Traditional
63-509: (Redirected from Religious Right ) Not to be confused with Religious rite . The term religious right may refer to religiously motivated right-wing or conservative movements such as: Religious conservatism Christian right Jewish right Hindu nationalism ( Hindutva , Sangh Parivar ) Nippon Kaigi See also [ edit ] Islamic fundamentalism Religious fundamentalism Religious left Topics referred to by
126-402: A baby shower , where the friends and relatives of the woman meet, acknowledge and satisfy the food cravings of the expectant woman, and give gifts to the mother and the baby in the seventh or eighth month of pregnancy. Yåjñavalkya Smriti verse 3.79 asserts that the desires of the pregnant woman should be satisfied for healthy development of the baby, to prevent miscarriage and her health. After
189-460: A pandit . Samskaras are not considered as an end in themselves, but are means of social recognition as well as the passage of a person from one significant stage of life to another. Various elements of samskaras and rituals of passage are mentioned in Vedas of Hinduism, one of the oldest known scriptures in the world. The most extensive, but divergent discussions of these rites of passage are found in
252-507: A 1998 jazz album by Norwegian saxophonist Jan Garbarek The Rite (1969 film) , a Swedish drama film The Rite (2011 film) , an American horror film Quarry (novel) , a 2011 book by Ally Kennen, originally entitled Rites Sacred Rite (band) , American heavy metal band active from the 1980s to the 2000s Other uses [ edit ] Masonic rites , a series of degrees of initiation in Freemasonry Mount Rite,
315-517: A ceremonious act associated with social transition Sacrament , rites in Christianity including baptism, communion, and last rites Samskara (rite of passage) , rites of passage in Indic religions and cultures Arts, entertainment, and media [ edit ] RITE Method , game usability criteria Rite (album) , a 1993 ambient album by Julian Cope and Donald Ross Skinner Rites (album)
378-443: A concept in the karma theory of Indian philosophies. The word literally means "putting together, making perfect, getting ready, to prepare", or "a sacred or sanctifying ceremony" in ancient Sanskrit and Pali texts of India. In the context of karma theory, samskaras are dispositions, characters or behavioural traits that exist as default from birth or prepared and perfected by a person over one's lifetime, that exist as imprints on
441-402: A family, as well as those related to final rites associated with cremation. These rites of passage are not uniform, and vary within the diverse traditions of Hinduism. Some may involve formal ceremonies, yajna (fire) ceremonies with the chanting of Vedic hymns. Others are simple, private affairs involving a couple, with or without friends, other families or a religious person such as a priest or
504-489: A feast follows. The ancient Sanskrit texts provide numerous and divergent guidelines to the parents for choosing names. Most recommend that the boy's name be two or four syllables, starting with a sonant, a semivowel in the middle, and ending in a visarga. A girl's name is recommended to be an odd number of syllables, ending in a long ā or ī , resonant and easy to pronounce. Unpleasant, inauspicious, or words that easily transform into bad or evil words must be avoided, state
567-491: A form of solemn recognition and getting ready, engaging in works and acknowledging the purification of body by cleansing or mind by education or an object by a process (such as polishing a gem or refining a metal)". The term appears in the Śrutis , and in the Smritis of diverse schools of Hinduism as well as the texts of Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism. The etymological roots of the word samskara when it refers to rites of passage,
630-420: A hymn that means, "the brilliant sun has risen in the east, he is like the hamsa (swan) of the pure worlds, let us salute him, because he dispels darkness". When the baby is in presence of the moon, the father says, "O Moon, thou whose hair is well parted, let this child come to no harm, nor torn from the mother". Annaprashana ( IAST : Annaprāśana, Sanskrit: अन्नप्राशन) literally means "feeding of food", and
693-512: A large list of "forty outer karma samskaras" and "eight inner karma samskara (good qualities)", all of whom have the purpose of empowering a human being to discover, recognize and reach union with the Brahma-Atman (his or her Soul, Self, Highest Being). The ultimate purpose is to inculcate virtues, and samskaras are viewed in the Hindu tradition as means – not as ends – towards ripening and perfecting
