45-736: The R445 road is a regional road in Ireland . The route is a non-motorway alternative route to the N7 / M7 motorway between Naas and Limerick , and at 170 km it is one of the longest regional roads in Ireland (longer than most national roads). Indeed, much of the route comprises roads that were formerly part of the N7 between the cities, prior to motorway and other bypasses. Some of the R445 route also comprises local link roads to new N7/M7 route sections. The official description of
90-730: A Mercedes. See Annals of Inisfallen Kildare Town Tourist Office & Heritage Centre is situated in the Market House in Kildare Town. St. Brigid's Cathedral and Norman tower House is also located in the town centre. On the outskirts of the town are St Brigid's Well and Father Moore's Well (the latter on the Milltown Road). Tourist destinations outside the town include the Irish National Stud and Japanese Gardens , Curragh Racecourse , and Kildare Village outlet centre. The latter
135-694: A discussion on the accuracy of pre-famine census returns see JJ Lee "On the accuracy of the Pre-famine Irish censuses Irish Population, Economy and Society" edited by JM Goldstrom and LA Clarkson (1981) p54, in and also New Developments in Irish Population History, 1700–1850 by Joel Mokyr and Cormac O Grada in The Economic History Review, New Series, Vol. 37, No. 4 (Nov. 1984), pp. 473–488. b. According to Leinster Leader , Saturday, 11 April 1903 , Britain had to choose
180-742: A local association football (soccer) club, was founded in 1966 and plays in the Kildare & District Underage League. Cill Dara RFC plays in the Leinster League and has its grounds at Beech Park. South Kildare Soldiers (an American Football team which plays in the Irish American Football League ) is based at Rathbride Road. Kildare is served by the R445 and M7 roads. Aircoach operates an expressway service between Dublin and Cork which calls at Kildare, whilst Dublin Coach operates services to
225-624: A total of "€7 million to continue progress on the regional roads signposting programme, which commenced in 2003" was granted to local authorities. There are some higher-capacity (i.e. not just single-carriageway) sections of regional road, most notably the R113 ( Belgard Road ) and R445 ( Old Naas Road ), R132 Swords Inner By-pass and R136 Dublin Outer Ring Road which have sections of dual carriageway. In some cases, important high-capacity urban routes are built or designated as regional roads, such as
270-500: Is a shopping outlet located on the outskirts of Kildare and has become a shopping and tourist destination. Kildare Town is in the Dáil constituency of Kildare South for national elections and in the local electoral area of Kildare for elections to Kildare County Council . Round Towers a local GAA club, was founded in 1888 and plays in the Kildare GAA league. Kildare Town A.F.C.,
315-725: Is also now the R445. The route passes by Annacotty , and enters Limerick along the Dublin Road through Castletroy . The road crosses the Groody Bridge at the beginning of a new road section also opened in 2004 (also designated the N7 at the time). This brings the Dublin Road and R445 to the Parkway Roundabout , where it meets the Childers Road . The R445 continues as the Dublin Road , Clare Street and Lock Quay before crossing
360-443: Is an example of a Regional road with a 100 km/h speed limit. As of 2009 , directional signposting on some regional roads in Ireland remains poor, with even modern signage usually relying on fingerpost signposts located directly at junctions. However, work on improving signposting on regional roads has been continuing since 2003; routes which previously had the most deficient signposting were selected for upgrading first. In 2007,
405-470: Is home to Kildare Cathedral , historically the site of an important abbey said to have been founded by Saint Brigid of Kildare in the 5th century. The Curragh lies east of the town. The town lies on the R445 , some 50 kilometres (31 mi) west of Dublin – near enough for it to have become, despite being a regional centre in its own right, a commuter town for the capital. Although Kildare gives its name to
450-404: Is with the children of his lawful wife. From her mother, Brigid learned dairying and the care of the cattle, and these were her occupations after she made a vow to live a life of holy chastity . Both Saint Mel of Ardagh and Bishop Mac Caille have been credited with the consecration of Brigid and some companions, after which the woman established a community beneath an oak tree, on a hill on
495-784: The Abbey Bridge across the Abbey River. The R445 passes through King's Island as the Northern Relief Road and Castle Street (passing by King John's Castle ). The route crosses the River Shannon via Thomond Bridge and follows High Street , Sexton Street and the Northern Ring Road (past LIT ). At Caherdavin Cross ( Ivan's Cross ) the route follows the Ennis Road west out of
