97-659: Rajwada , also known as the Holkar Palace or Old Palace , is a historical palace in Indore that was constructed by the Holkars of the Maratha empire around 2 centuries ago. An example of the architecture of the time, the palace is a 7 story structure that is placed near the Holkar Chhatris . The structure has gained the attention of tourists due to its size and age. The construction of
194-733: A kumbha (pitcher) while being carried by the celestial bird Garuda during the Samudra Manthana , or the churning of the ocean of milk. Ujjain has been selected as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under Prime Minister Narendra Modi 's flagship Smart Cities Mission . Excavations at Kayatha (around 26 km from Ujjain) have revealed Chalcolithic agricultural settlements dating to around 2000 BCE. Chalcolithic sites have also been discovered at other areas around Ujjain, including Nagda , but excavations at Ujjain itself have not revealed any Chalcolithic settlements. Archaeologist H. D. Sankalia theorised that
291-416: A biennial global investors' summit, which attracts investors from several countries. Major industrial areas surrounding the city include: Pithampur (phases I, II and III alone host 1,500 large, medium and small industrial set-ups ), Indore Special Economic Zone (around 3,000 acres/ 4.7 square miles/ 1,214 hectares ), Industrial Area at Dewas I, II & III (around 745 acres/ 1.15 square miles/ 300 hectares)
388-589: A blend of Maharashtrian, Malwi, Rajasthani and Gujarati influence. The street food of the city is especially popular. Two of the most noteworthy street food places in Indore are Chappan Dukan and Sarafa Bazaar . As part of the Smart City project, the Chappan Dukan area has been developed as a smart food street. The cost of this project is ₹ 40 million and has been implemented in a 45-day period. Sarafa Bazaar, which
485-442: A day, of which 650 MT is wet waste and 465 MT is dry waste . The municipality has 100% door to door collection and segregation. The city has a Centralized Processing Unit situated at Devguradia, Nemawar Road over an area of 146 acres . Waste collected at the garbage transfer stations in city is weighed, compressed and moved to this site for final processing. Indore also set up a Plastic Collection Centre (PCC) to reuse and recycle
582-533: A division of the Madhya Pradesh Police , is under the direct control of Department of Home Affairs. The government of Madhya Pradesh is the law enforcement agency in Indore. Indore district is divided into 39 police stations and seven police outposts. In 2012, it was reported that the Police Commissionerate system would be implemented in Indore, but this did not pan out because of tussle between
679-463: A period of five years to purify the air in the city. Gupta inscriptions name Indore as "Indrapura". It is believed that the city is named after its Indreshwar Mahadev Temple, where Indra is the presiding deity. It is believed that Indra himself did Tapasya (meditation) in this place and led sage Swami Indrapuri to establish the temple. Later, Tukoji Rao Holkar who belonged to the Holkar clan of
776-450: A report from August 2018, Indore achieved 100% treatment of the faecal matter generated in the city. The city has 3 sewage treatment plants (STPs), which includes a Sequencing Batch Reactors with a capacity of 245 MLD, the largest in the world, as well as a 78 MLD and 12 MLD Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket reactor at Kabitkhedi and a third with a capacity of 122 MLD. As of 2019, Indore generates over 1,115 metric tons (MT) of garbage
873-645: Is Anil Firojiya ( BJP ) after the Lok Sabha Election of 2019. Govt. Medical College Amaltas Medical College Major industrial areas surrounding Ujjain are ' Dewas Road Industrial Area', 'Maxi Road Industrial Area' Vikram Udhogpuri, and 'Tajpur Industrial Area'. Indore and Dewas are the cities where majority of the industries are present. Both Indore and Dewas are in close proximity to Ujjain, providing employment to people in Ujjain and nearby areas. The Government of Madhya Pradesh has allotted 1,200 acres for
970-509: Is India's only night street-food market, attracts large crowds from the city and tourists from various places. Indore is also notable for its wide variety of namkeen s or savoury items and has many popular namkeen stores across the city. Most popular food items of Indore include poha, kachori, samosa, jalebi, gulab jamun, rabdi, gajak, imarti, bhel, pani puri, hot dog, egg banjo, moong bhajiya, moong daal halwa, dahi wada, sabudana khichdi, sabudana wada, dhokla , jeeravan, and sev. The city
1067-658: Is accompanied with frequent downpours. This wet phase is followed by dry phase which results in humid weather with high temperatures. Temperatures rise again up to early November when winter starts, which lasts up to early March. Winters are cool, dry and sunny with occasional cold snaps during which temperature may drop to close to freezing (0° to 3 °C). Otherwise temperatures are very much comfortable, with average daily temperatures around 16 °C (61 °F). Ujjain has been ranked 26th best “National Clean Air City” under (Category 2 3-10L Population cities) in India. According to
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#17328477757821164-489: Is also a seat for one of the two permanent benches of Madhya Pradesh High Court with Gwalior , the city, its agglomerates, and other 12 districts of western Madhya Pradesh falls under the jurisdiction of Indore High Court . Most of the regions surrounding the city are administered by the Indore Development Authority (IDA). IDA works as an apex body for planning and co-ordination of development activities in
