80-509: Robbe-Grillet is a compound surname. Notable people with this surname include: Alain Robbe-Grillet (1922–2008), French writer and filmmaker Catherine Robbe-Grillet (née Rstakian; born 1930), French writer, dominatrix, photographer, theatre and film actress [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with the surname Robbe-Grillet . If an internal link intending to refer to
160-611: A Kodak 8mm camera with which he began to make his own short films, including a three-minute version of Fantômas . Around the age of 14, he discovered surrealism and through that an interest in the works of André Breton . Visits to the theatre in Paris gave Resnais the desire to be an actor, and in 1939 he moved to Paris to become an assistant in Georges Pitoëff 's company at the Théâtre des Mathurins . From 1940 to 1942 he studied acting in
240-482: A change of direction. Je t'aime, je t'aime (1968) drew upon the traditions of science-fiction for a story of a man sent back into his past, a theme which enabled Resnais again to present a narrative of fragmented time. Alain Resnais's scriptwriter on this film was the author Jacques Sternberg . The film was unlucky in its release (its planned screening at Cannes was cancelled amid the political events of May 1968), and it
320-531: A common starting point, and to be seen in any order. Sabine Azéma and Pierre Arditi played all the parts, and the theatricality of the undertaking was again emphasised by the studio set designs for a fictional English village. Resnais returned to Ayckbourn in the following decade for his adaptation of Private Fears in Public Places to which he gave the film title of Cœurs (2006). Among the stage/film effects which contribute to its mood of "cheerful desolation"
400-462: A creator of fiction was not restricted to the writing of novels. For him, creating fiction in the form of films was of equal importance. His film career began when Alain Resnais chose to collaborate with him on his 1961 film Last Year at Marienbad . The film was nominated for the 1963 Academy Award for Writing Original Screenplay and won the Golden Lion when it came out in 1961. In the credits it
480-466: A detective novel, but it contains within it a deeper structure based on the tale of Oedipus . The detective is seeking the assassin in a murder that has not yet occurred, only to discover that it is his destiny to become that assassin. His next and most acclaimed novel is The Voyeur ( Le Voyeur ), first published in French in 1955 and translated into English in 1958 by Richard Howard . The Voyeur relates
560-505: A film editor in the mid-1940s, he went on to direct short films including Night and Fog (1956), an influential documentary about the Nazi concentration camps . Resnais began making feature films in the late 1950s and consolidated his early reputation with Hiroshima mon amour (1959), Last Year at Marienbad (1961), and Muriel (1963), all of which adopted unconventional narrative techniques to deal with themes of troubled memory and
640-408: A film in which dialogue and song would alternate. Music, very differently used, was a major component of L'Amour à mort ( Love unto Death , 1984). For this intense chamber work with four principal actors (Azéma, Arditi, Ardant and Dussollier), Resnais asked Hans Werner Henze to compose musical episodes which would act as a "fifth character", not an accompaniment but a fully integrated element of
720-470: A novel by Christian Gailly, as the basis for Les Herbes folles ( Wild Grass , 2009). He explained however that what initially attracted him to the book was the quality of its dialogue, which he retained largely unchanged for the film. When Les Herbes folles was shown at the Cannes Film Festival, it was the occasion for a special jury award to Resnais "for his work and exceptional contribution to
800-556: A prize at the Venice Biennale in 1948, and also won an Oscar for Best 2-reel Short in 1949. (Braunberger went on to act as producer for several of Resnais's films in the following decade.) Resnais continued to address artistic subjects in Gauguin (1950) and Guernica (1950), which examined the Picasso painting based on the 1937 bombing of the town, and presented it to the accompaniment of
880-462: A screenplay written by David Mercer , and a cast that included John Gielgud , Dirk Bogarde and Ellen Burstyn . The story shows an ageing, maybe dying, novelist grappling with alternative versions of his own past as he adapts them for his fiction. Resnais was eager that the dark subject should remain humorous, and he described it as "a macabre divertissement". Formal innovation characterised Mon oncle d'Amérique ( My American Uncle , 1980) in which
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#1732851094975960-414: A series of short documentary films showing artists at work in their studios, as well as a few commercial commissions, Resnais was invited in 1948 to make a film about the paintings of Van Gogh , to coincide with an exhibition that was being mounted in Paris. He filmed it at first in 16mm, but when the producer Pierre Braunberger saw the results, Resnais was asked to remake it in 35mm. Van Gogh received