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#1732851403045756-446: A male fetus, bringing forth a male baby". It is a ritual conducted when the pregnancy begins to show, typically in or after the third month of pregnancy and usually before the fetus starts moving in the womb. The ceremony celebrates the rite of passage of the developing fetus, marking the stage where the baby begins to kick as a milestone in a baby's development. The roots of the pumsavana ritual are found in section 4.3.23 and 4.6.2 of
819-423: A man wishes that a learned son should be born to him, and that he should live his full age, then after having prepared boiled rice with meat and butter, they should both eat, being fit to have offspring. According to Shankaracharya, rather than meat the inner pulp of two fruits is cooked with rice. The different Grhyasutras differ in their point of view, whether the garbhadhana is to be performed only once, before
882-510: A metal jug, he sacrifices the mix into the fire, saying: "May I, as I prosper in this my house, nourish a thousand ! May fortune never fail in its race, with offspring and cattle, Svah ! I offer to thee [the baby] in my mind the vital breaths which are in me, Svah ! Whatever in my work I have done too much, or whatever I have done too little, may the wise Agni make it right, make it proper, Svah !" The Upanishad includes prayer to deity Saraswati during this rite of passage,
945-519: A mountain in the Dolomites in the Veneto region of Italy RITES , an Indian company See also [ edit ] Rite of passage (disambiguation) Ritual (disambiguation) Syriac Rite (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Rite . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
1008-410: A paste of honey, ghee and curd. Sankhyayana Gryhasutra recommends that fish, goat or partridge meat gravy be added to the solid food that baby tastes for the first time, while Manava Gryhasutra is silent about the use of meat. The mother eats with the baby, the same food. The father sits with them and participates in the rite of passage. The rite of passage, in some texts, include charity and feeding of
1071-499: A positive disposition, generosity, and lack of possessiveness . (8.23) A man who has performed the forty sanskaras but lacks these eight virtues does not obtain union with Brahman . (8.24) A man who may have performed only some of the forty sanskaras but possesses these eight virtues, on the other hand, is sure to obtain union with Brahman. (8.25) The Gautama Dharmasutra list the following forty rituals as outer samskaras: To obtain union with Brahman, one must also possess
1134-532: Is a ritual that celebrates as a milestone, the child's formal attempt to learn means of knowledge. This includes steps where the child, helped by the parents and other family members, does one or more of the following: writes letters of the mother-tongue, draws mathematical numbers or shapes, and plays a musical instrument. The oldest texts that describe rites of passage, such as the Dharmasutras, make no mention of Vidyarambha and go direct to Upanayana ritual at
1197-447: Is accompanied by both the mother and the father, siblings if any, as well some nearby loved ones, such as grandparents and friends. The significance of Niskramana and showing the baby heavenly bodies is derived from their significance of Sun, Moon and nature in the Vedic literature. At the time the baby is present before the sunrise or moon, it is the father who holds the baby and recites
1260-687: Is also "preparation, purifying, perfecting" from one's past state to one's future state. The word samskara is rare in the oldest layer of Vedic literature, but its roots sam and kr occur often enough. The word appears in Rig Veda hymns 6.28.4 and 8.33.9, as well as other Vedic texts, where the context suggests it simply means "purify, prepare". It appears in Jaimini Purvamimamsa-sutra (500-200 BCE) many times, where it again means "prepare, perfect, polish" something, either through action, speech or mind. In sections 3.8.3, 9.3.25 and 10.2.49 of
1323-406: Is combined with the rite of passage of Upanayana, initiation to formal schooling. The ritual may include recitation of prayers for the child's long life and happiness. Karnavedha ( IAST : Karṇavedha, Sanskrit: कर्णवेध) literally means "ear-piercing". This is a minor rite of passage that is not mentioned in most Gryha-sutras. Those that mention it state different schedules, with some suggesting
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#17328514030451386-420: Is cut and the nails are trimmed. Sometimes, a tuft of hair is left to cover the soft spot near the top of baby's head. The significance of this rite of passage is the baby's cyclical step to hygiene and cleanliness. The ritual is seen as a passage of purity. It is typically done about the first birthday, but some texts recommend that it be completed before the third or the seventh year. Sometimes, this ritual