1261-579: Is debatably the most vegetarian city in India; nearly 49% of population is vegetarian at some level. [1] Archived 28 May 2022 at the Wayback Machine Ujjain Ujjain ( / uː ˈ dʒ eɪ n / , Hindi: [ʊd͡ːʒɛːn] , old name Avantika, Hindi: [əʋən̪t̪ɪkaː] ) or Ujjayinī is a city in Ujjain district of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh . It
1358-589: Is distributed over a land area of just 530 square kilometres (200 sq mi), making Indore the most densely populated major city in the central province. Modern-day Indore traces its roots to its 16th-century founding as a trading hub between the Deccan and Delhi . It was founded on the banks of the Kanh and Saraswati rivers. The city came under the Maratha Empire , on 18 May 1724, after Peshwa Baji Rao I assumed
1455-720: Is in the close proximity to Indore (around 35 km), on NH-3 section between Agra- Bombay Road. Sanwer industrial belt (1,000 acres/ 1.6 square miles/ 405 hectares ), Laxmibainagar Industrial Area, Rau Industrial Area, Bhagirathpura Industrial Area, Kali Billod Industrial Area, Ranmal Billod Industrial Area, Shivajinagar Bhindikho Industrial Area, Hatod Industrial Area. The city also has IT Parks, Crystal IT Park (550,000 square feet), Pardeshipura IT Park (100,000 square feet ), Electronic Complex, and Individual Special Economic Zones (SEZs) such as TCS SEZ, Infosys SEZ, Impetus SEZ, Diamond Park, Gems and Jewelry Park, Food Park, Apparel Park, Namkeen Cluster and Pharma Cluster. Pithampur near Indore
1552-635: Is known as the Detroit of Madhya Pradesh. Madhya Pradesh Stock Exchange (MPSE) was set up in 1919. It is the only stock exchange in Central India and the third oldest stock exchange in India. It is located in Indore. The National Stock Exchange (NSE) has established an Investor Service Center in the city. TCS has officially started an offshore development center in Indore with a total campus area of around 1.5 million square feet. Collabera has also announced plans to open campuses in Indore. Infosys
1649-587: Is one of the most popular sports in the city. Ujjain is also home to the Ujjain Divisional Cricket Association which is affiliated to BCCI . The city does not have any big stadium, but hosted Ranji Trophy matches at Pipe Factory Ground in 1977 and 1980. Kite flying is another popular activity in the city around Makar Sakranti . Ujjain city was shortlisted under the Government of India's flagship programme Smart Cities Mission . Under
1746-413: Is rectangular with cylindrical bastions at the four corners. It was originally constructed in 1766, and the southern part was later rebuilt in the years 1811–1833 after being damaged by fire. The front bay has forecourt assessed by a large fenestration in the front façade. The Rajwada building is now state property under Archeology, which granted special permission for restoring the old wada (residence) after
1843-662: Is represented in the parliament through the Indore Lok Sabha constituency , which covers most of the district. In May 2019, Shankar Lalwani of Bharatiya Janata Party , who is also the chairman of the Indore Development Authority, had been elected as the Member of Parliament from Indore. As per delimitation from 2008 , Indore city is represented in the state assembly constituency through 5 Constituencies, election for which last took place in 2018: The Indore Police ,
1940-550: Is setting up a new development center at Indore at an investment of Rs. 1 billion in Phase I at Super Corridor. Infosys demanded an area of 130 acres (53 hectares) to open its new facility in Indore which will employ about 13,000 people. The government of MP has done the land allotment. Impetus, headquartered in Los Gatos, California, USA , with multiple offshore offices in Indore, has started operations at its 25-acre land, procured from
2037-583: Is the fifth-largest city in Madhya Pradesh by population and is the administrative centre of Ujjain district and Ujjain division . It is one of the Hindu pilgrimage centres of Sapta Puri famous for the Kumbh Mela (Simhastha) held there every 12 years. The famous temple of Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga is located in the center of the city. The city has been one of the most prominent trade and political centres of
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#17328477757822134-656: Is the largest and most populous city in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh . It is the commercial hub of Madhya Pradesh. It is consistently ranked as the cleanest city in India. It serves as the headquarters of both the Indore District and the Indore Division . It is also considered the state education hub and houses campuses of both the Indian Institute of Technology and the Indian Institute of Management . Located on
2231-474: Is the most populous city in Madhya Pradesh. It is also the largest metropolitan city in Central India. According to the 2011 census of India, the population of Indore city (the area under the municipal corporation and outgrowths) was 1,994,397. The population of the Indore metropolis ( urban agglomeration that includes neighbouring areas) was 2,170,295. In 2011, the city had a population density of 25,170 people per square mile (9,718 per square km), rendering it
