In the United Kingdom, the term conservation area almost always applies to an area (usually urban or the core of a village) of special architectural or historic interest, the character of which is considered worthy of preservation or enhancement. It creates a precautionary approach to the loss or alteration of buildings and/or trees, thus it has some of the legislative and policy characteristics of listed buildings and tree preservation orders . The concept was introduced in 1967, and by 2017 almost 9,800 had been designated in England.
41-587: The Queen Alexandra Military Hospital ( QAMH ) opened in July 1905. It was constructed immediately to the north of the Tate Britain (across a side-street) adjacent to the River Thames on the borders of the neighbourhoods of Millbank and Pimlico , Westminster , London. The hospital closed in 1977, but several buildings remain. The hospital was officially opened by King Edward VII and his wife Queen Alexandra , who
82-722: A contribution to the special architectural or historic character of the area. Current Government planning policy on conservation areas is laid down (for England) mainly in section 12 'Conserving and enhancing the historic environment' of the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) and (for Wales) in Welsh Office Circular 61/96 – Planning and the Historic Environment: Historic Buildings and Conservation Areas . There are additional planning controls over certain works carried out within
123-446: A dedicated schools' entrance and reception beneath its entrance steps on Millbank and a new archive gallery for the presentation of temporary displays. The front entrance is accessible by steps. A side entrance at a lower level has a ramp for wheelchair access. The gallery provides a restaurant and a café, as well as a Friends room, open only to members of the Tate. This membership is open to
164-484: A different and younger audience with Late at Tate Britain on the first Friday of every month, with half-price admission to exhibitions, live music and performance art. Other public involvement has included the display of visitors', as opposed to curators', interpretation of certain artworks. Regular free tours operate on the hour, and at 1:15 pm on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday short 15-minute talks are given on paintings, artists and artistic styles. Tate Britain
205-411: A focus of academic study. Conservation area (United Kingdom) As of 2019, 2.2% of England making up 2,938 km (1,134 sq mi) is a conservation area, 59% of which are rural, and 41% are in urban areas. The original idea of historic conservation areas was proposed by June Hargreaves , a York town planner, in her 1964 book Historic buildings. Problems of their preservation . In
246-472: A stem diameter of more than 75 mm (3"), when measured at 1.5 metres (5') height above ground level, in a conservation area must give the planning authority six weeks' notice of their intentions to do the work. Several exemptions from the need to notify exist including for removal of dead trees, the prevention or abatement of (legal) nuisance and for the implementation of planning permission. Work may only be undertaken either when consent has been given by
287-513: Is by Angela Bulloch . The main display spaces show the permanent collection of historic British art, as well as contemporary work. It has rooms dedicated to works by one artist, such as: Tracey Emin , John Latham , Douglas Gordon , Sam Taylor-Wood , Tacita Dean , and Marcus Gheeraerts II, though these works, like the rest of the collection, are subject to rotation. The gallery also organises career retrospectives of British artists and temporary major exhibitions of British Art. Every three years
328-715: Is part of the Tate network of galleries in England, with Tate Modern , Tate Liverpool and Tate St Ives . Founded by Sir Henry Tate , it houses a substantial collection of the art of the United Kingdom since Tudor times, and in particular has large holdings of the works of J. M. W. Turner , who bequeathed all his own collection to the nation. It is one of the largest museums in the country. The museum had 525,144 visitors in 2021, an increase of 34 percent from 2020 but still well below pre- COVID-19 pandemic levels. In 2021 it ranked 50th on
369-467: Is the national gallery of British art from 1500 to the present day. As such, it is the most comprehensive collection of its kind in the world (only the Yale Center for British Art can claim similar expansiveness, but with less depth). More recent artists include David Hockney , Peter Blake and Francis Bacon . Works in the permanent Tate collection, which may be on display at Tate Britain include: When
410-517: Is worth protecting or enhancing. Local and regional criteria are used, rather than any national standard. In exceptional circumstances, Historic England can designate conservation areas in London, but it has to consult the relevant Borough Council and obtain the consent of the Secretary of State for Culture Media and Sport. The Secretary of State can also designate in exceptional circumstances – usually where
451-651: The Army Medical Service , and there was a joint neoplastic clinic . In the Second World War the hospital together with its college formed a large site vulnerable to bombing but only received superficial damage. After the war a vascular surgical unit was set up with St Mary's Hospital , Paddington and postgraduate training continued for Army medical officers in surgery, tropical diseases and pathology (for assistance in prevention and diagnosis), while other ranks received more technical medical training. In 1957
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#1733116014891492-603: The Pre-Raphaelite painter and President of the Royal Academy , John Everett Millais , died in 1896, the Prince of Wales (later to become King Edward VII ) chaired a memorial committee, which commissioned a statue of the artist. The sculpture, by Thomas Brock , was installed at the front of the gallery in the garden on the east side in 1905. On 23 November that year, The Pall Mall Gazette called it "a breezy statue, representing
533-587: The Queen Alexandra Hospital in Cosham near Portsmouth in 2005. In 2005 Westminster City Council produced an 'conservation audit' of the wider Millbank conservation area. The report described the hospital building as follows: It has an elaborate Edwardian brick frontage with stone detailing to John Islip Street. There is a feature bow window and decorated gable to the entrance bay and timber sash windows throughout. Attractive pavilion blocks trail off to