1449-571: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Religious rite (disambiguation) (Redirected from Religious rite (disambiguation) ) Rite at Misplaced Pages's sister projects [REDACTED] Definitions from Wiktionary [REDACTED] Media from Commons [REDACTED] Quotations from Wikiquote Rite may refer to: Religion [ edit ] Ritual , an established ceremonious act Rite (Christianity) , sacred rituals in
1512-573: Is in many other books of the Rigveda, such as the hymn 10.85.37. The Atharva Veda, similarly in verse 14.2.2, states a ritual invitation to the wife, by her husband to mount the bed for conception, "being happy in mind, here mount the bed; give birth to children for me, your husband". Later texts, such as the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad , in the last chapter detailing the education of a student, include lessons for his Grihastha stage of life. There,
1575-425: Is marked through Vidyarambha or Upanayana samskara ritual. During a traditional Jātakarman ritual, the father welcomes the baby by touching the baby's lips with honey and ghee (clarified butter), as Vedic hymns are recited. The first significance of the hymns is medhajanana (Sanskrit: मेधाजनन), or to initiate the baby's mind and intellect in the womb of the world, after the baby's body formation has completed in
1638-503: Is on the tenth of the Hindu month Ashvin (September–October). It includes a prayer to goddess Saraswati and deity Ganesh, a teacher is invited or the parents themselves work with the child to write Lipi (letters of the alphabet), draw Samkhya (numbers) or pictures, and sometimes play with an instrument. In modern times, parents mark this rite of passage in the third year of the child. Upanayana ( IAST :Upanayana, Sanskrit: उपनयन) literally means "the act of leading to or near". It
1701-472: The Simantonnayana ritual or in the last months of the pregnancy, the woman is expected to not overexert herself, her husband is expected to be by her and not to travel to distant lands. This rite of passage is regionally called by various names, such as Seemant , Godh bharai , Seemantham or Valaikaapu . Jātakarman literally means "rite of a new-born infant". It is a rite of passage that celebrates
1764-555: The pumsavana ritual is more elaborate, done in the presence of yajna fire and vedic chants, where the husband places a drop of Banyan leaf extract in the wife's right nostril for a son, and her left nostril for a daughter, followed by a feast for all present. The time prescribed for the pumsavana differs in different Grhyasutras, and can be extended up to the eighth month of pregnancy, according to some. Simantonnayana ( IAST : Sīmantonnayana, Sanskrit: सीमन्तोन्नयन), also called Simanta or Simantakarana , literally means "parting
1827-505: The Atharva Veda, wherein charms are recited for a baby boy. The Atharva Veda also contains charms to be recited for the birth of a child of either gender and the prevention of miscarriages, such as in section 4.6.17. The ritual is performed in diverse ways, but all involve the husband serving something to the expectant wife. In one version, she is fed a paste mixture of yoghurt, milk and ghee (clarified butter) by him. In another version,
1890-694: The Christian religion Ritual family , Christian liturgical traditions; often also called liturgical rites Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites , within the Catholic Church Christian liturgy , traditional patterns of worship in Christianity Li (Confucianism) , rites in the Confucian ritual religion Nusach (Jewish custom) , rites of worship in Judaism Rite of passage ,
1953-463: The Gryhasutras, while the preferred names are those affiliated with a deity, virtues, good qualities, lucky stars, constellation, derivatives of the name of the father, or mother, or the place of birth, or beautiful elements of nature (trees, flowers, birds). Nishkramana ( IAST : Niṣkrāmaṇa, Sanskrit: निष्क्रम) literally means "going out, coming forth", is the rite of passage where the parents take
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2016-459: The Jaimini Purvamimamsa-sutra, the word samskara is used to describe actions of "washing the teeth, shaving the head, cutting nails, sprinkling water" as part of a ceremony. Samskara is defined by ancient Indian scholar Shabara as, "that which prepares a certain thing or person fit for a certain purpose". Another ancient text Viramitrodaya defines samskara , notes Kane, as "a peculiar excellence due to performance of certain actions which resides in