2328-624: Is the urban planning agency serving Ujjain. Its headquarters are located in the Bharatpuri area of Ujjain. It was established under the Madhya Pradesh Town and Country Planning Act, 1973. Ujjain Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 29 Lok Sabha constituencies in Madhya Pradesh state in central India. This constituency came into existence in 1951 as one of the 9 Lok Sabha constituencies in
2425-690: The Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire . It was used as an important military headquarters. During the 18th century, the city briefly became the capital of Scindia state of the Maratha Empire , when Ranoji Scindia established his capital at Ujjain in 1731. Mahadji Scindia constructed a grand palace with a hundred rooms around which the Maratha sardars constructed their own mansions. Ruined and destroyed temples were restored and newer ones were built. But his successors moved to Gwalior , where they ruled
2522-633: The Delhi Sultanate plundered the city. With the decline of the Paramara kingdom, Ujjain ultimately came under Islamic rule, like other parts of north-central India. The city continued to be an important city of central India. As late as the time of the Mughal vassal Jai Singh II (1688-1743), who constructed a Jantar Mantar in the city, Ujjain was the largest city and capital of the Malwa Subah . The city continued to be developed during Muslim rule, especially under
2619-639: The Gwalior State in the latter half of the 18th century. The struggle of supremacy between the Holkars of Indore and Scindias (who ruled Ujjain) led to rivalry between the merchants of the two cities. On 18 July 1801, the Holkars defeated the Scindias at the Battle of Ujjain . On 1 September, Yashwantrao Holkar entered the city, and demanded a sum of 15 lakh rupees from the city. He received only 1/8th of this amount;
2716-527: The Holkars were defeated by the British during the Third Anglo-Maratha War , in the Battle of Mahidpur by which the capital was again moved from Maheshwar to Indore. A residency with British residents was established at Indore, but Holkars continued to rule Indore State as a princely state mainly due to efforts of their Dewan Tatya Jog. During that time, Indore has established the headquarters of
2813-620: The Indian Subcontinent from the time of the ancient Mahājanapadas until the British colonisation of India. An ancient city situated on the eastern bank of the Shipra River , Ujjain was the most prominent city on the Malwa plateau of central India for much of its history. It emerged as the political centre of central India around 600 BCE. It was the capital of the ancient Avanti kingdom, one of
2910-524: The Peshwa Baji Rao I . The pargana was formally granted to Malhar Rao Holkar by merging 28 and one-half Pargana by the Peshwa in 1733. The pargana headquarters were transferred back to Kampel during his reign. After his death, his daughter-in-law Ahilyabai Holkar moved the headquarters to Indore in 1766. The tehsil of Kampel was converted into Indore tehsil by a change in the name. Ahilyabai Holkar moved
3007-604: The Vindhya mountain ranges. Located on the Malwa plateau, it is higher than the north Indian plains and the land rises towards the Vindhya Range to the south. Ujjain's coordinates are 23°10′N 75°46′E / 23.167°N 75.767°E / 23.167; 75.767 with an average elevation of 494 m (1620 ft). The region is an extension of the Deccan Traps , formed between 60 and 68 million years ago at
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3104-566: The humid subtropical climate ( Köppen Cwa ). Summers usually starts by the middle of March which lasts up until late June. During which temperatures normally reaches up to 45 °C, with average maximum peaking in May with 41 °C. Monsoon starts in late June and ends in late September. These months see about 36 inches (914 mm) of precipitation, frequent thunderstorms and flooding. This season usually features wet phase of comfortable with average temperatures around 24 °C (76 °F) but this
3201-529: The 100 Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under the Smart Cities Mission . It also qualified in the first round of Smart Cities Mission and was selected as one of the first twenty cities to be developed as Smart Cities. Indore has been part of the Swachh Survekshan since its inception and had ranked 25th in 2016. It has been ranked as India's cleanest city seven years in a row as per
3298-453: The 2011 census, Ujjain had a population of 515,215, comprising 265,291 males and 249,924 females, giving a sex ratio of 942 per 1000. The overall literacy rate was 85.55%, with male literacy at 91.16% and female literacy at 79.62%. Languages of Ujjain (2011) Hindi is the most-spoken language. Being the heartland of the Malwa region, Malvi is also widely spoken. Most of the regions surrounding
3395-552: The 6th and 4th centuries BCE. Dieter Schlingloff believes that these were built before 600 BCE. This period is characterised by structures made of stone and burnt-brick, tools and weapons made of iron, and black and red burnished ware. According to the Puranic texts , a branch of the legendary Haihaya dynasty ruled over Ujjain. In the 4th century BCE, the Mauryan emperor Chandragupta annexed Avanti to his empire. Mauryan founded
3492-535: The British Central Agency. Ujjain was originally the commercial centre of Malwa. But the British administrators such as John Malcolm decided to promote Indore as an alternative to Ujjain because the merchants of Ujjain had supported anti-British elements. In 1906 electric supply was started in the city, the fire brigade was established in 1909, and 1918, the first master-plan of the city was made by noted architect and town planner, Patrick Geddes . During