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#1732852001638540-630: The Dublin Road east of Kildare . This runs through the town via Dublin Street , Claregate Street and the Limerick/Cork Road . The R445 meets Junction 14 of the M7 motorway at Mayfield . From here, the route continues west through Monasterevin via Mooreabbey and Dublin Street . The R445 passes through Ballybrittas on the way to Portlaoise , meeting the M7 motorway again at Junction 16. The Dublin Road brings
585-580: The Red Cow (with a connection to Dublin city centre), Dublin Airport and Portlaoise. The Dublin Coach service also has a stop at the "Kildare Village" retail outlet development. Go Ahead Ireland have two services through Kildare. 126 is Dublin-Kildare, 126e is Dublin-Rathangan. Kildare railway station is located on the Dublin-Cork mainline railway line , with a connection to Waterford also, and options to change down
630-457: The Republic of Ireland were designated with one of two prefixes: "T" for Trunk Roads and "L" for Link Roads . The Local Government (Roads and Motorways) Act authorised the designation of roads as National roads: in 1977, twenty-five National Primary roads (N1-N25) and thirty-three National Secondary roads (N51-N83) were initially designated under Statutory Instrument S.I. No. 164/1977 . Many of
675-447: The N62 at Parkmore in the county of North Tipperary and its junction with N52 at Tullahedy via Inane in the county of North Tipperary Ouris and Busherstown in the county of Offaly: Greenhills in the county of North Tipperary: Moneygall in the county of Offaly: Toomevara , Clashnevin, Lisbunny : Dublin Road, Thomas MacDonagh Street, Pearse Street, Kickham Street, Ashe Road and Clare Street in
720-503: The N7, start of the M7 motorway). Here the R445 route follows the Dublin Road into Naas (this route was the N7 prior to the construction of the M7 in 1983). The route continues through Naas along Poplar Street and Main Street , before leaving the town along the Limerick Road . South of Naas, the R445 becomes a dual carriageway for 8 km (5.0 mi) and crosses the M7 motorway at Junction 10, continuing west to Newbridge along
765-686: The Prophet Elijah, the spiritual founder of the Order. The surrounding panels show St Telesphorus, St Dionysius, St Albert (Patriarch of Jerusalem), St Andrew Corsini, St Cyril of Alexandria, St Louis IX, St Angelus, and St Albert of Sicily. In February 2016, the Carmelite Church and Friary were entrusted to the Indian Carmelites. In July 1903, the Gordon Bennett Cup ran through Kildare. It
810-466: The R445 from the Roads Act 1993 (Classification of Regional Roads) Order 2012 reads: Between its junction with N7 at Maudlings in the county of Kildare and its junction with N80 at Stradbally Road in the town of Portlaoise in the county of Laois via Dublin Road, Poplar Square, Main Street and Limerick Road in the town of Naas: Newhall, Buckleys Cross: Liffey Bridge, Main Street and Edward Street in
855-738: The R445 into Portlaoise where it joins the N80 . The R445 begins again where it leaves the N80 at the junction of Grattan Street and Abbeyleix Road , following the former street out of the town, to meet the M7/N7 at Junction 18. The R445 route from east of Kildare to west of Portlaoise consists of redesignated roads which formed part of the N7 route prior to the opening of the M7 Kildare Bypass (2003), Monasterevin Bypass (2004) and Portlaoise Bypass (1997). In 2010 all of
900-702: The R445. The R445 passes through Nenagh via the Dublin Road , Thomas MacDonagh Street , Pierce Street , Kickham Street , Ash Road and Clare Street . The route meets the N52 west of Nenagh. From the Carrigatogher Roundabout the R445 leaves the N52 road and continues along the old N7 route to Birdhill which was redesignated in April 2010. The route between Birdhill and Annacotty was redesignated as R445 in September 2010 following
945-578: The carvings from Great Connell and Dunfierth , also in County Kildare, and probably came from the same workshop. The stained glass in the church includes scenes from the lives of Our Lord and the Blessed Virgin Mary, from the Scapular Vision, as well as Saints Patrick and Brigid, and the four Evangelists. The rose window over the main entrance is of special interest with its centrepiece being
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#1732852001638990-504: The city of Limerick: Lansdowne Bridge at the boundary between the city of Limerick and the County of Clare: and Meelick in the county of Clare. Ancillary roads constructed as part of the N7 Naas Road widening and junction separation scheme are classified as the R445. These offer local access to Johnstown and Kill . They connect to the existing R445 at Maudlin's Interchange (Junction 9 on
1035-838: The city to meet the N18 in County Clare at the Coonagh Roundabout . Regional road (Ireland) A regional road ( Irish : bóthar réigiúnach ) in the Republic of Ireland is a class of road not forming a major route (such as a national primary road or national secondary road ), but nevertheless forming a link in the national route network . There are over 11,600 kilometres (7,200 miles) of regional roads. Regional roads are numbered with three-digit route numbers, prefixed by "R" (e.g. R105). The equivalent road category in Northern Ireland are B roads . Until 1977, classified roads in