574-472: The River Thames spilling its banks , and bomb damage during World War II. However, most of the collection was in safe storage elsewhere during the war, and a large Stanley Spencer painting, deemed too big to move, had a protective brick wall built in front of it. In anticipation of the threat to London, more than 700 artworks were secretly transported to Muncaster Castle in Cumbria on 24 August 1939. In 1970,
615-551: The list of most-visited art museums in the world. The gallery is on Millbank , on the site of the former Millbank Prison . Construction, undertaken by Higgs and Hill , commenced in 1893, and the gallery opened on 21 July 1897 as the National Gallery of British Art. However, from the start it was commonly known as the Tate Gallery, after its founder Sir Henry Tate , and in 1932 it officially adopted that name. Before 2000,
656-717: The Royal Army Medical College, became the postgraduate school for medical officers of the Royal Army Medical Corps and British overseas territories as well as the Royal Navy and Royal Air Force . It was the only British institution teaching military surgery . There were strong ties with Westminster Hospital due to its then proximity (based in Broad Sanctuary and from 1939 in Horseferry Road) and also
697-650: The Tate, including the former military hospital, the former Royal Army Medical College and other adjacent areas is a conservation area , although as at 2005 only the hospital buildings were not listed . Tate Britain Tate Britain , known from 1897 to 1932 as the National Gallery of British Art and from 1932 to 2000 as the Tate Gallery , is an art museum on Millbank in the City of Westminster in London, England. It
738-455: The Tate. In 2000 the statue was removed to the rear of the building. Starting in 1990, oil company BP began a sponsorship of Tate Britain, which was to become 'the longest and most consistent sponsorship of any permanent art collection in the UK' according to the Tate itself. Although BP renewed its support in 2011, offering a fresh commitment to last a further decade, the following year BP announced
779-437: The architects Caruso St John and included a total of nine new galleries, with reinforced flooring to accommodate heavy sculptures. A second part was unveiled later that year, the centrepiece being the reopening of the building's Thames-facing entrance as well as a new spiral staircase beneath its rotunda. The circular balcony of the rotunda's domed atrium, closed to visitors since the 1920s, was reopened. The gallery also now has
820-566: The area is of more than local interest. Local authorities have additional powers under planning legislation to control changes to buildings in a conservation area that might usually be allowed without planning permission in other locations, for example changing the appearance of windows, adding external cladding or putting up satellite dishes. Large conservation areas are sometimes subdivided into identity areas, which cover groups of buildings and features having similar character and appearance. Enforcement of conservation areas varies, dependent on
861-431: The book she critiqued the idea that historic buildings should be replaced with modern "streamlined and ultra-functional" buildings as this would be detrimental to the identity of historic towns: "No building within an 'area of special preservation' should be demolished or altered in such a way as to materially detract from the contribution it makes to the group value of the street." The Civic Amenities Act 1967 introduced
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#1733116014891902-478: The building was given Grade II* listed status. In 2012, Tate Britain announced that it had raised the £45 million required to complete a major renovation, largely thanks to a £4.9 million grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund and £1 million given by Tate Members. The museum stayed open throughout the three phases of renovation. Completed in 2013, the newly designed sections were conceived by
943-563: The central sculpture gallery was designed by John Russell Pope . Tate Britain includes the Clore Gallery of 1987, designed by James Stirling , which houses work by J. M. W. Turner . The Clore Gallery has been regarded as an important example of Postmodern architecture , especially in the use of contextual irony: each section of the external facade quotes liberally from the building next to it in regard to materials and detailing. Crises during its existence include flood damage to artworks from
984-686: The concept of conservation areas, and in September of that year the first designation was made, covering the "old town" area of Stamford, Lincolnshire . The legislation was refined by section 277 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1971 , which in turn was superseded by the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. The current legislation in England and Wales, the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 (sections 69 and 70), defines
1025-483: The conservation area. For example, demolition within conservation areas requires consent. The designation does not preclude development from taking place, but does require that developments preserve or enhance the historic character of the area, for example by ensuring that newly constructed buildings are of a high quality design. Conservation area status also removes some permitted development rights that apply in undesignated areas. In England, conservation area consent
1066-853: The director of Tate Britain. This is spread out over the year with the four nominees announced in May, the show of their work opened in October and the prize itself given in December. Each stage of the prize generates media coverage, and there have also been a number of demonstrations against the prize, notably since 2000 an annual picket by Stuckist artists. In recent years the exhibition and award ceremony have taken place at locations other than in Tate Britain: for example, in Liverpool (2007), Derry (2013), Glasgow (2015) and Hull (2017). Tate Britain has attempted to reach out to