3589-545: The Chalcolithic settlements at Ujjain were probably destroyed by the Iron Age settlers. According to Hermann Kulke and Dietmar Rothermund , Avanti , whose capital was Ujjain, "was one of the earliest outposts in central India" and showed signs of early incipient urbanisation around 700 BCE. Around 600 BCE, Ujjain emerged as the political, Commercial, and cultural centre of Malwa plateau. The ancient walled city of Ujjain
3686-556: The City of Ujjain. The edicts of his grandson Ashoka mention four provinces of the Mauryan empire, of which Ujjain was the capital of the Western province. During the reign of his father Bindusara , Ashoka served as the viceroy of Ujjain, which highlights the importance of the town. As the viceroy of Ujjain, Ashoka married Devi, the daughter of a merchant from Vedisagiri ( Vidisha ). According to
3783-711: The Deccan, starting from Mathura. It also emerged as an important center for intellectual learning among Jain , Buddhist, and Hindu traditions. In the Post-Mauryan period, the Sungas and the Satavahanas ruled the city consecutively. The Satavahanas and the Ror Sakas , known as Western Satraps , contested for control of the city for a period. Following the end of the Satavahana dynasty,
3880-505: The IAS and IPS officers in the state. The bill was proposed again in 2018 and has been criticised by NewsClick. The system has not been implemented as of 2020, although there has been talk of it. As of 4 September 2013, the Divisional commissioner is Dr Pawan Kumar Sharma. In Feb 2020, the new Director General of Police became Vivek Johri while SSP Indore is Harinarayan Chari Mishra. Indore
3977-585: The Indian Union. On 1 November 1956, when Madhya Bharat was merged into Madhya Pradesh , Indore became part of the newly formed state. Indore a city today of nearly 4.5 million (2018) residents, has been transformed from a traditional commercial urban centre into the modern dynamic commercial capital of the state. Indore lies on a borderline between a tropical savanna climate ( Aw ) and a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen climate classification Cwa ). Because of its high elevation and inland location even during
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4074-576: The Indore Metropolitan Region (IMR) comprising Indore and its agglomeration covering an area of 398.72 km (153.95 sq mi). Primarily, IDA develops new residential areas. During the early stage of development of such areas, the IDA is responsible for developing basic infrastructure. Once a sizeable number of plots are sold, the area is formally transferred to the IMC, which is then responsible for
4171-561: The Marathas and was the feudatory of Indore, renovated the temple. Gupta Empire inscription mentions Indore as city/town of Indrapura in Gupta Indore Copper plate inscription dated 146 Gupta era or 465 CE. These are also some of the earliest mentions of Indore where the city is mentioned as 'Indrapura'. Indrapura (modern day Indore) was then known for its sun temple, where in 464–65 CE, Gupta king Skandagupta had made an endowment for
4268-474: The Marathas. Jai Singh II , the Mughal Governor of Malwa, reached Kampel on 8 May 1715, and defeated the Marathas in a battle near the village. The Marathas came back in early 1716, and raided Kampel in 1717. In March 1718, the Marathas, led by Santaji Bhonsale , invaded Malwa again, but were unsuccessful this time. By 1720, the headquarters of the local pargana were transferred from Kampel to Indore, due to
4365-720: The Rors retained Ujjain from the second to the twelfth century C.E. After the Mauryans, Ujjain was controlled by a number of empires and dynasties, including local dynasties, the Shungas , the Western Satraps , the Satavahanas , and the Guptas . Ujjain remained as an important city of the Guptas during the 4th and the 5th centuries. Kalidasa , the great Indian classical poet of the 5th century who lived in
4462-478: The Royal Palace. Later, she was trained in statecraft and accompanied the army to war on many occasions. At that time the Maratha Empire (which was founded by Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhonsale ) was at the apex of its power. There were frequent battles and skirmishes, both against foreigners as well as internal feuds. In one such battle in 1754, Ahalyabai's husband was killed. Her aged father-in-law ( Malhar Rao )
4559-586: The SEZ. Besides these, there are several small and medium-sized software development firms in Indore. Webgility, a San Francisco-based ecommerce company that has had a presence in Indore since 2007, opened a 16,000 square-foot campus at NRK Business Park in 2017. Accenture has also opened the office in Vijay Nagar area. Nagarro and Persistent Systems also had the presence in Indore. Pinnacle Industries has an EV manufacturing unit at Indore. Indore's culinary culture has
4656-490: The Sinhalese Buddhist tradition, their children, Mahendra and Sanghamitra , who preached Buddhism in modern Sri Lanka, were born in Ujjain. From the Mauryan period, Northern Black Polished Ware , copper coins, terracotta ring wells, and ivory seals with Brahmi text have been excavated at Ujjain. Ujjain emerged as an important commercial centre, partially because it lay on the trade route connecting north India to
4753-434: The Swachh Survekshan for the years 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 and 2023. Meanwhile, Indore has also been declared as India's first 'water plus' city under the Swachhta Survekshan 2021. Indore became the only Indian city to be selected for International Clean Air Catalyst Programme. The project, with cooperation of the Indore Municipal Corporation and the Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board, will be operated for
