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23-537: RGW may refer to: Residential gateway , a hardware device connecting a home network with a wide area network (WAN) or the internet RGW, Rat für gegenseitige Wirtschaftshilfe, the East German abbreviation for Comecon RGW, relic gravitational waves R.G.W. (song) Japanese-language Christmas song Ramsgreave and Wilpshire railway station , England; National Rail station code RGW Rio Grande Western Railway RGW

46-426: A host on the destination network will respond and a forwarding database entry will be created. Both source and destination addresses are used in this process: source addresses are recorded in entries in the table, while destination addresses are looked up in the table and matched to the proper segment to send the frame to. Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) originally developed the technology in 1983 and introduced

69-463: A switching loop . SPB allows all paths to be active with multiple equal-cost paths. SPB also increases the number of VLANs allowed on a layer-2 network. TRILL (Transparent Interconnection of Lots of Links) is the successor to Spanning Tree Protocol, both having been created by the same person, Radia Perlman . The catalyst for TRILL was an event at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center which began on 13 November 2002. The concept of Rbridges [sic]

92-424: A frame addressed to B to the bridge. The bridge examines the source address of the frame and creates an address and port number entry for host A in its forwarding table. The bridge examines the destination address of the frame and does not find it in its forwarding table so it floods (broadcasts) it to all other ports: 2 and 3. The frame is received by hosts B and C. Host C examines the destination address and ignores

115-407: A frame-by-frame basis whether or not to forward from one network to the other. A store and forward technique is typically used so, as part of forwarding, the frame integrity is verified on the source network and CSMA/CD delays are accommodated on the destination network. In contrast to repeaters which simply extend the maximum span of a segment, bridges only forward frames that are required to cross

138-415: A table called the forwarding information base to control the forwarding of frames between network segments. The table starts empty and entries are added as the bridge receives frames. If a destination address entry is not found in the table, the frame is forwarded to all other ports of the bridge, flooding the frame to all segments except the one from which it was received. By means of these flooded frames,

161-420: Is an abbreviation for "red-green-white", just as RGB is an abbreviation for "red-green-blue", which is a very important concept in color television, color photography, etc. See RGB color model . Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title RGW . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to

184-587: Is distinct from routing . Routing allows multiple networks to communicate independently and yet remain separate, whereas bridging connects two separate networks as if they were a single network. In the OSI model , bridging is performed in the data link layer (layer 2). If one or more segments of the bridged network are wireless , the device is known as a wireless bridge . The main types of network bridging technologies are simple bridging, multiport bridging, and learning or transparent bridging. Transparent bridging uses

207-405: Is now possible between A and B without any further flooding to the network. Now, if A sends a frame addressed to C, the same procedure will be used, but this time the bridge will not create a new forwarding-table entry for A's address/port because it has already done so. Bridging is called transparent when the frame format and its addressing aren't changed substantially. Non-transparent bridging

230-415: Is required especially when the frame addressing schemes on both sides of a bridge are not compatible with each other, e.g. between ARCNET with local addressing and Ethernet using IEEE MAC addresses , requiring translation. However, most often such incompatible networks are routed in between, not bridged. A simple bridge connects two network segments, typically by operating transparently and deciding on

253-460: The LANBridge 100 that implemented it in 1986. In the context of a two-port bridge, the forwarding information base can be seen as a filtering database. A bridge reads a frame 's destination address and decides to either forward or filter. If the bridge determines that the destination host is on another segment on the network, it forwards the frame to that segment. If the destination address belongs to

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276-475: The basis for network switches . The forwarding information base stored in content-addressable memory (CAM) is initially empty. For each received Ethernet frame the switch learns from the frame's source MAC address and adds this together with an interface identifier to the forwarding information base. The switch then forwards the frame to the interface found in the CAM based on the frame's destination MAC address. If

299-464: The bridge. Additionally, bridges reduce collisions by creating a separate collision domain on either side of the bridge. A multiport bridge connects multiple networks and operates transparently to decide on a frame-by-frame basis whether to forward traffic. Additionally, a multiport bridge must decide where to forward traffic. Like the simple bridge, a multiport bridge typically uses store and forward operation. The multiport bridge function serves as

322-455: The destination address is unknown the switch sends the frame out on all interfaces (except the ingress interface). This behavior is called unicast flooding . Once a bridge learns the addresses of its connected nodes, it forwards data link layer frames using a layer-2 forwarding method. There are four forwarding methods a bridge can use, of which the second through fourth methods were performance-increasing methods when used on switch products with

345-457: The devices on each end of the connection are able to recognize each other. However, a modem generally provides few other network functions. A cellular wireless access point can function in a similar fashion to a modem. It can allow a direct connection from a home LAN to a WWAN , if a wireless router or access point is present on the WAN as well and tethering is allowed. Many modems now incorporate

368-531: The features mentioned below and thus are appropriately described as residential gateways, such as some Internet providers which offer a cable modem router combo. A residential gateway usually provides It may also provide other functions such as Dynamic DNS , and converged triple play services such as TV and telephony . Most gateways are self-contained components, using internally stored firmware. They are generally platform-independent, i.e., they can serve any operating system . Wireless routers perform

391-422: The frame as it does not match with its address. Host B recognizes a destination address match and generates a response to A. On the return path, the bridge adds an address and port number entry for B to its forwarding table. The bridge already has A's address in its forwarding table so it forwards the response only to port 1. Host C or any other hosts on port 3 are not burdened with the response. Two-way communication

414-463: The functions of a router. It merely allows ATM or PPP or PPPoE traffic to be transmitted across telephone lines, cable wires, optical fibers, wireless radio frequencies, or other physical layers. On the receiving end is another modem that re-converts the transmission format back into digital data packets. This allows network bridging using telephone, cable, optical, and radio connection methods. The modem also provides handshake protocols , so that

437-603: The intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=RGW&oldid=1040242202 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Residential gateway The term residential gateway was popularized by Clifford Holliday in 1997 through his paper entitled "The residential gateway". . Multiple devices have been described as residential gateways : A modem (e.g. DSL modem , cable modem ) by itself provides none of

460-574: The same functions as a wired router and base station, but allow connectivity for wireless devices with the LAN, or as a bridge between the wireless router and another wireless router for a meshnet (the wireless router-wireless router connection can be within the LAN or can be between the LAN and WWAN). Low-cost production and requirement for user friendliness make gateways vulnerable to network attacks, which resulted in large clusters of such devices being taken over and used to launch DDoS attacks. A majority of

483-453: The same input and output port bandwidths: Shortest Path Bridging (SPB), specified in the IEEE 802.1aq standard and based on Dijkstra's algorithm , is a computer networking technology intended to simplify the creation and configuration of networks, while enabling multipath routing . It is a proposed replacement for Spanning Tree Protocol which blocks any redundant paths that could result in

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506-425: The same segment as the source address, the bridge filters the frame, preventing it from reaching the other network where it is not needed. Transparent bridging can also operate over devices with more than two ports. As an example, consider a bridge connected to three hosts, A, B, and C. The bridge has three ports. A is connected to bridge port 1, B is connected to bridge port 2, C is connected to bridge port 3. A sends

529-432: The vulnerabilities were present in the web administration frontends of the routers, allowing unauthorized control either via default passwords , vendor backdoors , or web vulnerabilities . Network bridge A network bridge is a computer networking device that creates a single, aggregate network from multiple communication networks or network segments . This function is called network bridging . Bridging

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