2079-629: The Rigveda, where repeated prayers for progeny and prosperity are solemnized, प्रजां च धत्तं द्रविणं च धत्तम् bestow upon us progeny and affluence The Vedic texts have many passages, where the hymn solemnizes the desire for having a child, without specifying the gender of the child. For example, the Rigveda in section 10.184 states, विष्णुर्योनिं कल्पयतु त्वष्टा रूपाणि पिंशतु । आ सिञ्चतु प्रजापतिर्धाता गर्भं दधातु ते ॥१॥ गर्भं धेहि सिनीवालि गर्भं धेहि सरस्वति । गर्भं ते अश्विनौ देवावा धत्तां पुष्करस्रजा ॥२॥ हिरण्ययी अरणी यं निर्मन्थतो अश्विना । तं ते गर्भं हवामहे दशमे मासि सूतवे ॥३॥ May Vishnu construct
2142-437: The baby outside the home and the baby formally meets the world for the first time. It is usually observed during the fourth month after birth. On this ritual occasion the newborn is taken out and shown the sun at sunrise or sunset, or the moon, or both. Alternatively, some families take the baby to a temple for the first time. The rite of passage involves bathing the baby and dressing him or her in new clothes. The baby's outing
2205-403: The birth of the baby. It is the first post-natal rite of passage of the new born baby. It signifies the baby's birth, as well as the bonding of the father with the baby. In Hindu traditions, a human being is born at least twice – one at physical birth through mother's womb, and second at intellectual birth through teacher's care, the first is marked through Jatakarman samskara ritual, the second
2268-426: The couple intend to have a new baby, while a rite of passage of the wife would imply a one time ritual suffices. Pumsavana ( IAST : puṃsavana, Sanskrit: पुंसवन) is a composite word of Pums + savana . Pums as a noun means "a man, a human being, a soul or spirit", while savana means "ceremony, rite, oblation, festival". Pumsavana literally means "rite for a strong or male baby", usually translated as "nurturing
2331-591: The eight virtues (compassion, patience, non-envy, purity of thought speech and body, inner calm and peace, positive attitude, generosity, and lack of possessiveness). There are diverse number of samskaras in Hinduism, varying by texts between 12 and 18 in the Grhyasutras (Kalpa sastras). Of these, 16 are referred to as "Shodasha Samskaras" ( Ṣoḍaśa Saṃskāra ). Garbhadhana ( IAST : Garbhādhāna, Sanskrit: गर्भाधान), also called Garbhalambhanam , literally means attaining
2394-466: The eighth year. The later texts, such as the Samsakara Prakasha , from the first centuries of 1st millennium CE, mention Vidyarambha as a rite of passage in the fifth year of a child's life, suggesting that the process of learning started shifting to an earlier age of a child with time. The ceremony is observed on the same day for all children in their fifth year, on the day of Vijayadasami which
2457-438: The first conception, or every time before the couple plan to have additional children. To answer this question, the medieval era texts of various schools discussed and offered diverse views on whether the ritual is a rite of passage for the baby's anticipation in the womb ( garbha ), or for the wife ( kshetra ). A rite of passage of the baby would imply that Garbhadhana samskara is necessary for each baby and therefore every time
2520-449: The first two weeks of the baby's birth, usually about the tenth day. Namakarana ( IAST : Nāmakaraṇa, Sanskrit: नामकरण) literally means "ceremony of naming a child". This rite of passage is usually done on the eleventh or twelfth day after birth, and sometimes the first new moon or full moon day after the tenth day of birth. On the day of this samskara, the infant is bathed and dressed in new garments. His or her formal name, selected by
2583-574: The goddess of knowledge and wisdom in Hindu tradition. It also includes the threefold repetition of "Speech Speech" with the assertion to the baby, "You are the Vedas! so, live a hundred autumns", into the baby's ear by the father. At the end of the ritual pronouncements by the father, he gives the baby to the mother's breast for feeding. While the earliest Dharmasutras list Jatakarma and Namakarama as two different samskara, they evolve into one in many Gryhasutra texts. By Pantanjali's time, these two rites of passage had merged into one, and completed within
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2646-420: The hair upwards". The significance of the ritual is to wish a healthy development of the baby and safe delivery to the mother. Simantonnayana ritual is described in many Gryhasutra texts, but Kane states that there is great divergence in details, which may be because the rite of passage emerged in more a recent era, before it receded into the background. The texts do not agree on whether this rite of passage