4850-424: The area. The Peshwa returned to the Deccan , but left Malhar Rao Holkar at Indore to oversee the chauth collection. The Marathas maintained friendly relations with Nandlal Chaudhary, who held influence over the local Sardars (chiefs). In 1728, they defeated the Mughals decisively in the battle of Amjhera , and consolidated their authority in the area over the next few years. On 3 October 1730, Malhar Rao Holkar
4947-406: The central government sanctioned 70 crores under the AMRUT scheme to overhaul the water facilities. Indore used to receive 350 MLD of water from Jalud pumping station on Narmada river; while in 2019 the quantity reduced by 100 MLD, as of 2020 it has regained its capacity. The municipality supplies around 450 MLD water through piped connections to parts of the town on alternate days, other parts of
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#17328477757825044-412: The city (out of a total 10,000 in the state). Indore has a city government, or municipality , with a mayor-council form of government. In 1870, the first municipality was constituted in Indore. Bakshi Khuman Singh( Commander In Chief) of Holkar State Army was appointed as chairman. Indore municipality became the first city to have an elected municipal government responsible for the welfare and growth of
5141-449: The city and the other in an older section. Both parts utilize Maratha architectural styles. The entrance itself is marked with a large wooden door, supported by iron studs. Inside the entryway, there is a courtyard that consists of a Maratha arched Ganesha hall and a number of balconies, windows, and corridors that link to galleried rooms. The lower three floors are made of stone and the upper floors are made of wood. The existing building
5238-463: The city are administered by the Ujjain Municipal Corporation (UMC). The city is administered by a Divisional Commissioner and a Collectorate Office as well as the Mayor. They are responsible for the town and Country Planning Department, Forest Department, Public Health Engineering, Public Works Department and MP Electricity Board. Ujjain has been a metropolitan municipality with a mayor-council form of government. The Ujjain Municipal Corporation (UMC)
5335-423: The city are: Ujjain depends on an extensive network of auto rickshaws, city busses, private taxis and Tata Magic, that operate throughout the city, connecting one part with another. UMC has recently introduced city buses with a public private partnership project as the city was identified urban agglomerations with less than 1 million population under the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission . Cricket
5432-417: The city government is headed by the Mayor and the incumbent Mayor is Pushya Mitra Bhargava. As per a report from the Free Press Journal , Indore was notified in 2018 for not having constituted ward committees. The executive wing is headed by Pratibha Pal, the municipal commissioner of Indore, who is also the first female commissioner of the city. On 8 May 2020, the budget for of ₹ 4,763 crore for 2020–21
5529-499: The city have shortage of water. The urban poor and unauthorised slum area face a massive shortage of water, and need to purchases private water in drums, or need to have to access private tubewells. A joint study done by UN Habitat , IMC and WaterAid mapping poverty surveyed 176545 households (approximately 1/3rd of the households in the city), and found that 72% of the households did not have access to piped water supply. As of 2012, Indore generated nearly 240 MLD of sewage. As per
5626-472: The city was called during his times. The writings of Bhasa are set in Ujjain, and he probably lived in the city. Kalidasa also refers to Ujjain multiple times, and it appears that he spent at least a part of his life in Ujjain. Mrichchhakatika by Shudraka is also set in Ujjain. Ujjain also appears in several stories as the capital of the legendary emperor Vikramaditya of the Parmar dynasty . Somadeva's Kathasaritsagara (11th century) mentions that
5723-488: The city was created by Vishwakarma , and describes it as invincible, prosperous and full of wonderful sights. Ujjain was sacked several times by the Arabs of the Umayyad Caliphate in the 8th century CE. The Arabs called the city Uzayn . The Paramaras (9th-14th century CE) built the City of Ujjain and shifted the region's capital from Ujjain to Dhar . Mahmud of Ghazni sacked the city and forced it to pay tribute during his invasion in India. In 1235 CE, Iltutmish of
5820-451: The city's plastic waste and also installed a plastic cleansing machine known as a 'Phatka Machine'. Indore is a commercial center for goods and services. As per the official records released by the Directorate of Economics and Statistics (Madhya Pradesh), the GDP (nominal) of Indore District is estimated at Rs. 64,813 crores for the year 2020–21. While its per-capita nominal GDP was recorded at INR 1,51,101 in 2020–21. The city also hosts
5917-530: The city. In the year 1956, during the reorganisation of states, Indore was included in Madhya Pradesh , and later that same year, was declared a municipal corporation . Indore Municipal Corporation (IMC) is spread over an area of 269 square km. The Indore Municipal Corporation (IMC) is a unicameral body consisting of 69 Council members whose districts are divided into 12 zones and these zones had been further divided into 69 wards defined by geographic population boundaries. In 2014, 29 villages were added into