1040-634: A specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robbe-Grillet&oldid=1189189398 " Categories : Surnames Compound surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata All set index articles Alain Robbe-Grillet Alain Robbe-Grillet ( French: [alɛ̃ ʁɔb ɡʁijɛ] ; 18 August 1922 – 18 February 2008)
1120-455: A survivor of the camps) was intentionally understated to add to the distancing effect. Although the film encountered censorship problems with the French government, its impact was immense and it remains one of the director's most admired works. A different kind of collective memory was considered in Toute la mémoire du monde (1956), in which the seemingly endless spaces and bibliographic riches of
1200-461: A text written by Paul Éluard . A political perspective on art also underpinned his next project (co-directed with Chris Marker ), Les statues meurent aussi ( Statues Also Die , 1953), a polemic about the destruction of African art by French cultural colonialism. Nuit et Brouillard ( Night and Fog , 1956) was one of the first documentaries about the Nazi concentration camps, but it deals more with
1280-505: A volume of his photographs, taken between 1948 and 1971, of locations in London, Scotland, Paris, Nevers, Lyon, New York and Hiroshima; Jorge Semprun wrote the introductory text. Some of the photographs relate to his unfulfilled Harry Dickson film. After contributing an episode to L'An 01 (The Year 01) (1973), a collective film organised by Jacques Doillon , Resnais made a second collaboration with Jorge Semprun for Stavisky (1974), based on
1360-545: A woman and two men, in the opulent setting of a grand European hotel or château where the possibility of a previous encounter a year ago is repeatedly asserted and questioned and contradicted. After winning the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival , the film attracted great attention and provoked many divergent interpretations of how it should be understood, encouraged by interviews in which Robbe-Grillet and Resnais themselves appeared to give conflicting explanations of
1440-399: Is acknowledged under the pseudonym Alex Reval, since he did not want his name to appear more than once in the credits.) Time and memory have regularly been identified as two of the principal themes of Resnais's work, at least in his earlier films. He however consistently tried to modify this view of his concerns: "I prefer to speak of the imaginary, or of consciousness. What interests me in
1520-442: Is compromised by a lack of sensuousness, and that his seriousness of intent fails to communicate itself to audiences. Elsewhere however it is suggested that such views are partly based on a misreading of the films, especially his earlier ones, which has impeded an appreciation of the humour and irony which pervade his work; and other viewers have been able to make the connection between the film's form and its human dimension. There
1600-400: Is general agreement about Resnais's attachment to formalism in his approach to film; he himself regarded it as the starting point of his work, and usually had an idea of a form, or method of construction, in his head even before the plot or the characters took shape. For him this was also the basis for the communication of feeling: "There cannot be any communication except through form. If there
1680-452: Is no form, you cannot create emotion in the spectator." Another term which appears in commentaries on Resnais throughout his career is "surrealism", from his documentary portrait of a library in Toute la mémoire du monde , through the dreamlike innovations of Marienbad , to the latterday playfulness of Les Herbes folles . Resnais himself traced a link to his teenage discovery of surrealism in
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#17328510949751760-435: Is the artificial snow which is continually seen through set windows until eventually it falls on the studio interior as well. Speaking in 1986, Resnais said that he did not make a separation between cinema and theatre and refused to make enemies of them. He preferred working with "people of the theatre", and he said that he would never want to film a novel. It was therefore something of a departure when he chose L'Incident ,
1840-651: The Bibliothèque nationale were explored in another compendium of long travelling shots. In 1958 Resnais undertook a commission from the Pechiney company to make short film, in colour and wide-screen, extolling the merits of plastics, Le Chant du styrène . Poetry was brought to the project, literally, by Raymond Queneau who wrote the narration for the film in rhyming couplets. In his decade of making documentary short films, Resnais established his interest in and talent for collaboration with leading figures in other branches of
1920-477: The Cours René-Simon (and one of his small jobs at this time was as an extra in the film Les Visiteurs du soir ), but he then decided in 1943 to apply to the newly formed film school IDHEC to study film editing. The filmmaker Jean Grémillon was one of the teachers who had the most influence on him at that period. Resnais left in 1945 to do his military service which took him to Germany and Austria with
