis, Clemens began studying law under attorney Edward Bates , who later served as Attorney General for President Abraham Lincoln . After his father's death in 1847, Clemens returned to Hannibal and purchased

464-498: The United States attorney general since March 11, 2021. On November 21, 2024, President-elect Donald Trump named former Florida Attorney General Pam Bondi as his nominee to run the Justice Department. The title, "attorney general" is an example of a noun ( attorney ) followed by a postpositive adjective ( general ). "General" is a description of the type of attorney, not a title or rank in itself ( as it would be in

493-508: The departments". Some of these duties have since been transferred to the United States solicitor general and the White House counsel . The Department of Justice was established in 1870 to support the attorneys general in the discharge of their responsibilities. The secretary of state , the secretary of the treasury , the secretary of defense , and the attorney general are regarded as

522-460: The four most important Cabinet officials in the United States because of the size and importance of their respective departments. Attorney General is a Level   I position in the Executive Schedule , thus earning a salary of US$ 221,400, as of January 2021. It is the practice for the attorney general, along with the other Cabinet secretaries and high-level political appointees of

551-581: The local newspaper, then became the owner of The Hannibal Journal where Samuel worked for him. Unable to make a successful living as a journalist there, Clemens relocated to Muscatine, Iowa , in 1853 to run the Muscatine Journal . Just a year later he was in Keokuk, Iowa , with new wife Mary Eleanor "Mollie" Stotts, running the "Ben Franklin Book and job printing office". In 1855, he hired his brother Sam at $ 5

580-402: The military ). Even though the attorney general (and the similarly titled solicitor general ) is occasionally referred to as "General" or "General [last name]" by senior government officials, this is considered incorrect in standard American English usage. For the same reason, the correct American English plural form is "attorneys general" rather than "attorney generals". Congress passed

609-657: The president , to tender a resignation with effect on the Inauguration Day (January 20) of a new president. The deputy attorney general is also expected to tender a resignation, but is commonly requested to stay on and act as the attorney general pending the confirmation by the Senate of the new attorney general. For example, upon the inauguration of President Donald Trump on January 20, 2017, then-Attorney General Loretta Lynch left her position, so then-Deputy Attorney General Sally Yates , who had also tendered her resignation,

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638-468: The spirits of the often moody Orion, making effective campaigning difficult. The following year, he served a brief time as an elected state assemblyman . However, the meager salary of a legislator and his inability to develop a successful law practice led him to leave Nevada in August 1866, forced to sell their home for a financial loss. After leaving Nevada, Clemens and Mollie tried unsuccessfully to start

667-574: The time aboard NASA's Gemini VII , a 14-day-long Earth orbital mission in December 1965. In Lords of St. Thomas , a 2018 historical novel set in St. Thomas, Nevada , the main character "Little" Henry Lord is reading Roughing It when he learns that his father has fallen from the Hoover Dam . Various sections of Roughing It were borrowed by television series such as Bonanza . In 1960, an hour-long adaptation

696-572: The two territorial legislative chambers. After the Territory became the thirty-sixth state of the US on October 31, 1864, Clemens tried to secure the nomination for Nevada Secretary of State . Clemens, "a confirmed teetotaler since his days as a printer's apprentice in St. Louis", took a strong position against the availability of whiskey, which lost him much support. The death of his only child also permanently dampened

725-663: Was asked to stay on to serve as the acting attorney general until the confirmation of the new attorney general Jeff Sessions , who had been nominated for the office in November 2016 by then- President-elect Donald Trump.     Federalist (4)     Democratic-Republican (5)     Democratic (34)     Whig (4)     Republican (40) 7th Governor of Virginia Attorney General of Pennsylvania Acting United States Secretary of State Acting United States Secretary of State , 7th Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts , Member of

754-574: Was broadcast on NBC starring Andrew Prine and James Daly . A four-hour 2002 mini-series adaptation was broadcast on Hallmark Channel. Directed by Charles Martin Smith , it starred James Garner as an elderly Samuel Clemens and Robin Dunne as a young Clemens. Roughing It recounts midway through the book that a rich "blind lead" gold strike was discovered and claimed by a partnership of Twain, Calvin Higbie, and

783-544: Was cast as Higbie. Orion Clemens Orion Clemens (July 17, 1825 – December 11, 1897) was the first and only Secretary of the Nevada Territory . His younger brother Samuel Langhorne Clemens became a famous author under the pen name Mark Twain . Born in Gainesboro, Tennessee , Orion Clemens was the eldest of seven children. Four of his six siblings died before reaching the age of twenty, leaving only sister Pamela (1827–1904) and his brother Samuel (1835–1910). In 1839,

812-589: Was discovered. In the dedication of the book, Twain refers to Higbie as an "Honest Man, a Genial Comrade, and a Steadfast Friend … dedicated in Memory of the Curious Time When We Two Were Millionaires for Ten Days". The prospecting story is also covered in a 1968 episode of the syndicated television anthology series Death Valley Days , hosted by Robert Taylor . In the television dramatization, Tom Skerritt plays Twain, and Dabney Coleman

841-606: Was his brother Sam, who visited often after their mother moved to join Clemens and Mollie. Orion spent much of his time in Keokuk working on his autobiography, which Sam encouraged him to write as an example of the failure of the American dream. Orion Clemens died December 11, 1897. There are reports that Sam burned portions of his brother's manuscript that he found unsuitable. The work is lost and has never been published. Clemens wed Mary Eleanor "Mollie" Stotts in 1854. Their only child,

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