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#17328477757826014-466: The collector's decisions and can accept or reject his budget proposals each year. The role of IDA is to implement the master plan for Indore prepared by the Town and Country Office, Bhopal. The headquarters of the IDA is at Race Course Road, Indore. Electricity in Indore is supplied by the Madhya Pradesh Paschim Kshetra Vidyut Vitaran Company Limited, the state's agency. Major source of water in Indore are Narmada River and overhead tanks . In 2016,
6111-423: The development of an industrial area on the Dewas-Ujjain Road (MP State Highway 18) near Narwar village. Originally named "Vikramaditya Knowledge City", the area was envisaged as an educational hub. Due to diminished investment prospects, it was renamed to " Vikram Udyog Nagari " ("Vikram Industrial City"). As of 2014, the government has conceptualized it as a half-industrial, half-educational area. The stakeholders in
6208-406: The end of the Cretaceous period . The city is on the bank of the river Shipra which flows into the nearby Chambal . Ujjain is 57 km (35 mi) away from Indore via Indore-Sanwer Road, 40 km (25 mi) away from Dewas and 197 km (122 mi) from the State Capital Bhopal via MP State Highway 28 and MP State Highway 18. Climate of the city features a typical version of
6305-398: The erstwhile Madhya Bharat state. It is reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled Castes since 1966. This constituency covers the entire Ujjain district and part of Ratlam district . Previously, Dr. Chintamani Malviya of the Bharatiya Janata Party was the member of parliament who won in the 2014 Indian general elections . The Current Member of Parliament from Ujjain
6402-413: The failure of the plan was due to improper timing of flights. The nearest airport is the Devi Ahilyabai Holkar International Airport at Indore (57 km). Ujjain Junction is the main railway station of Ujjain, and it is directly or indirectly well-connected to all the major railway stations in India. It lies on the Indore – Dewas , Ratlam – Bhopal , Indore – Nagda and Guna – Khandwa route. To
6499-517: The fold of the municipality. In 2015, 23 more villages were added. After these inclusions, the number of wards went up to 85, and zones 19. The mayor and councillors are elected to five-year terms. The municipal or local elections to Indore Municipal Corporation were last held in 2015. The next elections were to be held early in 2020, but as per a report from February 2020, these have not happened, although preparation of voter rolls and ward reservation happened later in July. The elected wing of
6596-419: The full control of Malwa . During the days of the British Raj, Indore State was a 19 Gun Salute (21 locally) princely state (a rare high rank) ruled by the Maratha Holkar dynasty, until they acceded to the Union of India . Indore functions as the financial capital of Madhya Pradesh and was home to the Madhya Pradesh Stock Exchange till its derecognition in 2015. Indore has been selected as one of
6693-407: The holy Shipra river of Ujjain liberates one from sins. Therefore, Ujjain is also called the 'Mokshadayini city'. The name of this river is taken among the holy rivers like Kaveri, Narmada, Godavari and Krishna. According to Puranic legend, Ujjain, along with Haridwar , Nashik , and Prayag , is one of four sites where drops of amrita , the elixir of immortality, accidentally spilled over from
6790-485: The hottest months the nights are relatively cool, which is known as Shab-e-Malwa . Three distinct seasons are observed: summer, monsoon and winter. The coldest temperature was 1.1 °C (34.0 °F) on 27 December 1936. Indore gets moderate rainfall of 700 to 800 millimetres (28 to 31 in) during June–September due to the southwest monsoon . Indore has been ranked 6th best “National Clean Air City” (under Category 1 >10L Population cities) in India. Indore
6887-410: The importance of Ujjain "by transferring a great part of that consequence it now enjoys to the Towns of Indore and Rutlam cities, which are and will continue more under our control." After Indian independence, Ujjain was placed in Madhya Bharat state, which in turn was fused into Madhya Pradesh in 1956. Ujjain is located in the west-central part of India , and is north of the upper limit of
6984-499: The increasing commercial activity in the city. In 1724, the Marathas under the new Peshwa Baji Rao I , launched a fresh attack on the Mughals in Malwa. Baji Rao I himself led the campaign, accompanied by his lieutenants Udaji Rao Pawar , Malhar Rao Holkar and Ranoji Scindia . The Mughal Nizam met the Peshwa at Nalchha on 18 May 1724, and acceded to his demand of collecting chauth from
7081-404: The main building was damaged during the 1984 riots. This building was restored by H.H Usha Raje Holkar with the assistance of architects Himanshu Dudwadkar and Shreya Bhargava who used the 200-year-old blueprint. Additionally, the same material & finishes were used while adhering to modern seismic structural requirements. The restoration was designed to be identical to its previous state which
7178-507: The maintenance of the infrastructure in the area. The IDA consists of two appointed components; the collector of the district , who has executive powers, and the IDA Board which includes a chairman appointed by Government of Madhya Pradesh , Municipal Commissioner of Indore and five members form Town and Country Planning Department, Forest Department, Public Health Engineering, Public Works Department and MP Electricity Board who scrutinise