1107-532: The east, some have been demolished to allow for extensions to Tate Britain. The chapel remains behind the John Islip Street block. The buildings collectively make a positive contribution to the character and appearance of the conservation area. On Millbank to the north of the Tate is a three story red brick property built as the lodge to the Queen Alexandra Hospital which has since become separated by
1148-491: The extensions to Tate Britain. Built of red brick it has stone facing to the ground floor and stone surrounds to the windows, which retain timber frame sashes. With a slate pitched roof it has a domestic appearance and helps enclose the northern open space to the front of the Tate. Together with the Royal Army Medical Corps buildings it provides a seemly "frame" contributing to the setting for the Tate Gallery. Part of
1189-481: The gallery housed and displayed both British and modern collections, but the launch of Tate Modern saw Tate's modern collections move there, while the old Millbank gallery became dedicated to the display of historical and contemporary British art . As a consequence, it was renamed Tate Britain in March 2000. The front part of the building was designed by Sidney R. J. Smith with a classical portico and dome behind, and
1230-406: The gallery stages a Triennial exhibition in which a guest curator provides an overview of contemporary British Art. The 2003 Tate Triennial was called Days Like These . Art Now is a small changing show of a contemporary artist's work in a dedicated room. Tate Britain is the home of the annual and usually controversial Turner Prize exhibition, featuring four artists selected by a jury chaired by
1271-432: The historic centres of town and cities such as Alexandra Palace and Park ; model housing estates; historic mining, fishing and transport areas e.g. Crosby Garrett ; and rural villages such as Osmotherley . It is the role of the listed building process to protect individual buildings, and it is common for many listed buildings to also be located within designated conservation areas where those individual buildings make
Queen Alexandra Military Hospital - Misplaced Pages Continue
1312-547: The hospital site has since be used for an extension of the Tate but most of the buildings remain. These have housed various administration departments of the Tate as well as the library, meeting rooms and the conservation science section. The chapel remains but its stained glass window, depicting the Ascension of Jesus Christ, was carefully removed to the Queen Elizabeth Military Hospital, Woolwich. The area around
1353-613: The hospital was extended to 300 beds with two operating theatres and 11 wards including one for children. Male nurses were from the Royal Army Medical Corps and female nurses from the Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps. After services had transferred to the Queen Elizabeth Military Hospital in Woolwich , the hospital closed in 1977. The Royal Army Medical College remained at Millbank until teaching transferred to
1394-582: The man in the characteristic attitude in which we all knew him". In 1953, Tate Director, Sir Norman Reid , attempted to have it replaced by Rodin 's John the Baptist , and in 1962 again proposed its removal, calling its presence "positively harmful". His efforts were frustrated by the statue's owner, the Ministry of Works . Ownership was transferred from the Ministry to English Heritage in 1996, and by them in turn to
1435-675: The public on payment of an annual subscription. As well as administration offices the building complex houses the Prints and Drawings Rooms (in the Clore galleries), as well as the Library and Archive in the Hyman Kreitman Reading Rooms. The restaurant features a mural by Rex Whistler , The Expedition in Pursuit of Rare Meats . Protests over the depiction of the enslavement of Black children and
1476-466: The quality of a conservation area as being: "the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance". The current Scottish legislation is the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) (Scotland) Act 1997 . In Northern Ireland it is the Planning Act (Northern Ireland) 2011 . Conservation areas can be found across a wide a range of urban and rural UK locations. For example, in
1517-476: The resources and priorities of the local authority, and many fail to meet expectations. A conservation area may have a conservation area advisory committee , a non-elected body of people, some of whom may be expert, who are concerned about the conservation in the particular area. Historic England maintains an "at risk" register which includes conservation areas. The law generally requires that anyone proposing to cut down or carry out any work on any tree, with
1558-410: The stereotyping of Chinese figures in the mural has led to the closure of the restaurant. Tate Britain and Tate Modern are now connected by a river bus along the River Thames , which runs from Millbank Millennium Pier immediately outside Tate Britain. The boat is decorated with spots, based on paintings of similar appearance by Damien Hirst . The lighting artwork incorporated in the pier's structure
1599-427: The termination of its support for Tate Britain, blaming the 'extremely challenging business environment'. Although the company denied that the decision was influenced by climate change protests, BP's support for Tate Britain had drawn the attention of activists to the gallery. In 2015, a collective called Liberate Tate had occupied part of Tate Britain and attributed BP's move to climate activism, which has since become
1640-631: Was abolished by the ERR Act (1) and replaced with a requirement for planning permission for demolition of a building in a conservation area (1). In Wales, the requirement for conservation area consent remains. The circumstances in which such planning permission is required and the consequences of failing to apply for it when it is needed are the same as applied to conservation area consent. Local authorities are chiefly responsible for designating conservation areas. They can designate any area of 'special architectural or historic interest' whose character or appearance
1681-677: Was the president of the Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps , in July 1905. In 1907 the Royal Army Medical College opened on the south side of the Tate Gallery. In the First World War it became a general hospital for the British Army . Apart from the war-wounded by munitions, it attended to cases of trench fever , frostbite , shellshock and gas gangrene . After the war it was enlarged to 200 beds and, together with