2000-565: The New Wave or nouvelle vague in the late 1950s, but by then he had already established a significant reputation through his ten years of work on documentary short films. He defined his own relationship by saying: "Although I was not fully part of the New Wave because of my age, there was some mutual sympathy and respect between myself and Rivette, Bazin, Demy, Truffaut ... So I felt friendly with that team." He nevertheless acknowledged his debt to
2080-472: The Venice Film Festival . Resnais was born in 1922 at Vannes in Brittany, where his father was a pharmacist. An only child, he was often ill with asthma in childhood, which led to his being withdrawn from school and educated at home. He was an eager reader, in a range that extended from classics to comic books, but from the age of 10 he became fascinated by films. For his twelfth birthday his parents gave him
2160-617: The Académie's reception procedures. Robbe-Grillet both refused to prepare and submit a welcome speech in advance, preferring to improvise his speech, as well as refusing to purchase and wear the Académie's famous green tails ( habit vert ) and sabre, which he considered outdated. His writing style has been described as "realist" or " phenomenological " (in the Husserlian sense) or "a theory of pure surface". Methodical, geometric, and often repetitive descriptions of objects replace (though often reveal)
2240-570: The Centre for Sociology of Literature ( Centre de sociologie de la littérature ) at the Université Libre de Bruxelles from 1980 to 1988. From 1971 to 1995, Robbe-Grillet was a professor at New York University , lecturing on his own novels. Although Robbe-Grillet was elected to the Académie française in 2004, in his eighties, he was never formally received by the Académie because of disputes regarding
2320-421: The New Wave because it created the conditions of production, and particularly the financial conditions, which allowed him to make a film like Hiroshima mon amour , his first feature film. Resnais was more often associated with a "Left Bank" group of writers and filmmakers who included Agnès Varda , Chris Marker , Jean Cayrol , Marguerite Duras and Alain Robbe-Grillet (with all of whom he collaborated in
2400-564: The Spanish government caused it to be withdrawn and it was shown out of competition. In 1967 Resnais participated with six other directors, including Chris Marker and Jean-Luc Godard , in a collective work about the Vietnam war, Loin du Vietnam ( Far from Vietnam ). From 1968 onwards, Resnais's films no longer addressed, at least directly, big political issues in the way that a number of his previous ones had done, and his next project seemed to mark
2480-717: The arts: with the painters who were the subjects of his early works; with writers (Eluard in Guernica , Cayrol in Nuit et Brouillard , Queneau in Le Chant du styrène ); with musicians ( Darius Milhaud in Gauguin , Hanns Eisler in Nuit et Brouillard , Pierre Barbaud in Le Chant du styrène ); and with other filmmakers (Resnais was the editor of Agnès Varda 's first film, La Pointe courte , and co-directed with Chris Marker Les statues meurent aussi ). Similar collaborations underpinned his future work in feature films. Resnais's first feature film
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2560-449: The camera and entrusting most of its musical numbers to actors rather than to trained singers. There are many references to the theatre throughout Resnais's filmmaking ( Marienbad , Muriel , Stavisky , Mon oncle d'Amérique ), but he first undertook the challenge of taking a complete stage work and giving it new cinematic life in Mélo (1986), an adaptation of Henri Bernstein 's 1929 play of
2640-468: The characters express their key emotions or private thoughts by bursting into snatches of well-known (recorded) popular songs without interrupting the dramatic situation. A long-neglected operetta from the 1920s was the unexpected basis for Resnais's next film Pas sur la bouche ( Not on the Lips , 2003), in which he sought to reinvigorate an unfashionable form of entertainment by recreating its theatricality for
2720-538: The cinema such as Jean Cayrol , Marguerite Duras , Alain Robbe-Grillet , Jorge Semprún and Jacques Sternberg . In later films, Resnais moved away from the overtly political topics of some previous works and developed his interests in an interaction between cinema and other cultural forms, including theatre, music, and comic books. This led to imaginative adaptations of plays by Alan Ayckbourn , Henri Bernstein and Jean Anouilh , as well as films featuring various kinds of popular song. His films frequently explore
2800-618: The clandestine activities of left-wing opponents of the Franco government in Spain. Resnais's scriptwriter on this film was the Spanish author Jorge Semprún , himself an ex-member of the Spanish Communist Party now in voluntary exile in France. Both men denied that the film was about Spain, but when it was entered for the official competition at the Cannes Film Festival in 1966, an objection from