7275-882: The mission, UMC ( UMC, Ujjain Ujjain Municipal Corporation) shall participate in the smart cities challenge by Ministry of Urban Development . As part of this, UMC is preparing a Smart City Proposal (SCP). SCP will include smart city solutions based on the consultations to be held with the key stakeholders of the city. UMC invited the suggestions from citizens of Ujjain to make ‘Ujjain as a smart city’. The citizens were able to post their views pertaining to basic services such as water supply, sewerage, urban transport, social infrastructure and e-governance. Notable people who were born or lived in Ujjain include: Ujjain Metropolitan areas Sodang, Surasa, Tajpur, Chandesra, Chintaman-Jawasia, Chandukhedi. Archived 5 February 2017 at
7372-583: The modern Indore city was included in the Kampel pargana (administrative unit). In 1715, the Marathas invaded this region (Mughal territory) and demanded chauth (tax) from the Mughal Amil (administrator) of Kampel. The Amil fled to Ujjain , and the local zamindars agreed to pay Chauth to the Marathas. The chief zamindar, Nandlal Chaudhary (later known as Nandlal Mandloi), paid a chauth of around Rs. 25,000 to
7469-498: The most densely populated of all the municipalities with population over 100,000 in Madhya Pradesh . As per the 2011 census, 1,502,775 were literates, which translates to 75.4% of the total population, with an effective literacy rate (of population 7 years and above) 85.5%, with male literacy of 89.8% and female literacy was 81.2%. The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes populations in 2011 were 309,229 and 54,075, respectively. The total number of households were 404711. Majority of
7566-523: The palace was started by Malhar Rao Holkar , the founder of Holkar Dynasty, in the year 1747 A.D. This structure is placed in Khajuri Bazaar, near the center of the city. The palace has the Shiv Vilas Palace (New Palace) on the right and faces a garden with a statue of Maharani Ahilya Bai Holkar , fountains, and an artificial waterfall. The structure comprises two parts with one near the center of
7663-574: The period of Maharaja Tukoji Rao Holkar II (1852–86) efforts were made for the planned development and industrial development of Indore. With the introduction of Railways in 1875, the business in Indore flourished during the reigns of Maharaja Shivaji Rao Holkar , Maharaja Tukoji Rao Holkar III and Maharaja Yeshwant Rao Holkar . The Holkar State Darbar (Court) was composed of many Jagirdars , Sardars , Istamuradars, Mankaris and Zamindars . After India's independence in 1947, Holkar State, along with several neighbouring princely states, acceded to
7760-431: The permanent maintenance of the city's sun temple. The temple was constructed by two merchants of the city – Achalavarman and Bhṛikuṇṭhasiṁha. During the Mughal era , the area under the modern Indore district was equally divided between the administrations ( sarkar s) of Ujjain and Mandu . Kampel was the headquarters of a mahal (administrative unit) under the Ujjain sarkar of Malwa Subah (province). The area of
7857-522: The population are Hindus (80.18%), followed by significant populations of Muslims (14.09%) and Jains (3.25%). Hindi is the official language of Indore city, it is spoken by a majority of the population. A number of Hindi dialects such as Malvi , Nimadi and Bundeli are spoken in decent numbers. Other languages with substantial number of speakers include Marathi , Urdu , Sindhi , Gujarati , Punjabi and Bengali . According to 2012 figures, around 6,000 Pakistani Hindu migrants live in
7954-545: The project include the state government and the Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC) Trust. Ujjain does not have any airport but has an airstrip on Dewas road which is used for air transport purposes. In 2013, the Government of Madhya Pradesh started a Ujjain-Bhopal air services as a joint venture with Ventura AirConnect . Due to very low booking, the ambitious project was scrapped. The main reason for
8051-421: The rest was pocketed by his officers. A force sent by Daulatrao Scindia later regained control of Ujjain. After both Holkar and Scindias accepted the British suzerainty, the British colonial administrators decided to develop Indore as an alternative to Ujjain, because the merchants of Ujjain had supported certain anti-British people. John Malcolm , the British administrator of Central India , decided to reduce
8148-497: The ruler of Indore after the death of her son with Khande Rao. Ahilya Bai was a great pioneer and builder of Hindu temples who constructed hundreds of temples and Dharmashalas throughout India. She is specially renowned for refurbishing and reconsecrating some of the most sacred sites of Hindu pilgrimage that had been desecrated and demolished in the previous century by the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb including: In 1818,
8245-635: The sixteen Mahājanapadas. During the 18th century, the city briefly became the capital of the Scindia state of the Maratha Confederacy , when Ranoji Scindia established his capital at Ujjain in 1731. It remained an important political, commercial, and cultural centre of Central India until the early 19th century, when the British administrators decided to develop Indore as an alternative to it. Ujjain continues to be an important place of pilgrimage for Shaivites , Vaishnavites and Shaktas . Bathing in
