Rav (or Rab , Modern Hebrew : רב ) is the Hebrew generic term for a person who teaches Torah or is a Jewish spiritual guide or a rabbi . For example, Pirkei Avot (in the Talmud ) states (1:6) that:
22-397: (..) Joshua ben Perachiah says, "Set up a teacher [ RaB ] for yourself. And get yourself a friend [HaBeR]. And give everybody the benefit of the doubt." The term rav is also Hebrew for rabbi . (For a more nuanced discussion, see semicha .) The term is frequently used by Orthodox Jews to refer to their own rabbi. In contemporary Judaism, as the term rabbi has become commonplace,
44-488: A kamatz , the term can refer to, among others: When Orthodox Jews say "The Rav said..." within a synagogue, it is fairly likely that they're referring to the rabbi of the synagogue. The title Rav HaTzair (or Rav HaTza'ir ) refers to an assistant rabbi. Tzair means young, in Hebrew, and the prefix Ha means "the"; therefore, the combination can be used to mean the younger of a pair: Rav HaTzair , in context, can refer to
66-565: A career. In some cases, rav thus refers to full-time scholars of Torah who do not receive compensation. In the Talmud , the title Rav generally precedes the names of Babylonian Amoraim ; Rabbi generally precedes the names of ordained scholars in the Land of Israel whether Tannaim or Amoraim. In the Talmud, Rav or Rab (used alone) is a common name for the first Amora, Abba Arika , who established
88-675: Is also the teacher of Yeshu (in uncensored manuscripts of the Talmud), where he and Yeshu flee to Egypt. In other manuscripts his student is Judah ben Tabbai . The account as it appears in the Talmud is as follows: The Gemara returns to the incident in which Yehoshua ben Peraḥya turned away Jesus the Nazarene: What is this incident? When King Yannai was killing the Sages, Shimon ben Shataḥ was hidden by his sister, Yannai’s wife, while Rabbi Yehoshua ben Peraḥya went and fled to Alexandria of Egypt. When peace
110-511: The Rebbe but the highest Dayan— a rabbinical court justice — of the group. Nachmanides will sometimes refer to Maimonides as HaRav , "The Rav". From the 16th century and onwards, Rav' or the Rav generally referred to Rabbi Obadiah ben Abraham , a.k.a. haRav miBartenura (the Rav from Bartenura). Rabbi Obadiah miBartenura becomes the Hebrew acronym R abbi `O badiah of B artenura (רע"ב), but
132-572: The Sura Academy and, using the Mishnah as text, laid the foundation for the Talmud's compilation. In some Hasidic groups, the Rebbe is also referred to as a Rav. In other circles, the Rav is distinct from the Rebbe but the highest Dayan— a rabbinical court justice — of the group. Nachmanides will sometimes refer to Maimonides as HaRav , "The Rav". From the 16th century and onwards, Rav' or
154-723: The Pharisees again triumphed over the Sadducees. The following ethical maxim found in the Ethics of the Fathers shows his gentle judgment of his fellow men and his eagerness to spread knowledge among the people: Joshua ben Perahiah and Nittai the Arbelite received [the Torah] from them. Joshua ben Perahiah says, "Set up a teacher [ rav ] for yourself. And get yourself a companion-disciple. And give everybody
176-501: The Rav even outside of their personal followings. Note that when the word is pronounced using a patakh , the meaning is almost universally rabbi Obadiah ben Abraham of Bartenura. When using a kamatz , the term can refer to, among others: When Orthodox Jews say "The Rav said..." within a synagogue, it is fairly likely that they're referring to the rabbi of the synagogue. The title Rav HaTzair (or Rav HaTza'ir ) refers to an assistant rabbi. Tzair means young, in Hebrew, and
198-421: The Rav generally referred to Rabbi Obadiah ben Abraham , a.k.a. haRav miBartenura (the Rav from Bartenura). Rabbi Obadiah miBartenura becomes the Hebrew acronym R abbi `O badiah of B artenura (רע"ב), but the ע is often removed from the spelling because רעב is the Hebrew word for famine. As such Rabbi Obadiah is often cited as "the רב." More recently, as a sign of great respect, some rabbis are simply called
220-468: The Yeshu mentioned as Joshua's pupil to be Jesus. Rav Rav (or Rab , Modern Hebrew : רב ) is the Hebrew generic term for a person who teaches Torah or is a Jewish spiritual guide or a rabbi . For example, Pirkei Avot (in the Talmud ) states (1:6) that: (..) Joshua ben Perachiah says, "Set up a teacher [ RaB ] for yourself. And get yourself a friend [HaBeR]. And give everybody
242-451: The benefit of the doubt." The term rav is also Hebrew for rabbi . (For a more nuanced discussion, see semicha .) The term is frequently used by Orthodox Jews to refer to their own rabbi. In contemporary Judaism, as the term rabbi has become commonplace, the term rav has come to apply to rabbis with levels of knowledge, experience, and wisdom in excess of those found among the majority of rabbis who serve Jewish congregations as