1080-504: The county, Naas is the county town. Rich in heritage and history, Kildare Town dates from the 5th century, when it was the site of the original 'Church of the Oak' and monastery founded by Saint Brigid. This became one of the three most important Christian foundations in Celtic Ireland. It was said that Brigid's mother was a Christian and that Brigid was reared in her father's family, that
1125-475: The creation of a bypass ( motorway or other), the road previously forming part of the route is reclassified as a regional road rather than as a local road. The current routes of all regional roads in Ireland – as defined by Statutory Instrument (S.I.) No 54/2012 (Classification of Regional Roads) Order 2012 under the Roads Act 1993 – are listed below. The S.I. specifies the start and end points of each route and
1170-507: The edge of the Curragh . Hence the name Cill Dara , the church of the oak. Not too far away, on Dún Ailinne , lived the King of Leinster who had donated the site to the holy woman. A story told was that the King had offered Brigid as much land as her cloak would cover. When she spread her garment it miraculously stretched out to embrace the entire Curragh. True to his promise, the King gave her
1215-567: The fertile plain, and there the new community grazed their sheep and cows. The Carmelite Friars accepted the invitation of Lord William de Vesci and came to Kildare in 1290. This same de Vesci also established the Franciscans in the Grey Abbey and built the original castle of Kildare . With the suppression of the monasteries under Henry VIII , White Abbey was surrendered on 3 April 1539. The Friars, however, continued to minister clandestinely to
1260-574: The former Trunk and Link road designations are still to be seen in some locations. The L (for Link Road) prefix on these signs is not connected to the network of Local roads currently in place. Unlike national roads, regional roads are maintained by local county or city councils rather than the National Roads Authority . The vast majority of the regional road network is made up of single-carriageway roads although some roads are dual-carriageway (see: High-capacity regional roads below). Until
1305-916: The late 1990s, such roads were often in a very poor condition, although increased road maintenance funding to local councils has resulted in more frequent resurfacing of regional roads, as well as relaying and realignment on some routes. Regional roads are generally subject to a speed limit of 80 km/h (imperial equivalent 50 mph), rather than the 100 km/h (imperial equivalent 62.5 mph) for national roads. Prior to 20 January 2005, when Ireland adopted metric speed limits, national and regional roads had identical speed limits of 60 mph. Regional roads, however, pass through towns, villages and built-up areas frequently, so even lower local speed restrictions are often in place. However, certain regional roads, often sections of former national roads which have been bypassed by motorways or other road improvements, have speed limits of 100 km/h. The R132 (former N1)
1350-484: The level of the nave roof. It has deeply recessed windows on each face and is finished with a moulded cornice. From this point, the tapering spire rises to a height of 40 metres and is surmounted by a cross. On the north transept wall of the church are inserted – for safekeeping – some interesting fifteenth/sixteenth century stone sculptures which came from the ruins of the Franciscan Grey Abbey. They are similar to
1395-464: The line for Limerick, Galway and Westport and Ballina. It is served by the south western commuter service as well. From the station, a community transport company serves Milltown, Nurney and Kildangan, there is a shuttle bus service to "Kildare Village" and on race days, also a shuttle bus to the Curragh Racecourse. a. 1813 estimate of population is from Mason's Statistical Survey For
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1440-506: The mostly dual-carriageway R710 Waterford Outer Ring Road , or the R774 Greystones to the N11 link, which is dual-carriageway for its full length. In many other cases, upgraded regional roads (for example, wide two-lane roads ) were previously part of a national primary road, prior to the construction of a motorway or other bypass. In most cases, when a national primary road is changed by
1485-464: The names of those townlands, villages, towns, and other settlements through which the route passes, as well as individual road names where necessary to establish the exact routing. Sources Kildare Kildare ( Irish : Cill Dara , meaning 'church of oak') is a town in County Kildare , Ireland . As of 2022 , its population was 10,302, making it the 7th largest town in County Kildare. It
1530-493: The old N7 route between Portlaoise and Limerick was replaced with motorway and was reclassified as R445. The first section through Mountrath , Castletown and Borris-in-Ossory was reclassified in May 2010 followed the opening of the M7/M8 tolled motorway. Following the bypass of Nenagh in 2000, and resulting realignment of the N7, the old route through the town was reclassified as part of