8342-470: The southern edge of Malwa Plateau , at an average altitude of 553 meters (1,814 ft) above sea level, it has the highest elevation among major cities of Central India. The city is 190 km (120 mi) west of the state capital of Bhopal . It is 57 km (35 mi) from Ujjain and 35 km (20 mi) from Dewas . Indore had a census-estimated 2011 population of 1,994,397 (municipal corporation) and 3,570,295 ( urban agglomeration ). The city
8439-467: The state's capital to Maheshwar in 1767, but Indore remained an important commercial and military center. Ahalyabai Holkar is fondly remembered as a noble, saintly and courageous woman. She ruled the kingdom of Indore (which was then part of the wider Maratha Empire ) for several decades. Her rule is remembered as a golden age in Indore's history. From an agricultural background herself, she married Khande Rao, prince of Indore. Thereafter, she resided in
8536-616: The times of the Gupta king Vikramaditya wrote his epic work Meghadūta in which he describes the richness of Ujjain and its people. In the 6th century CE the Chinese pilgrim Xuanzang visited India. He describes the ruler of Avanti as a king who was generous to the poor and presented them with gifts. Bhartṛhari is said to have written his great epics, Virat Katha, Neeti Sataka, the love story of Pradyot Princess Vasavadatta and Udayan in Ujjayini, as
8633-614: The two bus stands in the city that provide service to destinations located in the states. A large number of state run private buses are available for Ahmedabad , Jaipur , Ajmer , Khajuraho , Harda , Indore , Bhopal , Pune , Mumbai , Kota , Mandu , Jhalawar and various other locations. The city has a well connected road network including Indore Road, Badnagar Road, Dewas Road, Agar Road, Nagda Road and Maksi Road. There are three national highways; 47 connects to Ahmedabad , proposed 148NG connects to Garoth and 552G connects to Indore. Other regional highways passing through
8730-410: The west it is connected to Ratlam Junction , to the north it is connected with Nagda Junction, to the east it is connected with Maksi Junction, Bhopal Junction , and to the south it is connected to Indore Junction BG , Dewas Junction Harda BG. C&W Training Centre/Ujjain/WR There are six railway stations in the Ujjain city and its suburbs: Dewas Gate Stand and Nana Kheda Bus Stand are
8827-460: Was appointed as the Maratha chief of Malwa . The local zamindars, who had the title of Chaudhari , came to be known as Mandloi s (after mandal , an administrative unit) during the Maratha reign . The Holkar dynasty of the Marathas, which controlled the region, conferred the title of Rao upon the local zamindar family. After Nandlal died, his son Tejkarana was accepted as the Mandloi of Kampel by
8924-769: Was approved for the civic body. Major sources of revenue for the municipality include collection of property tax, water tax, rent. Indore municipality follows the guidelines as per the Madhya Pradesh Municipal Corporations Act 1956 Archived 20 September 2018 at the Wayback Machine , as well as the Madhya Pradesh Municipalities Act, 1961 . The IMC is responsible for public education, correctional institutions, libraries, public safety, recreational facilities, sanitation, water supply, local planning, and welfare services. Indore city
9021-526: Was conducted by Indore Municipal Corporation from 2017 to 2023. Firstly it was scheduled for completion in 2019 but postponed due to budget related issues and COVID-19 pandemic in India . Rajwada was open after almost 6 years in February 2023. 22°43′06″N 75°51′19″E / 22.7184°N 75.8552°E / 22.7184; 75.8552 Indore Indore ( / ɪ n ˈ d ɔːr / ; ISO : Iṁdaura, Hindi: [ɪn̪d̪ɔːr] )
9118-544: Was constructed with thin bricks in lime mortar with lime plaster, wooden columns with stone bases, rough black basalt flooring, and a brick paved courtyard. The only departure from the original building was a concealed pipe frame for structural stability which was necessary because the building lies in an earthquake prone area. This modification was also required to obtain relevant building permissions. After renovation of palace by H.H. Usharaje S Holkar in March 2007, another renovation
9215-818: Was established in 1956 under the Madhya Pradesh Nagar Palika Nigam Adhiniyam. The UMC was established in 1886 as Nagar Palika, but the Municipal Corporation of Ujjain was declared on a par with the Gwalior Municipal Corporation. The UMC is responsible for public education, correctional institutions, libraries, public safety, recreational facilities, sanitation, water supply, local planning and welfare services. The mayor and councillors are elected to five-year terms. The Ujjain Development Authority , also known as UDA,
9312-514: Was located around the Garh Kalika hill on the bank of the river Kshipra, in the present-day suburban areas of the Ujjain city. This city covered an irregular pentagonal area of 0.875 km . It was surrounded by a 12 m high mud rampart . The archaeological investigations have also indicated the presence of a 45 meter wide and 6.6 m deep moat around the city. According to F. R. Allchin and George Erdosy, these city defences were constructed between
9409-479: Was shattered at the death of his son. He summoned Ahalyabai, who he loved deeply, and said: "You are now my son. I wish that you look after my kingdom". Malhar Rao Holkar died in 1766, 12 years after the death of his son Khande Rao. Malhar Rao's grandson and Khande Rao's only son Male Rao Holkar became the ruler of Indore in 1766, under Ahilya Bai's regency, but he too died within few months in April 1767. Ahilya Bai became
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