The Rio Group (G-Rio) was a permanent association of political consultation of Latin America and Caribbean countries, created in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil on December 18, 1986 with the purpose of creating a better political relationship among the countries. It was succeeded in 2011 by the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States .
18-705: The first countries to be members of this organization were Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela, the same members of the Contadora Group (Mexico, Colombia and Panama) and the Contadora Support Group (Argentina, Brazil, Peru, and Uruguay) which is also known as the Group of Lima or Group of Eight. The purpose of this group was to strengthen the political relationships and some issues among Latin American and Caribbean countries, this group
36-602: A system to promote peace in Central America. On June 6, 1986, The Central American countries visited Panama and signed the Contadora Act for peace and cooperation of Central America in which they signed to strengthen peace and cooperation among the peoples of the region and improve political confidence among the Central American countries caused by border incidents such as the arms race, arms trafficking, among others. this
54-553: The Central American crisis (military conflicts in El Salvador , Nicaragua and Guatemala ), which were threatening to destabilize the entire Central American region. The original stimulus for the initiative was a call by Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme and Nobel laureates Gabriel García Márquez , Alfonso García Robles and Alva Myrdal for the presidents of Colombia, Mexico, Venezuela and Panama to act as mediators in
72-566: The Contadora support group . The Contadora Act was tentatively approved by the Central American presidents, but did not gain the crucial backing of the United States due to its de facto recognition of the government of Nicaragua. The United States was also not supportive of the plan because it prohibited unilateral action by the US in protection of its interests. Moreover, the US succeeded in blocking in
90-780: The Nobel Peace Prize in 1982. García Robles was born in Zamora , Michoacán , and trained in law at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), the Institute of Higher International Studies (IHEI) in Paris, France (1936), and The Hague Academy of International Law in the Netherlands (1938) before joining his country's foreign service in 1939. He served as a delegate to the 1945 San Francisco Conference that established
108-564: The United Nations . He was ambassador to Brazil from 1962 to 1964, and was state secretary to the ministry of foreign affairs from 1964 to 1970. In 1971–1975 he served as his country's representative to the United Nations before an appointment as foreign minister in 1975–76. He was then appointed Mexico's permanent representative to the UN's Committee on Disarmament . García Robles received
126-525: The Contadora Act on Peace and Co-operation in Central America was also presented. This document included a range of detailed commitments to peace, democratization, regional security and economic co-operation. It also provided for regional committees to evaluate and verify compliance with these commitments. The following year, representatives from Argentina , Brazil , Peru and Uruguay met in Lima and created
144-610: The Contadora group, the foreign ministers of the Central American countries adopted a Document of Objectives in Panama City . This document declared their intent to promote democratization and to end armed conflict in the region, to act in compliance with international law, to revitalize and restore economic development and co-operation in Central America, and to negotiate better access to international markets. A year later, in September 1984,
162-519: The Eastern Caribbean. One of the most important virtues of the Rio Group was Meridian 47n. 115, Feb.2010 [p. 27-28] the only Political and diplomatic forum that brings together all 33 states that make up “America”. Contadora group The Contadora Group was an initiative launched in the early 1980s by the foreign ministers of Colombia , Mexico , Panama and Venezuela to deal with
180-804: The Nobel Peace Prize as the driving force behind the Treaty of Tlatelolco , which set up a nuclear-free zone in Latin America and the Caribbean . The agreement was signed in 1967 by most states in the region, though some states took some time to ratify the agreement. He was admitted to the Colegio Nacional of Mexico in 1972. His name was inscribed on the Wall of Honor of the Palacio Legislativo de San Lázaro ,
198-603: The conflicts. The group first met on Contadora Island (Panama) in 1983. The initiative drew international attention to Central America's conflicts and pressured for a softening of the militarist stance of the United States in the region. The peace plan was supported by the United Nations Security Council , the General Assembly and many regional and international bodies. In September 1983, mediated by
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#1732855496757216-730: The family of Latin America. Amorim also said “The Group of Rio has developed its capability to address new issues, mostly economic and cooperation ones, and is now serving as an important mechanism for dialogue.” During the meeting in Nov 4-5 in Rio de Janeiro, the group discuss the effects of globalization on Latin America countries. By this time Rio Group compromises 19 countries, including Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela. During
234-477: The foundations for such a plan to emerge in subsequent years. Under the leadership of Costa Rican president Óscar Arias , the so-called Esquipulas Peace Agreement emerged from the remains of Contadora in 1986 and led to a fundamental reshaping of Central American politics. Alfonso Garc%C3%ADa Robles Alfonso García Robles (20 March 1911 – 2 September 1991) was a Mexican diplomat and politician who, in conjunction with Sweden 's Alva Myrdal , received
252-575: The meeting of presidents of Latin America and the Caribbean in Cancun, Mexico, the presidents discussed the renewal and recomposition of the Permanent Mechanism for Consultation and Political Coordination, also known as the Rio Group. The Rio Group was created in 1986 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil by representatives of eight countries, by 2010 the Rio Group was composed by 23 countries and 1 representative from
270-526: The plan any recourse to the World Court and United Nations as required by international law. A revised version of the accord failed to assuage the objections raised and was finally laid to rest with its formal rejection by Costa Rica , El Salvador and Honduras in June 1986. While the Contadora group ultimately failed to establish a credible peace formula with the backing of all regional governments, it did lay
288-596: The political situation in Haiti, and to make preparations for the group's 18th summit set for November 4–5. During the meeting, Celso Amorim said that the Brazilian troops are taking part in the United Nations Stabilization Mission for Haiti (MINUSTAH) . He discussed the integration of South and Latin America, and said that the Rio Group could play an important role in facilitating the reinsertion of Cuba into
306-489: Was also signed to restore economic development and cooperation in Central America and thus be able to negotiate better access to international markets. Member states/organizations in alphabetical order by column: The Rio Group and the European Union maintains an institutionalized dialogue, based on the 1990 Rome Declaration . Foreign ministers of the group of Rio gathered for a two-day meeting to discuss issues including
324-567: Was based on consultations of common interest such as the Latin American unity, by 2010 the Rio Group was composed by 23 countries and 1 representative from the Eastern Caribbean. On July 29, 1985, Argentina, Peru, and Uruguay announced the creation of the Contadora Support Group or Lima Group , which together with the Contadora Group was known as the Group of Eight. In 1983, the governments of Mexico, Colombia, Panama, and Venezuela established
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