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#1732852438572264-477: The benefit of the doubt." Only a single halakhah of Joshua's has been preserved: he objected to the import of wheat from Alexandria as impure because, with no rain falling on it, it was watered by still water in conflict with Leviticus 11:38 . In other traditions he was known in Jewish magical papyri as an exorcist, and his name was used in incantations inscribed on magical bowls . In another tradition he
286-566: The masses to sin is not given the opportunity to repent. The Gemara explains how he caused the masses to sin: For the Master said: Jesus the Nazarene performed sorcery, and he incited the masses, and subverted the masses, and caused the Jewish people to sin. It is taught in a baraita that Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar says: With regard to the evil inclination, to a child, and to a woman, the left hand should reject and
308-415: The names of ordained scholars in the Land of Israel whether Tannaim or Amoraim. In the Talmud, Rav or Rab (used alone) is a common name for the first Amora, Abba Arika , who established the Sura Academy and, using the Mishnah as text, laid the foundation for the Talmud's compilation. In some Hasidic groups, the Rebbe is also referred to as a Rav. In other circles, the Rav is distinct from
330-471: The right hand should welcome. If one pushes too forcefully, the damage might be irreversible. Dunn (1992) considers this to be a story of Jesus from the late Amoraic period, which contains old polemical elements that were already current in New Testament times. His story is parallel to that of Elisha and Gehazi . However: Gustaf Dalman , Joachim Jeremias (1935, 1960), and others do not consider
352-402: The term rav has come to apply to rabbis with levels of knowledge, experience, and wisdom in excess of those found among the majority of rabbis who serve Jewish congregations as a career. In some cases, rav thus refers to full-time scholars of Torah who do not receive compensation. In the Talmud , the title Rav generally precedes the names of Babylonian Amoraim ; Rabbi generally precedes
374-563: The time of the persecution of the Pharisees by John Hyrcanus (c. 134-104 BC), Joshua was deposed — a disgrace to which his words in Menachot 109b allude. However, in Sanhedrin 107b and Sotah 47a, it was during the persecutions of Pharisees 88-76 BC by Alexander Jannaeus , not John Hyrcanus whose persecution he fled. He fled to Alexandria , but returned to Jerusalem when the persecutions ceased and
396-484: The younger of a pair of rabbis, or Junior Rav. Joshua ben Perachiah Joshua ben Perahiah or Joshua ben Perachya ( Hebrew : יהושע בן פרחיה , romanized : Yehoshuaʿ ben Peraḥyā ) was nasi of the Sanhedrin in the latter half of the 2nd century BCE. He and his colleague Nittai of Arbela were the second of the five pairs ( Zugot ) of scholars who received and transmitted Jewish tradition. At
418-407: The ע is often removed from the spelling because רעב is the Hebrew word for famine. As such Rabbi Obadiah is often cited as "the רב." More recently, as a sign of great respect, some rabbis are simply called the Rav even outside of their personal followings. Note that when the word is pronounced using a patakh , the meaning is almost universally rabbi Obadiah ben Abraham of Bartenura. When using
440-533: Was made between Yannai and the Sages, Shimon ben Shataḥ sent him the following letter: From myself, Jerusalem the holy city, to you, Alexandria of Egypt. My sister, my husband dwells within you, and I am sitting desolate. Rabbi Yehoshua ben Peraḥya said: I can learn from it that there is peace, and I can return. When he came back to Eretz Yisrael, Rabbi Yehoshua arrived at a certain inn. The innkeeper stood before him, honoring him considerably, and overall they accorded him great honor. Rabbi Yehoshua ben Peraḥya then sat and
462-462: Was praising them by saying: How beautiful is this inn. Jesus the Nazarene, one of his students, said to him: My teacher, but the eyes of the innkeeper’s wife are narrow [terutot]. Rabbi Yehoshua ben Peraḥya said to him: Wicked one, is this what you are engaged in, gazing at women? He brought out four hundred shofarot and excommunicated him. Every day Jesus would come before him, but he would not accept his wish to return. One day, Rabbi Yehoshua ben Peraḥya
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#1732852438572484-406: Was reciting Shema when Jesus came before him. He intended to accept him on this occasion, so he signaled to him with his hand to wait. Jesus thought he was rejecting him entirely. He therefore went and stood up a brick and worshipped it as an idol. Rabbi Yehoshua ben Peraḥya said to him: Return from your sins. Jesus said to him: This is the tradition that I received from you: Anyone who sins and causes
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