2709-404: The human journey of life. The eight good qualities listed by Gautama Dharmasutra are emphasized as more important than the forty samskara rituals, in verses 8.21-8.25, as follows, [...] (8.14-8.20) These are the forty sanskara (sacramentary rites). (8.21) Next, the eight virtues of the self: (8.22) Compassion towards all creatures, patience, lack of envy, purity , tranquillity, having
2772-551: The individual as well individual's social circle of his or her new role. Sanskāra , in modern usage, is sometimes used to mean "cultural, social or religious heritage". In the context of karma theory, Samskara are dispositions, character or behavioral traits either as default from birth (previous lives in some schools of Hinduism), or Samskara are behavioral traits perfected over time through Yoga , through conscious shaping of inner self, one's desire, sense of moral responsibility and through practice. In some schools of Hinduism,
2835-419: The left nostril may also be pierced during this ritual. The piercing of the earlobes symbolically reminds the child, as he or she grows up, of beauty and social presence, of the importance of hearing and speech in the wisdom of the Vedas. Vidyarambha ( IAST : Vidyāraṃba, Sanskrit: विद्यारम्भ) literally means "beginning of study". It is also known as Akshararambha , Aksharaabhyaasa , or Aksharasvikara . It
2898-593: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rite&oldid=1213695569 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Samskara (rite of passage) Samskara ( IAST : saṃskāra , sometimes spelled samskara ) are sacraments in Hinduism and other Indian religions, described in ancient Sanskrit texts, as well as
2961-690: The list of 40 samskaras in the Gautama Dharmasutra from about the middle of the 1st millennium BCE, to 16 samskaras in the Grhyasutra texts from centuries later. The list of samskaras in Hinduism include both external rituals such as those marking a baby's birth and a baby's name giving ceremony, as well as inner rites of resolutions and ethics such as compassion towards all living beings and positive attitude. Saṃskāra (Sanskrit: संस्कार) has various context-driven meanings, that broadly refer to "the putting together, accomplishing well, making perfect,
3024-550: The numerous Dharmasutras and Grhyasutras from the 1st millennium BCE. Many of these rites of passage include formal ceremonies, with ritual readings of hymns, chants and ethical promises, aiming to orient the individual(s) to that which is considered part of dharma (right, good, just, moral, true, spiritual, responsible, duties to family members or society in general), and essential actions such as those associated with last rites and cremation, charitable works, or out of sraddha or items of faith. Gautama Dharmasutra enumerates
3087-406: The parents, is announced. The naming ritual solemnizes the child as an individual, marking the process by which a child is accepted and socialized by people around him or her. The Satapatha Brahmana verse 6.1.3.9 asserts that the naming ceremony is a cleansing ceremony for the baby. The rite of passage also includes a gathering of friends and relatives of the new parents, where gifts are presented, and
3150-412: The poor, and ceremonial prayers by both parents. Chudakarana ( IAST : Cūḍākaraṇa, Sanskrit: चूडाकरण) (literally, rite of tonsure), also known as choulam , caula , chudakarma , mundana or "mundan sanskar" is the rite of passage that marks the child's first haircut, typically the shaving of the head. The mother dresses up, sometimes in her wedding sari , and with the father present, the baby's hair
3213-487: The psyche of an individual. These influences determine how the individual acts, perceives themselves, and responds to or accepts karmic circumstances and the future. Samskaras in Hinduism are sacraments that begin with one's birth, celebrate certain early steps in a baby's growth and his or her welcome into the world in the presence of friends and family, then various stages of life such as first learning day, graduation from school, wedding and honeymoon, pregnancy, raising
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#17328514030453276-698: The psychological concept of samskara is also known as vāsanā . These are viewed as traces or temperament that evolves through the refinement of an individual inner consciousness and expressed personality, and is a form of "being-preparedness" in Vedantic psychology. In Samkhya and Yoga schools, samskara – also spelled as Samksara – are impressions or residues that affect an individual's Gunas (behavior attributes). In Nyaya school of Hinduism, not all Samskara are psychological. In these schools of Hinduism, rites of passage, other actions, studies, diligent preparation and inner resolutions trigger impressions or dispositions in