2880-521: The competition section of the 64th Berlin International Film Festival in February 2014, where it won a Silver Bear award "for a feature film that opens new perspectives". At the time of his death, Resnais was preparing a further Ayckbourn project, based on the 2013 play Arrivals & Departures . Resnais was often linked with the group of French filmmakers who made their breakthrough as
2960-427: The contribution of his chosen writer, whose status in the shared "authorship" of the film he fully acknowledged. He was also known to treat the completed screenplay with great fidelity, to the extent that some of his screenwriters remarked on how closely the finished film realised their intentions. (On the few occasions when he did participate in writing the script, particularly for his last three films, his contribution
3040-449: The course of the novel the main character looks through his blinds repeatedly in different scenes, the 'jalousie' he looks out to the world that mutates ever so slightly each time. In 1984 he published what he described as an intentionally traditional autobiography, entitled Le Miroir qui revient , translated into English as Ghosts in the Mirror by Jo Levy (1988). Robbe-Grillet's career as
3120-458: The difficulty of coming to terms with its horrors, was a central theme of his next film Muriel (1963), which used a fractured narrative to explore the mental states of its characters. It was among the first French films to comment, even indirectly, on the Algerian experience. A contemporary political issue also formed the background for La guerre est finie ( The War Is Over , 1966), this time
3200-421: The diptych of Smoking/No Smoking (1993). Resnais, having admired the plays of Alan Ayckbourn for many years, chose to adapt what appeared the most intractable of them, Intimate Exchanges , a series of eight interlinked plays which follow the consequences of a casual choice to sixteen possible endings. Resnais slightly reduced the number of permuted endings and compressed the plays into two films, each having
3280-531: The drama with which the speech of the actors would interact. In subsequent years, Resnais gave his attention to music of more popular styles. He made Gershwin (1992), an innovative TV documentary in which the American composer's life and works were reviewed through the testimonies of performers and filmmakers, juxtaposed with commissioned paintings by Guy Peellaert . In On connaît la chanson ( Same Old Song , 1997), his tribute to television works of Dennis Potter ,
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3360-828: The earlier part of his career). They were distinguished by their interests in documentary, left-wing politics, and the literary experiments of the nouveau roman . At the same time, Resnais was also a devotee of popular culture. He owned the largest private collection of comic books in France and in 1962 became the vice president and co-founder of an International Society for Comic Books, Le Club des bandes dessinées , renamed two years later as Centre d'Études des Littératures d'Expression Graphique (CELEG) . CELEG members also included Resnais's artistic collaborators Marker and Robbe-Grillet. The importance of creative collaboration in Resnais's films has been noted by many commentators. Unlike many of his contemporaries, he always refused to write his own screenplays and attached great importance to
3440-583: The film. There was little doubt however that it represented a significant challenge to the traditional concept of narrative construction in cinema. At the beginning of the 1960s France remained deeply divided by the Algerian War , and in 1960 the Manifesto of the 121 , which protested against French military policy in Algeria, was signed by a group of leading intellectuals and artists who included Resnais. The war, and
3520-443: The history of cinema". In his final two films, Resnais again drew his source material from the theatre. Vous n'avez encore rien vu ( You Ain't Seen Nothin' Yet! , 2012) was adapted from two plays by Jean Anouilh , and it assembled thirteen actors (many of them regular performers in Resnais's earlier films) who have been summoned by the dying wish of an author to witness a new performance their roles in one of his plays. The film
3600-523: The imagined past. These films were contemporary with, and associated with, the French New Wave ( la nouvelle vague ), though Resnais did not regard himself as being fully part of that movement. He had closer links to the " Left Bank " group of authors and filmmakers who shared a commitment to modernism and an interest in left-wing politics. He also established a regular practice of working on his films in collaboration with writers previously unconnected with
3680-404: The large cast of La vie est un roman ( Life Is a Bed of Roses , 1983), a comic fantasy about utopian dreams in which three stories, from different eras and told in different styles, are interwoven within a shared setting. The action is punctuated by episodes of song which develop towards the end into scenes that are almost operatic; Resnais said that his starting point had been the desire to make