1575-585: The opening of the Birdhill to Limerick section of the M7. On 22 December 2010, following the opening of the M7 Castletown to Nenagh motorway project the old N7 route was reclassified as R445 from Borris-in-Ossory to Nenagh passing through the towns of Roscrea , Moneygall and Toomevara . Finally, the route through Limerick city, which formed the N7 prior to the opening of the Southern Ring Road in 2004,
1620-524: The people of the area during the next two centuries. When the Penal Laws were relaxed in the 1750s, the Carmelites returned to Kildare and erected a church and a school close to or on the original 1290 foundation. This eighteenth century church served the Carmelites and the people in the district for more than one hundred years. The foundation stone of the present church was laid on 8 December 1884. The architect
1665-531: The remaining classified roads became Regional roads (formally authorised under the Roads Act 1993 , having been indicated as such on road signs on a non-statutory basis for some years previously) and their routes were designated under a Statutory Instrument ('SI') in 1994. The latest SI designating the routes of Regional roads was published in 2012: the Roads Act 1993 (Classification of Regional Roads) Order 2012 . Other roads once classified as Trunk or Link roads eventually became Local roads . Older signs showing
1710-640: The town of Nenagh : and Springfort Cross in the county of North Tipperary and between its junction with N52 at Lissenhall in the county of North Tipperary and its junction with the N18 at Cratloemoyle in the county of Clare via Ballinteenoe, Kilmastulla, Gortybrigane and Birdhill in the county of North Tipperary: Dalys Cross, Mountshannon, Annacotty and Groody Bridge in the county of Limerick : Parkway Roundabout, Dublin Road, Clare Street, Lock Quay, Abbey River Bridge, Northern Relief Road, Castle Street, Thomond Bridge , High Road, Sexton Street North, Northern Ring Road, Ennis Road, Caherdavin Cross and Ennis Road in
1755-473: The town of Droichead Nua; and Ballymany Cross; Dublin Street and Claregate Street in the town of Kildare; Cherryville Cross, Mayfield (including link road to M7 ); Mooreabbey and Dublin Street in the town of Monasterevin; and Clogheen in the county of Kildare: Kilinure, Ballybrittas, Cappakeel, New Inn Cross, Greatheath, Ballydavis; Rathbrennan and Dublin Road in the town of Portlaoise in the county of Laois and between its junction with N80 at Abbeyleix Road in
1800-451: The town of Portlaoise and its junction with N62 at Benamore in the county of North Tipperary via Grattan Street in the town of Portlaoise; Clonboyne, Cloncourse; Portlaoise Road, Main Street, Market Square, Bridge Street and Patrick Street at Mountrath; Holy Cross, Moorefield Cross, Rush Hall, Derrin Cross, Borris-in-Ossory and Ballaghmore Lower in the county of Laois: and Cooleeshill in the county of Offaly and between its junction with
1845-625: The town's Dublin Road , crossing the River Liffey via Liffey Bridge onto Main Street . The route continues along Edward Street , leaving the town as the Kildare Road . The R445 links to the M7 motorway at Junction 12, and crosses the Curragh beside the motorway before veering into Kildare Town. The route sections through Newbridge and Kildare formed the N7 until the extension of the M7 motorway between Junction 10 and Junction 13. The R445 continues on
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1890-416: The walls of the nave. The side chapels are seen from the transepts and chancel through arches springing from moulded piers which also support the large chancel arch with its polished granite corbel shafts, moulded bases and carved caps. The principal entrance doorway faces east with pillared jambs, carved tympanum and moulded arches set in a projecting porch. The tower, with its lantern belfry , extends above
1935-503: Was William Hague who designed churches in the Pugin style. The church is therefore gothic in design and the builder was John Harris of Monasterevan , who used Wicklow granite and local stone from Boston, Rathangan. The church is cruciform in plan with the nave being set off with alternating window and arched roof-truss. The transepts are defined by polished granite pillars with moulded bases and carved caps which support arches in line with
1980-500: Was chosen, among other candidate venues, partly because the straightness of the roads was deemed a safety benefit. As a compliment to Ireland, the British team chose to race in Shamrock green which became known as British racing green . The 528 km race ran on a loop through parts of counties Kildare and Carlow, including Kildare town. It was won by Belgian racer Camille Jenatzy in
2025-570: Was the first international motor race to be held in Britain or Ireland. The Automobile Club of Great Britain and Ireland wanted the race to be hosted in Britain or Ireland, and Ireland was suggested as racing was illegal on British public roads. The editor of the Dublin Motor News suggested an area in County Kildare , and letters were sent to politicians, newspapers, railway companies, hoteliers, and clergy to win support and amend local laws. Kildare
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