3339-433: The rite of passage marks the first time a baby eats solid food, typically containing cooked rice. Most Gryhasutras recommend this ritual in the sixth month, or when the child shows the first teeth, with slow weaning of the baby from breast feeding to other sources of food. Some texts recommend continued breast feeding of the child, as the child adapts to the various foods. The ritual is usually celebrated with cooked rice, in
3402-432: The ritual within the first four weeks after birth, others suggesting within the first year. The purpose of this optional ritual is primarily an ornamentation of the body, and it is part of the baby's socialization process and culture emersion. The piercing is usually done with a clean gold thread, or silver needle. For a baby boy, the right earlobe is pierced first. For a baby girl, the left earlobe is. In case of girls,
3465-427: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Religious right . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religious_right&oldid=1252580031 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
3528-402: The soul or the body of the actor". samskara in Hindu traditions, states Kane, have been ceremonies, expressing outward symbols or signs of inner change, marking life events of significance. They served a spiritual, cultural and psychological purpose, welcoming an individual into a stage of life, conferring privileges to the individual(s), expecting duties from the individual, and impressing on
3591-440: The student is taught, that as a husband, he should cook rice for the wife, and they together eat the food in certain way depending on whether they wish for the birth of a daughter or a son, as follows, And if a man wishes that a learned daughter should be born to him, and that she should live to her full age, then after having prepared boiled rice with sesamum and butter, they should both eat, being fit to have offspring. And if
3654-492: The subconscious according to various schools of Hindu philosophy such as the Yoga school . These perfected or default imprints of karma within a person, influences that person's nature, response and states of mind. In another context, Samskara refers to the diverse sacraments in Hinduism , Jainism , Buddhism and Sikhism . In Hinduism, the samskaras vary in number and details according to regional traditions. They range from
3717-409: The wealth of the womb. It is a private rite of passage, marking the intent of a couple to have a child. It is a ceremony performed before conception and impregnation. In some ancient texts, the word simply refers to the rite of passage where the couple have sex to have a child, and no ceremonies are mentioned. Scholars trace this rite to Vedic hymns, such as those in sections 8.35.10 through 8.35.12 of
3780-431: The womb of the mother. The second part of the hymns wish the baby a long life. The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, in the last chapter detailing lessons for Grihastha stage of life for a student, describes this rite of passage, in verses 6.4.24 to 6.4.27, as follows, When a child is born, he prepares the fire, places the child on his lap, and having poured Prishadajya of Dahi (yoghurt) and Ghrita (clarified butter), into
3843-491: The womb, may Twashtri fabricate the member, may Prajapati sprinkle the seed, may Dhatri cherish thy embryo; Sustain the embryo Sinivali, sustain the embryo Saraswati , may the divine Aswins, garlanded with lotuses, sustain thy embryo; We invoke thy embryo which the Aswins have churned with the golden pieces of Arani (firewood), that thou mayest bring it forth in the tenth month. The desire for progeny, without mentioning gender,
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#17328514030453906-427: Was the husband and wife getting together, with friends and family, then he parts her hair upwards at least three times. In modern times, the "parting hair" rite of passage is rarely observed, and when observed it is called Atha-gulem and done in the 8th month, with flowers and fruits, to cheer the woman in the late stages of her pregnancy. The ritual has more commonly evolved into a ritual that shares characteristics of
3969-402: Was to be celebrated before or after pumsavana , early or late stage of pregnancy, or the nature of ritual celebrations. The texts also disagree whether Simantonnayana was a rite of passage of the baby or of the pregnant woman, the former implying it must be repeated for every baby while the latter implying it was to be observed once for the woman with her first pregnancy. The common element
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