3760-505: The life of the notorious financier and embezzler whose death in 1934 provoked a political scandal. With glamorous costumes and sets, a musical score by Stephen Sondheim , and Jean-Paul Belmondo in the title role, it was seen as Resnais's most commercial film to date, but its complex narrative structure showed clear links with the formal preoccupations of his earlier films. With Providence (1977), Resnais made his first film in English, with
3840-442: The memory of the camps than with their actual past existence. Realising that standard documentary techniques would be incapable of confronting the enormity of the horror (and even risked humanising it), Resnais chose to use a distancing technique by alternating historical black-and-white images of the camps with contemporary colour footage of the sites in long tracking shots. The accompanying narration (written by Jean Cayrol , himself
3920-538: The mind is that faculty we have to imagine what is going to happen in our heads, or to remember what has happened". He also described his films as an attempt, however imperfect, to approach the complexity of thought and its mechanism. Another view of the evolution of Resnais's career saw him moving progressively away from a realistic treatment of 'big' subjects and overtly political themes towards films that are increasingly personal and playful. Resnais himself offered an explanation of this shift in terms of challenging what
4000-410: The novel was constructed along the lines of an absent third-person narrator. In Robbe-Grillet's account of the novel the absent narrator, a jealous husband, silently observes the interactions of his wife (referred to only as "A...") and a neighbour, Franck. The silent narrator who never names himself (his presence is merely implied, e.g. by the number of place settings at the dinner table or deck chairs on
4080-428: The novelist Marguerite Duras a fusion of fiction and documentary was developed which acknowledged the impossibility of speaking about Hiroshima; one could only speak about the impossibility of speaking about Hiroshima. In the film, the themes of memory and forgetting are explored via new narrative techniques which balance images with narrated text and ignore conventional notions of plot and story development. The film
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#17328510949754160-523: The occupying French forces, as well as making him a temporary member of a travelling theatre company, Les Arlequins. He returned to Paris in 1946 to start his career as a film editor, but also began making short films of his own. Finding himself to be a neighbour of the actor Gérard Philipe , he persuaded him to appear in a 16mm surrealist short, Schéma d'une identification (now lost). A more ambitious feature-length work, Ouvert pour cause d'inventaire , has also vanished without trace. After beginning with
4240-504: The production designer, and the composer Karlheinz Stockhausen attached for the score. Resnais and Dauman worked towards the project for a decade before finally giving up. The screenplay for the film by Frédéric de Towarnicki was published in 2007. Resnais spent some time in America working on various unfulfilled projects, including one about the Marquis de Sade . He also published Repérages ,
4320-450: The psychology and interiority of the character. The reader must slowly piece together the story and the emotional experience of jealousy, for example, in the repetition of descriptions, the attention to odd details, and the breaks in repetitions, a method that resembles the experience of psychoanalysis in which the deeper unconscious meanings are contained in the flow and disruptions of free associations. Timelines and plots are fractured, and
4400-455: The public. From the 1980s onwards Resnais showed a particular interest in integrating material from other forms of popular culture into his films, drawing especially on music and the theatre. In almost all of his remaining films he chose to work repeatedly with a core group of actors comprising Sabine Azéma , Pierre Arditi , and André Dussollier , sometimes accompanied by Fanny Ardant or Lambert Wilson . The first four of these were among
4480-403: The relationship between consciousness, memory, and the imagination, and he was noted for devising innovative formal structures for his narratives. Throughout his career, he won many awards from international film festivals and academies, including one Academy Award , two César Awards for best director (he was nominated on eight occasions), three Louis Delluc Prize and one Golden Lion at
4560-503: The resulting novel resembles the literary equivalent of a cubist painting. Yet his work is ultimately characterized by its ability to mean many things to many different people. Robbe-Grillet wrote his first novel A Regicide ( Un Régicide ) in 1949, but it was rejected by Gallimard, a major French publishing house, and only later published with minor corrections by his lifelong publisher Les Éditions de Minuit in 1978. His second novel, The Erasers ( Les Gommes ), superficially resembles
4640-415: The same name. Resnais remained entirely faithful to the play (apart from shortening it) and he emphasised its theatricality by filming in long takes on large sets of evidently artificial design, as well as by marking off the acts of the play with the fall of a curtain. After an excursion into the world of comic books and cartoons in I Want to Go Home (1989), an ambitious theatrical adaptation followed with
4720-602: The script for Last Year at Marienbad ( L'Année dernière à Marienbad ), and he subsequently wrote and directed his own films. In 1963, Robbe-Grillet published For a New Novel ( Pour un Nouveau Roman ), a collection of previously published theoretical writings concerning the novel. From 1966 to 1968, he was a member of the High Committee for the Defense and Expansion of French ( Haut comité pour la défense et l'expansion de la langue française ). In addition, Robbe-Grillet also led
4800-416: The story of Mathias, a traveling watch salesman who returns to the island of his youth with a desperate objective. As with many of his novels, The Voyeur revolves around an apparent murder: throughout the novel, Mathias unfolds a newspaper clipping about the details of a young girl's murder and the discovery of her body among the seaside rocks. Mathias' relationship with a dead girl, possibly that hinted at in
4880-439: The story, is obliquely revealed in the course of the novel so that we are never actually sure if Mathias is a killer or simply a person who fantasizes about killing. Importantly, the "actual murder," if such a thing exists, is absent from the text. The narration contains little dialogue, and an ambiguous timeline of events. Indeed, the novel's opening line is indicative of the novel's tone: "It was as if no one had heard." The Voyeur
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#17328510949754960-527: The theatre and the opera. In 1945, he completed his diploma at the National Institute of Agronomy . Later, his work as an agronomist took him to Martinique , French Guiana , Guadeloupe, and Morocco . In 1960, he was a signatory to the Manifesto of the 121 in support of the Algerian struggle for independence. He died in 2008 in Caen after succumbing to heart problems. Robbe-Grillet's first published novel
5040-502: The theories of the neurobiologist Henri Laborit about animal behaviour are juxtaposed with three interwoven fictional stories; and a further counterpoint to the fictional characters is provided by the inclusion of film extracts of the classic French film actors with whom they identify. The film won several international awards including the Grand Prix at the Cannes Film Festival, and it also proved to be one of Resnais's most successful with
5120-477: The verandah) is extremely suspicious that A... is having an affair with Franck. Throughout the novel, the absent narrator continually replays his observations and suspicions (that is, created scenarios about A... and Franck) so much so that it becomes impossible to distinguish between 'observed' moments or 'suspicious' moments. 'Jalousie' is also translatable as Persian blinds, the horizontal shutters common in France that are usually made of wood or sometimes metal. Over
5200-399: The works of André Breton: "I hope that I always remain faithful to André Breton who refused to suppose that imaginary life was not a part of real life". In 1969 Resnais married Florence Malraux (daughter of the French statesman and writer André Malraux ). She was a regular member of his production team, working as assistant director on most of his films from 1961 to 1986. His second wife
5280-423: Was Hiroshima mon amour (1959). It originated as a commission from the producers of Nuit et Brouillard ( Anatole Dauman and Argos Films) to make a documentary about the atomic bomb, but Resnais initially declined, thinking that it would be too similar to the earlier film about the concentration camps and that it presented the same problem of how to film incomprehensible suffering. However, in discussion with
5360-472: Was The Erasers ( Les Gommes ), which was issued by Les Éditions de Minuit in 1953. After that, he dedicated himself full-time to his new occupation. His early work was praised by eminent critics, such as Roland Barthes and Maurice Blanchot . Around the time of his second novel, he became a literary advisor for Les Éditions de Minuit and occupied this position from 1955 until 1985. After publishing four novels, in 1961, he worked with Alain Resnais , writing
5440-485: Was a French writer and filmmaker. He was one of the figures most associated with the Nouveau Roman ( lit. ' new novel ' ) trend of the 1960s, along with Nathalie Sarraute , Michel Butor and Claude Simon . Robbe-Grillet was elected a member of the Académie française on 25 March 2004, succeeding Maurice Rheims at seat No. 32. He married Catherine Robbe-Grillet ( née Rstakian). Alain Robbe-Grillet
5520-565: Was almost a decade before the appearance of his next feature film, La belle captive ( The Beautiful Captive ) (1983), where Robbe-Grillet enlisted the services of Henri Alekan as cinematographer. Subsequently, more than a decade passed before Robbe-Grillet got behind the lens again, this time filming a mystery thriller on a small Greek island with Fred Ward starring as the confused Frank in Un bruit qui rend fou ( A Maddening Noise , aka: The Blue Villa ) (1995). Before his death in 2008 Robbe-Grillet
5600-403: Was almost five years before Resnais was able to direct another film. Throughout the 1960s, Resnais was attached to direct an international production called Les Aventures de Harry Dickson , based on the stories by Jean Ray , with Anatole Dauman as producer. The project was intended to star either Dirk Bogarde or Laurence Olivier as the titular detective, with André Delvaux attached as
5680-452: Was awarded the Prix des Critiques . Next, he wrote La Jalousie in 1957, one of his few novels to be set in a non-urban location, in this instance a banana plantation. In the first year of publication only 746 copies were sold, despite the popularity of The Voyeur. Over time, it became a great literary success and was translated into English by Richard Howard. Robbe-Grillet himself argued that
5760-526: Was born in Brest ( Finistère , France) to a family of engineers and scientists. He was trained as an agricultural engineer . During the years 1943 and 1944, he participated in compulsory labor in Nuremberg, where he worked as a machinist. The initial few months were seen by Robbe-Grillet as something of a holiday. In between the very rudimentary training he was given to operate the machinery, he had free time to go to
5840-496: Was followed by his most commercially successful film after Last Year at Marienbad : Trans-Europ-Express (1966) starring Jean-Louis Trintignant , who worked with Robbe-Grillet on his next four films, his French-Slovak film L'homme qui ment/Muž, ktorý luže ( The Man Who Lies ) (1968), L'Eden et après/Eden a potom ( Eden and After ) (1970), Glissements progressifs du plaisir ( Progressive Slidings towards Pleasure ) (1974) and Le jeu avec le feu ( Playing with Fire ) (1975). It
5920-429: Was presented as a film equally co-authored by Robbe-Grillet and Resnais. Robbe-Grillet launched a career as a writer-director of a series of cerebral and often sexually provocative feature films that explored similar themes to those in his literary work (e.g. Voyeurism, The Body as Text, The 'Double'). He commenced with L'Immortelle ( The Immortal One ) (1962) which won the coveted Louis Delluc Prize of 1962. This
6000-521: Was released in 1983. In 1981, Robbe-Grillet and Yvone Lenard published Le Rendez-vous (The Meeting) in the United States as a textbook for intermediary French courses that included an original novel and grammar exercises. As Trinity College professor Sara Kippur explains, "As a language-learning tool, Le rendez-vous advanced a systematic approach that introduced students to increasing complex verb tenses and grammatical constructions." Le Rendez-vous
6080-520: Was released in the United States a month before Djinn was released in France. The text of Djinn was identical to that of Le Rendez-vous absent the grammar exercise and with the addition of the prologue and epilogue. Alain Resnais Alain Resnais ( French: [alɛ̃ ʁɛnɛ] ; 3 June 1922 – 1 March 2014) was a French film director and screenwriter whose career extended over more than six decades. After training as
6160-440: Was shown at the 1959 Cannes Film Festival , alongside Truffaut's Les Quatre Cents Coups ( The 400 Blows ), and its success became associated with the emerging movement of the French New Wave . Resnais's next film was L'Année dernière à Marienbad ( Last Year at Marienbad , 1961), which he made in collaboration with the novelist Alain Robbe-Grillet . The fragmented and shifting narrative presents three principal characters,
6240-446: Was shown in competition for the Palme d'Or at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival . Aimer, boire et chanter (2014) was the third film which Resnais adapted from a play by Alan Ayckbourn, in this case Life of Riley , in which three couples are thrown into confusion by the news that a shared friend has a terminal illness. Three weeks before Resnais's death, the film received its premiere in
6320-591: Was the norm in filmmaking at the time: having made his early films when escapist cinema was predominant, he progressively felt the need to move away from exploration of social and political issues as that itself became almost the norm in contemporary cinema. Experimentation with narrative forms and genre conventions instead became a central focus of his films. A frequent criticism of Resnais's films among English-language commentators has been that they are emotionally cold; that they are all about technique without grasp of character or subject, that his understanding of beauty
6400-494: Was to direct one more film, Gradiva ( C'est Gradiva qui vous appelle ) (2006) which brought once more to the fore his preoccupation with sadism and bondage in his fiction. In 1975, Robbe-Grillet and René Magritte published a book entitled La Belle Captive . The book is referred to as a "roman" (novel) and is illustrated with 77 paintings by Magritte interspersed with discourse written by Robbe-Grillet. The eponymous film La Belle captive , written and directed by Robbe-Grillet,
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